cyclohexylamine

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H361f ***: Suspected of damaging fertility [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H226 (90.4%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H302 (90.1%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H311 (61.4%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H312 (38.4%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (99.8%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (58.7%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H361 (92.9%): Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H412 (40.4%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1104 reports by companies from 28 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H340: May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H361f: Suspected of damaging fertility [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention . Give one or two glasses of water to drink.

Warning: Cyclohexylamine is an alkaline-corrosive agent. Contact with eyes may result in severe damage to the cornea, conjunctiva, and blood vessels. Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Cyclohexylamine Exposure: Acute exposure to cyclohexylamine may result in irritation and burning of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Light-headedness, drowsiness, slurred speech, pupillary dilation, increased salivation, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), abdominal pain, and spontaneous vomiting may occur. Stridor (high-pitched, noisy respirations), dyspnea (shortness of breath), and pulmonary edema are also common. Apathy and mental confusion may develop, with progression to coma and death.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to cyclohexylamine exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to cyclohexylamine.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to cyclohexylamine.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 30 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas for at least 15 minutes with water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize!

4. Activated charcoal is of no value.

5. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.

6. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Use dry chemical, alcohol foam or carbon dioxide; water may be ineffective. Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Stay away from ends of tanks. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Isolate for one-half mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. (EPA, 1998)

Use water in large amounts, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Solid streams of water may be ineffective and spread material.

VAPORS ARE HEAVIER THAN AIR AND MAY TRAVEL TO A SOURCE OF IGNITION & FLASH BACK.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material.

· For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads).

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Eliminate all ignition sources. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors, protect personnel, and dilute spills to form nonflammable mixtures. Approach release from upwind. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material. For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads). Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from acids, oxidants, aluminium, copper, zinc and food and feedstuffs. Well closed.

Outside or detached storage is preferred. Avoid oxidizing materials, acid, and sources of halogen. Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

2.0 [ppm]

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

AEGLs Status: Final

1.8 [ppm]

8.6 [ppm]

30 [ppm]

10 ppm (40 mg/m³)

TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3)

none See Appendix G

See: IDLH INDEX

10.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 10 ppm.

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

10 ppm as TWA; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen).

10 ppm [1990]

8.2 mg/m

· Some of these materials may react violently with water.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Do not get water inside containers.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Table: AEGLs for CYCLOHEXYLAMINE (ppm) [Table#2421]

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Cyclohexylamine:

Cyclohexylamine appears as a clear colorless to yellow liquid with an odor of ammonia. Flash point 90 °F. Irritates the eyes and respiratory system. Skin contact may cause burns. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Toxic oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion.

Colorless or yellow liquid with a strong, fishy, amine-like odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless to yellow liquid with an odor of ammonia.

Colorless or yellow liquid with a strong, fishy, amine-like odor.

Colorless or yellow liquid.

Strong, fishy, amine odor.

274.1 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

134.5 °C @ 760 mm Hg

134.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

134.5 °C

134 °C @760 [mm Hg]

0.1 °F (EPA, 1998)

-17.7 °C

-17.8 °C

88 °F (EPA, 1998)

88 °F, 31 °C (Closed Cup)

28 °C c.c.

Very soluble (NTP, 1992)

Very soluble in ethanol, miscible in ether and acetone.

Miscible with common organic solvents: alcohol, ethers, ketones, esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons; completely miscible with aromatic hydrocarbons.

SOL IN CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, MINERAL OIL, PEANUT OIL AND SOYA BEAN OIL

Miscible with water.

1000 mg/mL at 20 °C

Solubility in water: miscible

Miscible

0.8647 at 77 °F (EPA, 1998) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8647 @ 25 °C/25 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.86

0.8647 @25 °C

3.42 (EPA, 1998) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

3.42 (Air= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.42

11 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

10.1 [mmHg]

10.1 mm Hg @ 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 1.4

7.5 [mm Hg] @22 °C

log Kow = 1.49

Henry's Law constant= 4.16X10-6 atm-cu m/mole @ 25 °C

Highly flammable. Sensitive to air and light. Soluble in water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Highly Flammable

CYCLOHEXYLAMINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Oxidizers, organic compounds, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, acids, lead [Note: Corrosive to copper, aluminum, zinc & galvanized steel].

