Allylamine

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 3.6% (11 of 305) of reports.

H225 (96.4%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301 (96.4%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310+H330 (34.1%): Fatal in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H310 (74.1%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H311 (22.3%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (56.4%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (52.1%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (56.7%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H331 (39.7%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H411 (92.5%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 305 reports by companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 11 of 305 reports by companies.

There are 10 notifications provided by 294 of 305 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P273, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer immediately for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Warning: Allylamine is highly irritating. Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Allylamine Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to allylamine may include irritation of nose, eyes, and mouth with tearing, runny nose, cough, and sneezing. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, redness, swelling, and pain in mucous membranes. Severe exposure may result in excitability and convulsions.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to allylamine may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to allylamine.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures.

4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to allylamine.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas three times with water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize.

4. Activated charcoal is of no value.

5. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should not be given if victims are not conscious and alert.

6. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

Keep unnecessary people away and isolate hazard area. Stay upwind and keep away from low areas. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

Use dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Water may be used to keep exposed containers cool. Dike fire control water for later disposal. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or discoloration of tank due to fire. (EPA, 1998)

Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Solid streams of water may be ineffective and spread material.

In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Vapor/air mixtures are explosive.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Small Spill

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 2334 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)

Large spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 150 m (500 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.2 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.5 km (0.4 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 1.6 km (1.0 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 2.5 km (1.6 mi)

Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: gas-tight chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: gas-tight chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do not let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Releases may require isolation or evacuation. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Eliminate all ignition sources. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, protect personnel, and dilute spills to form nonflammable mixtures. Approach release from upwind. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, strong acids and food and feedstuffs. Well closed. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Store under inert gas. Storage class (TRGS 510): Flammable liquids.

Separate from oxidizing materials, acids, and sources of halogen. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

AEGLs Status: Final

0.42 [ppm]

3.3 [ppm]

18 [ppm]

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs)

Table: AEGLs for Allylamine (ppm) [Table#3824]

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

Lachrymation. The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause lung oedema. Exposure could cause severe swelling of the throat. The substance may cause effects on cardiovascular system and nervous system. This may result in cardiac disorders and impaired functions. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. The substance may have effects on the respiratory tract and lungs. This may result in chronic inflammation and impaired functions.

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type AXBEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Wear special protective clothing and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling.

STRICT HYGIENE! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Allylamine appears as a colorless to light yellow colored liquid with a strong ammonia-like odor. Less dense than water. Vapors are heavier than air. Toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. Irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Flash point below 0 °F. Boiling point 130 °F. Used to make pharmaceuticals and other chemicals.

Colorless to light-yellow liquid with a strong ammonia-like odor; [CHEMINFO]

COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless to light yellow liquid

Strong ammonia odor causing sneezing and tears

Burning taste

131 to 136 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

52-53 °C

53 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-126 °F (NTP, 1992)

-88.2 °C

-20 °F (EPA, 1998)

-29 °C (-20 °F) - closed cup

10 °F (-12 °C) - closed cup

-29 °C c.c.

Very soluble (NTP, 1992)

In water, 1X10+6 mg/L at 20 °C /miscible/

Miscible with water

Miscible with alcohol, chloroform, ether

Solubility in water: miscible

0.76 at 68 °F (EPA, 1998) - Less dense than water; will float

0.760 at 20 °C/20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.8

0.7589 @25 °C

2 (EPA, 1998) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

2.0 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.0

242.0 [mmHg]

242 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 26.3

200 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = 0.03

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

705 °F (NTP, 1992)

705 °F (374 °C)

Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions - Carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides (NOx).

When heated to decompostion it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.

Products of decomposition include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide. hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen as well as amine vapors.

0.3745 Poise

3.9X10-2 N/m at melting point

Highly flammable. Water soluble.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Highly Flammable

ALLYLAMINE reacts violently with strong oxidizing agents and acids. Attacks copper and copper compounds [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 123]. Reacts with hypochlorites to give N-chloroamines, some of which are explosives when isolated [Bretherick 1979. p. 108].

