1,2-Dimethoxyethane

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H360FD: May damage fertility; May damage the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.2% (1 of 640) of reports.

H225 (99.8%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H315 (44.8%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H332 (84.4%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H351 (10.5%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H360 (85.8%): May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

H360FD (14.1%): May damage fertility; May damage the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 640 reports by companies from 25 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 640 reports by companies.

There are 24 notifications provided by 639 of 640 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.6% (1 of 63) of reports.

H360D (98.4%): May damage the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P280, P318, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 63 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 63 reports by companies.

There is 1 notification provided by 62 of 63 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P319, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P318, P319, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H303: May be harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H313: May be harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

P203, P261, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P317, P304+P340, P318, P319, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: For fire involving UN1170, UN1987 or UN3475, alcohol-resistant foam should be used. CAUTION: Ethanol (UN1170) can burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

EXTINGUISH WITH CHEMICAL, ALCOHOL FOAM, OR CARBON DIOXIDE. COOL EXPOSED CONTAINERS WITH WATER. CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Cool. Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

30 [mg/m3]

520 [mg/m3]

3100 [mg/m3]

0.5 [ppm]

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: For fire involving UN1170, UN1987 or UN3475, alcohol-resistant foam should be used.

CAUTION: Ethanol (UN1170) can burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development.

Vinyl (not rubber) protective gloves; safety glasses or goggles. (USCG, 1999)

VINYL (NOT RUBBER) PROTECTIVE GLOVES; SAFETY GLASSES OR GOGGLES

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting.

See EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM OR REPEATED EXPOSURE. AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety spectacles.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

1,2-dimethoxyethane appears as a liquid with a sharp odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 34 °F. Mildly toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Severely irritates skin and eyes. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make other chemicals.

Liquid; Gas Vapor

Colorless liquid; [ICSC] Ether-like odor; [Merck Index] Fully miscible; [MSDSonline]

Transparent yellow liquid with a mild odor; [Univar MSDS]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

WATER-WHITE LIQUID

COLORLESS LIQUID

SHARP ETHEREAL ODOR

Mild odor

185 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

82-83 °C @ 760 MM HG

82-83 °C

-72 °F (NTP, 1992)

-58 °C; ALSO REPORTED AS -71 °C

-69.2 °C

32 °F (NTP, 1992)

29 °F(-2 °C) (CLOSED CUP)

-2 °C c.c.

greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)

MISCIBLE WITH WATER, ALCOHOL; SOL IN HYDROCARBON SOLVENTS

SOL IN CHLOROFORM, ETHER, ACETONE, BENZENE

water solubility = 1.00X10+6 mg/l @ 25 °C

Solubility in water: miscible

0.868 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.86285 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.86

0.86877 @25 °C

3.1 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

3.1 (AIR= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.1

40 mmHg at 51.3 °F ; 60 mmHg at 67.5 °F (NTP, 1992)

48.0 [mmHg]

0.6 [mmHg]

48 MM HG @ 20 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 6.4

48 [mm Hg] @20 °C

Log Kow = -0.21

395 °F (USCG, 1999)

395 °F (202 °C)

-12,020 BTU/LB= -6680 CAL/G= -279.7X10+5 JOULES/KG

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Highly Flammable

When the solvent, 1,2-DIMETHOXYETHANE, was poured into a funnel previously used to introduce the lithium aluminum hydride, a fire ignited the funnel [MCA Case History 1182(1966)].

1,2-Dimethoxyethane (glyme)

B*: Compounds that form peroxides on concentration (distillation/evaporation)

9 samples had 0-100 ppm peroxide; age 0.5 - 9 yrs

Kelly, Bretherick's

Detonation during distillation. Sample was 7 years old and had formed peroxides. See Bretherick's.

Phifer, L. H., CHAS Notes, 1982, 1(3), 2

The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion, by inhalation and through the skin.

MAY BE ABSORBED!

Redness.

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.

LCLo (rat) = 17,096 ppm/6h

...TOXICITY OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER MAY BE CONSIDERED TO BE LOW FROM LIMITED REPEATED SHORT EXPOSURES. CARE SHOULD BE EXERCISED, HOWEVER, TO AVOID PROLONGED OR REPEATED INHALATION OF HIGH CONCN OF THE VAPOR.