Oxidizers, organic compounds, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, acids, lead [Note: Corrosive to copper, aluminum, zinc & galvanized steel.]

Cyclohexylamine

Reproductive

2 x 10 ^-1 mg/kg-day

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Burning sensation. Cough. Laboured breathing. Nausea. Vomiting.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

Dizziness. Abdominal cramps. Burning sensation. Vomiting. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse. Nausea.

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane, respiratory system; eye, skin burns; skin sensitization; cough, pulmonary edema; drowsiness, dizziness; diarrhea, nausea, vomiting

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

IRIS Current

HEAST Current

LC50 (rat) = 7,500 mg/m3

LD50 Rat oral 156 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse oral 224 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse subcutaneous 115 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse ip 129 mg/kg

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for CYCLOHEXYLAMINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does Not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin buRNs with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

CYCLOHEXYLAMINE IS WEAK METHEMOGLOBIN-FORMING SUBSTANCE.

In human patch tests 25% soln produced severe skin irritation & possible skin sensitization.

... Reported three cases of transitory systemic toxic effects from acute accidental industrial exposures. The symptoms were light-headedness, drowsiness, anxiety and apprehension, and nausea. Slurred speech, vomiting, and pupillary dilatation occurred in one case. Operators exposed to 4 to 10 ppm had no symptoms.

MODERN COMPENDIUMS RATE CYCLOHEXYLAMINE AS MODERATELY TOXIC OR VERY TOXIC, & NOTE THAT AMINE IS INTENSELY IRRITATING TO SKIN & IS REGARDED AS MODERATE SENSITIZING POTENTIAL.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CYCLOHEXYLAMINE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

CNS DEPRESSION. /FROM TABLE/

IN CONTRAST WITH MARGINAL EFFECTS NOTED...IN WHICH FAIRLY LARGE DOSES OF CYCLOHEXYLAMINE WERE ADMINISTERED /INVESTIGATORS/ FOUND NO EFFECTS IN RATS OR RABBITS ON FERTILITY, REPRODUCTION, EMBRYOGENESIS & PERI- AND POST-NATAL DEVELOPMENT.

/INVESTIGATORS/ STUDIED THE INDUCTION OF CHROMOSOME DAMAGE IN RATS AFTER IP INJECTION OF THE AMINE & FOUND A DOSE-DEPENDENT INCR IN CHROMOSOMAL BREAKS. THE AUTHORS CONSIDERED THIS INDICATIVE OF POTENTIAL CARCINOGENIC, MUTAGENIC OR TERATOGENIC ACTIVITY OF CYCLOHEXYLAMINE.

INHALATION EXPOSURE OF RATS TO 12000 PPM OF VAPOR FOR 6 HR CAUSED 2 DEATHS IN 3 ANIMALS BY END OF 48 HR. HOWEVER, RATS WITHSTOOD 6-HR EXPOSURE TO 1000 PPM WITHOUT DEVELOPMENT OF SIGNS OF TOXICITY OR DEATHS.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CYCLOHEXYLAMINE (22 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Cyclohexylamine (CAS # 108-91-8) was evaluated for acute dermal toxicity in solitary male and female New Zealand albino rabbits alternately administered single undiluted dermal applications of 398, 631, 1000, and 1580 mg/kg bodyweight for 24 hours. Clinical signs were observed at all dose levels and included reduced appetite and activity, increasing weakness and collapse. The 1000 mg/kg male and the 1580 mg/kg female both died within 16 hours of treatment, while solitary male and female rabbits of the 398 and 631 mg/kg doses, respectively, saw resolution of all pharmacotoxic signs within 5-7 days. Upon necropsy, the high dose study lethalities were found with lung and liver hyperemia, dark spleen and kidneys, and enlarged gall bladder, while the viscera of the male and female surviving 14-day post-treatment observation appeared normal.

