3-heptanone

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (1 of 1754) of reports.

H226 (> 99.9%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H319 (97.9%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (> 99.9%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1754 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 1754 reports by companies.

There are 4 notifications provided by 1753 of 1754 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H303: May be harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H305: May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways [Warning Aspiration hazard]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P331, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Rest. Refer for medical attention .

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Ethyl butyl ketone:

Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: WATER FLUSH - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water. Where there is evidence of skin irritation, get medical attention.

Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.

Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2024)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water. Where there is evidence of skin irritation, get medical attention.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water.

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. (USCG, 1999)

Use powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable metal containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

1. REMOVE ALL IGNITION SOURCES. 2. VENTILATE AREA OF SPILL OR LEAK. 3. FOR SMALL QUANTITIES, ABSORB ON PAPER TOWELS. EVAPORATE IN SAFE PLACE (SUCH AS FUME HOOD). ALLOW ... EVAPORATING VAPORS TO COMPLETELY CLEAR THE HOOD DUCTWORK. BURN THE PAPER IN SUITABLE LOCATION AWAY FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilate area of spill or leak. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Keep ethyl butyl ketone out of a confined space ... because of the possibility of an explosion ... It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable.

Absorb on paper. Evaporate on a glass or iron dish in hood. Burn the paper.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

LARGE QUANTITIES CAN BE COLLECTED & ATOMIZED IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH AN APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE. ETHYL BUTYL KETONE SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO ENTER A CONFINED SPACE SUCH AS A SEWER, BECAUSE OF POSSIBILITY OF EXPLOSION.

Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with a more flammable solvent.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Wash hands before eating.

Work practices and industrial hygiene techniques should minimize the volatilization of ketones in the workroom air in order to ensure that the exposure limits are not exceeded. /Ketones/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 3-HEPTANONE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof.

Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Ethyl butyl ketone must be stored to avoid contact with oxidizers such as peroxides, chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates, and nitrates, because violent reactions occur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away form heat. Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where ethyl butyl ketone is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard.

... OPEN LIGHTS OR OTHER AGENCIES LIABLE TO IGNITE VAPOR SHOULD BE EXCLUDED FROM THOSE AREAS WHERE THE LIQ IS BEING STORED OR USED. STORAGE TANKS IN THE OPEN SHOULD BE BUNDED ... & A RAMPED SILL ... CONSTRUCTED AT DOORWAYS OF STOREROOMS ... PROCESS BUILDINGS ... & ... PLANT /CONSTRUCTED & SITED/...TO PREVENT /LIQ SPREAD/ ... . /KETONES/

10.0 [ppm]

75 [ppm]

500 [ppm]

3000 [ppm]

50 ppm (230 mg/m³)

TWA 50 ppm (230 mg/m3)

50.0 [ppm]

1000 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

1000.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the statements by Patty [1963] and Deichmann and Gerarde [1969] that 0 rats died following a 4­hour exposure to 2,000 ppm, but 6 of 6 rats died following a 4­hour exposure to 4,000 ppm [Smyth et al. 1949]. . . . Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.

1000 ppm

See: 106354

75.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 50 ppm; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 75 ppm.

50 ppm as TWA; 75 ppm as STEL.

50 ppm [1995]

75 ppm [1995]

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure could cause lowering of consciousness.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Ethyl butyl ketone:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift. (NIOSH, 2024)

Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection. Protective gloves. Safety goggles.

Appropriate protective equipment and good industrial hygiene practices should preclude injury to the skin and eyes, and the low volatility of ethyl n-butyl ketone should prevent injury due to inhalation of the vapors.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for 3-HEPTANONE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

NIOSH/OSHA

Up to 500 ppm:

(APF = 10) Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)*

(APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator*

Up to 1000 ppm:

(APF = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode*

(APF = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)*

(APF = 50) Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s)

(APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister

Ethyl butyl ketone is a colorless odorless liquid with a mild fruity odor. Flash point 140 °F.

