Butyl vinyl ether

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H315 (74%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (70.7%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P321, P332+P317, P333+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 150 reports by companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible); polymerization hazard]:

Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: Wash skin with soap and water. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. (ERG, 2024)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible); polymerization hazard]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: For fire involving UN1170, UN1987 or UN3475, alcohol-resistant foam should be used. CAUTION: Ethanol (UN1170) can burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Water may be ineffective ... alcohol foam is recommended ... . /From table/

... Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, alcohol foam.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible); polymerization hazard]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

This compound should be susceptible to removal from waste water by air stripping. /Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible); polymerization hazard]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: For fire involving UN1170, UN1987 or UN3475, alcohol-resistant foam should be used.

CAUTION: Ethanol (UN1170) can burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible); polymerization hazard]:

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2024)

Butyl vinyl ether, stabilized appears as a liquid. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. May irritate skin and eyes. Used to make other chemicals.

Liquid; Slightly soluble in water; [Hawley]

15 °F (NFPA, 2010)

-9 °C (Open cup)

Sol in alc and ether

Sol in acetone, benzene

Water solubility of 3,000 mg/l

Very sol in ethyl alcohol, acetone; miscible in ethyl ether

0.7888 at 20 °C/20 °C

Bulk density: 7.45 lb/gal at 20 °C

3.45 (Air = 1)

49.1 [mmHg]

49 mm Hg at 25 °C /from experimentally derived coefficients/

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Index of refraction: 1.4026 at 20 °C

Hydroxyl radical rate constant = 4.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec @ 25 °C

Boiling point

Chemical shift

Excess enthalpy

Heat of solution

Heat of sublimation

Lineshape

Mixing enthalpy

Optical coefficient

Refractive index

Surface tension

Thermal expansion coefficient

Vapor pressure

Viscosity

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

Reactive agents - 1st degree

Plastics & Rubber -> Other Monomers

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water. Ethers tend to form unstable peroxides when exposed to oxygen. Ethyl, isobutyl, ethyl tert-butyl, and ethyl tert-pentyl ether are particularly hazardous in this respect. Ether peroxides can sometimes be observed as clear crystals deposited on containers or along the surface of the liquid.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Polymerizable Compounds

Highly Flammable

Polymerizable

Peroxidizable Compound

Ethers, such as BUTYL VINYL ETHER can act as bases. They form salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. The complex between diethyl ether and boron trifluoride is an example. Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents. In other reactions, which typically involve the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond, ethers are relatively inert.

... Can react with oxidizing materials.

n-Butyl vinyl ether

D: Other compounds that may form peroxides

Explosion possible during industrial synthesis. See Bretherick's.

Glikin, M. A. et al., Chem. Abs., 1978, 89, 30115

Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

LCLo (rat) = 16,000 ppm/4h

LD50 Rat single oral 10.30 (8.40-12.63 g/kg in a single vehicle). /From table/

LD50 Rabbit single percutaneous 4.24 (3.02-5.95) ml/kg. /From table/

Concentrated vapor inhalation by rats, max for no death: 5 min. /From table/

Inhalation of metered vapor concn by rats: Concn: 8000 ppm Time: 4 hr Mortality: 0/6. /From table/

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for BUTYL VINYL ETHER (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Ethers and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: To keep open, "minimal flow rate"/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ethers and related compounds/

4-Nitrophenyl vinyl ether and phenyl vinyl ether administered i.p. in mice lowered hepatic non-protein sulfhydryl content, but did not elevate the serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity. n-Butyl vinyl ether showed no significant effects either on the non-protein sulfhydryl content or on the serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity. Mice pretreated with buthionine sulfoximine were sensitive to the potential toxicity of 4-Nitrophenyl vinyl ether. These results showed that aryl vinyl ethers, 4-Nitrophenyl vinyl ether and phenyl vinyl ether, are more toxic than the alkyl vinyl ether, n-Butyl vinyl ether, and that glutathione plays an important role on the protection of hepatic injury by reactive metabolite(s) derived from vinyl ethers.

