Methyl vinyl ether

H220: Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, and P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H220 (100%): Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

H280 (83.1%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, P403, and P410+P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 367 reports by companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

P203, P210, P222, P261, P271, P280, P304+P340, P319, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

INHALATION: remove victim to fresh air; if breathing is difficult, administer oxygen; call physician.

EYES: wash with copious quantities of water; consult an eye specialist.

SKIN: wash with copious quantities of water; treat frostbite by use of warm water or blankets.

INGESTION: do NOT induce vomiting, get medical attention. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· In case of contact with liquefied gas, only medical personnel should attempt thawing frosted parts.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 116 [Gases - Flammable (Unstable); polymerization hazard]:

DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray or fog. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

To fight fire, stop flow of gas.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· Isolate area until gas has dispersed.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 116 [Gases - Flammable (Unstable); polymerization hazard]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

Large Spill

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

This compound should be susceptible to removal from waste water by air stripping. /Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 116 [Gases - Flammable (Unstable); polymerization hazard]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. (ERG, 2024)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

200.0 [ppm]

· DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

Large Fire

· Water spray or fog.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Organic-vapor mask; plastic or rubber gloves; safety glasses (USCG, 1999)

Vinyl methyl ether appears as a colorless gas with a sweet odor. Shipped as a liquefied gas under own vapor pressure. Contact with the liquid may cause frostbite. Easily ignited. Vapors are heavier than air. Leaks may either be liquid or vapor. May asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat containers may rupture violently and rocket.

Colorless compressed gas or liquid; [Hawley]

Colorless, compressed gas or colorless liquid

Colorless, liquified gas

Sweet, pleasant

41.9 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

-188 °F (USCG, 1999)

-69 °F (USCG, 1999)

In water, 0.97 wt% /15,000 mg/L/ at 20 °C

Slightly soluble in water

Very soluble in ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene

Soluble in organic solvents; insoluble in glycerol, glycol

Soluble in oxygenated solvents

0.777 at 32 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.7725 g/cu cm at 0 °C

2.0 (Air = 1)

1316.0 [mmHg]

1316 mm Hg at 25 °C

549 °F (USCG, 1999)

549 °F (287 °C)

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Presence of base is essential during storage or distillation of the ether to prevent rapid acid-catalyzed homopolymerization ... Mildly acidic solids ... will initiate exothermic polymerization.

Index of refraction: 1.3730 at 0 °C/D

Easily polymerized

Reacts slowly /with water/ to form acetaldehyde; reaction is not hazardous unless water is hot or acids are present; can polymerize in presence of acids

Hydroxyl radical rate constant = 3.35X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec @ 26 °C

Coriolis coupling

Schoenflies notation

Boiling point

Centrifugal distortion

Chemical bond

Chemical shift

Electric dipole moment

Equilibrium structure

Heat of sublimation

Hindering potential

Internuclear distance

Lineshape

Magnetic anisotropy

Molecular dipole moment

Highly flammable. Reacts slowly with water to form acetaldehyde, reaction is not hazardous unless water is hot or acids are present. Form dangerous peroxides when exposed to air.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Polymerizable Compounds

Highly Flammable

Polymerizable

Peroxidizable Compound

VINYL METHYL ETHER reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat, flame or strong oxidizing agents. Reacts, possibly explosively with halogens (bromine, chlorine) or hydrogen halides (hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride) [Baker, 1980, p. 487]. On contact with dilute acids or even mildly acidic solids (calcium chloride, ceramics) undergoes rapid, exothermic homopolymerization, which cannot be prevented by antioxidants. Must be stored in the presence of base [MVE Brochure, Billingham, ICI, 1962].

Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.

Potentially explosive reaction with halogens (e.g., bromine, chlorine) or hydrogen halides (e.g., hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride). Reaction with acids forms acetaldehyde. Weak acids catalyze the exothermic polymerization of the ether. The unstabilized ether can form dangerous peroxides.

... Rapidly hydrolyzed by contact with dilute acids to produce acetaldehyde, which is more reactive and has wider flammability limits than the ether.

Additional reactions with bromine, chlorine, hydrogen bromide or chloride are very vigorous and may be explosive if uncontrolled.

Methyl vinyl ether

D*: Other compounds that may form peroxides

Bretherick's

Any form of acid contamination can initiate exothermic polymerization. See Bretherick's.