Colorless liquid with a powerful, fruity odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

colourless, mobile liquid with a fruity, green, fatty odour

Colorless liquid with a fruity odor.

Colorless liquid with a powerful, fruity odor.

Clear liquid

Colorless liquid

GREEN ODOR

Powerful, fruity odor

MELON, BANANA FLAVOR

297 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

146.00 to 148.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

-38 °F (USCG, 1999)

-36.7 °C

115 °F (USCG, 1999)

115 °F (46 °C) (Open cup)

46 °C o.c.

115 °F (open cup)

(oc) 115 °F

1 % (NIOSH, 2024)

Slightyl soluble in carbon tetrachloride; miscible in ethanol, ether

In water, 4.3X10+3 mg/L at 20 °C

4.3 mg/mL at 20 °C

Solubility in water: poor

miscible with alcohol and ether; 1 ml in 70 ml water

(in ethanol)

0.818 (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8183 at 20 °C/4 °C

Bulk density: 6.8 lb/gal

Relative density (water = 1): 0.8

0.813-0.818

0.8198 @ 20°C

3.93 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.9

4 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

2.6 [mmHg]

2.6 mm Hg at 20 °C

Vapor pressure, Pa at 25 °C: 187

0.84 cP at 20 °C

Flammable.

Highly Flammable

ETHYL BUTYL KETONE is reactive with many acids and bases liberating heat and flammable gases (e.g., H2). The amount of heat may be sufficient to start a fire in the unreacted portion. Reacts with reducing agents such as hydrides, alkali metals, and nitrides to produce flammable gas (H2) and heat. Incompatible with isocyanates, aldehydes, cyanides, peroxides, and anhydrides. May react violently with aldehydes, HNO3, HNO3 + H2O2, and HClO4. Irritating vapors and toxic gases may be formed when involved in fire (USCG, 1999).

Forms explosive mixture with air. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde, perchloric acid. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.

Oxidizers, acetaldehyde, perchloric acid.

Oxidizers, acetaldehyde, perchloric acid

3-Heptanone

D*: Other compounds that may form peroxides

1 samples, 2 ppm Peroxide; &gt; 1 yr

Management of time-sensitive chemicals (JCHAS)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Dizziness. Headache. Sore throat. Unconsciousness.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness. Pain.

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; headache, narcosis, coma; dermatitis

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

LCLo (rat) = 2,000 ppm/4H

LD50 Rabbit skin >20 mL/kg/24 hr

LD50 Rat oral 2760 mg/kg

... Large multiple doses (1.5 g/kg/day, 5 days/week, 14 weeks) of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) given by gavage potentiated EBK (2 g/kg/day, 5 days/week for 14 weeks) neurotoxicity but 5-methyl-2-octanone did not. MEK modestly increased the urinary excretion of two neurotoxic gamma-diketones, 2,5-heptanedione, and 2,5-hexanedione, when MEK was given by gavage with EBK. When rats were exposed to EBK (700 ppm) and MEK (700 or 1400 ppm) in combination by inhalation exposure, serum 2,5-heptanedione levels were increased approximately 2.5 times. This effect was absent at MEK levels of 70 ppm. The serum from rats exposed to EBK or EBK/MEK combinations did not contain 2,5-hexanedione. ...

INHALATION. Symptoms: Cough. Dizziness. Headache. Sore throat. Unconsciousness. First aid: Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention. SKIN: Symptoms: Dry skin. Redness. First aid: Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. EYES: Symptoms: Redness. Pain. First aid: First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor. INGESTION: First aid: Rinse mouth. Rest. Refer for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Ketones and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . For contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Ketones and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ketones and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ACUTE LOCAL: IRRITANT 2. ACUTE SYSTEMIC: INGESTION 2; INHALATION 2. 2= MODERATE: MAY INVOLVE BOTH IRREVERSIBLE & REVERSIBLE CHANGES NOT SEVERE ENOUGH TO CAUSE DEATH OR PERMANENT INJURY.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Nervous system disturbances - /SRP: CNS Depression/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Harmful effects and symptoms: ... headaches ... coma; dermatitis.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Inhalation toxicity determinations are limited to 4 hr exposures of rats at 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm; at 2000 ppm, no rats died; at 4000 ppm all rats died. ...

