aceticanhydride

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H226 (99.8%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H302 (97.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (99.9%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (46.3%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (18.4%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H331 (11.6%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H332 (67.6%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (10.4%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1712 reports by companies from 39 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H332 (97.4%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

Aggregated GHS information provided per 39 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

H290: May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P234, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P390, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P406, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P273, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H313: May be harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P317, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P320, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give nothing to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

· Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

LARGE FIRE: Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply, responders should withdraw.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not get water inside containers. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

Use alcohol-resistant foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.

Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Use flooding quantities of water.

Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, water mist, alcohol foam.

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary. Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Carbon oxides

Flash back along vapor trail may occur.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container.

· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Remove all ignition sources. Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Remove all ignition sources; Ventilate area of spill or leak; For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place. Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork.

Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, protect personnel, and dilute spills to form nonflammable mixtures. Control runoff and isolate discharge material for proper disposal. Neutralize spill and washings with soda ash or lime.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Absorb /acetic anhydride/ in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and /dispose of/ it in a secured sanitary landfill. Atomize in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

/Small quantities can be absorbed on paper./ ... Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. Acetic anhydride should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner such that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Control methods: process enclosure; local exhaust ventilation; general dilution ventilation; personal protective equipment.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Acetic anhydride (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024)

Store only in original container. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Fireproof. Dry.

Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Store away from heat, oxidizers, and sunlight. Exclude moisture from vapor space in storage tanks.

Store away from ... foods, nitric acid, sodium peroxide.

Keep away from moisture and all alkalies.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

0.1 [ppm]

0.50 [ppm]

15 [ppm]

100 [ppm]

5 ppm (20 mg/m³)

C 5 ppm (20 mg/m3)

5.0 [ppm]

TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) See Appendix G

200 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

200.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Basis for original (SCP) IDLH. . According to AIHA [1971], all rats exposed for 4 hours to 2,000 ppm were dead within 14 days while all rats exposed for 4 hours to 1,000 ppm survived the 14-day observation period [Capellini and Sartorelli 1967]. Because 2,000 ppm is obviously too high to be selected as the IDLH, 1,000 ppm has been chosen. . . . Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for acetic anhydride is 200 ppm based on acute inhalation toxicity data in animals [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969]. This may be a conservative value due to the lack of relevant acute toxicity data for workers.

See: 108247

1.0 [ppm]

3.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 ppm; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 3 ppm.

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

1 ppm as TWA; 3 ppm as STEL; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen)

0.42 mg/m

· When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Large Fire

· Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply, responders should withdraw.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

ERPG-1: 0.5 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 1 = mild transient health effects or objectionable odor [AIHA]

ERPG-2: 15 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 2 = impaired ability to take protective action [AIHA]

ERPG-3: 100 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 3 = life threatening health effects [AIHA]

Emergency Response Planning Guidlines (ERPGs) for acetic anhydride:[Table#912]

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Lachrymation. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause asthma-like reactions (RADS). Inhalation may cause lung oedema, but only after initial corrosive effects on eyes and/or airways have become manifest.

Residues of acetic anhydride are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Use: solvent, cosolvent.

Residues of acetic anhydride are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to animals. Use: solvent, cosolvent, stabilizer.

Acetic anhydride appears as a clear colorless liquid with a strong odor of vinegar. Flash point 129 °F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Density 9.0 lb /gal. Used to make fibers, plastics, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and explosives.

Colorless liquid with a strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor;

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless liquid with a strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor.

Colorless liquid

Very refractive liquid

Strong acetic odor

Strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor

283.19 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

139.5 °C

137.00 to 140.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

139.8 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-99.6 °F (NTP, 1992)

-73.4 °C

-73.1 °C

121 °F (NTP, 1992)

120 °F (49 °C) Closed cup

49 °C c.c.

