Propargyl bromide

H225 (92.5%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301 (94.3%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (20.8%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H315 (79.2%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319 (79.2%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335 (88.7%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P316, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 53 reports by companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Warning: Propargyl bromide is very toxic via the oral route, has corrosive effects, causes burns to skin and eyes, and is a strong lacrimating agent.

Signs and Symptoms of Propargyl Bromide Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to propargyl bromide may include irritation or burning of eyes, nose, throat, respiratory tract with potential chemical pneumonitis or pulmonary edema, esophageal, GI tract, and skin irritations or burns. Kidney and hepatic injury has occurred in animals following exposure to propargyl bromide.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to propargyl bromide may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to propargyl bromide.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.

4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to propargyl bromide.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas three times with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.

7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.

3. DO NOT induce vomiting.

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should not be given if victims are not conscious and alert.

7. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Do not get water inside container. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.

To extinguish fire use water, foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical. (EPA, 1998)

Fire Fighting Procedure: Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Use fine spray or fog to control fire by preventing its spread and absorbing some of its heat. Application of a water blanket may be effective for extinguishment. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Absorb the spill with paper towels. ... Place in hood to evaporate material.

Spill or leak procedures: Eliminate all ignition sources. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, and protect personnel. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal. Fire situations may require evacuation.

Dissolve in a combustible solvent. Scatter spray of solution into a furnace with afterburner and alkali scrubber.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use alcohol foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Unstabilized material should be stored like an explosive. If diluted, material should be stored like a flammable material. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from oxidizing materials. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquids storage warehouse, room, or cabinet.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

1.5 [mg/m3]

63 [mg/m3]

380 [mg/m3]

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Workplace Environmental Exposure Level (WEEL): 8-hr Time-weighted Average (TWA) 0.1 ppm, skin.

Tolerances are established for residues of inorganic bromides (calculated as Br) in or on the following raw agricultural commodities grown in soil fumigated with combinations of chloropicrin, methyl bromide, and propargyl bromide. No tolerances are established for chloropicrin since it has been established that no residue of this substance remains in the raw agricultural commodity: broccoli, 25 ppm; cauliflower, 25 ppm; eggplant, 60 ppm; muskmelon, 40 ppm; pepper, 25 ppm; pineapple, 25 ppm; strawberry, 25 ppm; and tomato 40 ppm.

Tolerances with regional registration, as defined in §180.1(n), are established for residues of inorganic bromides (calculated as Br) in or on the following raw agricultural commodities grown in soil fumigated with combinations of chloropicrin, methyl bromide, and propargyl bromide: asparagus, 300 ppm; lettuce, 300 ppm; and onion, dry bulb, 300 ppm.

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

Wear special protective clothing and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

Personnel Protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles.

3-bromopropyne appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid substance with a sharp odor. Flash point 65 °F. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. May be irritating to skin and eyes. Used to make other chemicals. It may decompose explosively with mild shock.

Colorless liquid with a pungent odor; [NJ-HSFS]

Colorless, crystalline

Sharp odor

190 to 194 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

-77.9 °F (EPA, 1998)

-61.07 °C

50 °F (EPA, 1998)

10.0 °C (closed cup); 18.0 °C (open cup)

Soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform

In water, 1.49X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C

1.564 to 1.57 (EPA, 1998)

1.579 g/cu cm at 19 °C

1.579 @ 19°C

4.1 (EPA, 1998) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

6.87 (Air = 1)

108.0 [mmHg]

Henry's Law constant = 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C

When /propargyl bromide/ is ... diluted, ... with 20-30% by weight of toluene, its explosive properties are practically eliminated.

615 °F (324 °C)

May be decomposed by mild shock. Decomposes when heated under confinement. Dilution with toluene reduces the explosive tendency of the material.

When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of /hydrogen bromide/.

[CAMEO] Odor threshold <2 ppm by volume

Index of refraction = 1.4922 at 20 °C

Freezing point = -61.07 °C

/Propargyl bromide/ is an acetylenic compound which may be decomposed by mild shock.

Coriolis coupling

Schoenflies notation

Centrifugal distortion

Chemical bond

Equilibrium structure

Internuclear distance

Molecular structure

Nuclear quadrupole coupling

Nuclear quadrupole moment

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy

Optical coefficient

Point group

Quadrupole coupling

Refractive index

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Alkynes, with Acetylenic Hydrogen

Highly Flammable

3-BROMOPROPYNE is soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and carbon disulfide. It is highly flammable and a dangerous fire risk, sensitive to shock. It is used in organic syntheses, preparation of resins and perfume intermediates [Hawley]. There is a high danger of formation of explosive metal acetylides, when this compound comes in contact with copper, high-copper alloys, mercury, or silver.