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... Ethyl n-butyl ketone produced mild skin irritation in rabbits. ... ethyl n-butyl ketone applied undiluted to the intact or abraded skin of rabbits under an occlusive wrap for 24 hr was moderately irritating.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A single, 6 hr exposure to 5800 ppm ethyl n-butyl ketone killed all 3 rats exposed. 6 hr exposures to 420 & 3000 ppm did not produce death. Ataxia, prostration, & /cns depression/ ... Were seen @ the higher levels.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ RATED 3 ON RABBIT EYES. /TESTED EXTERNALLY ON EYES, RATED NUMERICALLY ON SCALE OF 1-10 ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF INJURY AFTER 24 HR, ESP TO CORNEA. MOST SEVERE INJURIES RATED 10./

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 3-HEPTANONE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The metabolism of ethyl n-butyl ketone (EBK) to neurotoxic diketones was studied in male Charles River rats exposed by inhalation to 0 or 700 ppm EBK (3 groups each of 5 animals/group) or to 700 ppm EBK with added exposure to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) at 70, 700 or 1400 ppm (1 group each with 5 animals/group) for four consecutive daily exposures of 20, 16, 16, and 20 hrs. The 4 exposures by inhalation to 700 ppm EBK resulted in mean serum 2,5-heptanedione (HPD) levels of 10 ug/ml. Four combined exposure to 700 ppm EBK and 700 or 1400 ppm produced a 2.5-fold increase in the serum concentration of HD. 2,5-Hexanedione (HXD) was not detected in serum following EBK or EBK/MEK exposure.

The metabolism of ethyl n-butyl ketone (EBK) to neurotoxic diketones was studied in male Charles River rats exposed 5 days/week for 14 weeks by gavage to EBK at dose levels of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 or 4 g/kg either alone or followed by 0.75 or 1.5 g MEK/kg or 1.5 g 5-methyl-2-octanone (MO) or nothing. Animals given 4 mg/kg EBK or 2 or 4 g EBK/kg in combination with MEK or MO developed central nervous system (CNS) depression and died after 1 or 2 doses. Nonchemical induced mortality (gavage pneumonitis was also observed at lower dose levels: 0 survivors at 1 g/kg EBK/0.75 k/kg MEK and 1 survivor at 0.5 and 0.25 g/kg EBK with 0.75 g/kg MEK and 0.5 g/kg EBK with 1.5 g/kg MEK. Both (2,5-heptanedione) (HPD) and 2,5-hexanedione (HXD) were excreted in the 48-hr urine samples from rats given 2 or 1 g/kg EBK or 1 g/kg EBK/1.5 kg MEK or MO. MEK but not MO appeared to increase both HPD and HXD excretion. Rats given 2 g/kg EBK or 1 g/kg EBK/1.5 g/kg MEK developed compound-related neuropathic lesions, including "giant" axonal neuropathy in the CNS and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS was more affected than the CNS. The most affected areas of the PNS were the tibial branches innervating the calf. Doses of 1 g/kg EBK or lower did not produce neurotoxicity.

3-Heptanone's production and use as a solvent for polyvinyl and nitrocellulose resins may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 3-Heptanone is released in natural emissions from forests. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 2.6 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates 3-heptanone will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-heptanone will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2 days. 3-Heptanone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 3-heptanone is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 44. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. 3-Heptanone may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. 3-Heptanone was biodegraded 3.7 % in 1 day using an activated sludge inoculum at 20 °C. If released into water, 3-heptanone is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 13 hours and 7.4 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 6 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to 3-heptanone may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-heptanone is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 3-heptanone via inhalation of ambient air and via ingestion of food and drinking water. (SRC)

3-Heptanone is released in emissions from forests(1).

