Isopropyl Acetate

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.4% (12 of 3126) of reports.

H225 (99.6%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H319 (98.7%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H336 (97.3%): May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

Aggregated GHS information provided per 3126 reports by companies from 44 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 12 of 3126 reports by companies.

There are 43 notifications provided by 3114 of 3126 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H303: May be harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H305: May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways [Warning Aspiration hazard]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P319, P321, P331, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane (UN1261) or nitroethane (UN2842).

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use alcohol-resistant foam, foam, powder, carbon dioxide, fine water spray. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Extinguish with dry chem, /alcohol/ foam, or carbon dioxide. Water may be ineffective. Cool exposed containers with water.

Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

Flashback along vapor trail may occur.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Remove all ignition sources. Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

1. By absorbing it in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and disposing in a secured sanitary landfill. 2. By atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber.

Isopropyl acetate is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for isopropyl acetate: Concentration process: Activated carbon.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

... PROCESSES ... SHOULD BE EQUIPPED WITH EXHAUST VENTILATION. APPROPRIATE SAFETY MEASURES ARE REQUIRED FOR WORK IN CONFINED SPACES ... . /ESTERS/

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from oxidants, strong acids and strong bases. Dry. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

STORAGE TANKS ... SHOULD BE SITUATED IN A MOUNDED COMPOUND CONSTRUCTED TO RETAIN MAX QUANTITY OF LIQUID THAT COULD ESCAPE FROM TANKS; DRUMS & OTHER SMALLER RECEPTACLES ... SHOULD BE KEPT IN STOREROOM OF FIRE-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION WITH MOUNDED & RAMPED DOORWAY TO PREVENT ESCAPE OF SPILT LIQUID. /ESTERS/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

100.0 [ppm]

150 [ppm]

2700 [ppm]

16000 [ppm]

See Appendix D

250.0 [ppm]

250 ppm (950 mg/m³)

TWA 250 ppm (950 mg/m3) See Appendix G

1800 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

1800.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the UCC [1970] report that a 4­hour exposure to 16,000 ppm killed 1 of 6 rats. . . . Other animal data: It has been stated that isopropyl acetate is comparable in toxicity to ethyl acetate and n­propyl acetate [ACGIH 1991]. \\ Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.

1800 ppm

See: 108214

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 100 ppm; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 200 ppm.

100 ppm as TWA; 150 ppm as STEL.

100 ppm [2017]

150 ppm [2017]

420 mg/m

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

· Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane (UN1261) or nitroethane (UN2842).

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance may be irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Exposure far above the OEL could cause lowering of consciousness.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Isopropyl acetate:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Isopropyl acetate appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 40 °F. Vapors are heavier than air. Contact with the material may irritate skin, eyes or mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. Used as a solvent.

Liquid; CBI

Colorless liquid with a fruity odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

colourless, mobile liquid with a characteristic odour

Colorless liquid with a fruity odor.

Water-white liquid

Colorless liquid.

Aromatic

... Fruity odor.

Quality: sweet, ester; hedonic tone: pleasant to unpleasant

Pleasant-odored

ON DILUTION A SWEET APPLE-LIKE FLAVOR

190 to 196 °F at 743.3 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

88.6 °C @ 760 MM HG

88.00 to 89.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

88.4 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-100.1 °F (NTP, 1992)

-73.4 °C

-100.1 °F

36 °F (NTP, 1992)

2 °C (CLOSED CUP)

2 °C c.c.

1 to 10 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

SOL IN ACETONE, ETHANOL; MISCIBLE IN ETHYL ETHER

In water, 2.90X10+4 mg/l at 25 °C

Miscible with most of the common organic solvents: alcohols, ketones, esters, oils, hydrocarbons

30.9 mg/mL at 20 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 31 (poor)

miscible with alcohol, ether and fixed oils; slightly soluble in water

(in ethanol)

0.874 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8718 @ 20 °C/4 °C

DENSITY OF SATURATED AIR: 1.24 (AIR= 1); CONVERSION FACTORS: 1 MG/L= 240 PPM; 1 PPM= 4.17 MG/CU M

SPECIFIC HEAT: 0.46 CAL/G; BULK DENSITY: 7.17 LB/GAL @ 20 °C; HEAT OF VAPORIZATION: 135 BTU/LB

Relative density (water = 1): 0.88

0.856-0.862 (20 °C)

0.874 @25 °C

3.5 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

3.52 (Air= 1)

Highly flammable. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Highly Flammable

ISOPROPYL ACETATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. This compound can react vigorously with nitrates, strong oxidizers, strong alkalis and strong acids. This chemical may also attack some forms of rubber, plastics and coatings. (NTP, 1992).

