1,2-dichloroethane

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H304 (37.4%): May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]

H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331 (46.4%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (100%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H350 (100%): May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P331, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 666 reports by companies from 29 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P331, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H313: May be harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P302+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P331, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Administration of oxygen may be needed. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer immediately for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Soap wash promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Do not extinguish until release can be stopped. Cool fire-exposed containers with water staying clear of tank ends.

For more Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Small Spill

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

Environmental considerations- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.

Environmental considerations- water spill: Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U077 and D028, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Waste must never be discharged into sewers or surface waters. Contaminated porous surfaces (sand, vemiculite, etc) should be disposed of at a waste management facility. Recovered liquids may be reprocessed, incinerated, or treated at a waste management facility.

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (20 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.

Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Use explosion-proof equipment. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.

Appropriate engineering controls: Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (21 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Dry. Well closed. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Storage class (TRGS 510): 3: Flammable liquids.

Store in a flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet away from ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials. Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Before entering confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from oxidizers (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, and nitrates), strong acids (such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric), chemically active metals (such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, and zinc), strong caustics (such as sodium hydroxide), and dimethylaminopropylamine since violent reactions occur. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Store in a cool, dry well ventilated location. Separate from oxidizing materials, aluminum, ammonia.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

50 [ppm]

200 [ppm]

300 [ppm]

1 ppm (4 mg/m³)

2 ppm (8 mg/m³)

Ca TWA 1 ppm (4 mg/m3) ST 2 ppm (8 mg/m3) See Appendix ASee Appendix C (Chloroethanes)

50.0 [ppm], Ceiling(OSHA) = 100 ppm (200 ppm for 5-min peak in any 3 hrs)

50 ppm (200 mg/m³)

100 ppm [5 min any 3 hrs]; 200 ppm (Peak)

TWA 50 ppm C 100 ppm 200 ppm [5-minute maximum peak in any 3 hours] See Appendix G

50 ppm ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024)

50.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: The chosen IDLH is based on the maximum time­concentration in air of 1,000 ppm which was survived by female rats for 1.5 hours.

NIOSH considers 1,2-dichloroethane to be a potential occupational carcinogen. [50 ppm].

Ca [50 ppm]

See: 107062

10.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 10 ppm.

Peak Exposure Recommendation: Transient increases in workers' exposure levels may exceed 3 times the value of the TLV-TWA level for no more than 15 minutes at a time, on no more than 4 occasions spaced 1 hour apart during a workday, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the value of the TLV-TWA level. In addition, the 8-hour TWA is not to be exceeded for an 8-hour work period.

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

10 ppm as TWA; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen).

10 ppm [1977]

8.2 mg/m

skin absorption (H); carcinogen category: 2.

Chronic Inhalation: 0.6 ppm (L134)

Intermediate Oral: 0.2 mg/kg/day (L134)

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Ethylene dichloride appears as a clear colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor. Flash point 56 °F. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Density 10.4 lb / gal.

Liquid; Gas Vapor

Colorless liquid with a pleasant, chloroform-like odor. [Note: Decomposes slowly, becomes acidic & darkens in color.] [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS VISCOUS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR. TURNS DARK ON EXPOSURE TO AIR, MOISTURE AND LIGHT.

Colorless liquid with a pleasant, chloroform-like odor.

Colorless liquid with a pleasant, chloroform-like odor. [Note: Decomposes slowly, becomes acidic & darkens in color.]

Heavy liquid

Clear, colorless, oily liquid

Clear liquid at ambient temperatures

Colorless liquid [Note: Decomposes slowly, becomes acidic & darkens in color]

Colorless, oily liquid

Pleasant, chloroform-like

Pleasant odor

Chloroform-like odor

Sweet taste

182.3 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

83.00 to 84.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

83.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-31.5 °F (NTP, 1992)

-35.6 °C

-35.3 °C

-35.7 °C

56 °F (NTP, 1992)

13.0 °C (55.4 °F) - closed cup - Tested according to Annex V of Directive 67/548/EEC.

56 °F (13 °C) - closed cup

65 °F (18 °C) - open cup.

13 °C c.c.

5 to 10 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)

In water, 8,600 mg/L at 25 °C

Solubility in water at 20 °C: 0.86% wt

0.869 g/100 mL water at 20 °C

Miscible with alcohol, chloroform, ether

For more Solubility (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

8.6 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml: 0.87

1.253 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.2454 at 25 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.2

1.2454 @25 °C

3.4 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

Highly flammable. Slightly water soluble.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Highly Flammable

Liquid ammonia and ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE can cause an explosion when mixed, NFPA 491M, 1991. A tank of dimethyl amino propyl amine exploded violently when it reacted with wet ethylene dichloride which had been the tank's previous contents [Doyle 1973]. Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as ethylene dichloride, are moderately or very reactive. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. Materials in this group are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, epoxides, aluminum

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents.