Incompatible materials: Acids, oxidizing agents, chlorine, hypochlorites, halogens, chemically active metals.

Reacts with acids, oxidizing materials, chlorine, hypochlorite, halogenated compounds, and reactive organic compounds. May react with active metals.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Allylamine is a colorless to light yellow liquid. It is used as a corrosion inhibitor, in the manufacture of mercurial diuretics and in organic synthesis. HUMAN STUDIES: A potent irritant, allylamine is intolerable at 14 ppm, with recognizable odor and chest and mucous membrane discomfort at 2.5 ppm. This chemical irritates the skin. Cardiotoxicity was described following intradermal injection of allylamine. After 20 hr treatment of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, 50 uM allylamine had no effect and 100 uM allylamine produced a modest reduction in cell viability. ANIMAL STUDIES: Allylamine is a specific cardiac toxicant that causes aortic, valvular and myocardial lesions in many species. Myocardial necrosis can be observed 24 hr after a single dose. Acute toxicity is believed to involve metabolism of allylamine to highly reactive acrolein (2-propenal). Allylamine has been shown to bind to mitochondria from aorta and heart, suggesting that the subcellular site of injury is at or near the mitochondrion. Mice exposed to allylamine died during the course of a 10 minute inhalation. Allylamine was extremely irritating when tested on rabbit eyes. Rats, rabbits, and dogs were exposed for 8 hr/day, 5 days/wk /for 1 yr/ to 5 or 20 ppm. No adverse effects on growth, behavioral reactions, or abnormal blood or urine changes were observed. Deaths from pneumonia occurred in 3 of 6 rabbits exposed to 20 ppm. Lung changes consistent with chronic irritation were found at both exposure levels. However, no myocardial damage was found in rabbits or dogs and only a few rats showed slight changes. Periodic liver and kidney function tests, transaminase determinations, and electrocardiographic examinations of dogs did not reveal any abnormalities. Congestive changes in the liver and kidneys were noted in dogs at both exposure levels. Myocardial fibrosis with cardiac hypertrophy was produced in rats after consuming allylamine hydrochloride for periods of 4-8 months. Focal edema and necrosis of smooth muscle cells in media of coronary arteries were also observed. Allylamine was evaluated for mutagenicity in the Salmonella typhimurium/microsome preincubation assay using the standard protocol. Allylamine was tested in four Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, and TA 1537) in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Allylamine was negative in these tests.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, through the skin and by ingestion. Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Headache. Nausea. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Symptoms may be delayed.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns.

Watering of the eyes. Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Severe burns. Loss of vision.

Burns in mouth and throat. Burning sensation in the throat and chest. Abdominal cramps. Further see Inhalation. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Shock or collapse.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LC50 (rat) = 177 ppm/8H

LD50 Rat oral 102 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 106 mg/kg

LC50 Rat inhalation 286 ppm/4 hr

LD50 Mouse intraperitoneal 49 mg/kg

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for Allylamine (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... Mercaptoethanesulphonate, a scavenger of reactive species that is known not to penetrate myocytes prevented the toxicity both of 100 uM allylamine and 100 uM acrolein to myocardial myocyte reaggregate cultures in serum-supplemented medium. In contrast when myocardial myocyte reaggregate cultures in serum-free medium were exposed to high concentrations of allylamine, mercaptoethanesulphonate had no moderating effect. These findings suggest that allylamine undergoes extracellular metabolism to acrolein in serum-supplemented medium because of the presence of benzylamine oxidase in serum. ... The toxicity of allylamine was also prevented by the iron chelator desferrioxamine at a concentration shown not to inhibit significantly the acitivity of benzylamine oxidase. Acrolein toxicity too was inhibited by desferrioxamine. This suggests a role for free radicals in the toxicity of allylamine to myocardial myocyte reaggregate cultures as desferrioxamine chelates iron thus preventing the catalysis of free radical reactions. Addition of alpha-tocopherol succinate an inhbitor of lipid peroxidation to the cultures also reduced the toxicity of allylamine which provides some evidence of the role of lipid peroxidation in the mechanism of allylamine toxicity of myocardial myocyte reaggregate cultures.

