antimonytrichloride

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P264, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P363, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (32.3%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H411 (100%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P264, P264+P265, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 353 reports by companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P203, P273, P280, P318, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P273, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P308+P316, P318, P330, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

INHALATION: move victim at once to fresh air and keep him warm, but not hot; call a physician immediately; nasal passages may be irrigated from a gently flowing hose.

INGESTION: induce vomiting by giving large quantities of warm salt water; have a physician see the patient at once.

EYES: flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 min.; call a physician at once.

SKIN: flush with large quantities of flowing water followed by washing of skin surfaces with soap and water; remove all contaminated clothing promptly. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

· In case of skin contact with Hydrofluoric acid (UN1790), if calcium gluconate gel is available, rinse 5 minutes, then apply gel. Otherwise, continue rinsing until medical treatment is available.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:

Note: Some foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases.

SMALL FIRE: CO2 (except for Cyanides), dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Dissolve in minimum hydrochloric acid percent concentrated reagent. Filter if necessary. Dilute with water until white precipitates form. ... Add just enough 6 M HCl to redissolve. Saturate with hydrogen sulfide. Filter, wash the precipitate, dry, package, and ship to the supplier.

Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2024)

Separated from food and feedstuffs. Dry. Well closed.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Store under inert gas. Moisture sensitive. Reacts violently with water. Keep in a dry place. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, corrosive hazardous materials.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

2.8 [mg/m3]

17 [mg/m3]

100 [mg/m3]

0.5 [mg/m3], as Sb

50.0 [mg/m3], as Sb

50 mg/cu m, as Sb /Antimony/

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.5 mg/cu m. /Antimony and compounds, as Sb/

Peak Exposure Recommendation: Transient increases in workers' exposure levels may exceed 3 times the value of the TLV-TWA level for no more than 15 minutes at a time, on no more than 4 occasions spaced 1 hour apart during a workday, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the value of the TLV-TWA level. In addition, the 8-hour TWA is not to be exceeded for an 8-hour work period. /Antimony and compounds, as Sb/

(as Sb): 0.5 mg/m

carcinogen category: 2; germ cell mutagen group: 3A

· Note: Some foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases.

Small Fire

· CO2 (except for Cyanides), dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause lung oedema. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

The substance may have effects on the cardiovascular system.

Note: The respiratory system is the chief avenue of entrance of antimony and its compounds into the body. Bu. Mines approved respirator; chemical safety goggles; face shield; leather or rubber safety shoes; rubber apron; rubber gloves (USCG, 1999)

Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

AVOID ALL CONTACT! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation (not if powder), local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Antimony trichloride is a colorless crystalline solid. It is shipped as a solid or liquid solution. It is decomposed slowly by water to hydrochloric acid and antimony oxychloride. Antimony oxychloride is soluble in hydrochloric acid but insoluble in water. It is corrosive to metals and tissue.

Colorless solid; Very hygroscopic; [Hawley] Solution: Yellow to reddish-brown liquid; [Merck Index] Off-white crystalline solid; [MSDSonline]

COLOURLESS HYGROSCOPIC CRYSTALS WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless orthorhombic crystals

Orhtorhombic, deliquescent needles from carbon disulfide or by sublimation at 100 °C

Colorless, transparent crystalline mass

Yellow semi-solid mass

Acrid pugent odor

Sharp, unpleasant

433 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

220.3 °C

223.5 °C

220.3 °C @760 [mm Hg]

163 °F (USCG, 1999)

In water, 987 g/100 g water at 25 °C

Soluble in acid, ethanol, benzene, acetone

Soluble in alcohol, chloroform (about 22%), benzene, acetone, carbon disulfide, dioxane, carbon tetrachloride (1.1 molar), ether

Insoluble in pyridine, quinoline, other organic bases

1 gram dissolves in 10.1 mL water at 25 °C. ... Considerably more soluble in HCl

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 10

3.14 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

3.14 g/cu cm

Yellow to reddish-brown, clear, somewhat oily, strongly caustic liquid. Density: 1.5 /Antimony trichloride solution/

3.14 g/cm³

3.14 @25 °C

1 mm Hg at 49.2 °C (sublimes)

Vapor pressure, Pa at 49 °C: 133

1 [mm Hg] @49.2 °C

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Hydrogen chloride gas, Antimony oxide

When heated to decomp, it emits very toxic fumes of chlorine and antimony.