Violent reaction with aluminum, dinitrogen tetroxide, ammonia, dimethylaminopropylamine. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials and emit vinyl chloride and hydrochloric acid.

Orthodichlorobenzene had been mixed with ethylene dichloride and propylene dichloride. This mixture dissolved the oxide coating from the aluminum containing vessel. Subsequent reaction between the aluminum vessel and the chlorinated olefins caused rupture of the vessel.

Liquid ammonia and ethylene dichloride can cause an explosion when mixed.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Strong oxidizers & caustics; chemically-active metals such as magnesium or aluminum powder, sodium & potassium; liquid ammonia [Note: Decomposes to vinyl chloride & HCl above 1112 °F.]

CDC-ATSDR Toxicological Profile

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 1,2-Dichloroethane is a colorless, oily liquid. It is used in production of vinyl chloride, trichloroethylene, vinylidene chloride, and trichloroethane. It is also used as lead scavenger in antiknock gasoline, paint, varnish, and finish removers, metal degreasing, soaps and scouring compounds, wetting and penetrating agents, ore flotation, and as a solvent. HUMAN STUDIES: Acute incidental exposure to 1,2-dichloroethane by inhalation or ingestion has resulted in a variety of effects in humans, including effects on the central nervous system, liver, kidney, lung and cardiovascular system. The respiratory effects exhibited by individuals who died following acute oral exposure to 1,2-dichloroethane included congestion, pulmonary edema (at 570 mg/kg/day) and bronchitis. Ingestion of >/= 570 mg/kg/day of 1,2-dichloroethane resulted in severe hepatocellular damage and liver atrophy and necrosis. The potential carcinogenicity of 1,2-dichloroethane in exposed human populations has not been extensively investigated. It induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary cultures of human cells and gene mutation in several cell lines. Mutation frequency in human cell lines has been correlated with differences in glutathione-S-transferase activity. ANIMAL STUDIES: The acute toxicity of 1,2-dichloroethane is low in experimental animals. The results of short-term and subchronic studies in several species of experimental animals indicate that the liver and kidneys are the target organs. Morphological changes in the liver were observed in several species following subchronic exposure to airborne concentrations. Increases in the relative liver weight have been observed in rats following subchronic oral administration. The carcinogenicity of 1,2-dichloroethane has been investigated in a bioassays on experimental animals and significant increases were not reported in the incidence of any type of tumor in rats or mice exposed by by inhalation. There was a non-significant increase in the incidence of mammary gland adenomas and fibroadenomas in female rats exposed by inhalation. In contrast, there was convincing evidence of increases in tumor incidence in two species following ingestion. Significant increases in the incidence of tumors at several sites (including squamous cell carcinomas of the stomach (males), hemangiosarcomas (males and females), fibromas of the subcutaneous tissue (males), adenocarcinomas and fibroadenomas of the mammary gland (females)) were observed in rats administered daily doses by gavage. Similar increases in the incidences of tumors at multiple sites (including alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas (males and females), mammary gland adenocarcinomas (females) and endometrial stromal polyp or endometrial stromal sarcoma combined (females) and hepatocellular carcinomas (males)) occurred in mice administered daily doses by gavage. The incidence of lung tumors (benign papillomas) was significantly increased in female mice following repeated dermal application of 1,2-dichloroethane. Concomitant exposure to inhaled 1,2-dichloroethane and disulfiram in the diet resulted in an increased incidence of intrahepatic bile duct cholangiomas and cysts, subcutaneous fibromas, hepatic neoplastic nodules, interstitial cell tumors in the testes and mammary adenocarcinomas in rats, compared to rats administered either compound alone or untreated controls. No potential to initiate or promote tumor development was evident. In in vitro assays, 1,2-dichloroethane has been consistently positive in mutagenicity bioassays in Salmonella typhimurium. In cultured mammalian cells, 1,2-dichloroethane forms adducts with DNA. It also induces unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary cultures of rodent cells and gene mutation in several cell lines. There is no evidence that 1,2-dichloroethane is teratogenic in experimental animals. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: In Chlorella pyrenoidosa the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased with the increasing concentration of 1,2-dichloroethane. An increase in mutation frequency was reported in barley (Hordeum vuigare) when kernels were treated for 24 hrs at 20 °C with 30.3 mM 1,2-dichloroethane.