Soluble in cold (greater than or equal to 10mg/ml); Decomposes in hot (NTP, 1992)

In water, 120 g/L at 20 °C

Slowly soluble in water, forming acetic acid

With alcohol forms ethyl acetate; soluble in chloroform, ether

Soluble in ethanol, benzene; miscible with ethyl ether; slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride

Miscible with ethanol, ether, acetic acid, and ethyl acetate

120 mg/mL at 20 °C

Solubility in water: reaction, releasing heat

1.08 (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.082 g/cu cm at 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.08 (20 °C)

1.082 @ 20°C

3.52 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

3.5 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.5

10 mmHg at 96.8 °F (NTP, 1992)

5.1 [mmHg]

VP: 1 Pa at -44 °C (ext); 10 Pa at -25 °C (ext): 100 Pa at -1 °C (ext); 1 kPa at 31 °C; 10 kPa at 75.1 °C; 100 kPa at 203 °C (ext)

0.680 kPa (5.1 mm Hg) at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 0.5

4.7 [mm Hg] @20 °C

-0.27 (calculated)

Flammable. Reacts violently with water to generate acetic acid. This reaction is heightened by the presence of mineral acids (nitric, perchloric, sulfuric acid, etc.) [Chem. Eng. News 25, 3458].

Anhydrides

Water-Reactive

CSL00004

Acetic anhydride + NITRIC ACID

Can explode and/or have large exotherm. Use only 1 eq. HNO3 and in high dilution.

Explosive

Nitration

User-Reported

CSL00021

Acetic anhydride + Hydrogen peroxide

explosion hazard: anhydride could have combined with peracetic acid to form diacetyl peroxide. This organic peroxide is known to be a shock-sensitive explosive

oxidation

CSL00067

Acetic anhydride + ACETIC ACID + NITRIC ACID

Potentially explosive

ACETIC ANHYDRIDE reacts violently on contact with water, steam, methanol, ethanol, glycerol and boric acid. Reaction with water is particularly dangerous in presence with mineral acids (e.g., nitric, perchloric, chromic, sulfuric acid) [Chem. Eng. News 25, 3458]. Potentially explosive reactions with oxidizing reagents such as barium peroxide, chromium trioxide, chromic acid, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, peroxyacetic acid, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide. [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 15]. Reacts violently with metal nitrates used as nitrating agents [Davey W. et al., Chem. & Ind., 1948, p. 814].

A violent reaction /acetic anhydride and glycerol/ occurs between these reactants in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride as a catalyst.

...can react vigorously with oxidizing materials, will react violently on contact with water or steam.

Use of mixtures of metal nitrates with acetic anhydride as a nitrating agent may be hazardous, depending on the proportions of reactants and on the cation; copper nitrate or sodium nitrate usually cause a violent reactions.

Mixing acetic anhydride with chromic acid caused a violent reaction with the release of heat.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for Acetic anhydride (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Water, alcohols, strong oxidizers (especially chromic acid), amines, strong caustics [Note: Corrosive to iron, steel & other metals. Reacts with water to form acetic acid.]

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Acetic anhydride ia a colorless liquid with a strong acetic odor. It is used in manufacture of acetyl compounds, cellulose acetates. The other applications include uses as acetylizer and solvent in examining wool fat, glycerol, fatty and volatile oils, resins; detection of rosin. It is widely used in organic synthesis, as dehydrating agent in nitrations, sulfonations and other reactions where removal of water is necessary. To reduce heroin availability, the United Nations has encouraged nations to control acetic anhydride, an essential ("precursor") chemical typically necessary to the drug's production. HUMAN STUDIES: Known to be a severe eye and skin irritant. Severe burns and vesiculation of human skin have been reported from liquid splashes, and concentrated vapor produces primary irritation. The immediate effect of exposure at vapor concentrations above 5 ppm is acute irritation of the eye. Inhalation can cause nasopharyngeal and upper respiratory tract irritation, with burning sensations, cough and dyspnea. Prolonged exposure may lead to pulmonary edema and death. ANIMAL STUDIES: Inhalation of 2000 ppm by rats for 4 hours caused deaths. It caused severe eye burns in rabbits. Rats were exposed to inhalation of vapors containing 0, 1, 5, or 20 ppm acetic anhydride for 6 hr/day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks. Clinical observations of eye and respiratory tract irritation and reduced body weights were observed primarily at 20 ppm. Inhalation exposure of pregnant female rats to 0, 25, 100, or 400 ppm 6 hr/day during days 6-15 of gestation caused fetotoxicity in a screening study with female rats exposed to the highly irritating, maternally toxic dose of 100 ppm vapor during gestation. In maternal animals at 100 ppm, severe respiratory tract irritation and body weight reduction were observed, and at 25 ppm substantial irritation of the respiratory tract was observed. No developmental effects were seen at 25 ppm even though substantial irritation of the respiratory tract was observed in maternal animals. Acetic anhydride was negative for mutagenicity in five Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA97, TA98, and TA100) in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: The results of various laboratory tests with aquatic organisms, in which the toxic threshold concentrations for acetic anhydride were found to be about half those for acetic acid, suggest an initial toxic effect, so long as not all of the substance has hydrolyzed to acetic acid (during the first few minutes).

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation in the throat and chest. Shortness of breath. Chest pain. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns. Blisters.

Redness. Watering of the eyes. Pain. Severe burns. Corneal damage.

Burns in mouth and throat. Abdominal pain. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Severe thirst. Shock or collapse.

conjunctivitis, lacrimation (discharge of tears), corneal edema, opacity, photophobia (abnormal visual intolerance to light); nasal, pharyngeal irritation; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), bronchitis; skin burns, vesiculation, sensitization dermatitis

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.

LC50 (rat) = 1,000 ppm/4H

LD50 Rat oral 1780 mg/kg

LD50 Rabbit dermal 4000 mg/kg

LC50 Rat inhalation 1680 mg/cu m 6 hr

LC50 Rat inhalation 1000 ppm 4 hr

Aerosol of acetic acid and acetic anhydride was released for a reactor in an industrial accident exposing workers. All exposed workers complained of severe conjunctival and naso-pharyngeal irritation, harsh cough, and some dyspnea. Of the 18 workers exposed, 14 were admitted to the hospital showing intense conjunctivities and acute pharyngo-laryngitis. Twelve showed numerous corneal abrasions, 11 presented necrotic areas in the nasal mucosa, and 12 showed spastic bronchitis. Two workers suffered first and second degree burns on the legs. Complete recovery occurred in 5-25 days.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic acids and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Activated charcoal is not effective ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag- valve- mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/

Initial Medical Screening-Chronic Respiratory Disease: In persons with impaired pulmonary function, especially those with obstructive airway diseases, the breathing of acetic anhydride might cause exacerbation of symptoms due to its irritant properties. Skin disease: Acetic anhydride is a primary skin irritant. Persons with pre-existing skin disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of this agent. Eye disease: Acetic anhydride is a severe eye irritant and may cause tissue damage. Those with pre-existing eye problems may be at increased risk from exposure.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Contamination of eye by ... small amount of liquid causes ... burning discomfort ... followed some hrs later by increased severity of reaction, with corneal and conjunctival edema. Interstitial corneal opacity may develop ... .

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Severe burns and vesiculation of human skin have been reported from liquid splashes, and concentrated vapor produces primary irritation. The immediate effect of exposure at vapor concentrations above 5 ppm is acute irritation of the eye.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acetic anhydride is a strong irritant and has corrosive properties on contact with eyes, usually with delayed action; contact is followed by lacrimation, photophobia, conjunctivitis and corneal edema. Inhalation can cause nasopharyngeal and upper respiratory tract irritation, with burning sensations, cough and dyspnea; prolonged exposure may lead to pulmonary edema.

/CASE REPORTS/ ... Known to be a severe eye and skin irritant. ... 16 cases of corneal burns /reported/ in humans, 1 of which resulted in loss of vision.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Acetic anhydride (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... Inhalation of 2000 ppm by rats for 4 hours caused deaths. It caused severe eye burns in rabbits.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ /Acetic anhydride/ ...penetrates intact corneal epithelium rapidly and reaches iris in concentration high enough to cause iritis.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Rats were exposed to inhalation of vapors containing 0, 1, 5, or 20 ppm /acetic anhydride/ for 6 hr/day, 5 days per week for 13 weeks. Clinical observations of eye and respiratory tract irritation and reduced body weights were observed primarily at 20 ppm. Microscopic examination of tissue revealed signs of irritation of minimal severity in the respiratory tract (nasal passages; larynx) in most animals at the 5 ppm level. At 20 ppm, all animals showed minimal to moderate respiratory tract irritation (nasal passages; larynx; trachea; lungs). Systemic effects were not observed at 5 or 20 ppm. No effects were detected at 1 ppm. In animals exposed to the same level of acetic anhydride for 13 weeks and then allowed a 13 week period without exposure, significant recovery from irritation effects were reported.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ Inhalation exposure of pregnant female rats to 0, 25, 100, or 400 ppm 6 hr/day during days 6-15 of gestation ... caused fetotoxicity in a screening study with female rats exposed to the highly irritating, maternally toxic dose of 100 ppm vapor during gestation. At 100 ppm, severe respiratory tract irritation and body weight reduction were observed in the maternal animals. No developmental effects were seen at 25 ppm even though substantial irritation of the respiratory tract was observed in maternal animals. The NOEL for developmental/reproductive effects was considered to be 25 ppm.

