triethyl phosphite

H226 (96.2%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H302 (69.8%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H315 (19.6%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (72.5%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319 (21.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (19.9%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (18.6%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H412 (59.8%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 291 reports by companies from 21 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P318, P321, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

INHALATION: CALL FOR MEDICAL ASSISTANCE. Remove to fresh air. Treat symptomatically. If not breathing, give artificial respiration.

INGESTION: If swallowed and victim is conscious, have victim drink 1-2 glasses of milk or water and induce vomiting. If unconscious, do nothing except keep victim warm.

EYES: Flush with water for 15 minutes.

SKIN: Flush affected area with soap and plenty of water. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use powder, foam, carbon dioxide. NO hydrous agents. NO water. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

In case of fire: cool drums, etc., by spraying with water but avoid contact of the substance with water.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.

Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for TRIETHYL PHOSPHITE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Dry. Separated from acids and strong oxidants. See Chemical Dangers.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Storage class (TRGS 510): Flammable liquids.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

8.5 [mg/m3]

93 [mg/m3]

560 [mg/m3]

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

/The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an international treaty which bans the development, production, stockpiling, and transfer or use of chemical weapons. The Convention mandates the destruction and prohibition of chemical weapons and related facilities and provides for restrictions on international trade in toxic chemicals and precursors./ The Convention's monitoring and verification measures involve submission of declarations regarding ... /Schedule 1, 2, and 3 chemicals/ and inspections by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons of the facilities where these chemicals are produced. ... Schedule 3 chemicals ... /may/ have been stockpiled or used as weapons, but ... are produced /and used/ in large quantities for purposes not prohibited by the Convention (2). Triethyl phosphite is listed in the CWC Annex on Chemicals under Schedule 3 (1).

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance and the vapour are irritating to the eyes and skin.

Self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber gloves and rubber boots. (USCG, 1999)

Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 54 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

Use ventilation.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Triethyl phosphite appears as a clear colorless liquid with a strong foul odor. Flash point 130 °F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.

Colorless liquid; [HSDB]

COLOURLESS LIQUID.

Colorless liquid

Pungent odor

Characteristic, obnoxious phosphite odor

311 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

157.9 °C

157-159 °C

156 °C @760 [mm Hg]

115 °F (USCG, 1999)

54 °C (129 °F) - closed cup

54 °C c.c.

Soluble in alcohol, ether

Solubility in water: reaction

0.969 (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.9629 g at 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.97

1.413 @25 °C

1.95 mm Hg at 20 °C

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

The substance decomposes on heating or on burning producing toxic fumes including phosphorous oxides.

Index of refraction: 1.4127 at 20 °C/D

Decomposes when dissolved in water

Schoenflies notation

Chemical bond

Chemical shift

Internuclear distance

Lineshape

Molecular structure

Optical coefficient

Point group

Refractive index

Surface tension

Other Classes -> Phosphite Compounds

Flammable agents - 2nd degree

Reactive agents - 1st degree

Flammable. Insoluble in water.

Sulfonates, Phosphonates, and Thiophosphonates, Organic

Reducing Agents, Weak

Highly Flammable

TRIETHYL PHOSPHITE is colorless, moderately toxic liquid, combustible. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of oxides of phosphorus [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1271].

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.

Reacts with oxygen at low temperatures to form an explosive product.