... CAN REACT VIGOROUSLY WITH OXIDIZING MATERIALS.

Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids.

Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids

Safe in the present practices of use and concentration. Ingredient, concentration, and use information are available in documents discoverable at https://cir-reports.cir-safety.org

Isopropyl acetate

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

Smith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Sore throat. Headache. Drowsiness.

Redness. Dry skin.

Redness. Pain.

See Inhalation.

irritation eyes, skin, nose; dermatitis; In Animals: narcosis

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

LC50 (rat) = 50,600 mg/m3/8H

LD50 Rat oral 3.0 g/kg /From table/

LD50 Rabbit oral 6.95 g/kg /From table/

LD50 Rat oral 6.75 g/kg

LD50 RABBIT SKIN PENETRATION 20000 PPM

For basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Esters and related compounds/

For advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: To keep open, "minimal flow rate"/. Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Esters and related compounds/

AMONGST WORKERS OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO ... /ISOPROPYL ACETATE/, THERE HAVE BEEN CASES OF CONJUNCTIVAL IRRITATION & REPORTS OF A FEELING OF CONSTRICTION OF CHEST & COUGHING; HOWEVER, NO CASES OF PERMANENT OR SYSTEMIC EFFECTS HAVE BEEN FOUND IN EXPOSED WORKERS. REPEATED CONTACT OF THE LIQ WITH THE SKIN MAY LEAD TO DEFATTING AND CRACKING.

ISOPROPYL ACETATE IS AN IRRITANT OF MUCOUS MEMBRANES BUT ONLY TO SLIGHT EXTENT; IT IS ALSO /SRP: CNS DEPRESSANT/ ... BUT LESS SO THAN N-ISOMER. ... NO SYSTEMIC INJURY HAS BEEN REPORTED ... .

Isopropyl acetate irritates the eyes and upper respiratory tract. ... No chronic systemic effects have been reported in humans.

Overexposure to isopropyl acetate may cause irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. Severe overexposure may cause weakness, drowsiness, and unconsciousness.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ISOPROPYL ACETATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

FROM EXPT ON ISOLATED FROG'S HEART IT APPEARS TO BE MORE TOXIC ... THAN ETHYL OR METHYL ACETATE. ... MODERATE EYE IRRITATION; NO SKIN IRRITATION; /SRP: CNS DEPRESSION/ ... PRECEDING DEATH.

... /IT WAS/ FOUND THAT 32000 PPM WAS FATAL TO 5 OF 6 RATS IN 4 HR, WHEREAS 16000 PPM WAS FATAL TO 1 OF 6.

Mice were exposed during 4 hr to isopropyl acetate. After exposure, measurements were made on duration of immobility developed in a behavioral despair swimming test. The chemical reduced the total duration of immobility measured over 3 min in a concn-related manner.

Toxicity Rating: 2. Like other simple esters, mild irritant and central depressant actions. Although n-propanol is about 3-fold more acutely toxic than isopropanol, the simple esters of each are about equi-toxic with n-propyl acetate 6.6 g/kg, isopropyl acetate 6.9 g/kg, n-propyl, n-butyrate 5.7 g/kg and n-propyl isovalerate 8.2 g/kg. The ratio of the narcotic to the lethal dose is smaller for the esters than for the parent alcohols.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ISOPROPYL ACETATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Employees /with chronic respiratory, skin, liver, or kidney diseases may be/ at increased risk from isopropyl acetate.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

Isopropyl acetate's production and use as a fragrance ingredient, its use in the manufacture of plastics, artificial leather, dopes, films, and cements, as well as its presence in grape juice, nectarine, apple and milk volatiles may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates isopropyl acetate will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropyl acetate will be degraded in the atmosphere with an estimated half-life of 4.6 days by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. If released to soil, isopropyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 15. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.78X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. The potential for volatilization of isopropyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist based on a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg. If released into water, isopropyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc. Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BOD's of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively. When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 5 days, respectively. A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 9.1X10-2 L/mol-sec was estimated using a structure estimation method; this corresponds to half-lives of 2.4 years and 88 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively. An estimated BCF of 2 suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure to isopropyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isopropyl acetate is produced or used. The general population will be exposed to isopropyl acetate via inhalation of ambient air and volatiles of grape juice, nectarines, apples and milk, ingestion of drinking water, and dermal contact with vapors, food and other products containing isopropyl acetate. (SRC)

Isopropyl acetate has been detected as a volatile constituent of grape juice(1), nectarines(2), and apples(3). It has also been detected in the volatiles from cold-stored milk(4).