Braker, 1980, 487

https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/1697

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Vinyl methyl ether is a colorless compressed gas or colorless liquid. Copolymers are used in coatings and lacquers, as a modifier for alkyl, polystyrene and ionomer resins, and as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose and adhesives. HUMAN STUDIES: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: Vinyl methyl ether does not produce inflammatory changes in either the skin or eyes of rabbits. Rats tolerate repeated inhalation of 2000 ppm. In two 28-day inhalation studies in rats restlessness, reduction in body weight gain and an increase in relative weight of the liver were observed at 25,000 ppm. In the male rats, an increase in prothrombin time and a reduction in total protein occured at higher concentrations. In the 28-day inhalation study, 1500 ppm was the no effect level for male rats and 3500 ppm for female rats. Methyl vinyl ether was not mutagenic on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, and Escherichia` coli WP2 uvrA with or without metabolic activation. In the micronucleus test in mice, vinyl methyl ether did not produce a clastogenic effect following 5 exposures of 25,000 ppm.

Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin

LD50 Rat dermal >2 mL/kg

LD50 Rat oral 4900 mg/kg

LC50 Rat inhalation >64,000 ppm (152 mg/L)/4 hr

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Ethers and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Ethers and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or is in severe respiratory distress. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ethers and related compounds/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Rats tolerate repeated inhalation of 2000 ppm (4.7 mg/L, 15 times 6 hours) without any symptoms and findings.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ According to earlier studies, vinyl methyl ether does not produce inflammatory changes in either the skin or eyes of rabbits.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ In two 28-day inhalation studies with concentrations of 0, 500, 3500 and 25,000 ppm and 0,150, 500 and 1500 ppm (0, 1.19, 8.3 and 59.3 mg/L and 0, 0.36, 1.2 and 3.6 mg/L), restlessness, reduction in body weight gain and an increase in relative weight of the liver are observed at 25,000 ppm (59.3 mg/L). In the male rats, an increase in prothrombin time and a reduction in total protein occurs at higher concentrations. ... Following inhalation of 25,000 ppm (59.3 mg/L), atrophy in the region of the olfactory epithelium is observed on histological examination of the nasal mucosae. No other histopathological changes are observed. In the 28-day inhalation study, 1500 ppm (3.6 mg/L) is given as the no effect level for male rats and 3500 ppm (8.3 mg/L) for female rats.

/GENOTOXICITY/ ... Mutagenicity tests of 14 compounds and 1,3-butadiene on S. typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, and E. coli WP2 uvrA were also examined by the developed gas exposure method. 1,3-Butadiene, propyne (methyl acetylene), monochlorodifluoromethane, ethylchloride, diborane and silane were mutagenic. 1-Butene, 2-butene, 2-methylpropene, methyl vinyl ether, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane and phosphine were not mutagenic on S. typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, and E. coli WP2 uvrA with or without metabolic activation. These results were compatible with a previous report, and this developed method has the advantage that it can be tested easily and safely for combustible and self-combustible substances such as 1,3-butadiene and silane.

/GENOTOXICITY/ In the micronucleus test in mice, vinyl methyl ether did not produce a clastogenic effect following inhalation of 25,000 ppm (59.3 mg/L) 5 times.

Vinyl methyl ether's production and use in copolymers for coatings and lacquers, in polystyrene and ionomer resins, in plasticizers for nitrocellulose, and in adhesives may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1316 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates vinyl methyl ether will exist solely as a gas in the atmosphere. Gas-phase vinyl methyl ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone; the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 11 hours and 1.3 days, respectively. Vinyl methyl ether does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, vinyl methyl ether is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 5. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. Vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data in soil or water were not available. If released into water, vinyl methyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 3 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is expected based on hydrolysis half-lives of 9.5 hours, 40 days and 10.9 years at pH 5, 6 and 9, respectively, for structurally similar butyl vinyl ether. Occupational exposure to vinyl methyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where vinyl methyl ether is produced or used. (SRC)