In the present study, /investigators/ describe changes in aorta at the protein level associated with allylamine (AA) and beta-aminopropionitrile (beta APN) induced vascular toxicity in a rat model. This model represents a remarkable synergistic, necrotizing toxic effect of these combined toxins, and our rationale was to examine protein expression in order to shed light on the mechanisms underlying this synergism. Rats were given AA (100 mg/kg body weight/day) and beta APN (1 g/kg body weight/day) by gavage for 10 d; this protocol has been shown to result in smooth-muscle necrosis, but no visible connective tissue changes. Soluble and insoluble fractions from AA + beta APN- or from beta APN-treated aorta showed enhanced expression of three high-molecular-weight protein bands (ranges between approximately 120 and 95 kD). The time course of induction of proteins showed the appearance of AA + beta APN-induced specific proteins at d 3 of AA + beta APN treatment. Partial purification and characterization suggested that AA + beta APN specific proteins are likely to be collagen proteins (type I). ...

/Investigators/ developed a model of aortic smooth muscle necrosis in adult Sprague Dawley rats by feeding them two vascular toxins (allylamine HCl, or AA, and beta-aminopropionitrile, or betaAPN) in concert for 10 days. Either toxin given alone does not cause aortic lesions. In order to shed light on the mechanism of the synergistic action of these two toxins, /the authors/ fed known modulators of AA or betaAPN toxicity to rats concurrently with the two toxins. As modulators, /the authors/ used (a) semicarbazide (98 mg/kg/day, given 4 h prior to toxins), a known inhibitor of the vascular enzyme SSAO which metabolizes AA; (b) L-cysteine (1.5% in rat chow, beginning 3 days prior to toxins), which has been shown to reduce the toxic effects of betaAPN; and (c) phenelzine sulphate (3 mg/kg/day, given 4 h prior to toxins), an inhibitor of SSAO and potentiator of betaAPN toxicity. Rats were fed various combinations of the toxins and modulators by gavage: water (n = 8); (AA, 100 mg/kg/day) AA + phenelzine (n = 8); AA + semicarbazide (n = 8); AA + L-cysteine (n = 11); (betaAPN, 1 g/kg/day) betaAPN + phenelzine (n = 8); betaAPN + semicarbazide (n = 8); betaAPN + L-cysteine (n = 8); (AA, 100 mg + betaAPN, 1 g/kg/day) AA + betaAPN + phenelzine (n = 9), AA + betaAPN + semicarbazide (n = 8); AA + betaAPN + L-cysteine (n = 12); phenelzine (3 mg/kg/day) (n = 4); semicarbazide (98 mg/kg/day) (n = 4) and L-cysteine (1.5% in rat chow) (n = 4). /The authors/ found that phenelzine sulphate (a drug previously used in the treatment of hypertension) when given with AA reproduced the AA + betaAPN induced aortic lesions. Phenelzine + betaAPN caused no lesions, but when combined with AA + betaAPN, aortic lesions were intensified and included marked secondary degeneration of the vascular wall. Semicarbazide was found to completely obviate the vascular toxicity of AA + betaAPN. L-Cysteine feeding markedly decreased the incidence and severity of vascular lesions in AA + betaAPN treated rats, but did not change the incidence or severity of heart lesions caused by AA alone. These data indicate that the synergistic necrotizing toxicity of AA + betaAPN is primarily an AA effect. /The authors/ postulate that some modulating influence of betaAPN (or phenelzine) on tissue distribution, metabolism, or detoxification pathways of AA increases AA's acute vascular toxicity, whereas semicarbazide offers protection by inhibiting the initial deamination of AA to a highly reactive aldehyde.