3-Heptanone's production and use as a solvent for polyvinyl and nitrocellulose resins(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 44(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 3-heptanone is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 3-heptanone from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.6 mm Hg(4) and its water solubility(2). 3-Heptanone is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation of 3-heptanone may be expected based upon screeening aqueous biodegradation tests(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 44(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 3-heptanone is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.6 mm Hg(4) and its water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 13 hours and 7.4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 6(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation of 3-heptanone may be expected based upon screeening aqueous biodegradation tests(6).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 3-heptanone, which has a vapor pressure of 2.6 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-heptanone is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). 3-Heptanone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

AEROBIC: A 3.7 percent theoretical BOD was observed for 3-heptanone (initial concn of 500 ppm) in a Warburg respirometer after 1 day of incubation with activated sludge inocula at 20 °C(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3-heptanone with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 7.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 2 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 3-Heptanone is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). 3-Heptanone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(2).

An estimated BCF of 6 was calculated in fish for 3-heptanone(SRC), using a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of 3-heptanone is estimated as 44(SRC), using a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 3-heptanone is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 3-heptanone is estimated as 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 4,300 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 3-heptanone is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 13 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 7.4 days(SRC). 3-Heptanone's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 3-heptanone from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

DRINKING WATER: 3-Heptanone was qualitatively detected in drinking water samples collected from treatment facilities in Cincinnati, OH (Jan 14, 1980), Miami, FL (Feb 3, 1976), Ottumwa, IA (Sep 10, 1976), and Seattle, WA (November 5, 1976)(1).

3-Heptanone was qualitatively identified in advanced waste treatment water from Pomona, CA in October of 1974(1). 3-Heptanone was qualitatively identified in effluents from one Illinois Publicly Owned Treatment Work (POTW)(2). 3-Heptanone was qualitatively detected in raw effluent from a textile finishing plant(3). A section of a polyethylene pipe commonly used for distribution of drinking water was soaked in mineral water for 48 hours and 3-heptanone was qualitatively identified in the water(4).

RURAL/REMOTE: 3-Heptanone was qualitatively identified in air samples from a 45 year old spruce forest in Germany on January 11, 1988 at a height of 1 m(1).

3-Heptanone's production and use as a solvent for polyvinyl and nitrocellulose resins may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 3-Heptanone is released in natural emissions from forests. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 2.6 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates 3-heptanone will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-heptanone will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2 days. 3-Heptanone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 3-heptanone is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 44. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. 3-Heptanone may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. 3-Heptanone was biodegraded 3.7 % in 1 day using an activated sludge inoculum at 20 °C. If released into water, 3-heptanone is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 13 hours and 7.4 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 6 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to 3-heptanone may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-heptanone is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 3-heptanone via inhalation of ambient air and via ingestion of food and drinking water. (SRC)

3-Heptanone is released in emissions from forests(1).

3-Heptanone's production and use as a solvent for polyvinyl and nitrocellulose resins(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 44(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 3-heptanone is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 3-heptanone from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.6 mm Hg(4) and its water solubility(2). 3-Heptanone is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation of 3-heptanone may be expected based upon screeening aqueous biodegradation tests(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 44(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 3-heptanone is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.6 mm Hg(4) and its water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 13 hours and 7.4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 6(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation of 3-heptanone may be expected based upon screeening aqueous biodegradation tests(6).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 3-heptanone, which has a vapor pressure of 2.6 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-heptanone is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). 3-Heptanone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

AEROBIC: A 3.7 percent theoretical BOD was observed for 3-heptanone (initial concn of 500 ppm) in a Warburg respirometer after 1 day of incubation with activated sludge inocula at 20 °C(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3-heptanone with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 7.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 2 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 3-Heptanone is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). 3-Heptanone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(2).

