Propargyl alcohol

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H301 (95.2%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310 (51%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H311 (49%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (50.7%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (39.4%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H331 (60.6%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H373 (33.2%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H411 (95.8%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 578 reports by companies from 23 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention . Wear protective gloves when administering first aid.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Rest. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance.

If material or fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back.

The odour warning when the exposure limit value is exceeded is insufficient. Vapours are uninhibited and may polymerize, blocking valves and vents.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place.

Eliminate all ignition sources. Stop or control the leak if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, protect personnel, and dilute spills to form nonflammable mixtures. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.

[40 CFR 240-280, 300-306, 702-799 (7/1/2006)] Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P102, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

If material not on fire not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Keep in the dark. Well closed.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, food and feedstuffs. Keep in the dark. Well closed.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Store away from heat, oxidizing materials, acids, alkalies, and sunlight.

2.0 [ppm]

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

AEGLs Status: Final

2.5 [ppm]

16 [ppm]

72 [ppm]

1 ppm (2 mg/m³)

TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3) [skin]

none See Appendix G

See: IDLH INDEX

1.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 ppm, skin.

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

1 ppm as TWA; (skin).

1 ppm [1992]

4.7 mg/m

/USSR/ limit: 0.5 ppm.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The vapour is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the liver and kidneys. This may result in impaired functions. Exposure above the OEL could cause death. Medical observation is indicated.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Propargyl alcohol:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.

Provide:

• EYEWASH - Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

• QUICK DRENCH - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2024)

Wear special protective clothing and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

The MSA type GMA chin style common organic vapor canister was tested against nine hazardous vapors in a controlled access laboratory under conditions similar to the most severe expected operating conditions in the field. The vapors tested included chloroform, benzene, epichlorohydrin, acrylonitrile, propargyl alcohol, 1,2-dibromoethane, acrolein, chloromethyl-methyl-ether, and N-nitrosodimethylamine. The challenge concentration was 50 times the assigned TLV or 50 times the lowest practical concentration where no TLV was assigned. A flow rate through the canisters corresponding to 49 standard l/min was used. Tests were conducted at relative humidities of 80% and less than 15%, and all tests continued for 16 hr or until 1% penetration or half the TLV was detected downstream of the canisters. A moderate breathing rate was assumed. The canister, under the experimental conditions, afforded adequate worker protection against chloroform, benzene, and acrylonitrile for a minimum of 4 hr and epichlorohydrin for at least 8 hr. The canister provided adequate worker protection for propargyl alcohol, 1,2-dibromoethane, and acrolein for a minimum of 16 hr. Sixteen hour protection was also adequate for N-nitrosodimethylamine at the 1 ppm challenge level. It is recommended that the canister not be used in a chloromethyl-methyl-ether environment.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Important additional information about respirator selection

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 33 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

STRICT HYGIENE! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Propargyl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a geranium-like odor. Flash point 97 °F. Vapors are heavier than air. Used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor and a soil fumigant.

Colorless to straw-colored liquid with a mild, geranium odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colorless to straw-colored liquid with a mild, geranium odor.

Colorless liquid

Colorless to straw-colored liquid

Mild, geranium odor

236.5 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

114-115 °C at 760 mm Hg; 100 °C at 490.3 mm Hg; 70 °C at 147.6 mm Hg; 20 °C at 11.6 mm Hg

236.5 °F

113.6 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-54 °F (NTP, 1992)

-48 to -52 °C

-48 - -52 °C

-51.8 °C

91 °F (NTP, 1992)

97 °F (36 °C) (Open cup)

33 °C c.c.