Reacts with water, acids and strong oxidants, causing fire and explosion hazard.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Triethyl phosphite is a colorless liquid with a characteristic, obnoxious phosphite odor. It is a chemical intermediate for vinyl phosphate insecticides, for phosphonate insecticides; sugarcane ripener. Schedule 3B precursor to dimethyl methylphosphonate, which is a sarin precursor and nerve agent simulant. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Human blood monocyte carboxylesterase is inhibited by triethyl phosphite. ANIMAL STUDIES: Triethyl phosphite showed slightly irritating effects on the eyes of 3 male rabbits. All animals showed slight or clearly visible conjunctival erythema in the treated eyes. Slight chemosis and increased secretion were recorded in two animals, each. The findings appeared within one hr and were completely reversible within 48 hr. Six rabbits revealed slightly irritating effects on the skin after 4 hr of semi-occlusive exposure to the undiluted triethyl phosphite. All animals showed slight or clearly visible erythema at the treated sites up to 48 hr after exposure. At day 7, slight erythema still persisted in 5 animals, but had resolved in all but one animal at day 10. None of the animals showed edema at any of the observations. An acute inhalation study was done with male and female rats. After an exposure period of 6 hours the calculated LC50 was 11.6 mg/L for males and 11.1 mg/L for females. A similar study in mice gave LC50 values of 6.2 and 9.2 mg/L for male and female animals, respectively. In both species, signs of toxic stress included eye and upper respiratory irritation, salivation and rapid, shallow breathing; most deaths occurred within 24 hr following treatment. In developmental study doses of 0, 10, 80, 320 and 640 mg/kg bw/day were used for oral administration (gavage) to rats. Groups of 12 male and female rats each were treated (control group: 15 males and 15 females). F0-Animals were treated from 2 weeks before mating to the end of gestation and up to 6 days of lactation. Males were killed after 36 to 37 days of treatment. Females and pups were killed on days 4 to 6 post partum. Ovaries, mammae, testes, epididymides and macroscopically altered tissues of F0 animals were examined histologically. Parameters of general toxicity and fertility, as well as pre- and post-natal development were recorded. In F1, the sex ratio, mortality and weights were not affected by treatment up to and including doses of 80 mg/kg bw/day, while evaluation was not possible at higher doses as there were no surviving pups. No externally malformed pups were observed. The in vivo micronucleus assay in mice was negative. There was no indication of a potential to induce gene mutations in the Ames test with four different strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537) both with and without metabolic activation. The test was performed including cytotoxic concentrations.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Abdominal pain.

LC50 (rat) = 11,063 mg/m3/6H

LD50 Rabbit (female) dermal >3,000 mg/kg bw

LD50 Rabbit (male) dermal 2,800 mg/kg bw

LD50 Rat (male) inhalation 11,600 mg/cu m (6 hr)

LD50 Rat (female) inhalation 11,100 mg/cu m (6 hr)

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for TRIETHYL PHOSPHITE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do no induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Phosphorous and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . If product was ingested, protect yourself from contact with vomitus as it may cause burns. /Phosphorus and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (decreased LOC, tachycardia, pallor, dilated pupils, diaphoresis, and/or dextrose stick or glucometer readings below 50 mg/dL) and administer 50% dextrose if necessary. Draw blood sample before administration ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Phosphorus and related compounds/