Vinyl methyl ether's production and use in copolymers for coatings and lacquers, in polystyrene and ionomer resins, in plasticizers for nitrocellulose, and in adhesives(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that vinyl methyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of vinyl methyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure, 1316 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 15,000 mg/L(4). Vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2018).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that vinyl methyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 1316 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 15,000 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 3 days, respectively(SRC). Vinyl methyl ether is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment based on hydrolysis half-lives of 9.5 hours, 40 days and 10.9 years at pH 5, 6 and 9, respectively, in structurally similar butyl vinyl ether(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 0.42(2) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2018).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), vinyl methyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 1316 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase vinyl methyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone(SRC); the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 11 hours and 1.3 days(SRC), calculated from its respective rate constants of 3.35X10-11(3) and 8.8X10-16(4) cu cm/molecule-sec. Vinyl methyl ether does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of vinyl methyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 3.35X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 11 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of vinyl methyl ether with ozone has been estimated as 8.7X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1.3 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(3). Vinyl methyl ether may undergo hydrolysis in the environment based on hydrolysis half-lives of 9.5 hours, 40 days and 10.9 years at pH 5, 7 and 9, respectively, for structurally similar butyl vinyl ether(4). Vinyl methyl ether does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for vinyl methyl ether(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.42(1) and a regression-derived equation(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of vinyl methyl ether can be estimated to be 5(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that vinyl methyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for vinyl methyl ether is estimated as 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 1316 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 15,000 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 2 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 3 days(SRC). Vinyl methyl ether's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

According to the 2016 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 2 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the manufacturing, processing, or use of vinyl methyl ether in the United States may be as low as 25-49 workers up to the range of 100-499 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

NIOSH (NOHS Survey 1972-1974) has statistically estimated that 23,702 workers are exposed to vinyl methyl ether in the USA(1).

Vinyl methyl ether's production and use in copolymers for coatings and lacquers, in polystyrene and ionomer resins, in plasticizers for nitrocellulose, and in adhesives may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1316 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates vinyl methyl ether will exist solely as a gas in the atmosphere. Gas-phase vinyl methyl ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone; the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 11 hours and 1.3 days, respectively. Vinyl methyl ether does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, vinyl methyl ether is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 5. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. Vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data in soil or water were not available. If released into water, vinyl methyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 3 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is expected based on hydrolysis half-lives of 9.5 hours, 40 days and 10.9 years at pH 5, 6 and 9, respectively, for structurally similar butyl vinyl ether. Occupational exposure to vinyl methyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where vinyl methyl ether is produced or used. (SRC)

Vinyl methyl ether's production and use in copolymers for coatings and lacquers, in polystyrene and ionomer resins, in plasticizers for nitrocellulose, and in adhesives(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that vinyl methyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of vinyl methyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure, 1316 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 15,000 mg/L(4). Vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2018).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that vinyl methyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 1316 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 15,000 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 3 days, respectively(SRC). Vinyl methyl ether is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment based on hydrolysis half-lives of 9.5 hours, 40 days and 10.9 years at pH 5, 6 and 9, respectively, in structurally similar butyl vinyl ether(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 0.42(2) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2018).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), vinyl methyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 1316 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase vinyl methyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone(SRC); the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 11 hours and 1.3 days(SRC), calculated from its respective rate constants of 3.35X10-11(3) and 8.8X10-16(4) cu cm/molecule-sec. Vinyl methyl ether does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of vinyl methyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 3.35X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 11 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of vinyl methyl ether with ozone has been estimated as 8.7X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1.3 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(3). Vinyl methyl ether may undergo hydrolysis in the environment based on hydrolysis half-lives of 9.5 hours, 40 days and 10.9 years at pH 5, 7 and 9, respectively, for structurally similar butyl vinyl ether(4). Vinyl methyl ether does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for vinyl methyl ether(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.42(1) and a regression-derived equation(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of vinyl methyl ether can be estimated to be 5(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that vinyl methyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for vinyl methyl ether is estimated as 3.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 1316 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 15,000 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 2 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 3 days(SRC). Vinyl methyl ether's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Vinyl methyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

According to the 2016 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 2 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the manufacturing, processing, or use of vinyl methyl ether in the United States may be as low as 25-49 workers up to the range of 100-499 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

NIOSH (NOHS Survey 1972-1974) has statistically estimated that 23,702 workers are exposed to vinyl methyl ether in the USA(1).

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

This compound should be susceptible to removal from waste water by air stripping. /Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether/

/GUIDE 116P GASES - FLAMMABLE (Unstable)/ Fire or Explosion: EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Silane (UN2203) will ignite spontaneously in air. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. /Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized/

/GUIDE 116P GASES - FLAMMABLE (Unstable)/ Health: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be toxic if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. /Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized/

/GUIDE 116P GASES - FLAMMABLE (Unstable)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). /Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized/

/GUIDE 116P GASES - FLAMMABLE (Unstable)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Vinyl methyl ether (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1087 116P

UN 1087; Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized

IMO 2.1; Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized

49 057 95; Vinyl methyl ether

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized is included on the dangerous goods list. /Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized/

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized is included on the dangerous goods list. /Vinyl methyl ether, stabilized/

Flammable Gas