Butyl vinyl ether's production and use in synthesis and copolymerization may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates butyl vinyl ether will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase butyl vinyl ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 9 hours. The vapor phase reactions of butyl vinyl ether with photochemically produced ozone corresponds to a half-life of 6.5 days. Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm. If released to soil, butyl vinyl ether is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 53. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. Volatilization from dry soil surfaces may be important given the vapor pressure of this compound. If released into water, butyl vinyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its estimated Henry's Law constant. The volatilization half-life from a model river and a model lake is estimated as approximately 3 hours and 4 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 7 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Limited data are present in the scientific literature regarding the biodegradation of butyl vinyl ether. Butyl vinyl ether will be susceptible to appreciable hydrolysis in certain environmental waters, especially at acidic pH, with calculated half-lives for hydrolysis of 9.5 hr, 40 days, and 10.9 yr at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively. The most probable route of general population exposure to butyl vinyl ether is via inhalation of contaminated air. Exposure through dermal contact may occur in occupational settings. (SRC)

Butyl vinyl ether's production and use in synthesis and copolymerization(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 53(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that butyl vinyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of butyl vinyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be important(3,SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(4). The potential for volatilization of butyl vinyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg(4). Limited data are present in the scientific literature regarding the biodegradation of butyl vinyl ether(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 53(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that butyl vinyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Butyl vinyl ether is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(4). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(3,SRC). Butyl vinyl ether may be susceptible to appreciable hydrolysis in certain environmental waters(5,SRC). The calculated half-lives for hydrolysis of butyl vinyl ether are 9.5 hours, 40 days, and 10.9 years at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively(5,SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 7(3,SRC), from butyl vinyl ether's water solubility(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Limited data are present in the scientific literature regarding the biodegradation of butyl vinyl ether(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), butyl vinyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase butyl vinyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 9 hours(3,SRC). Butyl vinyl ether may be susceptible to photooxidation via vapor phase reaction with ozone; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.5 days(4,SRC). Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since butyl vinyl ether does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm(5).

The rate constant for the vapor phase reactions of butyl vinyl ether with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured to be 4.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1) which corresponds to a half-life of 9 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm (SRC). The rate constant for the vapor phase reactions of butyl vinyl ether with photochemically produced ozone has been estimated to be 1.75X10-18 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(2) which corresponds to a half-life of 6.5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(SRC). Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm(3). Butyl vinyl ether is susceptible to appreciable hydrolysis in certain environmental waters, especially at acidic pH, based upon a measured acid catalyzed hydrolysis rate constant of 2.02 M-1 s-1 at 25 °C(4). This hydrolysis rate constant corresponds to half-lives for hydrolysis of 9.5 hr, 40 days, and 10.9 yr at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively(4,SRC).

An estimated BCF of 7 was calculated for butyl vinyl ether(SRC), using a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Koc of butyl vinyl ether is estimated as approximately 53(SRC), using a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that butyl vinyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for butyl vinyl ether is estimated as 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) from its experimental values for vapor pressure, 49 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 3,000 mg/l(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that butyl vinyl ether is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is approximately 3 hours(3,SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is approximately 4 days(3,SRC). Butyl vinyl ether's Henry's Law constant(1,2,SRC) indicates that rapid volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of butyl vinyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg(2).

DRINKING WATER: Butyl vinyl ether was tentatively identified, but not quantified, in a drinking water concentrate from Seattle, WA sampled in Nov 1976(1).

SURFACE WATER: Butyl vinyl ether has been detected, not quantified, in samples of water from the southern basin of Lake Michigan(1).

Butyl vinyl ether was detected, but not quantified, at 1 of 4 sites in the Houston, TX, area sampled in Nov 1974(1). It was not found in any of the samples from the 5 sites in the Los Angeles Basin sampled in March and April 1975 or the 2 sites in the Kanawha Valley, WV sampled in Sept 1974 and it was not detected in any of the night ambient air samples in the study(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 851 workers (187 of these are female) are exposed to butyl vinyl ether in the USA(1). The most probable routes of general population exposure to butyl vinyl ether are via inhalation of contaminated air(1,SRC) and ingestion of contaminated drinking water(2,3,SRC). Exposure through dermal contact may occur in occupational settings(SRC). Inhalation and dermal exposure will be expected to be highest in workplaces where butyl vinyl ether is made and used(SRC).

