propylene

H220: Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, and P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (2 of 2232) of reports.

H220 (> 99.9%): Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

H280 (55.3%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, P403, and P410+P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 2232 reports by companies from 19 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 2 of 2232 reports by companies.

There are 18 notifications provided by 2230 of 2232 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P210, P222, P261, P271, P273, P280, P304+P340, P319, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P203, P210, P222, P261, P271, P280, P304+P340, P319, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: CAUTION: Exposure of skin to compressed gases may result in freezing of the skin. Treatment for frostbite may be necessary. Remove the victim from the source of contamination. IMMEDIATELY wash affected areas gently with COLD water (and soap, if necessary) while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Dry carefully with clean, soft towels. If symptoms such as inflammation or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician or go to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: This compound is a gas, therefore inhalation is the first route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Clothing frozen to the skin should be thawed before being removed.

· In case of contact with liquefied gas, only medical personnel should attempt thawing frosted parts.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:

DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed (UN2034) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray or fog. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972) pool fires, DO NOT USE water. Use dry chemical or high-expansion foam.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Shut off supply; if not possible and no risk to surroundings, let the fire burn itself out. In other cases extinguish with powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

To fight fire, stop flow of gas.

Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. If possible use foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical to extinguish fire. If none of these compounds are available use water in flooding quantities as a fog, being sure to cool all affected containers. Apply water from as far a distance as possible, and do not use solid streams of water since they may be ineffective. Keep material out of water sources and sewers and build dikes as necessary to contain flow. Wear self contained breathing apparatus, boots, protective gloves and goggles and be sure to wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Do not handle damaged packages without protective equipment. If fire becomes uncontrollable or a container is exposed to direct flame, evacuate for a radius of 2500 feet. If material leaking (and is not on fire), downwind evacuation must be considered.

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary. Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions: Carbon oxides

Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.

CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972), DO NOT apply water, regular or alcohol-resistant foam directly on spill. Use a high-expansion foam if available to reduce vapors.

· Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas.

· Isolate area until gas has dispersed.

CAUTION: When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. In fires involving Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (UN1075), Butane (UN1011), Butylene (UN1012), Isobutylene (UN1055), Propylene (UN1077), Isobutane (UN1969), and Propane (UN1978), also refer to the "BLEVE - Safety Precautions" section. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

Large Spill

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

· In fires involving Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (UN1075), Butane (UN1011), Butylene (UN1012), Isobutylene (UN1055), Propylene (UN1077), Isobutane (UN1969), and Propane (UN1978), also refer to the "BLEVE - Safety Precautions" section.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Clean up promptly by sweeping or vacuum.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Propylene is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding) if in liquid state. No open flames, no sparks, and no smoking.

/If in eyes/ first rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor.

/If inhaled excessively get/ fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration if indicated. Refer for medical attention.

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Propylene (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972), DO NOT apply water, regular or alcohol-resistant foam directly on spill. Use a high-expansion foam if available to reduce vapors. Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. CAUTION: When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Cool.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Contents under pressure. Storage class (TRGS 510): Gases

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

· Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids.

1500 [ppm]

2800* [ppm]

17000** [ppm]

500.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 500 ppm.

Peak Exposure Recommendation: Transient increases in workers' exposure levels may exceed 3 times the value of the TLV-TWA level for no more than 15 minutes at a time, on no more than 4 occasions spaced 1 hour apart during a workday, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the value of the TLV-TWA level. In addition, the 8-hour TWA is not to be exceeded for an 8-hour work period.

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

500 ppm as TWA; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen)

500 ppm [2005]

· DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed (UN2034) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

Large Fire

· Water spray or fog.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972) pool fires, DO NOT USE water. Use dry chemical or high-expansion foam.

Fire Involving Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Russia; STEL 100 mg/cu m

Switzerland; TWA 10,000 ppm (11500 mg/cu m)

On loss of containment this substance can cause suffocation by lowering the oxygen content of the air in confined areas.

Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure could cause lowering of consciousness.

Organic vapor canister or air-supplied mask; goggles or face shield (for liquid); protective clothing (for liquid). (USCG, 1999)

Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Body Protection: Impervious clothing. Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type AXBEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding) if in liquid state.

Use ventilation.

Cold-insulating gloves.

Wear safety goggles or face shield.

Propylene is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum like odor. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. For transportation it may be stenched. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. It is easily ignited. The vapors are heavier than air. Any leak can either be liquid or vapor. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. It is used to make other chemicals. Can cause explosion.

Liquid; Gas Vapor; Liquid; Gas Vapor

A colorless gas with the odor of olefins (alkenes); [ACGIH]

COLOURLESS COMPRESSED LIQUEFIED GAS.

Colorless gas with a faint petroleum like odor.

Colorless gas

Practically odorless; aromatic

Faint, petroleum-like

-53.9 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

-47.68 °C

-53.9 °F

-47.7 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-301.4 °F (NTP, 1992)

-185.30 °C

-301.4 °F

-162 °F (NTP, 1992)

-162 °F (-108 °C)

Flammable gas

44.6 mL/100 mL (NTP, 1992)

In water, 200 mg/L at 25 °C

In water, 44.6 mL gas/100 mL at 20 °C

Very soluble in water

Very soluble in ethanol, acetic acid

For more Solubility (Complete) data for Propylene (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Solubility in water: poor

0.609 at -52.6 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.5139 at 20 °C/4 °C (liquid)

Density: 1.49 (Air = 1.0) (triple point)

Density: 0.505 g/cu cm at 25 °C (pressure >1 atm )

Relative density (water = 1): 0.5

0.609 at -52.6 °F

0.581 @ 0°C

1.46 at 32 °F (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

1.46 (Air = 1.0) at 0 °C

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.5

1 mmHg at -205.4 °F ; 760 mmHg at -53.9 °F (NTP, 1992)

VP: 10 atm at 19.8 °C

8.69X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C /Extrapolated/

Vapor pressure, kPa at 25 °C: 1158

1 mmHg at -205.4 °F

Highly flammable.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Highly Flammable

During an experiment to produce lactic acid by oxidizing PROPYLENE with nitrogen peroxide, a violent explosion occurred. These mixtures (olefins and nitrogen peroxide) form extremely unstable nitrosates or nitrosites (Comp. Rend. 116:756 1893). Contact of very cold liquid propylene with water may result in vigorous or violent boiling of the product and extremely rapid vaporization due to the large temperature differences involved. If the water is hot, there is the possibility that a liquid "superheat" explosion may occur. Pressures may build to dangerous levels if liquid propylene contacts water in a closed container.

Propylene ... reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials. Under unusual conditions, eg, 96.8 MPa (995 atm) and 600 K, it explodes. It reacts violently with NO2, N2O4, and N2O. Explosions have been reported when liquid propylene contacts water at 315-348 K.

A mixture under confinement in a glass pressure bottle at 20 °C polymerized explosively, the polymerization probably being initiated by access of light through the clear glass container. Such alkene-sulfur dioxide co-polymerizations will not occur above a ceiling temperature, different for each alkene.

Explodes on contact with trifluoromethyl hypofluorite.

Explosive polymerization is initiated by lithium nitrate+sulfur dioxide.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for Propylene (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Propylene is a colorless gas. It is used in manufacture of isopropyl alcohol, polypropylene, synthetic glycerol, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, heptene, cumene, polymer gasoline, acrylic acid, vinyl resins, oxo chemicals. It is also used as aerosol propellant and component. Formerly used in dental surgery as temporary anesthetic. HUMAN STUDIES: In the gaseous state propylene is not irritating to the skin or eyes based on limited human studies. However, should skin or eye contact occur to this chemical in its liquid state, tissue freezing, severe cold burn, and/or frostbite may result. ANIMAL STUDIES: No adverse effects were observed in repeated dose inhalation toxicity studies in rodents at concentrations up to 10,000 ppm propylene, for 14 weeks. Furthermore, there was no evidence of carcinogenicity in rats or mice exposed to propylene concentrations as high as 10,000 ppm for up to 103 weeks. Inflammation of the nasal cavity was the only indication of toxicity observed following exposure of male rats to 5,000 and 10,000 ppm propylene and female rats exposed to 10,000 propylene for 103 weeks. These effects were not observed when rats were exposed to similar concentrations for 14 weeks. Mutagenic activity was observed in a single bacterial strain in the Ames assay in the presence of metabolic activation. Inhalation exposure of pregnant Wistar rats to propylene from implantation to one day prior to the expected day of parturition (days 6-19 p.c.) elicited no maternal toxicity, prenatal or developmental toxicity, or teratogenicity at all tested concentrations up to 10,000 ppm.

Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of propylene. There is inadequate evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of propylene. Overall evaluation: Propylene is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

Propylene

Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans

Volume Sup 7: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42, 1987; 440 pages; ISBN 92-832-1411-0 (out of print)

Volume 60: (1994) Some Industrial Chemicals

TR-272: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Propylene (CASRN 115-07-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies) (1985 )

06/29/83

No Evidence

Under the conditions of these studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenicity in male and female F344/N rats or in male and female B6C3F1 mice exposed to propylene by inhalation at concentrations of 5,000 or 10,000 ppm for 103 weeks. In the nasal cavity, propylene induced squamous metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium in male and female rats and epithelial hyperplasia in female rats.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

Drowsiness. Suffocation.

ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.

See Skin.

Other Poison - Simple Asphyxiant

ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.

LC50 (rat) = 570,000 ppm/15min

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carrier out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valvle resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. if vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory rest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carrier out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valvle resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. if vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Simple ashpyxiants and related compounds/

For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for Propylene (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ At a concentration of 6.4% for 2.25 min, mild /CNS depression/, paresthesias, and inability to concentrate /have been/ noted. However, memory was not impaired. At 12.8% in 1 min, the same symptoms were markedly accentuated and at 24 and 33% unconsciousness followed in 3 min. Human exposure to 23% propylene for 3 to 4 min however did not produce unconsciousness.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Two subjects exposed to 35 and 40% propylene vomited during or after the experiment, and one complained of severe vertigo. Exposure to 40, 50, and 75% for a few min caused initial reddening of eyelids, flushing of face, lacrimation, coughing, and sometimes flexing of legs. No variation in respiratory or pulse rates or electrocardiograms were noted. A concentration of 50% prompted anesthesia in 2 min, followed by complete recovery without any physiological indications.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ...concentrations of 35% or 40% propylene produced unconscioness and analgesia in two individuals within 15 to 20 seconds. Recovery after exposure ceased was equally rapid.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ In the past, propylene was considered a simple asphyxiant whose primary hazards were the displacement of oxygen, flammability, and explosion. No toxic effects have been reported in humans from brief, high exposures, although liquid propylene can cause frostbite.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Propylene (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ...Exposure to 6 ppm propylene for 6 hours produced 160 ng propylene oxide per gram of blood in rats... 600 ppm propylene for 8 hours produced 740 ng propylene oxide per gram of blood. Both exposure concentrations reduced nasal and liver cytochrome P450 levels (to differing degrees).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A concentration of 40% produced light anesthesia in rats, with no toxic symptoms within 6 hr, and an exposure to 55% for 3 to 6 min, 65% for 2 to 5 min, and 70% for 1 to 3 min resulted in deep anesthesia with no CNS signs or symptoms. However ... propylene was found to be a cardiac sensitizer in the dog. /Animal experiments with/ cats exhibit no toxic signs when anesthesia was induced with propylene concentration of 20 to 31%, some subtle effects from 40 to 50%, blood pressure decrease and rapid pulse at 70%, and the unusual ventricular ectopic beat from 50 to 80%.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Inhalation exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats at concentrations of propylene up to 65000 ppm for 4 hours showed no evidence of hepatotoxicity...

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Mice were administered a dose of 3.75 mg/kg bw for 4 months. The treatment caused no changes in the behavior of animals, body weight gain, or oxygen consumption. Gross pathology examination failed to reveal alterations in the relative weights and histology of the visceral organs.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Propylene (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Status of Agents Search page, which tabulates the results and current status of tests such as "Short-Term Toxicity Studies", "Long-term Carcinogenicity Studies", "Developmental Studies", "Genetic Toxicology Studies", etc., performed with this chemical. Testing status for propylene is available.[Available from, as of July 26, 2017: https://ntpsearch.niehs.nih.gov/?e=True&ContentType=Testing+Status]

Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of propylene (greater than 99% pure) were conducted by exposing groups of 50 F344/N rats and 49 or 50 B6C3F1 mice of each sex to propylene in air by inhalation at concentrations of 5,000 or 10,000 ppm, 6 hr/day, 5 days/wk, for 103 wk. Other groups of 50 rats and 50 mice of each sex in chambers received air only on the same schedule and served as chamber controls. The highest concentration of propylene that was considered safe for these studies was 10,000 ppm because of risk of explosion, that can occur at higher concentrations. ... Hemangiosarcomas were found in one low-dose male mouse (liver), two high-dose male mice (spleen), and three high-dose female mice (subcutis, spleen, and uterus). Hemangiomas were found in one low-dose and in one high-dose female mouse (liver). ... Under the conditions of these studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenicity in male and female F344/N rats or in male and female B6C3F1 mice exposed to propylene by inhalation at concentrations of 5,000 or 10,000 ppm for 103 wk. In the nasal cavity, propylene induced squamous metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium in male and female rats and epithelial hyperplasia in female rats.

Oncogenicity was evaluated in male and female Sprague Dawley rats (at least 100/sex/group) exposed to propene via inhalation at 0, 200, 1000 or 5000 ppm for 7 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 2 yrs. Propene did not show any carcinogenic effects in the rats.

Oncogenicity was evaluated in male and female Swiss mice (at least 100/sex/group) exposed to propene via inhalation at 0, 200, 1000 or 5000 ppm for 7 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 18 months. Propene did not show any statistically significant carcinogenic effects in the mice.

2.20e+03

9.30e+03

3.10e+03

2.20e+03

9.30e+03

3.10e+03

1.30e+04

6.30e+03

2.00e-01

6.00e+00

3.00e+00

Volatile

3.49e+02

6.60e+03

2.80e+04

9.40e+03

3.90e+04

1.90e+04

Propylene's production and use as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of fine chemicals, plastics and carpet fibers may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. In addition, propylene is produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass and the burning of cigarettes. Natural sources of propylene are the volatile components of garlic oil, Scotch firs, European firs, and germinating seeds such as beans, corn, cotton, and pea seeds. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 8590 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates propylene will exist solely as a gas in the atmosphere. Gas-phase propylene will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 15 hrs. Propylene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, propylene is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 22. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 0.196 atm-cu m/mole. Propylene may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data in soil of water were not available. However, propylene was biodegraded to propylene oxide using acclimated cell free extracts. If released into water, propylene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hrs and 3 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 7 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure to propylene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where propylene is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to propylene via inhalation of ambient air, since propylene is widely found in air samples along roadways, city streets, and restaurants. (SRC)

Propylene has been identified as a natural product from vegetation(1). It is a volatile component of garlic essential oils with a reported concentration range of 0.01-5.99 ug/g garlic bulb(2); it has been found in the gaseous metabolites released by germinating beans, corn, cotton, and pea seeds(3). Propylene is released to the environment in forests as a volatile component of European fir and Scotch pine(4). It is released to the atmosphere in emissions from biomass combustion, natural gas, volcanos, and microbes(5).

Propylene's production and use as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of fine chemicals, plastics and carpet fibers(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). It is also released to the environment via cigarette smoke(2,4), in emissions from burning gasoline, diesel and turbine engines(4), in emissions from the combustion of polyethylene(3), wood(5), coal(6), refuse(4), veneer drying, wood pulping, petroleum and via acrylonitrile manufacturing(4). It's former use as a dental anesthetic(7) resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that propylene is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of propylene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 0.196 atm-cu m/mole(3). Propylene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 8690 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2017). However, propylene was biodegraded to propylene oxide using acclimated cell free extracts(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that propylene is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 0.196 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hrs and 3 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 7(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.77(6) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2017). However, propylene was biodegraded to propylene oxide using acclimated cell free extracts(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), propylene, which has a vapor pressure of 8690 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase propylene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 15 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Gas-phase propylene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 hrs(4), calculated from its rate constant of 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(5). Propylene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(6) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: The atmospheric fate and photochemical reactions of propylene ... indicate that the principal reactant is the hydroxyl radical. Reactions of propylene with ozone occur predominantly in the evening, while reactions of propylene with atomic oxygen or sulfur dioxide (SO2) are reported to be insignificant ... because of their relatively low /atmospheric/ concentration. ... The atmospheric half-life of propylene was 7.7 hr (calc).

PURE CULTURE: Sixteen cell-free cultures of bacteria (Mycobacterium; Brevibacterium, Pseudomonas, Nocardia, Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium, Actinomyces and Acinetobacter spp) acclimated to propane isolated from lake water from Warinanaco Park, Linden NJ and from lake and soil samples from Bayway Refinery, Linden, NJ were isolated. The rate of epoxidation to 1,2-epoxypropane ranged from 0.3 to 6.10 umol/hr per mg of protein. Using Brevibacterium, propylene oxide was formed at a rate of 0.52 umol/10 min-mg protein(1). Propylene was utilized by Mycobacterium convolution acclimated to propane with 56 uL O2 taken up/mg cells-hour in the Warburg test, resulting in production of acrylic acid. However, the latter did cause inhibition of growth(2). Cell-free cultures of Methylosinaus trichosporium and Methylococcus capsulatus, isolated from lake water from Warinanaco Park, Linden NJ and from lake and soil samples from Bayway Refinery, Linden, NJ and acclimated to methane, were found to convert propylene to propylene oxide at a rate ranging from 2.5 to 5.5 umol/hr per mg of protein(3,4).

... PL-1 (an axenic culture isolated from marine soil) in the presence or absence of arsenite (an inhibitor of pyruvate metabolism) metabolised propylene ... into two products, the first containing one carbon atom and the second containing two. Isocitrate lyase activity and fatty acid profile determination further indicated that ... PL-1 oxidized propylene via attack at the double bond, resulting in cleavage of the molecule.

Radiolabeled experiments with (14)C propylene and (14)CO2 in PL-1 (an axenic culture isolated from marine soil) in the presence or absence of arsenite (an inhibitor of pyruvate metabolism) indicated that propylene was not metabolized into pyruvate, but rather was cleaved into two products, the first containing one carbon atom and the second containing two. Isocitrate lyase activity and fatty acid profile determination further indicated that ... PL-1 oxidized propylene via attack at the double bond, resulting in cleavage of the molecule.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propylene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 2.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 15 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propylene with ozone has been estimated as 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 23 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(3). Propylene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(4). Propylene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Data on the diurnal rates of several groups of reactions between atmospheric components and propylene indicated that the principal source of attack was the hydroxyl radical (OH), which accounted for more than 75 percent of the total propylene removed. The reactions of propylene with ozone were predominant during the evening. The reactions of propylene with atomic oxygen or excited sulfur dioxide (SO2) were reported to be insignificant in the environment because of their relatively low concentration.

Water vapor (<11,000 ppm) had no effect on the photooxidation rate of propylene by NOx or on the yield of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3). Carbon monoxide (<200 ppm), on the other hand, increased the rate of propylene photooxidation and product formation.

An estimated BCF of 7 was calculated in fish for propylene(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.77(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of propylene can be estimated to be 22(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that propylene is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for propylene is 0.196 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that propylene is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 3 days(SRC). Propylene's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Propylene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 8690 mm Hg(3).