Isopropyl acetate's production and use as a fragrance ingredient(1), its use in the manufacture of plastics, artificial leather, dopes, films, cements, in the recovery of acetic acid from aqueous solutions, as a solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate (of low viscosity), and a wide range of oils, fats, waxes, gums and natural and synthetic resins(2), may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 15(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 29,000 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of isopropyl acetate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be important(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.78X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). The potential for volatilization of isopropyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg(5,SRC). Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BOD's of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively(6). When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 15(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 29,000 mg/l(2,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Isopropyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.78X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4,SRC). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 5 days, respectively(3,SRC). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 9.1X10-2 L/mol-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 2.4 years and 88 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2,SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 2(3,SRC), from the water solubility(2,SRC), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BODs of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively(7). When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isopropyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 4.6 days(3,SRC).

A screening test using an activated mixed microbial sewage inoculum indicated that isopropyl acetate had a 5 day BOD of 38%(1). Isopropyl acetate, at an initial concn of 0.4-3.2 ug/l, had a 52.3% 5 day BOD when incubated with an acclimated mixed microbial culture(2). In a screening test using a settled sewage seed, 2.5 ppm isopropyl acetate was found to have a 5 day BOD of 12.7%, which increased to 40% after 10 days and 49.1% after 40 days(3). Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BOD's of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively(4). When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of isopropyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been determined to be 3.4X10-12 cu-cm/molc sec at 25 °C(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4.7 hours at an atmospheric concn of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 9.1X10-2 L/mol-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 2.4 years and 88 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2,SRC). An experimental rate constant for the aqueous reaction of isopropyl acetate with peroxy radicals at 30 °C has been determined to be 2.4X10-3 l/mole-sec(3); this corresponds to a half-life of greater than 9000 years(SRC) using an oxidant concn of 1X10-9 mole/l(4). The atmospheric photo-oxidation potential of isopropyl acetate, based on a 5 tiered rating system and determined in smog chamber studies, was assigned as Class II, low reactivity(5). This ranking system assigns compounds with negligible reactivity, such as methane, as class I and highly reactive dienes as class V(5). The relative rate for the photo-oxidation of isopropyl acetate in a smog chamber was 0.4 times less reactive than toluene(6).

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

Isopropyl acetate's production and use as a fragrance ingredient, its use in the manufacture of plastics, artificial leather, dopes, films, and cements, as well as its presence in grape juice, nectarine, apple and milk volatiles may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates isopropyl acetate will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropyl acetate will be degraded in the atmosphere with an estimated half-life of 4.6 days by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. If released to soil, isopropyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 15. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.78X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. The potential for volatilization of isopropyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist based on a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg. If released into water, isopropyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc. Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BOD's of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively. When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 5 days, respectively. A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 9.1X10-2 L/mol-sec was estimated using a structure estimation method; this corresponds to half-lives of 2.4 years and 88 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively. An estimated BCF of 2 suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure to isopropyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isopropyl acetate is produced or used. The general population will be exposed to isopropyl acetate via inhalation of ambient air and volatiles of grape juice, nectarines, apples and milk, ingestion of drinking water, and dermal contact with vapors, food and other products containing isopropyl acetate. (SRC)

Isopropyl acetate has been detected as a volatile constituent of grape juice(1), nectarines(2), and apples(3). It has also been detected in the volatiles from cold-stored milk(4).

Isopropyl acetate's production and use as a fragrance ingredient(1), its use in the manufacture of plastics, artificial leather, dopes, films, cements, in the recovery of acetic acid from aqueous solutions, as a solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate (of low viscosity), and a wide range of oils, fats, waxes, gums and natural and synthetic resins(2), may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 15(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 29,000 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of isopropyl acetate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be important(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.78X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). The potential for volatilization of isopropyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg(5,SRC). Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BOD's of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively(6). When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 15(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 29,000 mg/l(2,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isopropyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Isopropyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.78X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4,SRC). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 5 days, respectively(3,SRC). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 9.1X10-2 L/mol-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 2.4 years and 88 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2,SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 2(3,SRC), from the water solubility(2,SRC), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BODs of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively(7). When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isopropyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isopropyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 4.6 days(3,SRC).