Butyl vinyl ether's production and use in synthesis and copolymerization may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates butyl vinyl ether will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase butyl vinyl ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 9 hours. The vapor phase reactions of butyl vinyl ether with photochemically produced ozone corresponds to a half-life of 6.5 days. Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm. If released to soil, butyl vinyl ether is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 53. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. Volatilization from dry soil surfaces may be important given the vapor pressure of this compound. If released into water, butyl vinyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based on the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based on its estimated Henry's Law constant. The volatilization half-life from a model river and a model lake is estimated as approximately 3 hours and 4 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 7 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Limited data are present in the scientific literature regarding the biodegradation of butyl vinyl ether. Butyl vinyl ether will be susceptible to appreciable hydrolysis in certain environmental waters, especially at acidic pH, with calculated half-lives for hydrolysis of 9.5 hr, 40 days, and 10.9 yr at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively. The most probable route of general population exposure to butyl vinyl ether is via inhalation of contaminated air. Exposure through dermal contact may occur in occupational settings. (SRC)

Butyl vinyl ether's production and use in synthesis and copolymerization(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 53(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that butyl vinyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of butyl vinyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be important(3,SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(4). The potential for volatilization of butyl vinyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg(4). Limited data are present in the scientific literature regarding the biodegradation of butyl vinyl ether(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 53(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that butyl vinyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Butyl vinyl ether is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(4). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(3,SRC). Butyl vinyl ether may be susceptible to appreciable hydrolysis in certain environmental waters(5,SRC). The calculated half-lives for hydrolysis of butyl vinyl ether are 9.5 hours, 40 days, and 10.9 years at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively(5,SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 7(3,SRC), from butyl vinyl ether's water solubility(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Limited data are present in the scientific literature regarding the biodegradation of butyl vinyl ether(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), butyl vinyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase butyl vinyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 9 hours(3,SRC). Butyl vinyl ether may be susceptible to photooxidation via vapor phase reaction with ozone; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.5 days(4,SRC). Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since butyl vinyl ether does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm(5).

The rate constant for the vapor phase reactions of butyl vinyl ether with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured to be 4.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1) which corresponds to a half-life of 9 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm (SRC). The rate constant for the vapor phase reactions of butyl vinyl ether with photochemically produced ozone has been estimated to be 1.75X10-18 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(2) which corresponds to a half-life of 6.5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(SRC). Direct photolysis will not be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm(3). Butyl vinyl ether is susceptible to appreciable hydrolysis in certain environmental waters, especially at acidic pH, based upon a measured acid catalyzed hydrolysis rate constant of 2.02 M-1 s-1 at 25 °C(4). This hydrolysis rate constant corresponds to half-lives for hydrolysis of 9.5 hr, 40 days, and 10.9 yr at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively(4,SRC).

An estimated BCF of 7 was calculated for butyl vinyl ether(SRC), using a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Koc of butyl vinyl ether is estimated as approximately 53(SRC), using a water solubility of 3,000 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that butyl vinyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for butyl vinyl ether is estimated as 2.2X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) from its experimental values for vapor pressure, 49 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 3,000 mg/l(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that butyl vinyl ether is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is approximately 3 hours(3,SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is approximately 4 days(3,SRC). Butyl vinyl ether's Henry's Law constant(1,2,SRC) indicates that rapid volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of butyl vinyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 49 mm Hg(2).

DRINKING WATER: Butyl vinyl ether was tentatively identified, but not quantified, in a drinking water concentrate from Seattle, WA sampled in Nov 1976(1).

SURFACE WATER: Butyl vinyl ether has been detected, not quantified, in samples of water from the southern basin of Lake Michigan(1).

Butyl vinyl ether was detected, but not quantified, at 1 of 4 sites in the Houston, TX, area sampled in Nov 1974(1). It was not found in any of the samples from the 5 sites in the Los Angeles Basin sampled in March and April 1975 or the 2 sites in the Kanawha Valley, WV sampled in Sept 1974 and it was not detected in any of the night ambient air samples in the study(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 851 workers (187 of these are female) are exposed to butyl vinyl ether in the USA(1). The most probable routes of general population exposure to butyl vinyl ether are via inhalation of contaminated air(1,SRC) and ingestion of contaminated drinking water(2,3,SRC). Exposure through dermal contact may occur in occupational settings(SRC). Inhalation and dermal exposure will be expected to be highest in workplaces where butyl vinyl ether is made and used(SRC).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

This compound should be susceptible to removal from waste water by air stripping. /Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether/

/GUIDE 127P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Butyl vinyl ether, inhibited; Butyl vinyl ether, stabilized/

/GUIDE 127P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE)/ Health: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. /Butyl vinyl ether, inhibited; Butyl vinyl ether, stabilized/

/GUIDE 127P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Butyl vinyl ether, inhibited; Butyl vinyl ether, stabilized/

/GUIDE 127P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Butyl vinyl ether, inhibited; Butyl vinyl ether, stabilized/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for BUTYL VINYL ETHER (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2352 127P

UN 2352; Butyl vinyl ether, inhibited

IMO 3.2; Butyl vinyl ether, inhibited

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid