Chloromethyl Methyl Ether

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P321, P330, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302+H312+H332 (84.4%): Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (100%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H319 (84.4%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (100%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H350 (100%): May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P318, P321, P330, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 45 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P320, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Signs and Symptoms of Chloromethyl Methyl Ether Exposure: Acute exposure to chloromethyl methyl ether may produce severe irritation and burning of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Sore throat, fever, chills, dypsnea (difficulty breathing), chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary edema with productive cough may be noted.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to chloromethyl methyl ether may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to chloromethyl methyl ether.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to chloromethyl methyl ether.

3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize!

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

Move container from fire area. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter material. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. Extinguish with dry chemicals, foam, or carbon dioxide. Water may be ineffective in extinguishing fire. (EPA, 1998)

Use dry powder. Water may be ineffective. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

EXTINGUISH WITH DRY CHEMICALS, FOAM OR CARBON DIOXIDE. WATER MAY BE INEFFECTIVE ON FIRE. COOL EXPOSED CONTAINERS WITH WATER.

FLASHBACK ALONG VAPOR TRAIL MAY OCCUR.

Unburned material may form powerful tear gas. When wet, also forms irritating formaldehyde gas.

May float or sink in fire

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Small Spill

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1239 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 60 m (200 ft)

Large spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 300 m (1000 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.5 km (0.3 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 1.5 km (1.0 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 3.4 km (2.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 5.7 km (3.6 mi)

Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

Neutralizing agents for acids and caustics: Flood with water. Rinse with sodium bicarbonate or lime solution. Notify local health and pollution control agencies. Notify operators of nearby water intakes.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U046, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Recommendable method: Incineration. Not recommendable method: Evaporation.

A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Well closed. Separated from food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Store at ambient temperature.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

NR = Not recommended due to insufficient data.

AEGLs Status: Final

0.043 [ppm]

0.47 [ppm]

2.0 [ppm]

Ca See Appendix A

[1910.1006] See Appendix B

A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024)

NIOSH considers chloromethyl methyl ether to be a potential occupational carcinogen.

Ca [N.D.]

See: IDLH INDEX

Exposure by all routes should be carefully controlled to levels as low as possible.

A2: Suspected human carcinogen.

A2 (suspected human carcinogen).

carcinogen category: 1

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

ERPG-1: Not appropriate - one hour exposure limit: 1 = mild transient health effects or objectionable odor [AIHA]

ERPG-2: 1 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 2 = impaired ability to take protective action [AIHA]

ERPG-3: 10 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 3 = life threatening health effects [AIHA]

Methyl chloromethyl ether appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point -4 °F. Irritates the eyes and respiratory system. Very toxic by inhalation and may be toxic by ingestion or skin absorption. Vapors are heavier than air.

Colorless liquid with an irritating odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colorless liquid with an irritating odor.

COLORLESS LIQ

Colorless liquid.

Colorless liquid

Irritating odor

Irritating odor.

138 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

59.00 to 60.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

59.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-154.3 °F (EPA, 1998)

-103.5 °C

32 °F (EPA, 1998)

0 °C (open cup).

-8 °C c.c.

32 °F (open cup)

(oc) 32 °F

Reacts with water (NIOSH, 2024)

MISCIBLE WITH ETHANOL & ETHER & MANY OTHER ORG SOLVENTS

SOL IN ACETONE, CHLOROFORM, ETHYL ETHER, ETHYL ALCOHOL

Soluble in oxygenated solvents

Solubility in water: decomposes

1.0605 at 68 °F (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

1.0603 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.06

1.063 @ 10°C

0.5245 lb/cu ft at 70 °F

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.8

192 mmHg at 70 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

30.0 [mmHg]

Vapor pressure: 3.705 lb/sq inch at 70 °F

30 mm Hg at 22 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 21.6

192 mmHg at 70 °F

75 [mm Hg] @6 °C

(70 °F): 192 mmHg

DECOMP IN HOT ETHANOL

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride/.

Highly flammable. Denser than water and is decomposed by water to yield hydrochloric acid, a corrosive material. With water the ether reacts to evolve formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride. The reaction is slow at ambient conditions.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Highly Flammable

Peroxidizable Compound

METHYL CHLOROMETHYL ETHER Is a halogenated ether. Ethers tend to form unstable peroxides when exposed to oxygen. Ethyl, isobutyl, ethyl tert-butyl, and ethyl tert-pentyl ether are particularly hazardous in this respect. Ether peroxides can sometimes be observed as clear crystals deposited on containers or along the surface of the liquid. Ethers can act as bases. They form salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. The complex between diethyl ether and boron trifluoride is an example. Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents. In other reactions, which typically involve the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond, ethers are relatively inert.