97 °F (open cup)

(oc) 97 °F

Miscible (NIOSH, 2024)

Miscible with benzene, chloroform, ethanol, 1,2-dichloroethane, ether, acetone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine; moderately sol in carbon tetrachloride

IMMISCIBLE WITH ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS

Miscible with water

Solubility in water: miscible

Miscible

0.9485 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.9715 at 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.97

0.9478 @ 20°C

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.93

12 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

15.6 [mmHg]

15.6 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 1.54

15.6 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = -0.38

1.68 centipoise at 20 °C

10.51 eV

May polymerize explosively. Polymerization may be caused by elevated temperature, oxidizers, peroxides, caustic solutions, or sunlight. Uninhibited monomer vapor may form polymer in vents and other confined spaces.

Highly flammable. Less dense than water and soluble in water.

Alcohols and Polyols

Alkynes, with Acetylenic Hydrogen

Polymerizable Compounds

Highly Flammable

Polymerizable

CSL00141

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE + PROPARGYL ALCOHOL

Propargyl alcohol can polymerize explosively. Strong bases such as KOH appear to lower the onset temperature of this event.

acetylene

ARC experiment of a reaction mixture in neat propargyl alcohol with KOH catalyst ruptured a hastelloy ARC bomb. Onset temperature was 75 degrees C.

User-Reported

When phosphorus pentaoxide is added to PROPARGYL ALCOHOL, caused ignition. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid [Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73 1967]; [J. Org. Chem. 28:1893 1963]. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites [NFPA 491 M 1991]. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence [Wischmeyer 1969].

Addition of phosphorus pentoxide to propargyl alcohol caused the alcohol to burst into flame.

Phosphorus pentoxide, oxidizers.

If propargyl alcohol and similar acetylene compounds are dried with alkali before distillation, the residue may explode (probably owing to salt formation). Sodium sulfate is recommended as a suitable desiccant.

... Hydroxyacetone was being prepared on half the scale by treating propargyl alcohol as a 30% aq soln with mercury sulfate and sulfuric acid (6 g and 0.6 g/mol of alcohol, respectively). On stirring and warming the mixture to 70 °C a violent exothermic eruption occurred. Quartering the scale of operations to 1 g/mol and reducing the amount of acid to 0.37 g/mol gave a controllable reaction at 70 °C. Adding the alcohol to the other reactants at 70 °C is an alternative possibility to avoid the suspected protonation and polymerization of the propargyl alcohol.

... Reacts violently with oxidants. Attacks many plastics.

Phosphorus pentoxide, oxidizers

Propargyl alcohol

2 x 10 ^-3 mg/kg-day

Propargyl Alcohol

TR-552: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Propargyl Alcohol (CASRN 107-19-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies) (2008 )

05/17/07

Some Evidence

No Evidence

Under the conditions of these 2-year inhalation studies, there was some evidence of carcinogenetic activity of propargyl alcohol in male F344/N rats based on increased incidences of nasal respiratory epithelial adenoma and mononuclear cell leukemia. There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of propargyl alcohol in female F344/N rats exposed to 16, 32, or 64 ppm. There was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of propargyl alcohol in male and female B6C3F1 mice based on increased incidences of nasal respiratory epithelial adenoma. The increased incidences of Harderian gland adenoma in male B6C3F1 mice may have been related to exposure to propargyl alcohol.

Exposure to propargyl alcohol resulted in increased incidences of nonneoplastic nasal lesions in male and female rats and mice.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Sore throat.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness.

Pain. Severe deep burns.

irritation skin, mucous membrane; central nervous system depression; In Animals: liver, kidney damage

Skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

IRIS Current

LC50 (rat) = 1040 ppm/1 hr;

LD50 Rat oral, male: 110 (100-120) mg/kg, female: 55 (50-60) mg/kg

LD50 Guinea pig oral 60 mg/kg

LC50 Rat (female) inhalation 1040 ppm/1 hr

LC50 Rat (male) inhalation 1200 ppm/ 1 hr

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic Treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Higher alcohols (>3 carbons) and related compounds/

Advanced Treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques, with a bag-valve-mask device, may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (decreased LOC, tachycardia, pallor, dilated pupils, diaphoresis, and/or dextrose strip or glucometer readings below 50 mg) and administer 50% dextrose if necessary ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Higher alcohols (>3 carbons) and related compounds/