IF /VAPOR/ INHALED, WILL CAUSE DIZZINESS OR DIFFICULT BREATHING. LIQUID IS NOT IRRITATING TO SKIN. IF SWALLOWED, WILL CAUSE NAUSEA, VOMITING OR LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS.

/IN FEMALE RATS/...A SINGLE EXPOSURE TO 8000 PPM CAUSED SIGNIFICANT DECR IN AVOIDANCE RESPONSE; HOWEVER...NO EFFECT ON ESCAPE RESPONSE. FURTHER EXPOSURES DECR BOTH RESPONSES, & AFTER 5 DAILY 4 HR EXPOSURES HALF...DIED. ...MASSIVE HEMORRHAGE OF LUNG & GI TRACT. /SEVERAL RATS DIED AFTER 4 HR/4000 PPM/10 EXPOSURES/.

/IN FEMALE RATS, EXPOSED AT 1000 & 2000 PPM 4 HR/DAY, 5 DAYS/WK/...ALL SURVIVED BUT...SHOWED SIGNIFICANT...AVOIDANCE RESPONSE BUT NO ESCAPE RESPONSE. COMPLETE RECOVERY FROM BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OCCURRED WITHIN A FEW DAYS AFTER CESSATION OF EXPOSURE. ...THERE WAS A DEFINITE REDUCTION IN GROWTH DEPENDING ON CONCN.

1,2-DIMETHOXYETHANE WAS ADMIN TO PREGNANT MICE ON THE 7TH, 8TH, 9TH, & 10TH DAYS OF PREGNANCY. 490 MG/KG WAS ADMIN TO 28 MICE (GROUP A), 350 MG/KG TO 23 MICE (GROUP B) & 250 MG/KG TO 23 MICE (GROUP C). GROUP FETAL MORTALITY RATES: 20% (A), 13.1% (B), & 12.6% (C).

ADMIN ON 7TH, 8TH, 9TH & 10TH DAYS OF PREGNANCY: 490 MG/KG/28 MICE (GROUP A), 350 MG/KG/23 MICE (B) & 250 MG/KG/23 MICE (C). SURFACE DEFORMITY RATES: 19.2% (A), 5.1% (B) & 0.3% (C). EXTERNAL BRAIN, PALPEBRAL PATENCY, CAUDAL DEFECT, PERITONEAL HERNIA, & CLEFT PALATE NOTED.

ADMIN ON 7TH, 8TH, 9TH, & 10TH DAYS OF PREGNANCY: 490 MG/KG/28 MICE (GROUP A), 350 MG/KG/23 MICE (GROUP B), & 250 MG/KG/23 MICE (GROUP C). FETAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAE ABNORMALITIES, SPINAL FUSION, & COSTAL FUSION DEFORMITY RATES INCREASED WITH INCREASING DOSAGE.

1,2-Dimethoxyethane's production and use as a solvent and solubilizer may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to the atmosphere, 1,2-dimethoxyethane will mainly exist in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere based on a measured vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg at 20 °C. Vapor-phase 1,2-dimethoxyethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals with an estimated half-life of about 25 hours. An estimated Koc of 18 suggests that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will have very high mobility in soil. Volatilization of 1,2-dimethoxyethane may be possible from dry soil surfaces, based on its vapor pressure, but will be very slow from moist soil surfaces given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Limited data, based on pure culture studies, suggest that this compound may be resistant to biodegradation in both soil and water. 1,2-Dimethoxyethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended matter in the water column based on its Koc value. 1,2-Dimethoxyethane may volatilize from slwoly water surfaces given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 33 and 240 days, respectively. Bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will be low based on an estimated BCF value of 0.4. Exposure to 1,2-dimethoxyethane may occur occupationally during its production or during its use as a solvent. (SRC)

1,2-Dimethoxyethane's production and use as a solvent and solubilizer(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 18(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Limited data, based on pure culture studies(4), suggest that this compound may be resistant to biodegradation(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-dimethoxyethane may be important from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on a measured vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg(5), but not from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(6,SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 18(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane should not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC) in the water. Limited data, from pure culture studies(4), suggest that this compound may be resistant to biodegradation(SRC). 1,2-Dimethoxyethane may volatilize slowly from water surfaces based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(5). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 33 and 240 days, respectively(3,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF value of 0.4(3,SRC), from a measured log Kow(2), suggests that bioconcentration of 1,2-dimethoxyethane will be low in aquatic organisms(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a suggested classification scheme(1), a measured vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg at 20 °C(2) indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will mainly exist in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-dimethoxyethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 25 hours(3,SRC).

Four pure cultures of bacteria, isolated from either soil or activated sludge, were unable to utilize 1,2-dimethoxyethane as a carbon source(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1,2-dimethoxyethane with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.6X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 25 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 0.4 was calculated for 1,2-dimethoxyethane(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -0.21(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will be low(SRC).

The Koc of 1,2-dimethoxyethane is estimated as approximately 18(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -0.21(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-dimethoxyethane has very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 1,2-dimethoxyethane is estimated as 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This value indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will volatilize from slowly moving water surfaces(2,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 33 days(2,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 240 days(2,SRC). Volatilization from dry soil surfaces is expected based on an experimental vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg(3). However, volatilization from moist soil surfaces should not be important based on its estimated Henry's Law constant(1,SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 3319 workers (1003 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 1,2-dimethoxyethane in the USA(1).

1,2-Dimethoxyethane's production and use as a solvent and solubilizer may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to the atmosphere, 1,2-dimethoxyethane will mainly exist in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere based on a measured vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg at 20 °C. Vapor-phase 1,2-dimethoxyethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals with an estimated half-life of about 25 hours. An estimated Koc of 18 suggests that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will have very high mobility in soil. Volatilization of 1,2-dimethoxyethane may be possible from dry soil surfaces, based on its vapor pressure, but will be very slow from moist soil surfaces given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Limited data, based on pure culture studies, suggest that this compound may be resistant to biodegradation in both soil and water. 1,2-Dimethoxyethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended matter in the water column based on its Koc value. 1,2-Dimethoxyethane may volatilize from slwoly water surfaces given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 33 and 240 days, respectively. Bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will be low based on an estimated BCF value of 0.4. Exposure to 1,2-dimethoxyethane may occur occupationally during its production or during its use as a solvent. (SRC)

1,2-Dimethoxyethane's production and use as a solvent and solubilizer(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 18(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Limited data, based on pure culture studies(4), suggest that this compound may be resistant to biodegradation(SRC). Volatilization of 1,2-dimethoxyethane may be important from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on a measured vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg(5), but not from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(6,SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 18(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane should not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC) in the water. Limited data, from pure culture studies(4), suggest that this compound may be resistant to biodegradation(SRC). 1,2-Dimethoxyethane may volatilize slowly from water surfaces based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(5). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 33 and 240 days, respectively(3,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF value of 0.4(3,SRC), from a measured log Kow(2), suggests that bioconcentration of 1,2-dimethoxyethane will be low in aquatic organisms(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a suggested classification scheme(1), a measured vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg at 20 °C(2) indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will mainly exist in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,2-dimethoxyethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 25 hours(3,SRC).

Four pure cultures of bacteria, isolated from either soil or activated sludge, were unable to utilize 1,2-dimethoxyethane as a carbon source(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1,2-dimethoxyethane with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.6X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 25 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 0.4 was calculated for 1,2-dimethoxyethane(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -0.21(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will be low(SRC).

The Koc of 1,2-dimethoxyethane is estimated as approximately 18(SRC), using a measured log Kow of -0.21(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,2-dimethoxyethane has very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 1,2-dimethoxyethane is estimated as 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This value indicates that 1,2-dimethoxyethane will volatilize from slowly moving water surfaces(2,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 33 days(2,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 240 days(2,SRC). Volatilization from dry soil surfaces is expected based on an experimental vapor pressure of 48 mm Hg(3). However, volatilization from moist soil surfaces should not be important based on its estimated Henry's Law constant(1,SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 3319 workers (1003 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 1,2-dimethoxyethane in the USA(1).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Health: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 1,2-DIMETHOXYETHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2252; 1,2-Dimethoxyethane

IMO 3.2; 1,2-Dimethoxyethane

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid

Symbol: F, T; R: 60-61-11-19-20; S: 53-45

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: II