1,2-Dichloroethane is metabolized to 2-chloroacetaldehyde, S-(2-chloroethyl)glutathione by conjugation with glutathione, and to other putative reactive intermediates capable of binding covalently to cellular macromolecules in the liver, kidney, and other tissues. The conjugation of 1,2-dichloroethane with glutathione is catalyzed primarily by glutathione S-transferases. 1,2-Dichloroethane appears to be activated to mutagenic species to a lesser extent by the hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzyme system. Reactive metabolites of 1,2-dichloroethane produced by hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 can bind to cellular proteins and DNA. It has been suggested that 1,2-dichloroethane-induced toxicity occurs when the biotransformation processes are saturated, thereby allowing higher levels of 1,2-dichloroethane to circulate throughout the body and conjugate with glutathione instead of being detoxified and eliminated. (L156, A113)

1,2-Dichloroethane

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) (Pesticide/Volatile Organic Compound (VOC))

Smith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP

Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of 1,2-dichloroethane. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of 1,2-dichloroethane. Overall evaluation: 1,2-Dichloroethane is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).

CLASSIFICATION: B2; probable human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on the induction of several tumor types in rats and mice treated by gavage and lung papillomas in mice after topical application. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None.

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

1,2-Dichloroethane is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 20: (1979) Some Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Volume Sup 7: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42, 1987; 440 pages; ISBN 92-832-1411-0 (out of print)

Volume 71: (1999) Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3)

TR-055: Bioassay of 1,2-Dichloroethane for Possible Carcinogenicity (CASRN 107-06-2) (1978 )

03/06/78

Clear Evidence

Under the conditions of this study, 1,2-dichloroethane was carcinogenic to Osborne-Mendel rats, causing squamous-cell carcinomas of the forestomach, hemangiosarcomas, and subcutaneous fibromas in male rats and causing mammary adenocarcinomas in female rats. This compound was also found to be carcinogenic to B6C3F1 mice, causing mammary adenocarcinomas and endometrial tumors in female mice, and causing alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas in mice of both sexes.

2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Breathing or swallowing large amounts of 1,2-dichloroethane can produce nervous system disorders, kidney diseases, or lung effects. This can also lead to heart failure. Skin lesions and benign pulmonary tumors were reported in animals exposed dermally to liquid 1,2-dichloroethane. 1,2-dichloroethane can cause death from cardiac arrhythmia, bronchitis, hemorrhagic gastritis and colitis, hepatocellular damage, renal tubular necrosis and calcification, central nervous system depression, and histological changes in brain tissue after a sufficient single oral dose. (L156)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption, skin and/or eye contact

Oral (L157); inhalation (L157) ; dermal (L157)

Sore throat. Nausea. Vomiting. Cough. Headache. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Unconsciousness.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness.

Redness. Pain.

See Inhalation.

irritation eyes, corneal opacity; central nervous system depression; nausea, vomiting; dermatitis; liver, kidney, cardiovascular system damage; [potential occupational carcinogen]

1,2-Dichloroethane exposure causes abdominal pain, coughing, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, sore throat, diarrhea, unconsciousness, and vomiting, depending on the contact surface and the intensity. Redness of the eyes or skin occurs upon contact. (L157)

Cancer, Developmental (effects while organs are developing), Gastrointestinal (Stomach and Intestines, part of the digestive system), Hepatic (Liver), Immunological (Immune System), Neurological (Nervous System), Ocular (Eyes), Renal (Urinary System or Kidneys), Reproductive (Producing Children)

Eyes, skin, kidneys, liver, central nervous system, cardiovascular system

[in animals: forestomach, mammary gland & circulatory sys cancer]

Chemical: ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Occupational hepatotoxin - Primary hepatotoxins: the toxic effect to the liver is the principal adverse effect of the chemical.

Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 3: Chemicals are not classifiable by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

NTP Carcinogen - Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (water flea); Concentration: 218,000 ug/L for 48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: Mysid shrimp; Concentration: 113,000 ug/L for 96 hr in salt water /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: Gammarus fasciatus (Scud) mature; Conditions: static bioassay; Concentration: >100 mg/L for 96 hr at 21 °C

LC50; Species: Pteronarcys (Stonefly) second year class; Conditions: static bioassay, 15 °C; Concentration: >100 mg/L for 96 hr