Cyclohexylamine (CAS # 108-91-8) was evaluated for acute inhalation toxicity in 6 male Sprague-Dawley albino rats exposed in a 35 L inhalation chamber to an atmospheric concentration of 13.7 mg/L for 6 hours. During the exposure, rats exhibited nasal and ocular discharge, labored breathing, roughened fur and lethargy. Reduced appetite and activity lasted for one day after treatment. Post-treatment responses were primarily marked by ocular signs of toxicity including near blindness due to corneal cloudiness for 2-6 days. Two of 6 rats had complete loss of sight with corneal blistering upon the final 14th day observation, while all other (4/6) rats were cleared of any clinical signs of toxicity. Upon terminal necropsy on Day 14, all viscera appeared normal.

Cyclohexylamine (CAS # 108-91-8) was evaluated for acute oral toxicity in groups of 10 female Swiss-Webster mice administered single peroral doses of 5.0, 6.0, 6.5, 7.5, and 10.0 cc/kg bodyweight (1:10 in 0.5% methylcellulose). Study mortality was comprised of 1/10, 2/10, 4/10, 6/10, and 8/10 of successive incremental dosage groups, respectively, consistent with a LD50 of 730 mg/kg (95% C.L. = 640-830). Death occurred from 1/4 to 2 hours after treatment. Clinical signs of a systemic toxicity included hypokinesis, dyspnea, hyperpnea, diarrhea, diuresis, ptosis, piloerection, salivation, lacrimation, occult blood in urine and feces, cyanosis, somnolence, cachexia, weight loss, and hyperkinesis, random biting and chewing, ataxia, jerking, tremors, opisthotonos, irritability, limb abduction, paralysis, tail erection, hypothermia, clonic convulsions, tonic convulsions, increased and/or decreased muscle tone. Treatment was also associated with vocalization, tissue irritation to necrosis, writhing, self-decimation, and quiet death.

Cyclohexylamine (CAS # 108-91-8) was evaluated for acute oral toxicity in groups of 10 female Swiss-Webster mice administered single peroral cyclohexylamine.HCl (10% solution in 0.5% methylcellulose) at doses of 400, 500, 600, 750, 850, 1250, and 1500 mg/kg. Treatment was associated with mortality in 0/10, 3/10, 6/10, 8/10, 9/10, 9/10, and 10/10 of successive incremental dosage groups, respectively, consistent with a LD50 of 530 mg/kg (95% C.L. 441-637). At doses of 400 mg/kg, mice exhibited clinical signs of toxicity including increased activity, increased respiration, tail erection, salivation, irritability, jerking, clonic convulsions, and death at 1-18 hours following treatment.

1.60e+04

2.30e+05

3.80e+03

2.00e+02

1.00e+00

2.00e-01

Volatile

2.93e+05

4.70e+04

7.00e+05

1.20e+04

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

Cyclohexylamine's production and use as a corrosion inhibitor in boiling water treatment facilities and chemical intermediate in the manufacture of insecticides, plasticizers, emulsifying agents, dry-cleaning soaps and acid gas absorbents may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 10.1 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates cyclohexylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cyclohexylamine as a free base will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 hours. If released to soil, cyclohexylamine is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 150. The pKa of cyclohexylamine is 10.6, indicating that this compound will exist in the protonated form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces will not be an important fate process because the cation is not expected to volatilize. Cyclohexylamine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation is expected to occur in soils based on standard biodegradation studies. A 100% theoretical BOD was observed for 10 mg/l of cyclohexylamine using an acclimated sewage inoculum, plant sludge and river mud over a 14 day incubation period. If released into water, cyclohexylamine is expected to exist primarily as a cation and will adsorb to suspended solids in the water column. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process since this compound is expected to exist in the protonated form in water surfaces. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where cyclohexylamine is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to cyclohexylamine primarily through respiratory routes especially at buildings where cyclohexylamine is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems. (SRC)

Cyclohexylamine is not known to occur as a natural product(1).