An estimated BCF of 6 was calculated in fish for 3-heptanone(SRC), using a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of 3-heptanone is estimated as 44(SRC), using a water solubility of 4,300 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 3-heptanone is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 3-heptanone is estimated as 9.1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 4,300 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 3-heptanone is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 13 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 7.4 days(SRC). 3-Heptanone's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 3-heptanone from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

DRINKING WATER: 3-Heptanone was qualitatively detected in drinking water samples collected from treatment facilities in Cincinnati, OH (Jan 14, 1980), Miami, FL (Feb 3, 1976), Ottumwa, IA (Sep 10, 1976), and Seattle, WA (November 5, 1976)(1).

3-Heptanone was qualitatively identified in advanced waste treatment water from Pomona, CA in October of 1974(1). 3-Heptanone was qualitatively identified in effluents from one Illinois Publicly Owned Treatment Work (POTW)(2). 3-Heptanone was qualitatively detected in raw effluent from a textile finishing plant(3). A section of a polyethylene pipe commonly used for distribution of drinking water was soaked in mineral water for 48 hours and 3-heptanone was qualitatively identified in the water(4).

RURAL/REMOTE: 3-Heptanone was qualitatively identified in air samples from a 45 year old spruce forest in Germany on January 11, 1988 at a height of 1 m(1).

3-Heptanone is a volatile constituent of beef flavor(1) and frankfurters(2).

In a pilot study of pollutants in the breast milk of women living in 4 urban industrial areas in the USA, 3-heptanone was qualitatively identified in 4 of 12 samples(1). 3-Heptanone was found in 1 of 6, 1 of 5, and 2 of 12 breast milk samples from women living in Bayonne, NJ, Jersey City, NJ and Pittsburgh, PA, respectively(2). None of the 10 Baton Rouge, LA or 9 Charleston, WV breast milk samples contained 3-heptanone(2).

A German study in 1990 and 1991 of 113 people (ages 25-69), chosen from a group of 2500 to represent the population, gave personal atmospheric exposure to 3-heptanone in 53 samples an average of 1.7 ug/cu m and 60 samples were less than 0.7 ug/cu m(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 11,320 workers (1,164 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 3-heptanone in the US(1). Occupational exposure to 3-heptanone may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-heptanone is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 3-heptanone via inhalation of ambient air and via ingestion of food and drinking water(SRC).

IN INDUSTRIAL HANDLING, PRINCIPAL SOURCES OF EXPOSURE ARE THOSE OF INHALATION OF VAPORS & SKIN & EYE CONTACT.

EXPOSURE /TO N-BUTYL ETHYL KETONE/ IN THE INDUSTRIAL SETTING WOULD BE PRINCIPALLY BY INHALATION & BY SKIN & EYE CONTACT.

In a pilot study of pollutants in the breast milk of women living in 4 urban industrial areas in the USA, 3-heptanone was qualitatively identified in 4 of 12 samples(1). 3-Heptanone was found in 1 of 6, 1 of 5, and 2 of 12 breast milk samples from women living in Bayonne, NJ, Jersey City, NJ and Pittsburgh, PA, respectively(2). None of the 10 Baton Rouge, LA or 9 Charleston, WV breast milk samples contained 3-heptanone(2). 3-Heptanone was identified, not quantified in human urine samples(3).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

LARGE QUANTITIES CAN BE COLLECTED & ATOMIZED IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH AN APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE. ETHYL BUTYL KETONE SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO ENTER A CONFINED SPACE SUCH AS A SEWER, BECAUSE OF POSSIBILITY OF EXPLOSION.

Spray into a furnace. Incineration will become easier by mixing with a more flammable solvent.

Flammable Liquid

Symbol: Xn; R: 10-20-36; S: (2)-24

UN Hazard Class: 3