FIRST AID: Inhalation--fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention; Skin--Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention. Wear protective gloves when administering first aid; Eyes--First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor; Ingestion--Rinse mouth. Rest. Refer for medical attention.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Irritating to skin, mucous membranes.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ACUTE ... SYMPTOMS: Inhalation--cough, sore throat; Skin--MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness; Eyes--pain, severe deep burns.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE: ... /Propargyl alcohol/ is irritating to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. The vapor irritates the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the liver and kidneys, resulting in impaired functions. Exposure above the occupational exposure limit (OEL) may result in death.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... /Propargyl alcohol/ was administered as a 1.58% solution in Dowanol 50B (dipropyleneglycol monomethyl ether) and remained on the skin of rabbits for 24 hr. There were two rabbits per test group and three test groups at 7.95, 15.8 and 31.6 mg/kg-bw. Mortality in the test groups was O/2, 1/2 and 1/2, respectively. Observation time not reported. Clinical signs were reported at the two higher doses and consisted of slight diarrhea, hyperemia and moderate edema ... The LDlo for this material as a Dowanol-50 solution in the rabbit is 15 mg/kg-bw.[EPA/Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics; High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program's Robust Summaries and Test Plans for Propargyl alcohol (December 2002). Available from, as of September 07, 2006: http://cfpub.epa.gov/hpv-s/]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The undiluted material caused hyperemia, edema, and superficial necrosis after topical application to rabbits. Propargyl alcohol was not a skin sensitizer.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the TLV's and BEI's with Other World Wide Occupational Exposure Values. CD-ROM Cincinnati, OH 45240-1634 2005., p. 1]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Undiluted propargyl alcohol caused marked pain, irritation, and permanent corneal injury when instilled into the conjunctival sac of the rabbit eye. A 10% solution caused slight pain and irritation that cleared; a 1% solution was not irritating.[American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the TLV's and BEI's with Other World Wide Occupational Exposure Values. CD-ROM Cincinnati, OH 45240-1634 2005., p. 1]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A concentration of 874 ppm was lethal to mice exposed for 2 hr. Two out of three rats died after a 6-min exposure to a saturated vapor of propargyl alcohol, and exposures of 12 min or longer were fatal to all exposed animals.[Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. (2001)., p. 6:521]

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (24 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=107-19-7]

LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 1.44 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 1.25-1.67 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 24.7 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.9 mg/l, hardness 42.8 mg/l calcium carbonate, alkalinity 40.6 mg/l calcium carbonate, and pH 7.7.

LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 1.44 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 1.25-1.67 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 24.7 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.9 mg/l, hardness 42.8 mg/l calcium carbonate, alkalinity 40.6 mg/l calcium carbonate, and pH 7.7.

EC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 1.44 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 1.25-1.67 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 24.7 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.9 mg/l, hardness 42.8 mg/l calcium carbonate, alkalinity 40.6 mg/l calcium carbonate, and pH 7.7. Effect: loss of equilibrium.

LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 1.53 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 1.49-1.56 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 25.7 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.8 mg/l, hardness 43.4 mg/l calcium carbonate, alkalinity 40.8 mg/l calcium carbonate, and pH 7.72.

EC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 1.53 mg/l/96 hr (confidence limit 1.49-1.56 mg/l), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 25.7 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.8 mg/l, hardness 43.4 mg/l calcium carbonate, alkalinity 40.8 mg/l calcium carbonate, and pH 7.72. Effect: loss of equilibrium.

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1.60e+02

2.30e+03

4.00e+01

2.00e-01

8.10e-03

2.00e-03

Volatile

1.11e+05

4.70e+02

7.00e+03

1.20e+02

The substance is toxic to aquatic organisms.