SURFACE WATER: In an unspecified number of samples in 1979, propylene was detected in water samples from the Gulf of Mexico (0.1-16 nL/L), Caribbean Sea (0.2-5.8 nL/L), Atlantic Ocean (0.6-11 nL/L) and the Pacific Ocean (0.6-3.6 nL/L)(1). In 1982, propylene was found in the Gulf of Mexico near the mouth of the Mississippi River and the discharge waters from an offshore oil production facility; concentrations were 67.1 and 91.9 nL/L in two separate samples taken by different sampling stations in the Gulf of Mexico(4). In April 1985, propylene was detected in several water samples taken from the Indian Ocean near Madagascar and the coast of Africa, concentrations ranged from 2.5-15 ppb(3). A 1992 study of water samples from the mid-Atlantic found propylene concentrations ranging from 73-125 pmol/L from 35 deg N to 8 deg N and 31-78 pmol/L from 8 deg N to 30 deg S(2).

Emissions of propylene from automobile exhaust ranged from 2.09 to 3.24% TNMHC (total non-methane hydrocarbon) at 6 sites on U.S. Highway 70, Raleigh, NC(1). Emissions of propylene from various gasoline fueled engines ranged from 45-80 mg/km driven(5). In another study, emissions of propylene from various gasoline fueled engines averaged 95.29 mg/km driven in an urban area, 61.32 mg/km driven in a suburban area, 46.79 mg/km driven in a rural area, and 44.44-50.46 mg/km driven on a motorway(3). Furthermore, emissions of propylene increased from about 2.8 to about 6.5% of total hydrocarbon content (THC) when the speed increased from 20 km/hr to about 115 km/hr(3). Propylene concentrations ranged from 0.038-0.19 ppm in air containing automotive emissions(4). Propylene was qualitatively identified in emissions from burning polyethylene(5) and samples of volcanic gases from Kunashir Island, U.S.S.R(6). The average concentration of propylene in the Lincoln Tunnel (connecting Weehawhen, NJ with Manhattan Island, NY) was 630.1 ppbC in 1970 and 122.4 ppbC in 1982(7).

Propylene was detected in 9 jet engine emission samples at a concentration range of 0.03-430.3 ppmC(1). Propylene was detected at a concentration range of 92-126 ppb in 3 wood combustion emissions(2). Propylene was qualitatively identified in stack emissions from waste incineration(3). Emissions of propylene from various gasoline fueled cars were: 1.42-2.92% of total hydrocarbon content (THC) in a 1987 Toyota Camry, 0.99-4.10% THC in a 1986 GM Grand Am, 1.14-3.16% THC in a 1986 Ford Mustang, 1.36-2.49% THC in a 1984 GM Cavalier, 0.73-1.47% THC in a 1986 Chrysler Omni, 1.57-2.76% THC in a 1987 Nissan Sentra, 2.80-4.79% THC in a 1985 Honda Accord, 0.66-1.77% THC in a 1987 Toyota Corolla, and 1.75-3.12% THC in a 1987 Dodge Caravelle(4). Emissions of propylene from GM's first variable-fuel vehicle using methanol/gasoline mixtures were 0.8 mg/mi (100% methanol), 2.5 mg/mi (85% methanol), 7.8 mg/mi (50% methanol), 10.0 mg/mi (15% methanol), and 10.7 mg/mi (0% methanol)(5). The contribution of vehicle emissions from an attached garage to residential indoor propylene levels was studied using a 1993 Buick Regal. Propylene emission rates (mg/test) at cold start were 300 at -10 °C, 150 at 0 °C, and 150 at 24 °C(6). Propylene was reported at 2.20, 2.19 and 1.19% of total VOC species in exhaust from light-, medium- and heavy-duty diesel trucks, respectively, in Beijing, China. In 2012, the number of vehicles in Beijing numbered 5 million of which 4% where diesel(7).