A screening test using an activated mixed microbial sewage inoculum indicated that isopropyl acetate had a 5 day BOD of 38%(1). Isopropyl acetate, at an initial concn of 0.4-3.2 ug/l, had a 52.3% 5 day BOD when incubated with an acclimated mixed microbial culture(2). In a screening test using a settled sewage seed, 2.5 ppm isopropyl acetate was found to have a 5 day BOD of 12.7%, which increased to 40% after 10 days and 49.1% after 40 days(3). Isopropyl acetate was determined to have a 5 day BOD of 61% using a settled domestic wastewater seed, and BOD's of 72%, 74% and 76% after 10, 15 and 20 days, respectively(4). When the same inoculum was added to synthetic sea water, the 5, 10, 15 and 20 day BOD's were 14%, 39%, 43%, 49%, respectively(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of isopropyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been determined to be 3.4X10-12 cu-cm/molc sec at 25 °C(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4.7 hours at an atmospheric concn of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 9.1X10-2 L/mol-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 2.4 years and 88 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2,SRC). An experimental rate constant for the aqueous reaction of isopropyl acetate with peroxy radicals at 30 °C has been determined to be 2.4X10-3 l/mole-sec(3); this corresponds to a half-life of greater than 9000 years(SRC) using an oxidant concn of 1X10-9 mole/l(4). The atmospheric photo-oxidation potential of isopropyl acetate, based on a 5 tiered rating system and determined in smog chamber studies, was assigned as Class II, low reactivity(5). This ranking system assigns compounds with negligible reactivity, such as methane, as class I and highly reactive dienes as class V(5). The relative rate for the photo-oxidation of isopropyl acetate in a smog chamber was 0.4 times less reactive than toluene(6).

An estimated BCF of 2 was calculated for isopropyl acetate(SRC), using a water solubility of 29,000 mg/l(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of isopropyl acetate is estimated as approximately 15(SRC), using a measured water solubility of 29,000 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that isopropyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for isopropyl acetate has been determined to be 2.78X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(1). This value indicates that isopropyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 6 hours(3,SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 5 days(3,SRC). Isopropyl acetate's Henry's Law constant(1,SRC) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of isopropyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 60.4 mm Hg(2).

DRINKING WATER: isopropyl acetate was qualitatively detected in U.S. drinking water supplies(1). Isopropyl acetate was detected, but not quantified, in drinking concentrates from Ottumwa, IA(2).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Isopropyl acetate was detected in 1 of 4 samples in the air surrounding the Kin-Buc Waste Disposal site, NJ, 1976, at an estimated concn of 6.5 ug/cu-m(1). Isopropyl acetate was qualitatively detected in the air of the Netherlands and it was described as one of the principal compounds emitted to the air(2). SOURCE DOMINATED: Isopropyl acetate was found in air samples obtained in the industrialized Kanawha Valley, WV, 1977, concn unknown(3).

Isopropyl acetate has been identified as a component of Concord grape juice essence(1). It was detected in a headspace analysis of intact nectarines, but it was not found in samples of the blended fruit(2). Isopropyl acetate was identified as a volatile flavor component of Kogyoke apples(3).

ISOPROPYL ACETATE IS REPORTED TO BE USED IN NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES @ 16 PPM, IN ICE CREAM, ICES, ... @ 17 PPM, IN CANDY @ 58 PPM, & IN BAKED GOODS @ 75 PPM.

Isopropyl acetate has been detected in the volatiles from cold-stored milk(1).

Isopropyl acetate was identified as having an average concn of 0.4% (w/w) in 29 printer's inks(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 125,376 workers (37,419 of these are female) are potentially exposed to isopropyl acetate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to isopropyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isopropyl acetate is produced or used(SRC). The general population will be exposed to isopropyl acetate via inhalation of ambient air and volatiles of grape juice, nectarines, apples and milk, ingestion of drinking water, and dermal contact with vapors, food and other products containing isopropyl acetate(SRC).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

1. By absorbing it in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and disposing in a secured sanitary landfill. 2. By atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber.

Isopropyl acetate is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for isopropyl acetate: Concentration process: Activated carbon.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ISOPROPYL ACETATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1220; ISOPROPYL ACETATE

IMO 3.2; Isopropyl acetate

49 092 10; Isopropyl acetate

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid

Symbol: F, Xi; R: 11-36-66-67; S: (2)-16-26-29-33; Note: C

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: II