Hydralazine can inhibit induction of medial hyalinosis in coronary arteries and myocardial fibrosis by allylamine.

For more Interactions (Complete) data for Allylamine (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valuim) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Cardiotoxicity was described ... /when/ localized arteritis /was observed/ following intradermal injection of allylamine.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ After accidental exposure to an unspecified concentration of the vapor of allylamine, the investigators experienced transient irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose, eyes, and mouth, with lacrimation, coryza, and sneezing.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Tests of vapors on human subjects established that monoallyl amine at 14 ppm caused intolerable irritation of eyes and respiratory tract.

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ /Investigators/ have assessed the cytotoxicity of allylamine (AA) and acrolein (ACR) towards cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). After 20 hr treatment, 50 uM AA alone had no effect and 100 uM AA produced a modest reduction in cell viability. However, both concentrations produced considerable cell death when incubated with HUVEC in the presence of human umbilical artery homogenate as a source of human vascular SSAO activity. The cytotoxic actions of 50 uM AA were not altered by coincubation with 100 uM pargyline (an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, MAO) but were completely prevented by 100 uM semicarbazide (SSAO inhibitor) and propargylamine (MAO/SSAO inhibitor). ACR at 50 and 100 uM was considerably cytotoxic, but had little effect at 5 and 10 uM. ...

