3-Chloropropionic acid

H302 (24.1%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H341 (12.1%): Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

P203, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P318, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 58 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P321, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

EYES OR SKIN: Immediately flush with running water for at least 15 min.; hold eyelids open if necessary. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes at the site.

INGESTION: If victim is unconscious or having convulsions, do nothing except keep victim warm. (USCG, 1999)

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Small fires: dry chemical, CO2, water spray or foam; large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2024)

Wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. (USCG, 1999)

3-chloropropionic acid appears as a white crystalline solid with a sharp odor. Denser than water. (USCG, 1999)

Solid; Somewhat hygroscopic; [Merck Index] White solid; [CAMEO]

LEAFLETS FROM PETROLEUM ETHER

CRYSTALS

392 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

106 °F (USCG, 1999)

greater than 230 °F (USCG, 1999)

Flash point > 110 °C

FREELY SOL IN WATER, ALC, CHLOROFORM

MISCIBLE WITH ETHER

1.26 (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

DENSITY= 1.198 @ 0 °C/4 °C; BP= 155-157 °C /METHYL ESTER/

0.33 [mmHg]

K: @ 25 °C= 1.01X10-4

SOMEWHAT HYGROSCOPIC

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy

Optical coefficient

Quadrupole coupling

Refractive index

Other Classes -> Organic Acids

Water soluble.

Acids, Carboxylic

Halogenated Organic Compounds

3-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID reacts exothermically with bases. Reacts with aqueous solutions containing a base and dissolves if neutralization generates a soluble salt. May react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. May corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Reacts with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Reacts with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Reacts with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Reacts with carbonates and bicarbonates to generate a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but some heat. Can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents. These reactions generate heat. A wide variety of products is possible. May initiate polymerization reactions or catalyze other chemical reactions. Fires produces highly toxic chloride fumes (USCG, 1999).

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

THE ALPHA-POSITION /OF THE HALOGEN RELATIVE TO BETA-POSITION/ IS ASSOC WITH A MUCH GREATER TOXICITY.

FOUR ORGANOHALIDES (INCLUDING 3-CHLOROPROPIONIC ACID) PRODUCED ELEVATED LUNG TUMOR RESPONSE WHICH WAS SIGNIFICANT BY STUDENT'S T TEST & THE CHI-2 TEST.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Corrosive