Water [Note: Reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid & formaldehyde].

Reaction with divalent metals forms a very reactive product.

EXPLOSION HAZARD: DANGEROUS; WHEN HEATED OR EXPOSED TO FLAME OR SPARKS. BESIDES RISK OF EXPLOSION FROM AIR MIXTURES OF ETHER VAPORS, ETHERS TEND TO FORM PEROXIDE ON STANDING. WHEN ETHERS CONTAINING PEROXIDES ARE HEATED THEY CAN DETONATE. /ETHERS/

Water [Note: Reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid & formaldehyde.]

Chloromethyl methyl ether

D: Other compounds that may form peroxides

1 sample had 1 ppm peroxide; age >10 yrs

... Based upon the lack of persistence of BCME /bis(chloromethyl) ether/ and CMME /chloromethyl methyl ether/ in the environment, average human exposure to these compounds is likely to be very low. ... General population exposure to BCME and CMME occurs where they are produced by the widespread burning of this synergist in mosquito coils. ...Quantitative information on the kinetics and metabolism ... in humans is not available. However, it is anticipated that although in vivo BCME and CMME would be rapidly hydrolyzed in tissues to formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride, and methanol, formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride, respectively, there should be alkylation activity. ... BCME and CMME are acutely toxic by inhalation or ingestion. ...During inhalation of BCME /in laboratory animal studies/, irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract were noted as well as necrotizing bronchitis. Skin application resulted in erythema and necrosis, and application to the eye resulted in corneal necrosis. Similar effects were noted after exposure to CMME. Increased mortality and tracheal hyperplasia were observed in rats and hamsters following multiple inhalation exposure to ... BCME ... Similar results were observed in rats repeatedly exposed by inhalation to ... CMME ... In general, positive results were obtained when ... tested for mutagenicity in vitro. ... BCME and CMME have been reported to increase unscheduled DNA synthesis in vitro ... Studies with CMME have shown an increased incidence of tracheal metaplasia and bronchial hyperplasia in a dose-dependent manner in rats. However, results of carcinogenicity bioassays are inconclusive in animal studies. ... Exposure of workers to BCME (CMME) was associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Workers exposed to commercial grade CMME were probably also exposed to BCME. The predominant tumors in exposed workers were small cell carcinomas, quite distinct from the chiefly squamous cell carcinomas usually found in smokers. The association between exposure to BCME (CMME) and lung cancer was strong ... The type of lung cancer, latency period and average age of appearance of lung tumors in workers exposed to BCME (CMME) has been remarkably consistent. For CMME, there is also evidence of a positive relationship between a qualitative measure of exposure and mortality due to lung cancer. ... Concentrations /of BCME and CMME/ ... in the course of occupational exposure increased the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes of exposed workers. Information has not been reported regarding the neurological, immunological, developmental or reproductive effects of BCME or CMME in humans. ... No information on the toxicological effects of BCME and CMME on environmental organisms has been reported.

Chloromethyl methyl ether (CMME)

CLASSIFICATION: A; human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: The observation of an increased incidence of respiratory cancer in exposed workers and the observation of respiratory tumors in mice, rats, and hamsters exposed by inhalation forms the basis for this classification. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient.

Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. OVERALL EVALUATION: Group 1: The agent is carcinogenic to humans.

A2: Suspected human carcinogen.

Chloromethyl Methyl Ether: known to be a human carcinogen. /Technical-Grade Chloromethyl Methyl Ether/

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Burning sensation. Cough. Sore throat. Dizziness. Headache. Nausea. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns. Blisters.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Loss of vision. Severe burns.

Burns in mouth and throat. Abdominal cramps. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Shock or collapse.

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; pulmonary edema, pulmonary congestion, pneumonitis; skin burns, necrosis; cough, wheezing, pulmonary congestion; blood stained-sputum; weight loss; bronchial secretions; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

[in animals: skin & lung cancer]

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 1: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as established human carcinogens.

NTP Carcinogen - Known to be a human carcinogen.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Suspected Human.

LC50 (rat) = 55 ppm/7h

LD50 Rat oral 0.5 g/kg

LC50 Rat /inhalation/ 55 ppm/7 hr

LC50 Mouse /ihl/ 5-7 ppm/6-7 hr

LC50 Rat /ihl/ 5-7 ppm/6-7 hr

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER ELICITED WEAK TUMOR RESPONSE WITH CROTON RESIN AS PROMOTING AGENT.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Ethers and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: To keep open, "minimal flow rate"/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ethers and related compounds/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Whenever medical surveillance is indicated, in particular when exposure to a carcinogen has occurred, ad hoc decisions should be taken concerning ... /cytogenetic and/or other/ tests that might become useful or mandatory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Whole Blood: The literature search did not reveal reports of monitoring tests for assessment of methyl chloromethyl ether absorption. Reference Ranges: Normal - not established; Exposed - not established; Toxic - not established.

Serum or Plasma: The literature search did not reveal reports of monitoring tests for assessment of methyl chloromethyl ether absorption. Reference Ranges: Normal - not established; Exposed - not established; Toxic - not established.

Urine: The literature search did not reveal reports of monitoring tests for assessment of methyl chloromethyl ether absorption. Reference Ranges: Normal - not established; Exposed - not established; Toxic - not established.

For more Medical Surveillance (Complete) data for CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

PRINCIPAL EFFECT ... IRRITATION ... LIQ CAUSING SEVERE IRRITATION OF SKIN & EYES; VAPOR EXPOSURE OF 100 PPM IS SEVERELY IRRITATING TO EYES & NOSE. SUCH A LEVEL IS DANGEROUS TO LIFE IN 4 HR. PULMONARY EDEMA OR PNEUMONIA MAY CAUSE DEATH ... DAYS OR WK AFTER EXPOSURE.

INDUSTRIAL EXPOSURE TO RATHER HIGH CONCN ... SUBJECT HAD SYMPTOMS OF SORE THROAT, FEVER, & CHILLS & WAS NOT ABLE TO WORK FOR 8 DAYS, AT WHICH TIME RECOVERY APPEARED COMPLETE. ANOTHER SUBJECT ... VERY SLIGHT EXPOSURE ... DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING FOR SEVERAL DAYS.

IN A PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION DURING 5 YR PERIOD WHEN 111 CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER WORKERS WERE STUDIED, 4 CASES OF /OAT CELL/ LUNG CANCER WERE DIAGNOSED. THIS REPRESENTS AN INCIDENCE 8 TIMES THAT OBSERVED IN A CONTROL GROUP OF 2,800 WITH A SIMILAR CIGARETTE SMOKING HISTORY (74-78%).

IN STUDY INCL ABOUT 1800 EXPOSED WORKERS FROM 1948-1972, AGE-ADJUSTED DEATH RATE FROM RESP CANCER IN CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER GROUP WAS 2.5 TIMES THAT OF CONTROL GROUP. DEATH RATES FROM OTHER CAUSES WERE COMPARABLE.

2.00e-02

8.90e-02

4.10e-03

1.80e-02

6.50e-03

8.0E+01(G)

2.40e+00

6.90e-04

Volatile

9.32e+03

2.00e+00

8.90e+00

4.10e-01

1.80e+00

6.50e-01

8.0E+01 (G)

Chloromethyl methyl ether might escape into the environment in industrial gases and fugitive emissions associated with its use as a chemical intermediate. It would not be found in waste water due to its very rapid hydrolysis (half-life < 1 sec). Its half-life in humid air has been measured in separate studies to be 3.5-6 min and 6.5 hours, respectively. Hydrolysis products in air include methanol, formaldehyde, HCl, and chloromethylformate. Chloromethyl methyl ether is relatively stable in dry air (estimated half-life of 4 days for photooxidation) and may therefore be an occupational contaminant if it escapes in exhaust gases in dry areas in the workplace. (SRC)

Chloromethyl methyl ether has been reported not to occur in nature(1).