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ Chronic oxidative injury by allylamine (AAM) induces proliferative vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) phenotypes in the rat aorta similar to those seen in rodent and human atherosclerotic lesions. The proliferative advantage of AAM vSMC compared to control cells is maintained with serial passage of the cells and the advantage is nullified when AAM cells are seeded on a collagen substrate. In this study, /investigators/ evaluate the potential role of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, p27 and p21, and mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinases, ERK1/2, in mediating the proliferative advantage of AAM stressed vSMC over control cells on plastic or collagen substrates. p27 levels in randomly cycling cells were comparable in both cell types irrespective of the substrate. In contrast, basal levels of p21 were 1.9 +/- 0.3 (P < 0.05)-fold higher in randomly cycling AAM cells seeded on plastic compared to controls, a difference that was lost on a collagen substrate. Following G0 synchronization, basal levels of both p27 and p21 were higher in AAM cells seeded on plastic compared to controls (1.7 +/- 0.2 and 2.0 +/- 0.3-fold, respectively, P < 0.05), but these differences were lost upon mitogenic stimulation. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) decreased p27 and p21 levels in cycling AAM cells relative to controls in a substrate-dependent manner. AAM cells seeded on plastic exhibited enhanced ERK1/2 activation upon mitogenic stimulation; seeding on collagen nullified this advantage. The duration of ERK1/2 activation was prolonged in AAM cells independently of the seeding substrate. /It was concluded/ that substrate-dependent acquisition of proliferative phenotypes following repeated cycles of AAM injury correlates with modulation of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, p27 and p21.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... Inhalation of allylamine in mice at 1.27 mM was lethal to almost all the animals within 10 minutes.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The effect of aminoacetonitrile (AAN) on allylamine induced liver lesions was studied in rats. Thirty male rats were injected intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days with 0.01 mL allylamine dissolved in 0.2 mL water and neutralized with sulfuric-acid; 30 rats received allylamine alone. Some rats also received a daily subcutaneous injection of 20 mg AAN (as the hydrosulfate salt) dissolved in 0.2 mL water and neutralized with sodium-hydroxide. This treatment was administered 4 days prior to allylamine administration and for the 3 days of allylamine administration. During the experiment, four rats died in the group treated with allylamine alone; no rats treated with allylamine plus AAN died. Twenty four hours after the last allylamine injection, all animals were killed. Sections of liver were fixed in 4 percent formaldehyde and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The livers of all rats treated with allylamine alone showed severe alterations of the parenchymal cells in all areas of the hepatic lobule. The cells appeared remarkably swollen, with optically empty cytoplasm, or were reduced to large vesicles. These alterations were reduced or absent in the livers of all the rats treated with allylamine plus AAN. The author suggests that, because allylamine is known to increase the permeability of hepatic sinusoids, AAN may exert its effect by partly or completely inhibiting allylamine induced permeability changes.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Groups of male rats were given either a single dose (100 mg/kg) of allylamine, or two doses on successive days; all rats were killed 24 hours after the last dose. Three hours before killing, rats were given 0.37 Ci/kg (SA 6.7 mCi/mM) (3)H-Thymidine, iv. ... Endothelial nuclear labeling was markedly increased in interventricular septum after 2 doses (9.7 +/- 2.2 mitoses-/mm2 vs 1.6 +/- .2 in control; P less than .05), whereas left ventricular free wall and right ventricular free wall showed their most pronounced increases at 24 hours after the first dose. Increased endothelial and interstitial cell labelling correlated with histopathologic lesions, although increased labelling after 1 dose was also seen in the absence of lesions. Prominent endothelial cell proliferation and interstitial cell activation occur rapidly in acute allylamine myocardial damage.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ To investigate the relative roles of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in allylamine intoxication, the authors conducted an acute in vivo time-course study following administration of allylamine (150 mg/kg) to rats by gavage. At 1, 3, and 5 hr after allylamine treatment, subcellular fractions of aorta, epicardium and endocardium were assayed for enzymes of the oxidant defense system and thiol (-SH) status capacity for lipid peroxidation, and .OH radical generation. ... In vivo treatment with allylamine causes preferential damage to aortic mitochondria. A marked depletion of total and free -SH content was found in aorta epicardium and endocardium with a striking increase in the formation of thiobarbiturate-reactive substance by aortic mitochondria at all time points. A significant increase in the capacity to generate .OH was found in aorta (with lesser increases in epicardium and endocardium) after allylamine treatment. Levels of defense system enzymes were not consistently altered, however. In a totally in vitro experiment, liposomes incubated with acrolein (0.2-2 mM) showed a proportional increase in lipid peroxidation of liposomal membrane. A likely basis of allylamine's cardiovascular toxicity is acrolein-induced lipid peroxidation especially in mitochondria.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Allylamine (32 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Status of Agents Search page, which tabulates the results and current status of tests such as "Short-Term Toxicity Studies", "Long-term Carcinogenicity Studies", "Developmental Studies", "Genetic Toxicology Studies", etc., performed with this chemical. Testing status for allylamine is available.[Available from, as of March 27, 2018: https://ntpsearch.niehs.nih.gov/?e=True&ContentType=Testing+Status]

LC50; Species: Xenopus laevis (African Clawed Frog) age 3-4 wk; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C; Concentration: 12400 ug/L for 48 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20-22 °C; Concentration: 110000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Danio rerio (Zebra Danio); Conditions: static; Concentration: 22100 ug/L for 96 hr /formulation/

The substance is toxic to aquatic organisms. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Allylamine's production and use in organic synthesis, as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and as a corrosion inhibitor in steel pickling may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 242 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates allylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase allylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2.3 hours. Allylamine does not absorb UV light at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis since sunlight consists of wavelengths above 290 nm. If released to soil, allylamine is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 8. The pKa of allylamine is 9.7, indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the compound exists as a cation and cations do not volatilize. Allylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 41% of the Theoretical BOD(NH3) and utilizing an open system inherent test, 89% TOC was reached in 4 weeks indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil and water. If released into water, allylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. A pKa of 9.7 indicates allylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure to allylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allylamine is produced or used. Use data and limited monitoring data indicate that the general population are likely to have little or no exposure to allylamine other than via inhalation of tobacco smoke. (SRC)

Allylamine's production and use in organic synthesis, as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and as a corrosion inhibitor in steel pickling(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Allyalmine has been identified as a constituent of tobacco smoke(3).