The aerated liquid may be ignited by pressure.

It can detonate when heated to 220 °C, by impact(especially when mixed with chloropicrin) or when heated while confined.

Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.

There is a danger of explosion in contact with copper, high copper alloys, mercury or silver (arising from metal acetylide formation).

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LD50 Rabbit oral 168 mg/kg

LD50 Dog oral 913 mg/kg

LD50 Guinea pig oral 29 ug/kg /SRP: mg/kg/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptomatology: 1. A. Inhalation, high vapor concn: gasping, refusal to breathe, coughing, substernal pain, and extreme respiratory distress at vapor concn over 1500 ppm. Irritation of eyes and upper respiratory mucosa appears promptly after exposure to concentrated vapors. Lacrimation and headache are prominent. Coma may occur rapidly. B. Inhalation, low vapor concentrations: Central nervous depression and moderate irritation of respiratory system. Headache is frequent. /Dichloropropenes/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptomatology: 2. Dermal: Severe skin irritation with marked inflammatory response of epidermis and underlying tissues. 3. Oral: Acute gastrointestinal distress with pulmonary congestion and edema. Central nervous depression, perhaps even in the absence of impaired oxygen uptake. 4. By any route, possible late injuries to liver, kidneys and heart. 5. After inhalation exposures, malaise, headache, chest and abdominal discomfort and irritability have been reported to persist for several years. /Dichloropropenes/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Vapors and liquid are corrosive toward skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.

/Propargyl bromide/ vapors are very toxic.

3-Bromopropyne (CAS # 106-96-7) was evaluated for acute oral toxicity. The test substance was administer by oral gavage to rats (dosage, sex, number of rats, and strain was not reported). The LD50 was determined to be 0.067 g/kg. No further information was submitted.

3-Bromopropyne (CAS # 106-96-7) was evaluated for acute oral toxicity. The test substance was administer by oral gavage to guinea pigs (dosage, sex, number of guinea pigs, and strain was not reported). The LD50 was determined to be 0.029 g/kg. No further information was submitted.

3-Bromopropyne (CAS # 106-96-7) was evaluated for acute inhalation toxicity. Number of rats and strain were not reported. All of the rats exposed to 1000 ppm for 1 hour, 200 ppm for 4 hours, and 120 ppm for 7 hours died. All rats exposed to 1000 ppm for 0.2 hours, 200 ppm for 0.5 hours, and 120 ppm for 2 hours survived. Vapor inhalation of test substance is considered irritating and under the above conditions caused slight liver and kidney injury. No further information was submitted.

3-Bromo-1-propyne's production and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; former production and use as a soil fumigant may have resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 3-bromo-1-propyne will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-bromo-1-propyne will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 days. 3-Bromo-1-propyne does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to have very high mobility based upon Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. 3-Bromo-1-propyne may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation in soil is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days). It has been proposed that the alkylation of soil organic matter is the primary degradation process for 3-bromo-1-propyne in soil. If released into water, 3-bromo-1-propyne is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the Koc values. No biodegradation data for water systems were available. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 5 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to undergo hydrolysis based on measured half-lives of 64 and 47 days at 22 and 25 °C, respectively. Occupational exposure to 3-bromo-1-propyne may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-bromo-1-propyne is produced or used. (SRC)

3-Bromo-1-propyne's production and use as a chemical intermediate(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its former production and use as a soil fumigant(1) may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3(2) indicate that 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 3-bromo-1-propyne from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg(SRC), calculated using a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and the Henry's Law constant(2). Biodegradation in soil is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days)(2,3,4). It has been proposed that the alkylation of soil organic matter is the primary degradation process for 3-bromo-1-propyne in soil(2-4).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 310 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in autoclaved Arlington sand loam, nonautoclaved Arlington sand loam, autoclaved Linne clay loam, and nonautoclaved Linne clay loam were 0.065, 0.056, 0.20, and 0.20 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 11, 12, 3.5, and 3.5 days, respectively(1). The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 20 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Arlington sandy loam, Carsitas loamy sand, and Linne clay loam were 0.18, 0.57, and 0.39 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 3.9, 1.2, and 1.8 days, respectively(2). Measured rate constants for this substance (20 mg/kg) in nonsterile Arlington sandy loam, Carsitas loamy sand, and Linne clay loam were 0.14, 0.46, and 0.48 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 5.0, 1.5, and 1.4 days, respectively(2). Half-lives determined from first-order degradation rate constants for 0.7 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Coachella fine sand, Arlington sandy loam, Chualar loam, and Florida muck were 2.4, 2.4, 1.0, and 0.37 days, respectively at an inital concentration of 0.7 mg/kg; 3.2, 4.6, 3.0, and 0.71 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 7 mg/kg; and 6.3, 6.9, 3.5, and 1.2 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 70 mg/kg(3). Half-lives determined from first-order degradation rate constants for 0.7 mg/kg propargyl bromide in non-sterile Coachella fine sand, Arlington sandy loam, Chualar loam, and Florida muck were 3.5, 0.39, 0.36, and 0.046 days, respectively at an inital concentration of 0.7 mg/kg; 4.1, 3.6, 2.8, and 0.43 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 7 mg/kg; and 8.7, 7.7, 4.6, and 1.1 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 70 mg/kg(3).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3(2), indicate that 3-bromo-1-propyne is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(5), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to undergo hydrolysis based on measured half-lives of 64 and 47 days at 22 and 25 °C, respectively(2,6). Biodegradation in water is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days)(2,6,7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 3-bromo-1-propyne, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), calculated from a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mol(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-bromo-1-propyne is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.6X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Propargyl bromide does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Biodegradation of 3-bromo-1-propyne is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives measured for this substance in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days)(1-3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3-bromo-1-propyne with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.6X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A hydrolysis half-life of 47 days at 25 °C was calculated for 3-bromo-1-propyne using a rate constant (not reported) determined from measurements at temperatures between 2 and 40 °C(2). A hydrolysis half-life of 64 days at 22 °C has also been measured for this substance(3). The hydrolysis products observed during this reaction were propargyl hydroxide and bromide ion(3). 3-Bromo-1-propyne does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 310 mg/kg propargyl bromide in autoclaved Arlington sand loam and Linne clay loam were 0.065 and 0.20 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 11 and 3.5 days, respectively(1). The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 20 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Arlington sandy loam, Carsitas loamy sand, and Linne clay loam were 0.18, 0.57, and 0.39 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 3.9, 1.2, and 1.8 days, respectively(2). Half-lives determined from first-order degradation rate constants for 0.7 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Coachella fine sand, Arlington sandy loam, Chualar loam, and Florida muck were 2.4, 2.4, 1.0, and 0.37 days, respectively at an inital concentration of 0.7 mg/kg; 3.2, 4.6, 3.0, and 0.71 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 7 mg/kg; and 6.3, 6.9, 3.5, and 1.2 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 70 mg/kg(3). It has been proposed that the primary degradation process for 3-bromo-1-propyne in soil is the alkylation of soil organic matter(1-3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for 3-bromo-1-propyne(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3 were determined for 3-bromo-1-propyne in Linne clay loam (Kd = 0.033, 2.99% organic matter) and Arlington sandy loam (Kd = 0.049, 0.93% organic matter), respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these Koc values suggest that 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 3-bromo-1-propyne is 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5 days(SRC). 3-Bromo-1-propyne's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg(SRC), calculated using a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and its Henry's Law constant(2).

DRINKING WATER: 3-Bromo-1-propyne was listed among chemicals that have been detected in drinking water collected from Europe and the United States(1). However, neither concentration data nor frequency of detection were reported(1).

Occupational exposure to 3-bromo-1-propyne may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-bromo-1-propyne is produced or used. (SRC)

3-Bromo-1-propyne's production and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; former production and use as a soil fumigant may have resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 3-bromo-1-propyne will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-bromo-1-propyne will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 days. 3-Bromo-1-propyne does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to have very high mobility based upon Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. 3-Bromo-1-propyne may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation in soil is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days). It has been proposed that the alkylation of soil organic matter is the primary degradation process for 3-bromo-1-propyne in soil. If released into water, 3-bromo-1-propyne is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the Koc values. No biodegradation data for water systems were available. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 5 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to undergo hydrolysis based on measured half-lives of 64 and 47 days at 22 and 25 °C, respectively. Occupational exposure to 3-bromo-1-propyne may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-bromo-1-propyne is produced or used. (SRC)

3-Bromo-1-propyne's production and use as a chemical intermediate(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; its former production and use as a soil fumigant(1) may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3(2) indicate that 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 3-bromo-1-propyne from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg(SRC), calculated using a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and the Henry's Law constant(2). Biodegradation in soil is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days)(2,3,4). It has been proposed that the alkylation of soil organic matter is the primary degradation process for 3-bromo-1-propyne in soil(2-4).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 310 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in autoclaved Arlington sand loam, nonautoclaved Arlington sand loam, autoclaved Linne clay loam, and nonautoclaved Linne clay loam were 0.065, 0.056, 0.20, and 0.20 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 11, 12, 3.5, and 3.5 days, respectively(1). The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 20 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Arlington sandy loam, Carsitas loamy sand, and Linne clay loam were 0.18, 0.57, and 0.39 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 3.9, 1.2, and 1.8 days, respectively(2). Measured rate constants for this substance (20 mg/kg) in nonsterile Arlington sandy loam, Carsitas loamy sand, and Linne clay loam were 0.14, 0.46, and 0.48 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 5.0, 1.5, and 1.4 days, respectively(2). Half-lives determined from first-order degradation rate constants for 0.7 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Coachella fine sand, Arlington sandy loam, Chualar loam, and Florida muck were 2.4, 2.4, 1.0, and 0.37 days, respectively at an inital concentration of 0.7 mg/kg; 3.2, 4.6, 3.0, and 0.71 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 7 mg/kg; and 6.3, 6.9, 3.5, and 1.2 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 70 mg/kg(3). Half-lives determined from first-order degradation rate constants for 0.7 mg/kg propargyl bromide in non-sterile Coachella fine sand, Arlington sandy loam, Chualar loam, and Florida muck were 3.5, 0.39, 0.36, and 0.046 days, respectively at an inital concentration of 0.7 mg/kg; 4.1, 3.6, 2.8, and 0.43 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 7 mg/kg; and 8.7, 7.7, 4.6, and 1.1 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 70 mg/kg(3).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3(2), indicate that 3-bromo-1-propyne is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(5), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to undergo hydrolysis based on measured half-lives of 64 and 47 days at 22 and 25 °C, respectively(2,6). Biodegradation in water is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days)(2,6,7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 3-bromo-1-propyne, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), calculated from a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and a Henry's Law constant of 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mol(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-bromo-1-propyne is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.6X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Propargyl bromide does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Biodegradation of 3-bromo-1-propyne is not expected to compete with chemical degradation processes based on similar half-lives measured for this substance in sterile soil (0.37-11 days) and nonsterile soil (0.046-12 days)(1-3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3-bromo-1-propyne with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.6X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A hydrolysis half-life of 47 days at 25 °C was calculated for 3-bromo-1-propyne using a rate constant (not reported) determined from measurements at temperatures between 2 and 40 °C(2). A hydrolysis half-life of 64 days at 22 °C has also been measured for this substance(3). The hydrolysis products observed during this reaction were propargyl hydroxide and bromide ion(3). 3-Bromo-1-propyne does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 310 mg/kg propargyl bromide in autoclaved Arlington sand loam and Linne clay loam were 0.065 and 0.20 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 11 and 3.5 days, respectively(1). The measured first-order degradation rate constants for 20 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Arlington sandy loam, Carsitas loamy sand, and Linne clay loam were 0.18, 0.57, and 0.39 per day, respectively, which correspond to half-lives of 3.9, 1.2, and 1.8 days, respectively(2). Half-lives determined from first-order degradation rate constants for 0.7 mg/kg 3-bromo-1-propyne in sterile Coachella fine sand, Arlington sandy loam, Chualar loam, and Florida muck were 2.4, 2.4, 1.0, and 0.37 days, respectively at an inital concentration of 0.7 mg/kg; 3.2, 4.6, 3.0, and 0.71 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 7 mg/kg; and 6.3, 6.9, 3.5, and 1.2 days, respectively at an initial concentration of 70 mg/kg(3). It has been proposed that the primary degradation process for 3-bromo-1-propyne in soil is the alkylation of soil organic matter(1-3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for 3-bromo-1-propyne(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Koc values of 1.1 and 5.3 were determined for 3-bromo-1-propyne in Linne clay loam (Kd = 0.033, 2.99% organic matter) and Arlington sandy loam (Kd = 0.049, 0.93% organic matter), respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these Koc values suggest that 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 3-bromo-1-propyne is 1.13X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 3-bromo-1-propyne is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5 days(SRC). 3-Bromo-1-propyne's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 3-Bromo-1-propyne is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 108 mm Hg(SRC), calculated using a water solubility of 1.49X10+4 mg/L(2) and its Henry's Law constant(2).

DRINKING WATER: 3-Bromo-1-propyne was listed among chemicals that have been detected in drinking water collected from Europe and the United States(1). However, neither concentration data nor frequency of detection were reported(1).

Occupational exposure to 3-bromo-1-propyne may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 3-bromo-1-propyne is produced or used. (SRC)

Dissolve in a combustible solvent. Scatter spray of solution into a furnace with afterburner and alkali scrubber.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 130: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 3-BROMO-1-PROPYNE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2345; 3-Bromopropyne

IMO 3.2; 3-Bromopropyne

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid