5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine

H302 (> 99.9%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H311+H331 (10.8%): Toxic in contact with skin or if inhaled. [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H311 (99.6%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (89.4%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H315 (10.6%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (82.9%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319 (10.6%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331 (89%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H412 (76.6%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1711 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P210, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P203, P210, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air. Refer for medical attention.

Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

INHALATION: remove victim to fresh air; give oxygen if breathing is difficult; call a physician.

SKIN OR EYES: immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 min.; get medical care for eyes. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

· Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

Use dry powder, foam, carbon dioxide, water spray. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in covered containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2024)

Keep in a well-ventilated room. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Separated from food and feedstuffs and strong oxidants.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

Large Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the skin and eyes. The substance may be irritating to the respiratory tract.

Air-supplied mask for high vapor concentrations; plastic gloves; goggles or face shield. (USCG, 1999)

Depending on the extent of possible contact, workers should be provided with personal protective equipment. A charcoal gas mask canister respirator has been found to be effective against a 2% pyridine concentration at 30 l/min for 1 hr. Rubber and plastic gloves should not be relied upon to prevent skin contact because pyridine and many of its derivatives penetrate these materials ... . /Pyridine, homologs, and derivatives/

NO open flames. Above 68 °C use a closed system and ventilation.

AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles or face shield.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine appears as a colorless to yellow liquid. Insoluble in water and more dense than water. Hence sinks in water. Contact may slightly irritate the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.

Colorless liquid with a sharp, penetrating odor; [Hawley] Colorless or pale yellow liquid; [MSDSonline]

COLOURLESS LIQUID.

Colourless liquid; Sharp penetrating aromatic aroma

Colorless liquid

Sharp, penetrating odor

Strong aromatic odor

352 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

177.8 °C @ 747 mm Hg

172.00 to 175.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

178.3 °C

172-175 °C

-94.5 °F (USCG, 1999)

-70.3 °C (freezing point)

-70.9 °C

155 °F (USCG, 1999)

155 °F, 68 °C (OPEN CUP)

68 °C o.c.

Sol in alc, ether, benzene, dilute acids, concn sulfuric acid

Very soluble in acetone

In water, 1.2 g/100 ml @ 29 °C

12 mg/mL at 20 °C

Solubility in water, g/l at 20 °C: 12 (moderate)

Slightly soluble in water and fat

Soluble (in ethanol)

0.922 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

Specific gravity: 0.9184 @ 23 °C/4 °C

Density (at 20 °C): 0.92 g/cm³

Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at °C (air = 1): 1.01

0.917-0.923

4.2 (AIR= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 4.2

5.17 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

1.43 [mmHg]

1.43 mm Hg @ 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 0.191

939 °F (USCG, 1999)

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke & irritating fumes.

36 dynes/cm= 0.036 N/m @ 20 °C

0.03 mg/cu m (odor low); 94.1 mg/cu m (odor high)

Insoluble in water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

2-METHYL-5-ETHYLPYRIDINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. May generate hydrogen, a flammable gas, in combination with strong reducing agents such as hydrides. A mixture of nitric acid and methyl ethyl pyridine was placed in an autoclave and heated and stirred for 40 minutes. The emergency vent opened due to a sudden pressure rise, then an explosion occurred after about 90 seconds [Chem. Eng. News 30:3348. 1952].

... Can react vigorously with oxidizers. Potentially explosive reaction with nitric acid at 145 °C/ 14.5 bar.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, by ingestion and through the skin.

Cough. Sore throat.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain.

Sore throat. Burning sensation behind the breastbone. Abdominal pain.

Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

LC50 (rat) = 540 ppm/4h

LD50 Rat oral 0.8-1.8 g/kg /From table/

LD50 Rat ip 0.2-0.4 g/kg /From table/

LD50 Mouse oral 0.8-1.6 g/kg /From table/

LD50 Mouse ip 0.1-0.2 g/kg /From table/

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for 2-METHYL-5-ETHYLPYRIDINE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

2-METHYL-5-ETHYL PYRIDINE RATED 9 ON RABBIT EYES. /SUBSTANCES DESIGNATED IN THIS MANNER HAVE BEEN TESTED EXTERNALLY ON EYES OF RABBITS & HAVE BEEN RATED NUMERICALLY ON SCALE OF 1-10 ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF INJURY OBSERVED AFTER 24 HR, PAYING PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO CONDITION OF CORNEA/

MAJOR ACTIONS OF PYRIDINE & ITS SIMPLE ALKYL DERIVATIVES ARE LOCAL IRRITATION & NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSION WITH ... /SRP: CNS DEPRESSION/. /ALKYL DERIVATIVES OF PYRIDINE/

ALKYL DERIVATIVES ... CAUSE SYMPTOMS /IN RATS OR MICE/ RESEMBLING THOSE OBSERVED WITH PYRIDINE. THESE ARE LARGELY NONSPECIFIC & INCL WEAKNESS, ATAXIA, DIARRHEA & UNCONSCIOUSNESS. DELAYED DEATHS FOLLOWING A SINGLE DOSE ARE UNCOMMON & SURVIVORS GENERALLY GAIN WT NORMALLY. /ALKYL DERIVATIVES OF PYRIDINE/

TEN DAILY ORAL ADMIN OF 300 MG 2-METHYL-5-ETHYLPYRIDINE CAUSED KARYOCYTOLYSIS OF NEUROSECRETORY CELLS OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-HYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM OF RATS, LEADING TO THE APPEARANCE OF CELL GHOSTS.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 2-METHYL-5-ETHYLPYRIDINE (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2-Methyl-5-ethyl pyridine (CAS # 104-90-5) was evaluated for subacute oral toxicity in Harlan-Wistar albino rats (5/sex/dose group) fed nominal doses of 0 (negative control Group A), 0 (negative control Group B), 0.16, 0.40, and 1.0 g/kg/day by dietary inclusion for 7 days. Based on daily consumption, the attained dosages did not deviate significantly from targets. All treated and control animals survived to terminal necropsy and no overt toxicity was reported in 7-day study. Clinical signs of toxicity included dramatically and statistically significant (p < 0.001) depression of bodyweight gains on Days 1, 4, and 7 in both high dose males and females. Relative to control Group B, growth rates were also significantly (p < 0.05) reduced on Day 7 in 0.40 g/kg/day females. Relative liver weights (as percentage of bodyweight) in 1.0 g/kg/day females were significantly (p < 0.01) elevated relative to those of control Group 2 after 7 days, but not as compared to control Group 1. Microscopic examination of high dose animals failed to identify treatment-related lesions in excess of historical and study controls. Based on bodyweight, liver and kidney weights, and histopathology, the authors reported a maximum no significant ill-effect level (MiE) as 0.40 g/kg/day and calculated a ratio of LD50 (0.566 g/kg) and MiE as 1.44, probably indicating a low degree of chronicity.

4-Methylpyridine (CAS # 108- 89-4) was evaluated for mutagenicity in Chinese hamster V79 lung cells exposed to concentrations of 0, 3.75, 4, 4.25, and 4.5 uL/mL/plate in triplicate cultures for 4 hours without rat liver S9 metabolic activation (due to negative results in Ames microsome test). Exposure levels were chosen to span cloning efficiencies ranging from 1.3 to 82.8% L/mL/plate in preliminary cytotoxicity assay, and treated cells were subcultured in nonselective and selective medium, respectively, to determine survival and mutagenicity. By study protocol, a reproducible dose-related response with a 10-fold increase in the mutation rate of controls at 1 or more doses constituted a biologically significant indication of mutagenicity. With correction for cell survival, no significant treatment-related increased mutation frequency was observed.

4-Methylpyridine (CAS # 108-89-4) was evaluated for DNA single-strand breaks in Chinese hamster V79 lung cells exposed to concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, and 4.5 uL/mL/plate for 4 hours without metabolic activation (due to negative result in Ames microsome test). Concentrations were chosen to span cloning efficiences from 1.5 to 98.9% in preliminary cytotoxicity testing, and a survival index (cloning efficiency) was determined by Coulter count of trypsinized control and treated cells following genotoxicity assay. By study protocol, a 3-fold increase in elution rate relative to concurrent control in 2 consecutive doses constituted a biologically significant indication of genotoxicity. With correction for cell survival, alkaline filter elution of lysed treated and control cells with fluorimetric quantification of the residual DNA/dye complex disclosed no significant increase in DNA single-strand breaks relative to controls.

4-Methylpyridine (CAS # 108-89-4) was evaluated for mutagenicity in cultured TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium, both in the presence and absence of rat liver S-9 metabolic activation. In two independent assays, bacterial cultures in triplicate with and without metabolic activation were exposed to 0 (unspecified solvent control), 0.51, 1.63, 5.10, 16.30, and 51.0 uM/plate for 36-72 hours. Relative to vehicle and historical controls, exposures did not increase mean frequency of base-pair or frame-shift histidine revertants in any strain regardless of metabolic activation.

LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 81.1 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 77.6 - 84.8 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 26.2 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.9 mg/l, hardness 45.5 mg/l CaCO3, alkalinity 42.0 mg/l CaCO3, and pH 7.49.

EC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 69.8 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 61.2 - 79.6 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 26.2 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.9 mg/l, hardness 45.5 mg/l CaCO3, alkalinity 42.0 mg/l CaCO3, and pH 7.49. Effect: loss of equilibrium.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine's production and use in the manufacture of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, vinyl pyridines for copolymers, as an intermediate for germicides and textile finishes and as a corrosion inhibitor for chlorinated solvents may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.43 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 days, respectively. If released to soil, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 170. 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine has a pKa of 6.51, which indicates that this compound will partially exist in the protonated form in moist acidic to neutral soils; cations adsorb more strongly to soils than neutral molecules. Therefore, the mobility of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to be lower in acidic and neutral soils than in alkaline soils. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. However, in moist acidic and neutral soils, where the protonated form is the dominant species, volatilization will not be important because cations do not volatilize. 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Based on an aerobic column study using aquifer sediment, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to biodegrade slowly in water or soil. After 35 days of operation, only 43.4% of the initially applied 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed. If released into water, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 and 20 days, respectively. In acidic and neutral waters where the protonated form is the dominant species, volatilization will not be an important fate process since cations do not volatilize. An estimated BCF of 14 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure to 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine via ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine. (SRC)

5-Ethyl-2-methyl-pyridine was found in peppermint oils.

2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine's production and use in the manufacture of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, and vinyl pyridines for copolymers, as an intermediate for germicides and textile finishes and as a corrosion inhibitor for chlorinated solvents(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine is also released to the environment via effluents from oil processing facilities(2,3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine has a pKa of 6.51(5), which indicates that this compound will exist mainly in the protonated form in moist acidic and neutral soils, and cations adsorb more strongly to soils than neutral molecules. Therefore, the mobility of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to be much lower in acidic and neutral soils than in alkaline soils(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 1.43 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 12,000 mg/l(6). However, the protonated form will not volatilize(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Based on an aerobic column study using aquifer sediment, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to biodegrade slowly in soil. After 35 days of operation, only 43.4% of the initially applied 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed(4).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 1.43 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 12,000 mg/l(9). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 and 20 days, respectively(SRC). However, the pKa of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is 6.51(8), indicating this compound will exist in the ionized form in acidic and neutral waters and cations do not volatilize(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 14(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2.4(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Based on an aerobic column study using aquifer sediment, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to biodegrade slowly in water. After 35 days of operation, only 43.4% of the initially applied 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed(10).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine, which has a vapor pressure of 1.43 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.4X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3).

BOD: (theoretical) 4.4%, 5 days; 56.6%, 20 days; 0.12-2.14 lb/lb, 5 days

In aerobic column experiments using subsurface sediments collected from the contaminated Reilly Industries site in Indianapolis, Indiana, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed by 43.4% after 35 days of operation (influent and effluent concentrations of 5123 and 2899 ug/l, respectively)(1). In a chemostat experiment using groundwater where 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was initially present at 5276 ug/l (dilution rate of 0.067 per day), the effluent concentration of this compound was 5075 ug/l, indicating that little biodegradation had occurred during the 4-week test period(2).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.4X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 7 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(2). 3,5-Lutidine, a structurally-similar alkylated pyridine, has a weak absorption band that extends into the environmental UV spectrum(3), which suggests that direct photolysis is not likely to be an important fate process for alkylated pyridines (SRC). A pKa of 6.51(4) indicates 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine will at least partially exist in the protonated form in acidic and neutral waters and soils.

An estimated BCF of 14 was calculated for 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 2.4(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine can be estimated to be 170(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. The pKa of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is 6.51(3), which indicates that this compound will exist in the protonated form under acidic and neutral conditions. Cations adsorb more strongly to soil surfaces than neutral molecules thus adsorption of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine may be greater in acidic and neutral soils(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is estimated as 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure, 1.43 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 12,000 mg/l(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 2 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 20 days(SRC). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine's estimated Henry's Law constant(1,2) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). However, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is a base with a pKa of 6.51(4), which indicates this compound will exist in the protonated form in acidic as well as neutral conditions; cations will not volatilize from either moist soil or water surfaces. The potential for volatilization of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 81.1 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 77.6 - 84.8 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 26.2 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.9 mg/l, hardness 45.5 mg/l CaCO3, alkalinity 42.0 mg/l CaCO3, and pH 7.49.

EC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 69.8 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 61.2 - 79.6 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 26.2 °C, dissolved oxygen 5.9 mg/l, hardness 45.5 mg/l CaCO3, alkalinity 42.0 mg/l CaCO3, and pH 7.49. Effect: loss of equilibrium.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine's production and use in the manufacture of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, vinyl pyridines for copolymers, as an intermediate for germicides and textile finishes and as a corrosion inhibitor for chlorinated solvents may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.43 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 days, respectively. If released to soil, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 170. 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine has a pKa of 6.51, which indicates that this compound will partially exist in the protonated form in moist acidic to neutral soils; cations adsorb more strongly to soils than neutral molecules. Therefore, the mobility of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to be lower in acidic and neutral soils than in alkaline soils. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. However, in moist acidic and neutral soils, where the protonated form is the dominant species, volatilization will not be important because cations do not volatilize. 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Based on an aerobic column study using aquifer sediment, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to biodegrade slowly in water or soil. After 35 days of operation, only 43.4% of the initially applied 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed. If released into water, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 and 20 days, respectively. In acidic and neutral waters where the protonated form is the dominant species, volatilization will not be an important fate process since cations do not volatilize. An estimated BCF of 14 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure to 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine via ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine. (SRC)

5-Ethyl-2-methyl-pyridine was found in peppermint oils.

2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine's production and use in the manufacture of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, and vinyl pyridines for copolymers, as an intermediate for germicides and textile finishes and as a corrosion inhibitor for chlorinated solvents(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine is also released to the environment via effluents from oil processing facilities(2,3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine has a pKa of 6.51(5), which indicates that this compound will exist mainly in the protonated form in moist acidic and neutral soils, and cations adsorb more strongly to soils than neutral molecules. Therefore, the mobility of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to be much lower in acidic and neutral soils than in alkaline soils(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 1.43 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 12,000 mg/l(6). However, the protonated form will not volatilize(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Based on an aerobic column study using aquifer sediment, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to biodegrade slowly in soil. After 35 days of operation, only 43.4% of the initially applied 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed(4).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 1.43 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 12,000 mg/l(9). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 and 20 days, respectively(SRC). However, the pKa of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is 6.51(8), indicating this compound will exist in the ionized form in acidic and neutral waters and cations do not volatilize(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 14(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2.4(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Based on an aerobic column study using aquifer sediment, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to biodegrade slowly in water. After 35 days of operation, only 43.4% of the initially applied 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed(10).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine, which has a vapor pressure of 1.43 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.4X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3).

BOD: (theoretical) 4.4%, 5 days; 56.6%, 20 days; 0.12-2.14 lb/lb, 5 days

In aerobic column experiments using subsurface sediments collected from the contaminated Reilly Industries site in Indianapolis, Indiana, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was removed by 43.4% after 35 days of operation (influent and effluent concentrations of 5123 and 2899 ug/l, respectively)(1). In a chemostat experiment using groundwater where 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine was initially present at 5276 ug/l (dilution rate of 0.067 per day), the effluent concentration of this compound was 5075 ug/l, indicating that little biodegradation had occurred during the 4-week test period(2).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.4X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 7 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(2). 3,5-Lutidine, a structurally-similar alkylated pyridine, has a weak absorption band that extends into the environmental UV spectrum(3), which suggests that direct photolysis is not likely to be an important fate process for alkylated pyridines (SRC). A pKa of 6.51(4) indicates 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine will at least partially exist in the protonated form in acidic and neutral waters and soils.

An estimated BCF of 14 was calculated for 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 2.4(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine can be estimated to be 170(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. The pKa of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is 6.51(3), which indicates that this compound will exist in the protonated form under acidic and neutral conditions. Cations adsorb more strongly to soil surfaces than neutral molecules thus adsorption of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine may be greater in acidic and neutral soils(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is estimated as 1.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure, 1.43 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 12,000 mg/l(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 2 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 20 days(SRC). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine's estimated Henry's Law constant(1,2) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). However, 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is a base with a pKa of 6.51(4), which indicates this compound will exist in the protonated form in acidic as well as neutral conditions; cations will not volatilize from either moist soil or water surfaces. The potential for volatilization of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

DRINKING WATER: 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine was listed as a contaminant found in drinking water(1,2) for a survey of US cities including Pomona, Escondido, Lake Tahoe and Orange Co, CA and Dallas, Washington, DC, Cincinnati, Philadelphia, Miami, New Orleans, Ottumwa, IA, and Seattle(3).

2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine was detected in 1 of 21 industrial categories of wastewater effluents(1). Extract from the wastewater of an organic chemical manufacturer contained 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine at an average concn of 3021 mg/l(1,2).

2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine was qualitatively identified as a volatile component of fried chicken(1) and mutton(3). 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine was tentatively identified in salt-fermented shrimp paste from Korea at a concentration of 140 ng/g(2). 5-Ethyl-2-methyl-pyridine was found in peppermint oils at unreported concentrations(4).

Primary routes of exposure would be skin/eye contact with liquid or inhalation of vapors.

Occupational exposure to 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine via ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine. (SRC)

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 2-METHYL-5-ETHYLPYRIDINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

IMO 6.1; 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine

UN 2300; 2-Methyl-5-ethylpyridine

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Marine pollutant. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: C; R: 20/21/22-43-34; S: 26-28-36/37/39

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: III