LC50; Species: Xenopus laevis (African Clawed Frog) age 3-4 wk; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C; Concentration: 12400 ug/L for 48 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20-22 °C; Concentration: 110000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Danio rerio (Zebra Danio); Conditions: static; Concentration: 22100 ug/L for 96 hr /formulation/

The substance is toxic to aquatic organisms. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Allylamine's production and use in organic synthesis, as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and as a corrosion inhibitor in steel pickling may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 242 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates allylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase allylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2.3 hours. Allylamine does not absorb UV light at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis since sunlight consists of wavelengths above 290 nm. If released to soil, allylamine is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 8. The pKa of allylamine is 9.7, indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the compound exists as a cation and cations do not volatilize. Allylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 41% of the Theoretical BOD(NH3) and utilizing an open system inherent test, 89% TOC was reached in 4 weeks indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil and water. If released into water, allylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. A pKa of 9.7 indicates allylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure to allylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allylamine is produced or used. Use data and limited monitoring data indicate that the general population are likely to have little or no exposure to allylamine other than via inhalation of tobacco smoke. (SRC)

Allylamine's production and use in organic synthesis, as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and as a corrosion inhibitor in steel pickling(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Allyalmine has been identified as a constituent of tobacco smoke(3).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.03(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allylamine is expected to have very mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of allylamine is 9.70(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of allylamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process because this compound exists almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and cations do not volatilize. Allylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 242 mm Hg at 25 °C(6). A 41% of theoretical BOD(NH3) using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test and an 89% TOC in an open system inherent test(7) suggest that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 8(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.03(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 9.7(4) indicates allylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A 41% of theoretical BOD(NH3) using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test and an 89% TOC in an open system inherent test(6) suggest that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), allylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 242 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2.3 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.6X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) (that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Isopropylamine does not absorb UV light at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis since sunlight consists of wavelengths above 290 nm(SRC).

AEROBIC: Allylamine, present at 100 mg/L, reached 41% of its theoretical BOD(with conversion of ammonia to nitrate) in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(1). Allylamine, present at 100 mg/L, reached 89% TOC in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in an open system inherent degradation test(1). Allylamine had a theoretical BOD of 35.4% over a 5 day incubation period using 100 ppm of allylamine in aerobic sewage(2). Using a standard BOD dilution test and an inoculum from a sanitary waste treatment facility, a theoretical BOD of 0% was observed over a 5 day incubation period(3). Allylamine had a 5 day theoretical oxygen demand of 21% using a sewage inoculum(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.6X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 2.3 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Allylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Allyalmine does not absorb UV light at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis since sunlight consists of wavelengths above 290 nm(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for allylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.03(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Koc of allylamine is estimated as 8(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.03(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that allylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of allylamine is 9.7(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

A pKa of 9.7(1) indicates that allylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. The potential for volatilization of allylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 242 mm Hg at 25 °C(2).

Allylamine has been identified as a constituent of tobacco smoke(1).

According to the 2016 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 1 reporting facility estimates the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of allylamine in the United States may be as low as 10 workers and as high as 24 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

Occupational exposure to allylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allylamine is produced or used. Use data and limited monitoring data indicate that the general population are likely to have little or no exposure to allylamine other than via inhalation of tobacco smoke. (SRC)

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Allylamine ID: 2334 [Table#3823]

/GUIDE 131 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 131 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 131 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Allylamine (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2334; Allylamine

IMO 6.1; Allylamine

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Allylamine is included on the dangerous goods list.

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Allylamine is included on the dangerous goods list.

Poison Inhalation Hazard Flammable Liquid

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: F, T, N; R: 11-23/24/25-51/53; S: (1/2)-9-16-24/25-45-61

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Subsidiary Risks: 3; UN Pack Group: I