Chloromethyl methyl ether is possibly present in industrial gases and fugitive emissions where it is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of chloromethylated compounds such as in the preparation of ion-exchange resins, its principal use(1). However it would not be expected to occur in wastewater from such plants due to its very rapid hydrolysis(1).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: The fate of chloromethyl methyl ether in moist soil is unknown. However, since it hydrolyzes so rapidly in pure water(1), it is expected to disappear rapidly from moist soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Chloromethyl methyl ether will hydrolyze instantaneously in water (half-life <1 sec)(1). Reaction products include methanol, formaldehyde, HCl, and chloromethylformate(1,2).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Chloromethyl methyl ether will hydrolyze in humid air (half-life 3.5 min to 6.5 hr)(1,2). However, results suggest that the hydrolysis is surface catalyzed and therefore may not represent the true half-life in atmospheric room air or outside air(SRC). The half-life of chloromethyl methyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been determined to be approximately 7 days(3,SRC).

Rapid hydrolysis of chloromethyl methyl ether occurs in pure water (half-life < 1 sec)(1), and is slightly faster in base and slower in acid(2). The hydrolysis half-life of chloromethyl methyl ether in humid air was determined to be 3.5-6 min in one study(3) and 6.5 hr in another(1). Results suggest that the reaction is humid air surface catalyzed(2). If this is so, laboratory data would only indicate a lower limit for lifetimes in the environment(4). The hydrolysis reaction products include methanol, formaldehyde, and HCl(1). The rate constant for reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated to be 2.3X10-12 cu-cm/molecule sec at 25 °C(5), which corresponds to an estimated half-life of 7 days based on a hydroxyl radical concentration of 5X10+5 molecules/sec(SRC).

Hydrolysis half-lives are sufficiently fast (hydrolysis occurs in pure water with a half-life <1 sec(1)) to preclude any possibility of bioconcentration in the food chain(SRC).

Chloromethyl methyl ether hydrolyzes so rapidly in water(1) that evaporation is not an important process. Based upon a vapor pressure of 30 mm Hg(2), evaporation from surfaces and dry near-surface soil may be an important process(SRC).

The potential hazard of ... chloromethylation reactions /of naphthalene in glacial acetic acid and phosphoric acid with formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid/ ... results from the possible production of small amounts of the powerful carcinogen methyl chloromethyl ether.

Because chloromethyl methyl ether hydrolyzes so rapidly in water(1), exposure via water routes or moist soil is unlikely. However, it may be an occupational contaminant if it escapes in exhaust gases formed in dry areas in the workplace(SRC).

Given the practical impossibility of exposing experimental animals only to CMME vapors in the absence of bis-chloromethyl ether, it appears unlikely that definitive information on uncontaminated samples will be available. Furthermore, employees exposed to CMME may have concurrent exposure to bis-chloromethyl ether unless extraordinary precautions are taken to prevent it.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U046, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Recommendable method: Incineration. Not recommendable method: Evaporation.

A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY. /Carbon monoxide; Carbon monoxide, compressed/

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Methyl chloromethyl ether [Table#2385]

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. Keep victim warm and quiet. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Spill or Leak: Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Small spills: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. Large spills: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Fire: CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Large fires: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CHLOROMETHYL METHYL ETHER (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1239; Methyl chloromethyl ether

IMO 6.1; Methyl chloromethyl ether

49 074 30; Methylchloromethyl ether, anhydrous

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Procurement ... of unduly large amt ... should be avoided. To avoid spilling, carcinogens should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampoules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top container that will not open when dropped & will resist attack from the carcinogen. Both bottle & the outside container should be appropriately labelled. ... National post offices, railway companies, road haulage companies & airlines have regulations governing transport of hazardous materials. These authorities should be consulted before ... material is shipped. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When no regulations exist, the following procedure must be adopted. The carcinogen should be enclosed in a securely sealed, watertight container (primary container), which should be enclosed in a second, unbreakable, leakproof container that will withstand chem attack from the carcinogen (secondary container). The space between primary & secondary container should be filled with absorbent material, which would withstand chem attack from the carcinogen & is sufficient to absorb the entire contents of the primary container in the event of breakage or leakage. Each secondary container should then be enclosed in a strong outer box. The space between the secondary container & the outer box should be filled with an appropriate quantity of shock-absorbent material. Sender should use fastest & most secure form of transport & notify recipient of its departure. If parcel is not received when expected, carrier should be informed so that immediate effort can be made to find it. Traffic schedules should be consulted to avoid ... arrival on weekend or holiday ... /Chemical Carcinogens/

Poison Inhalation Hazard Flammable Liquid

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: F, T; R: 45-11-20/21/22; S: 53-45; Note: E

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Subsidiary Risks: 3; UN Pack Group: I