In the summer of 1990, a six-site air quality monitoring study in Atlanta, GA found the median concentration of propene in nine air samples taken from a major interstate roadway was 1.96 ppb with an error of 0.18(1). A 1999 air quality study in Cairo, Egypt found propene in a median concentration of 1.85 and 1.59 in an unspecified number of roadway and motorcycle emission air samples(2). In 1993, an air sampling study in the Van Nuys Tunnel in Los Angeles, CA found propylene at a concentration of 292 mg/L in the tunnel after a 4 hour sampling period(3). In 1995, a study of Cassiar Connector Tunnel in Vancouver, British Columbia found a propylene concentration of 5.07% of total hydrocarbon content in 16 air samples taken during July-August of 1995(4).

A survey on the concentration of compounds emitted from various trades and industries in Hong Kong was performed to indicate the level of pollutants occurring in the stacks of selected industries. Sampling from 2 stacks in a gas works revealed a mean propylene concentration of 0.257 uL/cu m (range = 0.182 to 0.332).

The propylene content of the exhaust gases of automobiles burning leaded and unleaded gasoline was lower in late-model cars equipped with oxidative catalytic converters (2.9 percent as carbon) than earlier models without converters (6.5 percent as carbon).

SEDIMENT: In 1977, respective propylene concentrations in core samples taken from the Bering shelf, Bering slope, and Aleutian basin were: 9-77, 7-87, and 6-40 mL/L interstitial water(1).

Propylene concentrations in ambient air samples have been found to vary diurnally and with wind direction. Ground-level concentrations of propylene in urban air samples collected in several US cities ranged from 4 to 17 ppb (geometric mean), whereas concentrations in rural surface air samples from six domestic sites ranged from <0.5 to 3.0 ppb (geometric mean).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Propylene was detected at a concentration range of 7-32 ppbV in Los Angeles, CA air during Sept 29-Nov 13, 1981(1). Average monthly concentrations of propylene ranged from 1.1 to 15.3 ppbV for 1985 in atmospheric samples taken at Deonar, India(2). Propylene was detected in Tulsa, OK air on July 27, 1978 at average concentration ranges of 4.2-5.6, 2.8-3.2, and 27.5-109.9 ppbC downwind from the health department, post office, and the Texaco refinery, respectively(3). Average propylene concentrations in urban air were 22.2 ppbC in Sydney, Australia during Sept 1979-June 1980(4), 17.0 ppbC in Houston, TX, USA during July 1976(5), 14.0 ppbC in Upland, CA, USA during June-Sept 1975(6), 8.0 ppbC in Washington D.C., USA during July-August 1980(7), and 5.1 ppbC in Lancaster, England during June-July 1983(7). In May of 1976, propylene was detected at a concentration range of 0.3-1.0 ppbC at 6 of 7 sites in St. Petersburg/Tampa, the Everglades, and Miami, FL(8). A study conducted in Edmonton, Alberta 1991-1993 found a median of 2.67 ug/ cu m of propylene in 212 air samples taken in the downtown area (9). In 1993-94 twelve air samples collected in Athens, Greece found an average propylene concentration of 3.9 ppb, at a sampling station 4 m above ground(10). A study of Washington D.C. baseline volatile organic compounds from 1990 to 1991 collected samples every 6 days and propylene was found in 93% of the samples with an average concentration of 1.94 ppb(11). A study conducted in London examined air contaminants from the summer of 1991 to the summer of 1992 with propylene concentrations ranging from 2.6-19.6 ppbv; samples were collected each day for 30 minutes per hour(12).

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Propylene is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

/GUIDE 115 GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Fire or Explosion: EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Methane (UN1971) are lighter than air and will rise. Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.) Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

/GUIDE 115 GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Health: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be irritating if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.

/GUIDE 115 GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).

/GUIDE 115 GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Propylene (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1077; Propylene.

IMO 2.1; Propylene

49 057 82; Propylene

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Propylene is included on the dangerous goods list.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Propylene is included on the dangerous goods list.

Flammable Gas

Symbol: F+; R: 12; S: (2)-9-16-33

UN Hazard Class: 2.1