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Formation of DNA adducts by reactive chemicals or their metabolites are often a precursor of mutagenesis and other adverse effects. Studies in juvenile channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were conducted to determine the dose-response, kinetics of formation, and persistence of S-[2-(N7-guanyl)ethyl]glutathione hepatic-DNA adducts following a 4-hr in vivo aqueous exposure to ethylene dichloride(EDC) at several dose levels. S-[2-(N7-guanyl)ethyl] glutathione adducts were detectable in liver tissue after 2 hr of exposure and were still detectable three weeks after a single pulse exposure (detection limit=approximately 10 fmol, approximately 1 DNA adduct in 10(7) bases). Pretreatment of catfish with the glutathione-depleting agent diethylmaleate significantly reduced the level of tissue glutathione levels and, as a result, DNA adducts were not detected in pretreated fish. Catfish may serve as a useful sentinel species for detecting DNA-reactive chemicals in aquatic systems.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The responses of 27 organic compounds, mainly chloromethanes, -ethanes, -ethenes, and -phenols, were investigated by exposing rainbow trout fingerlings to low microgram-per-liter concentrations in a darkened flow-through system for up to 1 hr. Responses by the fish were followed continuously by observing ventilation rates (frequency and amplitude), swimming patterns, and general activity using the low-voltage electric fields generated by the fishes' activity. The lowest level of response was found for trichloroethylene at 5 ug/L. Dichloromethane, 1,1- and 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,1- and 1,1,2-trichloroethane, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,3-dichloropropene, and allyl acetate were responded to at concentrations of 10 ug/L, carbon tetrachloride at 15 ug/L, and 4-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol at levels of 30 ug/L. Unsubstituted phenol was not responded to at levels of up to 50 ug/L.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The acute toxic and biochemical effects of dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane to Chlorella pyrenoidosa were assessed. The experimental results showed that dichloromethane and 1, 2-dichloroethane had some inhibition to growth of the algae. With increasing concentration of the organic toxicant, the cell density decreased. The 96 hr-EC50 of dichloromethane to Chlorella pyrenoidosa was 550.1 mg/L; the 96 hr-EC50 of 1,2-dichloroethane to Chlorella pyrenoidosa was 276.0 mg/L, toxicity of 1,2-dichloroethane is a little stronger than that of dichloromethane; the joint toxicity of two organic toxicants was showed as antagonism. Content of chlorophyll a, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in algae had been significantly affected under the organic toxicant exposure. The activities of SOD and CAT were increased at first and then decreased remarkably with the increasing concentration of the organic toxicant, showed as "Bell Shaped Curve". The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) flared up and lipid peroxidant aggregated with the increasing concentration of the organic toxicant. The results suggested that the primary mechanism of two organic toxicants on Chlorella pyrenoidosa cells may be related to oxidation damage of lipid and other biological large molecules caused by dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane.

/PLANTS/ Harmful to plants, retarding growth and development along with seedling development. Induces morphological and chlorophyll mutations, resulting in necrosis and atrophy, in some cases.

/PLANTS/ ... An increase in mutation frequency /was reported/ in barley (Hordeum vuigare) when kernels were treated for 24 hrs at 20 °C with 30.3 mM 1,2-dichloroethane.

4.60e-01

2.00e+00

1.10e-01

4.70e-01

1.70e-01

5.00e+00

1.40e-03

9.10e-02

6.00e-03

7.00e-03

Volatile

2.98e+03

4.60e+01

2.00e+02

1.10e+01

4.70e+01

1.70e+01

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

1,2-Dichloroethane's production and use as a chemical intermediate, in soaps, as a lead scavenger and solvent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 78.9 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 1,2-dichloroethane will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-dichloroethane will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 65 days. 1,2-Dichloroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. The tropospheric half-life of 1,2-dichloroethane in England has been reported as 17 weeks. If released to soil, 1,2-dichloroethane is expected to have very high mobility based upon a Koc of 33. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.18X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. 1,2-Dichloroethane may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 0% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 2 weeks indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil. If released into water, 1,2-dichloroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the Koc. 1,2-Dichloroethane was 0% degraded after 21 days in the modified shake flask test, suggesting that biodegradation is not expected to be an important environmental fate process in water. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 4 days, respectively. A BCF of 2, measured in fish, suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected based on an approximated hydrolysis half-life of 50,000 years. Occupational exposure to 1,2-dichloroethane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1,2-dichloroethane is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to 1,2-dichloroethane via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with consumer products containing 1,2-dichloroethane. (SRC)

1,2-Dichloroethane is not known to occur as a natural product(1).

1,2-Dichloroethane's production and use as a chemical intermediate, in soaps, as a lead scavenger and solvent(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Its former use as a fumigant(1) may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC). Chlorination of water does not appear to contribute to 1,2-dichloroethane in drinking water(2).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value of 33(2), indicates that 1,2-dichloroethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-dichloroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.18X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(3). 1,2-Dichloroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 78.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). A 0% of Theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(5) suggests that biodegradation is not expected in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value of 33(2), indicates that 1,2-dichloroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.18X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 4 days, respectively(SRC). 1,2-Dichloroethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis based on an approximated hydrolysis half-life of 50,000 years(5). According to a classification scheme(6), a reported BCF of 2(7), measured in fish, suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. 1,2-Dichloroethane was 0% degraded after 21 days in the modified shake flask test(8), suggesting that biodegradation is not expected to be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,2-dichloroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 78.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-dichloroethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 65 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.48X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). 1,2-Dichloroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). The tropospheric half-life of 1,2-dichloroethane in England has been reported as 17 weeks(5).

AEROBIC: Biodegradability tests with 1,2-dichloroethane resulted in little or no biodegradation in aerobic systems using sewage seed or activated sludge(1-5). 1,2-Dichloroethane, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0% of its Theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(1). 1,2-Dichloroethane was 0% degraded after 21 days in the modified shake flask test(2). The percent BOD produced in 5-10 days was 0-7%(3-5). Another investigator reported slow to moderate biodegradation activity(6). In a bioreactor study using microbial consortia enriched from subsurface sediments contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons, a mixed-organic waste containing 21 ug/L of 1,2-dichloroethane was degraded to <5 ug/L after a 21 day run(7).

ANAEROBIC: No degradation of 1,2-dichloroethane occurred in an acclimated anaerobic system after 4 months incubation(1). The attenuation rate constant in a groundwater plume for 1,2-dichloroethane was 0.27/yr based on a study at the West KL Avenue Landfill, Kalamazoo, MI via the use of vertical profile sampling of monitoring wells on the site(2).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1,2-dichloroethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 2.48X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 65 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The tropospheric half-life of 1,2-dichloroethane in England has been reported as 17 weeks(2). 1,2-Dichloroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). 1,2-Dichloroethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis based on an approximated hydrolysis half-life of 50,000 years(4). Although firm experimental data are lacking, the photo-oxidation of 1,2-dichloroethane in water is expected to be slow(2).

A BCF of 2 was measured for 1,2-dichloroethane in bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc for 1,2-dichloroethane is 33(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-dichloroethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). 1,2-Dichloroethane percolates rapidly through sandy soil(3).

The Henry's Law constant for 1,2-dichloroethane is 1.18X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1,2-dichloroethane is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4 days(SRC). 1,2-Dichloroethane's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 1,2-dichloroethane from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 78.9 mm Hg(3).

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U077 and D028, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Waste must never be discharged into sewers or surface waters. Contaminated porous surfaces (sand, vemiculite, etc) should be disposed of at a waste management facility. Recovered liquids may be reprocessed, incinerated, or treated at a waste management facility.

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (20 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 131 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Ethylene dichloride/

/GUIDE 131 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Ethylene dichloride/

/GUIDE 131 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Ethylene dichloride/

/GUIDE 131 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Ethylene dichloride/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 1,2-Dichloroethane (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1184; Ethylene dichloride

IMO 3; Ethylene dichloride

49 091 66; Ethylene dichloride

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Ethylene dichloride is included on the dangerous goods list. /Ethylene dichloride/

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Ethylene dichloride is included on the dangerous goods list. /Ethylene dichloride/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Procurement ... of unduly large amt ... should be avoided. To avoid spilling, carcinogens should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampoules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top container that will not open when dropped & will resist attack from the carcinogen. Both bottle & the outside container should be appropriately labelled. ... National post offices, railway companies, road haulage companies & airlines have regulations governing transport of hazardous materials. These authorities should be consulted before ... material is shipped. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When no regulations exist, the following procedure must be adopted. The carcinogen should be enclosed in a securely sealed, watertight container (primary container), which should be enclosed in a second, unbreakable, leakproof container that will withstand chem attack from the carcinogen (secondary container). The space between primary & secondary container should be filled with absorbent material, which would withstand chem attack from the carcinogen & is sufficient to absorb the entire contents of the primary container in the event of breakage or leakage. Each secondary container should then be enclosed in a strong outer box. The space between the secondary container & the outer box should be filled with an appropriate quantity of shock-absorbent material. Sender should use fastest & most secure form of transport & notify recipient of its departure. If parcel is not received when expected, carrier should be informed so that immediate effort can be made to find it. Traffic schedules should be consulted to avoid ... arrival on weekend or holiday ... . /Chemical Carcinogens/

Flammable Liquid Poison

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: F, T; R: 45-11-22-36/37/38; S: 53-45; Note: E

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Subsidiary Risks: 6.1; UN Pack Group: II