Corrodes most metals in presence of moisture

45.19 kJ/mol at 220.3 °C

BP: 223.5 °C; 143.5 °C at 70 mm Hg; 102 °C at 11 mm Hg. Fumes in air. Density: 3.14 at 20 °C/4 °C

Cryoscopic constant: 18.4; heat of fusion at 73.2 °C: -13.29 cal/g; specific heat at 33 °C: 0.110 cal/g/deg C; dipole moment: 3.12 at 25 °C in carbon disulfide; saturated solution in carbon tetrachloride is approximately 1.1 molar; gradual hydrolysis /in water/ to antimony(III)oxychloride (SbOCl).

At 73.34 °C fuses to yelllow oily liquid; produces colorless vapor at 223 °C

Dielectric constant 5.34

Hygroscopic

Very hygroscopic. Fumes slightly in air. ... With water forms antimony oxychloride

For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Fumes in air to form hydrochloric acid [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Decomposed by water to form hydrochloric acid and antimony oxychloride. The dry powdered oxide ignites on heating in air [Mellor Vol. 9 425.1939].

Acids, Strong Non-oxidizing

Oxidizing Agents, Strong

Halogenating Agents

Water-Reactive

Air-Reactive

ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE is a strong oxidizing agent, and it is slowly hydrolyzed to generate hydrochloric acid and antimony oxides.

Corrosive by vigorous reaction with moisture, generating heat and hydrogen chloride gas ...

Powdered aluminum burns in vapor of ... antimony trichloride.

Mixtures of potassium and ... the metallic halide antimony trichloride produces strong explosion on impact.

A mixture of sodium and ... the metallic halide antimony trichloride produces a strong explosion on impact.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Antimony trichloride (SbCl3) is a colorless, a yellow solid, or a semi-solid mass. Antimony trichloride is used in matches, as a catalyst or as a component of catalysts to effect polymerization of hydrocarbons and to chlorinate olefins. It is also used in hydrocracking of coal and heavy hydrocarbons, as an analytical reagent for chloral, aromatic hydrocarbons and vitamin A, and in the microscopic identification of drugs. Liquid SbCl3 is used as a nonaqueous solvent. It is used as a veterinary medication. HUMAN STUDIES: Severe burns of cornea caused by exposure to high concentration of vapor, and destruction of cornea and conjunctiva has resulted from contact with solution of antimony trichloride in hydrochloric acid. Acute respiratory exposure to antimony trichloride (76 mg/cu m) produced irritation and soreness of the upper respiratory tract in several workers. Large exposures result in severe air-passage irritation. Ingestion causes vomiting, purging with bloody stools, slow pulse, and low blood pressure, slow, shallow breathing, coma, and convulsions sometimes followed by death. Contact of dry chemical with skin may result in deep chemical burns. Apoptosis and DNA fragmentation was not found in human cells immediately following a 4-hr SbCl3 treatment, however, an increase in calcium accumulation appeared after treatment. Treatment with antimony trichloride caused autophagy in A549 cells. ANIMAL STUDIES: In rats given orally 135 mg/kg for 10 days toxic symptoms included myocardial degeneration from which two rats died during treatment. Treatment of mice ip with 40 mg/kg of antimony trioxide daily for 28 days led to liver damage. Prenatal and/or postnatal exposure to antimony trichloride interfered with vasomotor reactivity development in rats. DNA fragmentation was detected in CHO-K1 cells after a 4-hr SbCl3 treatment. In mice, chromosomal aberrations were principally breaks and damaged cells observed from bone marrow preparations.

The inhalation data suggest that the myocardium is a target of antimony toxicity. It is possible that antimony affects circulating glucose by interfering with enzymes of the glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis pathways. The mechanism of action of antimony remains unclear. However, some studies suggest that antimony combines with sulfhydryl groups including those in several enzymes important for tissue respiration. The antidotal action of BAL depends on its ability to prevent or break the union between antimony and vital enzymes. Moreover, the The cause of death is believed to be essentially the same as that in acute arsenic poisoning. (T18, L741, A238)

No indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (L135)

Dermal exposure to antimony can cause antimony spots (papules and pustules around sweat and sebaceous glands). Antimony poisoning can also lead to pneumoconiosis. Alterations in pulmonary function and other effects including chronic bronchitis, chronic emphysema, inactive tuberculosis, pleural adhesions, and irritation can result from inhalation of antimony. Increased blood pressure can also result from antimony poisoning. Myocardial depression, vasodilation and fluid loss may cause shock with hypotension, electrolyte disturbances and acute renal failure. Cerebral oedema, coma, convulsions, and death are possible. (L741)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

Inhalation (L741) ;oral (L741) ; dermal (L741)

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Abdominal pain.

Pain. Redness. Serious skin burns.

Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns.

Burning sensation. Abdominal cramps. Nausea. Vomiting. Shock or collapse.

Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea can result from inhalation of antimony. Dyspnea, headache, vomiting,cough, conjunctivitis, and bloody purulent discharge from nose can result from inhalation exposure. Skin or eye contact can cause pain and redness of the exposed surface. (T64, L741)

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 2: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as probable (2a), or possible (2b) human carcinogens.

Soluble Antimony Compounds (Antimony Trichloride)

4 x 10^-4 mg/kg-day

PDF Document

Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential

PPRTV Current

LD50: 525 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L772)

LD50: 74 mg/kg (Oral, Guinea pig) (L772)

LD50 Mice ip 13 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 525 mg/kg

LD50 Guinea pigs oral 574 mg/kg

Following oral exposure to antimony, administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Following inhalation exposure, move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with inhaled beta2 agonist and oral or parenteral corticosteroids. In case of eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. Following dermal exposure, remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists. (T36)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

Call for medical aid. ... If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. ... Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Flush affected areas with plenty of water. If in eyes, hold eyelids open, and flush with plenty of water. If swallowed and victim is conscious, have victim drink water or milk. If swallowed and victim is unconscious or having convulsions, do nothing except keep victim warm.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acute respiratory exposure to antimony trichloride (76 mg/cu m) produced irritation and soreness of the upper respiratory tract in several workers.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Severe burns of cornea are said to have been caused by exposure to high concn of vapor, and destruction of cornea and conjunctiva has resulted from contact with soln of antimony trichloride in hydrochloric acid.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation of small amounts may cause only irritation of the nose, throat, and air passages; large exposures result in severe air-passage irritation. Ingestion causes vomiting, purging with bloody stools, slow pulse, and low blood pressure; slow, shallow breathing; coma, and convulsions sometimes followed by death. Contact with eyes causes severe eye burns or at least severe eye irritation. Contact of dry chemical with skin may result in deep chemical burns.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Occupational exposures are usually by inhalation of dust containing ... antimony trichloride ... . Effects may be acute, particularly from ... trichloride exposures, producing a rhinitis and even acute pulmonary edema.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ ... Trivalent antimony chloride /was given/ per os to rats for 10 days at a dose of 135 mg/kg. Toxic symptoms included myocardial degeneration from which two rats died during treatment.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ ... Using guinea pigs ... ten-day studies at 12 and 20 mg/kg doses of trivalent antimony chloride produced blood changes (decreased hemoglobin, incr reticulocyte count). ... /A 6 month study using guinea pigs/ with oral doses ranging from 0.0025 to 2.5 mg/kg ... /produced/ no toxic symptoms at the lowest dose.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Effects of prenatal and/or postnatal antimony trichloride exposure on the development of rat vasomotor reactivity were studied in normotensive and hypertensive NOS albino rats. Female rats were exposed to antimony trichloride (0.1 to 1 mg percent), from the first day of pregnancy until 22 days postdelivery, or female rats were exposed again to the same concentrations of metals from delivery until 22 days postdelivery. Pups for prenatal and/or postnatal exposure were weaned at 22 days of age and exposed to metals (same concentrations) from Day 22 to 60 after birth. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to antimony trichloride did not significantly change arterial blood pressure in pups of either normotensive or hypertensive rats. Antimony trichloride significantly decreased the pressor response to 1-noradrenaline and the hypotensive response to 1-isoprenaline at Day 60. At 1 mg percent dose, antimony trichloride also reduced the hypotensive response to acetylcholine at Day 60. Postnatal exposure to antimony trichloride significantly reduced pressor response to carotid occlusion on day 60 at both doses; significantly reduced the hypotensive response to 1-isoprenaline on Day 60 at the low dose and on Days 30 and 60 at the high dose; and reduced the hypotensive response to antimony trichloride on Days 30 and 60 at the high dose. The results indicated that prenatal and/or postnatal exposure to some heavy metals interfere with vasomotor reactivity development in rats.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Pregnant female rats were exposed to antimony trichloride (0.1 and 1 mg/dl in their drinking water ad libitum) from the first day of pregnancy until weaning (22nd day after delivery). Pups were exposed to antimony trichloride (0.1 and 1 mg/dl in their drinking water ad libitum) from 22nd until 60th day of age. Antimony exposure did not significantly affect maternal and pup systolic arterial blood pressure, length of gestation, and number of newborn per litter. Antimony exposure decreased maternal and pup body weight. No macroscopic teratogenic effects have been observed. Whether or not pups were exposed to antimony trichloride, pressor responses to carotid occlusion and 1-noradrenaline and hypotensive responses to 1-isoprenaline and acetylcholine were significantly higher on the 60th than on the 30th day of age. In pups, prenatal and postnatal antimony exposure did not affect pressor response to carotidal occlusion, while it decreased pressor response to 1-noradrenaline and hypotensive response to 1-isoprenaline on the 60th day after birth. At last, antimony exposure at higher concentration decreased pup hypotensive response to acetylcholine on the 60th day.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

EPA has released the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays/[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of March 27, 2018: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

LC50; Species: Macrobrachium nipponense (Oriental River Shrimp) age 17 wk adult, total length 1.2 cm; Conditions: freshwater, renewal, 24 °C, pH 7.4-8.1, hardness 38-45 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 7.0-7.7 mg/L; Concentration: 6748 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 5278-7950 ug/L) /> or =99% purity/

LC50; Species: Macrobrachium nipponense (Oriental River Shrimp) age 17 wk adult, total length 1.2 cm; Conditions: freshwater, renewal, 24 °C, pH 7.4-8.1, hardness 38-45 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 7.0-7.7 mg/L; Concentration: 10083 ug/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 8736-11378 ug/L) /> or =99% purity/

LC50; Species: Macrobrachium nipponense (Oriental River Shrimp) age 4 wk juvenile, total length 0.42 cm; Conditions: freshwater, renewal, 24 °C, pH 7.4-8.1, hardness 38-45 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 7.0-7.7 mg/L; Concentration: 2240 ug/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 1649-3046 ug/L) /> or =99% purity/

LC50; Species: Macrobrachium nipponense (Oriental River Shrimp) age 4 wk juvenile, total length 0.42 cm; Conditions: freshwater, renewal, 24 °C, pH 7.4-8.1, hardness 38-45 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 7.0-7.7 mg/L; Concentration: 1635 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 1271-2103 ug/L) /> or =99% purity/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is toxic to aquatic organisms.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Dissolve in minimum hydrochloric acid percent concentrated reagent. Filter if necessary. Dilute with water until white precipitates form. ... Add just enough 6 M HCl to redissolve. Saturate with hydrogen sulfide. Filter, wash the precipitate, dry, package, and ship to the supplier.

Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

/GUIDE 157 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. For UN1796, UN1826, UN2031 at high concentrations and for UN2032, these may act as oxidizers, also consult GUIDE 140. Vapors may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.). Substance may react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water. /Antimony trichloride; Antimony trichloride, liquid; Antimony trichloride, solid/

/GUIDE 157 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Reaction with water or moist air may release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Antimony trichloride; Antimony trichloride, liquid; Antimony trichloride, solid/

/GUIDE 157 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Antimony trichloride; Antimony trichloride, liquid; Antimony trichloride, solid/

/GUIDE 157 SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Non-Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Antimony trichloride; Antimony trichloride, liquid; Antimony trichloride, solid/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Antimony trichloride (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1733; Antimony trichloride, liquid; Antimony trichloride, solid

IMO 8.0; Antimony trichloride

49 323 18; Antimony trichloride solution

49 323 16; Antimony trichloride, solid

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Antimony trichloride is included on the dangerous goods list.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Antimony trichloride is included on the dangerous goods list.

Corrosive

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: C, N; R: 34-51/53; S: (1/2)-26-45-61

UN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: II