Butylamine

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H311 (33.5%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H312 (66.5%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (31%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (20.1%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H331 (15.2%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H332 (64.7%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (32.1%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 2197 reports by companies from 26 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting. Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

Some of these materials may react violently with water.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Do not get water inside containers.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water in large amounts, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.

Do not use a solid stream of water because the stream will scatter and spread the fire. ... Fire fighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full set of protective clothing.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Fire Fighting: Use self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.

VAPORS ARE HEAVIER THAN AIR & MAY TRAVEL CONSIDERABLE DISTANCE TO SOURCE OF IGNITION & FLASH BACK.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material.

· For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads).

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable. /Butyl Amines/

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. ... butylamine should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion. Sewers designed to preclude the formation of explosive concentrations of butylamine vapors are permitted.

Environmental considerations-land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Incineration; incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions. Alternatively it may be poured into sodium bisulfate, neutralized and flushed with water.

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

... Substitution of less irritating substances ... redesign of operations ... prevent contact, provision of a physical barrier against contact, proper washing facilities, work clothing and storage facilities, protective clothing, and barrier creams. Medical control ...

Clothing contaminated with liquid butylamine should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of butylamine from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the butylamine, the person performing the operation should be informed of butylamine's hazardous properties. Where there is any possibility of exposure of an employee's body to liquid butylamine, facilities for quick drenching of the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use. Any clothing which becomes contaminated with liquid butylamine should be removed immediately and not reworn until the butylamine is removed from the clothing.

Provide general and local exhaust ventilation (explosion proof) to meet TLV requirements. ... Fume hoods should have an average face velocity of 100 linear ft/min. All electrical service in use or storage areas should have an explosion-proof design. ... If liquid gets on the skin, the exposed area should be drenched with water immediately, make ... eyewash stations readily available in use and handling areas.

Ground and bond containers and equipment when transferring or pouring liquid to prevent static sparks. Use non-sparking tools. Do not smoke in areas where this material is handled or stored.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material. For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads). Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from food and feedstuffs. See Chemical Dangers.

Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.

Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from oxidizing materials, acids, and sources of halogens. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

2.0 [ppm]

6.0 [ppm]

50 [ppm]

300 [ppm]

5 ppm (15 mg/m³) [15 minutes]

C 5 ppm (15 mg/m3) [skin]

5 ppm (15 mg/m³)

300 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

300.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Other animal data: Rats have survived a 4­hour exposure to 2,000 ppm [Cheever et al. 1982]. It has been stated that butylamine is more than twice as toxic as ethylamine by the respiratory route [ACGIH 1991].

See: 109739

5.0 [ppm]

Ceiling Limit: 5 ppm, skin.

5 ppm as STEL; (skin).

6.1 mg/m

· Some of these materials may react violently with water.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Do not get water inside containers.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Australia: 5 ppm, peak limitation, skin (1990); Federal Republic of Germany: 5 ppm, short-term level 25 ppm, 30 min, 2 times per shift (1990); Sweden: 5 ppm ceiling limit, skin (1984); United Kingdom: 5 ppm, 10 min STEL 15 ppm, skin (1991)

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance and the vapour are corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation of the vapour may cause lung oedema. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for n-Butylamine:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

N-butylamine appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Flash point 10 °F. Less dense (6.2 lb / gal) than water. Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.

Colorless liquid with a fishy ammonia-like odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR. TURNS YELLOW ON STANDING.

Colourless liquid, tends to yellow on standing; Ammoniacal aroma

Colorless liquid with a fishy, ammonia-like odor.

CLEAR, COLORLESS LIQUID

Amine odor

... Fishy, ammonia-like odor.

172.4 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

77.00 to 78.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

78 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-58 °F (NTP, 1992)

10 °F (NTP, 1992)

strong at 3-10 ppm. [ACGIH] 10 °F

30 °F (-1 °C) (Open Cup)

-12 °C (10 °F) closed cup.

-12 °C c.c.

Soluble (>=10 mg/ml) (NTP, 1992)

Miscible with alcohol, ether

In water, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible) at 25 °C

1000 mg/mL at 20 °C

Solubility in water: miscible

Soluble in water

Soluble (in ethanol)

Miscible

0.741 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.7327 at 25 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.74

0.732-0.740

0.7327 @ 20°C

2.52 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

2.5 (AIR = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.5

72 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

92.9 [mmHg]

92.9 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 10.9

92.9 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = 0.97

Henry's Law constant = 1.74X10-5 atm cu-m/mol at 25 °C

Highly flammable. Dissolves in water with evolution of heat. The resulting solutions are basic.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Highly Flammable

N-BUTYLAMINE reacts violently with strong oxidizing agents and acids. Attacks copper and copper compounds [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980 p. 123]. Reacts with hypochlorites to give N-chloroamines which may be explosive when isolated [Bretherick 1979 p. 108].