Cyclohexylamine's production and use as a corrosion inhibitor in boiling water treatment facilities and chemical intermediate in the manufacture of insecticides, plasticizers, emulsifying agents, dry-cleaning soaps and acid gas absorbents will result in its release to the environment through a variety of waste streams(1,SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 150(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of 1.49(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that cyclohexylamine as the free base is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). A pKa value of 10.6(4) indicates that the protonated form of cyclohexylamine will be the dominant species in moist soil surfaces and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization of cyclohexylamine from moist soil surfaces is not an important fate process since the cation will not volatilize. The potential for volatilization of cyclohexylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 10.1 mm Hg(5). Biodegradation is expected to occur in soils based on standard biodegradability tests conducted with activated sludge and sewage inocula(6-8).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 150(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of 1.49(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that cyclohexylamine as the free base is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa value of 10.6(4) indicates that the protonated form of cyclohexylamine will be the predominant species in water and cations generally adsorb more strongly than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from water surfaces is not an important fate process(SRC) since the protonated form will not volatilize. According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.49(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Biodegradation is expected to occur in aquatic environments based on standard biodegradability tests conducted with activated sludge and sewage inocula(7-9).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), cyclohexylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 10.1 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cyclohexylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3).

A 100% theoretical BOD was observed for 10 mg/l of cyclohexylamine in an acclimated sewage inoculum, plant sludge and river mud over a 14 day incubation period(1). The theoretical BOD of cyclohexylamine (50 mg/l) was 79%, 68 % and 0% in an acclimated sewage inoculum, plant sludge and river mud respectively over a 14 day incubation period(1). The theoretical BOD of cyclohexylamine (100 mg/l) was 79%, 0% and 0% in an acclimated sewage inoculum, plant sludge and river mud respectively over a 14 day incubation period(1). A 200 mg/l sample of cyclohexylamine could not be biodegraded by an activated sludge and was assumed to be toxic to the microflora(2). A theoretical oxygen demand between 25 and 45% was observed for cyclohexylamine in a Warburg apparatus during a 5 day incubation period(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cyclohexylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 7 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Cyclohexylamine will exist predominantly in the protonated form in the environment based on a pKa of 10.6(2). Cyclohexylamine is not expected to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental UV spectrum(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for cyclohexylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.49(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of cyclohexylamine is estimated as 150(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 1.49(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that cyclohexylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of cyclohexylamine is 10.6(4), indicating that the protonated form will be the predominant species in moist soils and cations are expected to adsorb strongly to soil surfaces.

With a pKa of 10.6(1), cyclohexylamine will exist predominantly in protonated form in the environment and the protonated form of cyclohexylamine is not expected to volatilize from water or moist soil surfaces(2). The potential for volatilization of cyclohexylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 10.1 mm Hg(3).

Cyclohexylamine was detected, not quantified, in the leachate of 2 low-level radioactive disposal facilities located in Maxey Flats, Kentucky and West Valley, New York(1). Effluent from a tire manufacturing plant contained cyclohexylamine at approximately 0.01 ppm(2).

INDOOR AIR: The average concentration of cyclohexylamine was measured as 0.7 ppb in the indoor air of a building in Columbus Ohio where cyclohexylamine is used as a corrosion inhibitor in the boiler system of the building(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 64,346 workers (2,914 of these are female) are potentially exposed to cyclohexylamine in the US(1). Occupational exposure may be through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where cyclohexylamine is produced or used(SRC). The general population may be exposed to cyclohexylamine primarily through respiratory routes especially at buildings where cyclohexylamine is used as a corrosion inhibitor in steam boiler systems(2).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CYCLOHEXYLAMINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2357; Cyclohexylamine

IMO 8.0; Cyclohexylamine

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Corrosive Flammable Liquid

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: C; R: 10-21/22-34; S: (1/2)-36/37/39-45

UN Hazard Class: 8; UN Subsidiary Risks: 3; UN Pack Group: II