Propargyl alcohol's production and use as a corrosion inhibitor, solvent stabilizer, and laboratory reagent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Its former use as a soil fumigant would have resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, an extrapolated vapor pressure of 15.6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates propargyl alcohol will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase propargyl alcohol will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 37 hours. Propargyl alcohol can also be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone; however, the rate of this reaction is too slow to be environmentally relevant. Propargyl alcohol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, propargyl alcohol is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 14. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Propargyl alcohol may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its extrapolated vapor pressure. The biodegradation half-life of propargyl alcohol was 12.6 and 13 days in an alkaline sandy silt loam from Texas and an acidic sandy loam from Mississippi, respectively. If released into water, propargyl alcohol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 16 and 176 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to propargyl alcohol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where propargyl alcohol is produced or used. (SRC)

Propargyl alcohol's production and use as a corrosion inhibitor, solvent stabilizer, and laboratory reagent(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Its former use as a soil fumigant(1) would have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 14(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.38(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that propargyl alcohol is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of propargyl alcohol from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 15.6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible)(5). Volatilization from dry soils is expected(SRC), given the extrapolated vapor pressure(4). The half-life of propargyl alcohol in an alkaline sandy silt loam (61.5% sand, 31.1% silt, 7.4% clay, pH 7.8, 3.25% organic carbon) from Texas was 12.6 days and 13 days from an acidic sandy loam (68% sand, 23.4% silt, 8.6% clay, pH 4.8, 0.94% organic carbon) from Mississippi(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 14(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.38(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that propargyl alcohol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 15.6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible) (5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 16 and 176 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation in aerobic water may occur for propargyl alcohol based on biodegradation half-lives of 12.6 and 13 days in two soils(8). In addition, propargyl alcohol achieved 95% of its theoretical BOD in a screening study using an activated sludge inoculum(9), suggesting this compound will degrade under aerobic condictions.

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), propargyl alcohol, which has an extrapolated vapor pressure of 15.6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase propargyl alcohol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 37 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Propargyl alcohol is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone; however, the half-life of this reaction is long compared to the reaction with hydroxyl radicals and is not environmentally relevant(SRC). The half-life for this reaction in air is estimated as 380 days from its theoretical rate constant of 3X10-20 cu cm/molecule-sec(SRC), that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Propargyl alcohol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to/may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

AEROBIC: Propargyl alcohol , present at 100 mg/L, reached 95% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1). The half-life of propargyl alcohol in an alkaline sandy silt loam ( 61.5% sand, 31.1% silt, 7.4% clay, pH 7.8, 3.25% organic carbon) from Texas was 12.6 days and 13 days from an acidic sandy loam (68% sand, 23.4% silt, 8.6% clay, pH 4.8, 0.94% organic carbon) from Mississippi(2).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propargyl alcohol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 37 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propargyl alcohol with ozone has been estimated as 3X10-20 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 380 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). Propargyl alcohol is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Propargyl alcohol does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for propargyl alcohol(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.38(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of propargyl alcohol is estimated as 14(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.38(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that propargyl alcohol is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for propargyl alcohol is estimated as 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 15.6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible)(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that propargyl alcohol is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 16 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 176 days(SRC). Propargyl alcohol's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of propargyl alcohol from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its extrapolated vapor pressure(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 54,359 workers (19,934 of these are female) are potentially exposed to propargyl alcohol in the US(1). Occupational exposure to propargyl alcohol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where propargyl alcohol is produced or used(SRC).

[40 CFR 240-280, 300-306, 702-799 (7/1/2006)] Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P102, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for PROPARGYL ALCOHOL (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

NA 1986; Propargyl alcohol

UN 1986; Alcohols, flammable, toxic, NOS

IMO 3.0; Alcohols, flammable, toxic, NOS

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid Poison

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: T, N; R: 10-23/24/25-34-51/53; S: (1/2)-26-28-36-45-61

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Subsidiary Risks: 3; UN Pack Group: II