Forms explosive mixture with air. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. n-Butylamine is a weak base; reacts with strong oxidizers and acids causing fire and explosion hazard. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Attacks some metals in presence of moitsure. /Butyl Amines/

Incompatiblities: Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fires and explosions. Contact with strong acids will cause spattering.

Strong oxidizers, strong acids.

Explodes on contact with perchloryl fluoride.

Strong oxidizers, strong acids [Note: May corrode some metals in presence of water.]

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Headache. Flushing of the face. Vomiting. Dizziness. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Pain. Redness. Blisters. Skin burns.

Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns. Loss of vision.

Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting. Shock or collapse.

irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; headache; skin flush, burns

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LCLo (rat) = 4,000 ppm/4H

LD50 Rat oral 500 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 366 mg/kg

LD50 Rat ip 48 mg/kg

LC50 Rat inhalation 4.2 mg/cu m/4 hr

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mg/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Immediate skin and eye reactions are not appreciably altered by prolonged washing or attempts at neutralzation when these are commenced within 15 sec after application.

Employees should be screened for history of /chronic respiratory, skin, or eye disease/ which might place the employee at increased risk from butylamine exposure. Any employee developing /these/ conditions should be referred for further medical examination.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Workers with daily exposures of from 5 to 10 ppm complain of nose, throat, and eye irritation, and headaches. ... Daily exposures to less than 5 ppm (most often between 1 and 2 ppm) produce no complaints or symptoms.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Exposure to excessive concn of vapor may result in erythema, ... faintness, coughing, chest pains, dizziness, depression, convulsions, /CNS depression/, and possibly unconsciousness. Exposure of this nature is unlikely, however, because of the irritating properties of the vapor. ... Contact with the eyes may cause burns, severe damage, and loss of vision. Ingestion of n-butylamine causes irritation to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract and may cause nausea, vomiting, and possibly death. Skin absorption may cause nausea, vomiting, and shock.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Potent skin, eye, mucous membrane irritant.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Immediate skin and eye reactions are not appreciably altered by prolonged washing or attempts at neutralzation when these are commenced within 15 sec after application.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ ... The presence of volatile aliphatic amines ... in human breast milk and amniotic fluid /was measured/ to assess their role in neonatal hypergastrinemia. These volatile nitrogenous amino acid metabolites have been previously demonstrated to stimulate gastrin release in in vivo and in vitro laboratory preparations. ... The present study ... demonstrated that these gastrin-stimulatory volatile amines were present in significant concentrations in breast milk during the first several weeks after parturition and in amniotic fluid. The individual amines that were identified in both human milk and amniotic fluid samples were methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, trimethylamine, propylamine, isobutylamine, and butylamine. This study provides indirect evidence to support the possibility that the hypergastrinemia measured in the fetus/neonate during the period immediately before and after birth may be attributable, in part, to the ingestion of fluid containing high concentrations of gastrin-stimulating amines.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ N-butylamine ... at measured concn of 3000 to 5000 ppm produces an immediate irritant response, labored breathing, and pulmonary edema with death of all rats in minutes to hours. 10 and 50 percent vol/vol aq solutions and the undiluted base produce severe skin and eye burns in animals.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The acute oral LD50 values of n-butylamine were determined in male & female rats. Signs of toxicity after single oral dose were sedation, ataxia, nasal discharge, gasping, & salivation followed by convulsions & death at the higher dose levels. Post-mortem exam revealed pulmonary edema.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Sensory irritation due to inhalation of a series of alkylamines was estimated from the decrease in respiratory rate in normal (non-cannulated) mice (American standard method E 981-84, 1984). The irritation effects rapidly reached stable levels. The concentration-response relationships followed Michaelis-Menten equations. The maximum response decreased with increasing chain length. The concentrations depressing the respiratory rate by 50% (RD-50) were 184, 121, 97, 51, and 27 ppm. for n-propylamine, n-butylamine, n-pentylamine, n-hexylamine, and n-heptylamine, respectively. ... Pulmonary irritation was estimated from the decrease in respiratory rate in tracheally cannulated mice. The plateau-level of the response was reached slowly. The respective concentrations depressing the respiratory rate by 50% (tRD-50) were 416, 300, 128, 66, and 36 ppm. for the C3-C7 n-amines.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Sensory and pulmonary irritation of n-butylamine was investigated in CF-1 and NMRI mice according to the American standard test method (ASTM E981-84). The method is based on the reflexively induced reduction of the respiratory rate of mice, when exposed to chemical irritants. Sensory irritation was investigated in normal mice, yielding RD50 values (concentration which reduces the respiratory rate by 50%) of 121 and 246 ppm for CF-1 and NMRI mice, respectively. The concentration-effect curves were parallel, but had significantly different elevations, indicating a lower sensitivity of NMRI mice. Pulmonary irritation was investigated in mice, inhaling through a tracheal cannula, yielding RD50 values of 300 and 362 ppm for CF-1 and NMRI mice, respectively. No statistically significant difference between either the slopes or the elevations of the concentration-effect curves was found, indicating the same level of sensitivity of CF-1 and NMRI mice regarding pulmonary irritation.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... Employees /with chronic respiratory, skin, or eye disease are/ at increased risk from butylamine exposure.

LC50 Leuciscus idus /Freshwater fish, Ide or Orfe/ 171 mg/L/96 hr; freshwater.

LC50 Brine shrimp 30-70 ppm for 24 hr. /static bioassay/

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae, axenic, 1-3x 10+7 cells/mL); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 0.012 ug/cell for < or = 3 hr; Effect: decreased nitrogen fixation

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae, axenic, 1-3x 10+7 cells/mL); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 1.8x10-8 ug/cell for < or = 3 hr; Effect: decreased photosynthesis, oxygen production

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Of 78 binary mixtures of equitoxic concns of 13 amines, the ethyl amine-aniline mixture (I-II) showed the greatest (32-fold) toxicity potentiation in a /freshwater algae/ Scenedesmus subspicatus reproduction test. ... Combining I with Butylamine ... potentiated the toxicity 8-fold.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

n-Butylamine's production and use as a chemical intermediate, as well as its presence in animal waste may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. n-Butylamine has been found to occur naturally in mulberry leaves. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 92.9 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates n-butylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours. If released to soil, n-butylamine is expected to have high mobility based upon Koc values ranging from 15 to 107. The pKa of n-butylamine is 10.78 indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and therefore volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. n-Butylamine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Screening studies indicate that biodegradation of n-butylamine in soil and water will occur; 67% BOD was reached after 12 days using an activated sludge inoculum. If released into water, n-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the range of Koc values. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon its pKa. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to n-butylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butylamine via ingestion of food. (SRC)

... amines from decomposing fish ... /Amines/

LC50 Leuciscus idus /Freshwater fish, Ide or Orfe/ 171 mg/L/96 hr; freshwater.

LC50 Brine shrimp 30-70 ppm for 24 hr. /static bioassay/

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae, axenic, 1-3x 10+7 cells/mL); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 0.012 ug/cell for < or = 3 hr; Effect: decreased nitrogen fixation

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae, axenic, 1-3x 10+7 cells/mL); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 1.8x10-8 ug/cell for < or = 3 hr; Effect: decreased photosynthesis, oxygen production

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Of 78 binary mixtures of equitoxic concns of 13 amines, the ethyl amine-aniline mixture (I-II) showed the greatest (32-fold) toxicity potentiation in a /freshwater algae/ Scenedesmus subspicatus reproduction test. ... Combining I with Butylamine ... potentiated the toxicity 8-fold.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

n-Butylamine's production and use as a chemical intermediate, as well as its presence in animal waste may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. n-Butylamine has been found to occur naturally in mulberry leaves. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 92.9 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates n-butylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours. If released to soil, n-butylamine is expected to have high mobility based upon Koc values ranging from 15 to 107. The pKa of n-butylamine is 10.78 indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and therefore volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. n-Butylamine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Screening studies indicate that biodegradation of n-butylamine in soil and water will occur; 67% BOD was reached after 12 days using an activated sludge inoculum. If released into water, n-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the range of Koc values. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon its pKa. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to n-butylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butylamine via ingestion of food. (SRC)

... amines from decomposing fish ... /Amines/

OCCURS NATURALLY IN MULBERRY LEAVES.

n-Butylamine has been reported to be a component of animal waste(1).

n-Butylamine's production and use as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs, rubber chemicals, emulsifying agents, insecticides, and synthetic tanning agents(1), as well as its use in sewage treatment, fertilizer manufacture, fish processing, and rendering plants(2), may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 15 to 107(2) indicate that n-butylamine is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of n-butylamine is 10.78(3) indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and therefore volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). The potential for volatilization of n-butylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 92.9 mm Hg(4). Numerous screening studies indicate that n-butylamine will biodegrade readily(5-8); n-butylamine reached 67% of its theoretical BOD in 12 days using an activated sludge inoculum(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value range of 15 to 107 in soil and sediment(2), indicates that n-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 10.78(3) indicates n-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Numerous screening studies indicate that n-butylamine will biodegrade readily(8-11); n-butylamine reached 67% of its theoretical BOD in 12 days using an activated sludge inoculum(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-butylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 92.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).

THE HOECHST BATCH METHOD OF DETERMINING BIODEGRADABILITY OF SUBSTANCES WAS STUDIED USING DIETHYLENE GLYCOL AS REFERENCE MATERIAL. ... /DEGRADATION OF/ N-BUTYLAMINE ... WAS GREATER THAN 90% COD ... /AFTER/ TWO DAYS.

AEROBIC: n-Butylamine, present at 100 mg/L, reached 85% of its theoretical BOD (assuming an endpoint of NH3) and 66% of its theoretical BOD (assuming an endpoint of NO2) in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum(1). n-Butylamine reached 67% of its theoretical BOD in 12 days using an activated sludge inoculum(2), 50% in approximately 6 days using an aniline-acclimated activated sludge(3), and 26.5%, 48.8%, 50%, and 52.3% in 5, 10, 15, and 50 days using a settled sewage seed(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of n-butylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 11 hours at an atmospheric concn of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the aqueous-phase reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been determined to be 7.7X10+9 L/mol-sec at pH 8-13(2). This corresponds to as aqueous half-life of approximately 104 days at an aqueous hydroxyl radical concn of 1.0X10-17 mol/l(2). n-Butylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for n-butylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.97(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of n-butylamine has been determined to be 15, 105 and 107 in Podzol soil, Alfisol soil and sediment, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these Koc values suggest that n-butylamine is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of n-butylamine is 10.78(3) indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

A pKa of 10.78(1) indicates n-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(2). The potential for volatilization of n-butylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 92.9 mm Hg(5).

SURFACE WATER: n-Butylamine was detected in the River Elbe from 1 of 2 sites at a concn of 1.5 ppb; not detected at 7 other sites (detection limit not given)(1).

In 16 finished water concentrates collected from advanced waste treatment plants across the US, n-butylamine was detected, but not quantified, in 1087 of 2097 detection instances(1). In a laboratory study, n-butylamine was detected in the automobile exhaust of two gasoline fueled vehicles, concn not specified(2).

n-Butylamine has been detected to occur naturally in the following foods: kale, 7 ppm; pickles: cucumbers in aromatic vinegar, 0.6 ppm, cucumbers pickled with mustard, 5.3 ppm; cheese: Tilsiter, 3.7 ppm, Camembert and Limburger, not detected; brown bread, 1.1 ppm(1). Not detected in: spinach, red cabbage, cauliflower, white beet, carrot, red beet, large raddish, red radish, celery(1). n-Butylamine has been identified as a volatile component of boiled beef, concn unknown(2).

n-Butylamine was not detected in herring or cod roe (detection limit not given)(1).

... The presence of volatile aliphatic amines ... in human breast milk and amniotic fluid /was measured/ to assess their role in neonatal hypergastrinemia. These volatile nitrogenous amino acid metabolites have been previously demonstrated to stimulate gastrin release in in vivo and in vitro laboratory preparations. ... The present study ... demonstrated that these gastrin-stimulatory volatile amines were present in significant concentrations in breast milk during the first several weeks after parturition and in amniotic fluid. The individual amines that were identified in both human milk and amniotic fluid samples were methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, trimethylamine, propylamine, isobutylamine, and butylamine. This study provides indirect evidence to support the possibility that the hypergastrinemia measured in the fetus/neonate during the period immediately before and after birth may be attributable, in part, to the ingestion of fluid containing high concentrations of gastrin-stimulating amines.

n-Butylamine has been determined to be a volatile component of cattle feed lots, probably from the decomposition of manure(1). n-Butylamine is a constituent of tobacco smoke(2).

Butylamine can affect the body if it is inhaled, and if it comes in contact with the eyes or skin. ... It may enter the body through the skin.

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 413 workers (85 of these are female) are potentially exposed to n-butylamine in the US(1). Occupational exposure to n-butylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butylamine is produced or used(SRC). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butylamine via ingestion of food(SRC).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Incineration; incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions. Alternatively it may be poured into sodium bisulfate, neutralized and flushed with water.

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1125; n-Butylamine

IMO 3.2; n-Butylamine

49 081 20; Butylamine

Requires a shipping label of: "Flammable Liquid." It falls into DOT Hazard Class 3 and Packing Group II.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid Corrosive

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: F, C; R: 11-20/21/22-35; S: (1/2)-3-16-26-29-36/37/39-45

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Subsidiary Risks: 8; UN Pack Group: II