/GENOTOXICITY/ Acetic anhydride was evaluated for mutagenicity in the Salmonella/ microsome preincubation assay using the standard protocol approved by the National Toxicology Program. Acetic anhydride was tested at doses of 0.0033, 0.01, 0.033, 0.10, 0.19, 0.33, 0.90, and 1.0 mg/plate in as many as 5 Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA97, TA98, and TA100) in the presence and absence of rat or hamster liver S9. Acetic anhydride was negative in these tests and the highest ineffective dose tested in any S. typhimurium strain was 1.0 mg/plate. This dose exhibited some clearing of the background bacterial lawn.

EPA has released the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays/[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of July 27, 2017: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Status of Agents Search page, which tabulates the results and current status of tests such as "Short-Term Toxicity Studies", "Long-term Carcinogenicity Studies", "Developmental Studies", "Genetic Toxicology Studies", etc., performed with this chemical. Testing status for acetic anhydride is available.[Available from, as of July 26, 2017: https://ntpsearch.niehs.nih.gov/?e=True&ContentType=Testing+Status]

EC50; Species: Chlorococcales (Green Algae Order); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 200000 ug/L for 24 hr; Effect: physiology, assimilation efficiency /formulation/

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The results of various laboratory tests with aquatic organisms, in which the toxic threshold concentrations for acetic anhydride were found to be about half those for acetic acid, suggest an initial toxic effect, so long as not all of the substance has hydrolyzed to acetic acid (during the first few minutes).

Environmental effects of the substance have been adequately investigated, but no significant effects have been found.

Acetic anhydride's production and use in the preparation of cellulose acetate fibers and plastics, and as a dehydrating and acetylating agent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 5.1 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates acetic anhydride will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase acetic anhydride will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 190 days. Acetic anhydride does not absorb light with wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to moist soil, hydrolysis to acetic acid is the major fate process. Acetic anhydride may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, acetic anhydride will rapidly hydrolyze to acetic acid; the half-life of acetic anhydride in water is 4.4 minutes at 25 °C. Bioconcentration of acetic anhydride in aquatic organisms is unlikely due its rapid hydrolysis. Occupational exposure to acetic anhydride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where acetic anhydride is produced or used. No monitoring data were found for acetic anhydride. Due to acetic anhydride's rapid hydrolysis, it is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to this chemical; however, acetic anhydride may exist as a vapor in dry air. (SRC)

EC50; Species: Chlorococcales (Green Algae Order); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 200000 ug/L for 24 hr; Effect: physiology, assimilation efficiency /formulation/

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The results of various laboratory tests with aquatic organisms, in which the toxic threshold concentrations for acetic anhydride were found to be about half those for acetic acid, suggest an initial toxic effect, so long as not all of the substance has hydrolyzed to acetic acid (during the first few minutes).

Environmental effects of the substance have been adequately investigated, but no significant effects have been found.

Acetic anhydride's production and use in the preparation of cellulose acetate fibers and plastics, and as a dehydrating and acetylating agent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 5.1 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates acetic anhydride will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase acetic anhydride will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 190 days. Acetic anhydride does not absorb light with wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to moist soil, hydrolysis to acetic acid is the major fate process. Acetic anhydride may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, acetic anhydride will rapidly hydrolyze to acetic acid; the half-life of acetic anhydride in water is 4.4 minutes at 25 °C. Bioconcentration of acetic anhydride in aquatic organisms is unlikely due its rapid hydrolysis. Occupational exposure to acetic anhydride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where acetic anhydride is produced or used. No monitoring data were found for acetic anhydride. Due to acetic anhydride's rapid hydrolysis, it is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to this chemical; however, acetic anhydride may exist as a vapor in dry air. (SRC)

Acetic anhydride's production and use in the manufacture of acetyl compounds, cellulose acetates, as an actulizer and solvent in examining wool fat, glycerol, fatty and volatile oils, resins, detection of rosin, wide use in organic synthesis (specifically as a dehydrating agent in nitrations, sulfonations and other reactions where removal of water is necessary), preparation of anhydrous acetic acid(1,2), preparation of cellulose acetate fibers, dehydrating and acetylating agent in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, perfumes, explosives, aspirin and esterifying agent for food starch(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Acetic anhydride is expected to hydrolyze on moist soil to acetic acid(SRC). The half-life for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is 4.4 minutes(SRC), based on a rate constant of 0.002625 1/sec at 25 °C(1). The potential for volatilization of acetic anhydride from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 5.1 mm Hg(2).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: When spilled onto /dry/ soil, acetic anhydride will readily infiltrate downward ...

AQUATIC FATE: Acetic anhydride is expected to undergo rapid hydrolysis in the environment given a hydrolysis half-life of 4.4 minutes(SRC), based on a rate constant of 0.002625 1/sec at 25 °C(1). Bioconcentration of acetic anhydride in aquatic organisms is unlikely due its rapid hydrolysis(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), acetic anhydride, which has a vapor pressure of 5.1 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase acetic anhydride is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 190 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.4X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Acetic anhydride does not absorb light with wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Since acetic anhydride is a relatively non-volatile liquid, direct venting of the vapor to the atmosphere from a hole in a ruptured vessel does not consitiute a significant hazard downwind. Vapor may be released from a liquid pool spilled on a ground or water surface.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of acetic anhydride with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 8.4X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 190 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The half-life for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is 4.4 minutes(SRC), based on a rate constant of 0.002625 1/sec at 25 °C(2). Acetic anhydride does not absorb light with wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The half-life for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is 4.4 minutes(SRC), based on a rate constant of 0.002625 1/sec at 25 °C(1). Bioconcentration of acetic anhydride in aquatic organisms is unlikely due its rapid hydrolysis(SRC).

No potential for biological accumulation or food chain contamination.

The half-life for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is 4.4 minutes(SRC), based on a rate constant of 0.002625 1/sec at 25 °C(1). Hydrolysis is expected to be the predominate fate of acetic anhydride in soil(SRC).

The half-life for the hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is 4.4 minutes(SRC), based on a rate constant of 0.002625 1/sec at 25 °C(1). Hydrolysis is expected to be the predominate fate of acetic anhydride in moist soil and water (SRC). The potential for volatilization of acetic anhydride from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 5.1 mm Hg(2).

According to the 2016 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, nn reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of acetic anhydride in the United States may be as low as 50 workers and as high as <100 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 92,428 workers (11.630 of these are female) were potentially exposed to acetic anhydride in the US(1). Occupational exposure to acetic anhydride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where acetic anhydride is produced or used. Due to acetic anhydride's rapid hydrolysis, it is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to this chemical; however, acetic anhydride may exist as a vapor in dry air(SRC).

Acetic anhydride can affect the body if it is inhaled or if it comes in contact with the eyes or skin. It can also affect the body if it is swallowed.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Absorb /acetic anhydride/ in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and /dispose of/ it in a secured sanitary landfill. Atomize in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

/Small quantities can be absorbed on paper./ ... Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. Acetic anhydride should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

/GUIDE 137 SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: EXCEPT FOR ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (UN1715), THAT IS FLAMMABLE, some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff. Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water. Substance may be transported in a molten form.

/GUIDE 137 SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Health: CORROSIVE and/or TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 137 SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Ventilate enclosed areas.

/GUIDE 137 SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Acetic anhydride (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1715; Acetic anhydride

IMO 8; Acetic anhydride

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Acetic anhydride is included on the dangerous goods list.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Acetic anhydride is included on the dangerous goods list.

Corrosive Flammable Liquid

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

UN Hazard Class: 8; UN Subsidiary Risks: 3; UN Pack Group: II