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ Human blood monocyte carboxylesterase (CBE) is inhibited by a variety of organophosphorus compounds including arylphosphates and arylphosphites and some alkylphosphites. Triphenyl phosphate and triphenyl phosphite with Ki values of 8 x 10(-9) M and 4.8 x 10(-8) M, respectively, are the most potent inhibitors of this enzyme evaluated by this study. The arylphosphates vary in their capacity to inhibit carboxylesterase activity. Diphenyl phosphate with its strong negative charge is not a potent inhibitor (Ki = 1 x 10(-4) M), whereas if its negative charge is neutralized, as in diphenyl methyl phosphate, its capacity to inhibit carboxylesterase is significantly increased. Compounds with increased bulk, such as trinaphthyl phosphate, only inhibit the enzyme at concentrations of 10(-5) M or greater. Arylphosphites have inhibitory capacities similar to the arylphosphates. Alkylphosphites (tributyl phosphite/triethyl phosphite) inhibit carboxylesterase activity, whereas alkylphosphates (tributyl phosphate/triethyl phosphate) have no inhibitory effect. Arylphosphines and arylphosphine oxides do not inhibit carboxylesterase activity. This study demonstrates that organophosphates and organophosphites are relatively effective inhibitors of human monocyte CBE activity with the exception of the alkylphosphates which have no inhibitory activity. We conclude that molecular bulk and charge have a significant role in determining the potency of organophosphorus inhibitors of monocyte CBE. The observed variations in the degree of esterase inhibition by organophosphorus compounds as well as the differences in the pathological expression of neuropathic disorders associated with such chemicals suggest that different esterase enzymes derived from the family of esterase genes may mediate the different neuropathies observed with organophosphorus exposures. Such data also provide the rationale for the kinetic analyses of esterases and the design of non-toxic organophosphorus compounds with low or no monocyte CBE inhibitory capacity to reduce the potential of these commonly used chemicals for human toxicity.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In a pre-test groups of five females and five males were intraperitoneally administered with 1,000 mg/kg bw, 1,500 mg/kg bw, 1,750 mg/kg bw and 2,500 mg/kg bw triethyl phosphite dissolved in corn oil. The following symptoms were recorded up to 48 hours, starting at exposure levels of 1,000 mg/kg bw: apathy, semianesthetized state, roughened fur, staggering gait, sternal and lateral recumbency, spasm, twitching, shivering, difficulty in breathing and flat breathing. In addition, 2 of 5 animals died in the 1,750 mg/kg bw group, and 4 out of 5 animals in the 2,500 mg/kg bw group. As the test substance was shown to be not stable in corn oil at a concentration of 10 mg/mL, an additional study was performed with paraffinum perliquidum as vehicle. In this study no animal died after a single intraperitoneal dose of 1,500 mg/kg bw. The following symptoms were recorded for up to 48 hours: apathy, roughened fur, staggering gait, sternal and lateral recumbency, spasm, shivering and difficulty in breathing. All treated animals showed the following symptoms of toxicity after administration of 1,500 mg/kg bw triethyl phosphite until sacrifice: apathy, semi-anesthetized state, roughened fur, pallor, staggering gait, sternal position, spasm, twitching, shivering and difficulty in breathing. No symptoms were recorded for the control group. All animals survived until the end of the test.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ An acute inhalation study was done with male and female Fisher 344 rats. After an exposure period of 6 hours the calculated LC50 was 11.6 mg/L for males and 11.1 mg/L for females with an aerosol of 1.6 - 3.5 um MMAD. A similar study in CD-1 mice gave LC50 values of 6.2 and 9.2 mg/L for male and female animals, respectively. In both species, signs of toxic stress included eye and upper respiratory irritation, salivation and rapid, shallow breathing; most deaths occurred within 24 hr following treatment.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The studies on toxic properties of trimethyl and triethyl phosphites involved: determination of acute general toxic effect on white rats following intragastric and intraperitoneal administration of these compounds, based on LD50 test, determination of damaging effect direction, by histopathological examination of animals' internal organs, determination of intensity of primarily irritating action on the skin, eye and conjunctiva, as well as sensitizing effect on guinea-pigs. LD50 value for trimethyl phosphite following intragastric administration was found to be 2.45 g/kg and following intraperitoneal administration--2.25 g/kg; for triethyl phosphite these values were: 4.00 g/kg after intragastric administration and 1.50 g/kg after intraperitoneal administration, respectively. In local action both phosphites mildly irritate the skin, eye and conjunctiva. A weak sensitizing effect of triethyl phosphite was found. Trimethyl and triethyl phosphites have general toxic effects. A particular direction of their action is demonstrated by acroparalysis. Apart from general action they were found to show systemic action and induce parenchymatous degeneration of the liver and kidneys, whatever route of administration. Administered intragastrically, they result in mucosa necrosis, ulceration and fibrino-purulent exudate, exfoliating the mucosa.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In a study with male and female Fisher 344 rats triethyl phosphite was administered in doses from 1000 to 4000 mg/kg bw. ... Symptoms of rapid breathing and tremors were observed prior to death

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TRIETHYL PHOSPHITE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

EPA has released the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays/[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of July 7, 2016: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

EC50; Species: Scenedesmus subspicatus (Alga); Conditions: static, 21-25 °C, pH 8-10; Concentration: >73.6 mg/L for 72 hr; Effect: decreased growth rate and biomass /purity 98.8%/ /calculated from diethyl phosphite/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna /(water flea)/ age 6-24 hr; Conditions: static, 19.1-19.4 °C; pH 6.9-8; Concentration: 94.1 mg/L for 24 hr /calculated from diethyl phosphite/

LC50; Species: Brachydanio rerio (Fish) age 7 months, length 2.5-3.5 cm; Conditions: static, 20.9-22.6 °C; Concentration: 251.6 mg/L for 96 hr /calculated from diethyl phosphite/ /purity 98.8%/

Triethyl phosphite's production and use an intermediate for the production of flame retardants, optical brighteners, pesticides, antioxidants, and pharmaceuticals may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Hydrolysis is expected to be an important fate process for triethyl phosphite. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates triethyl phosphite will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase triethyl phosphite will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours. Triethyl phosphite does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, adsorption to soil, volatilization from moist soil surfaces, and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite. Triethyl phosphite may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its estimated vapor pressure. If released into water, adsorption to suspended solids and sediment, volatilization from water surfaces, bioconcentration, and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite. Results of standard biodegradation tests indicate triethyl phosphite is inherently biodegradable; however, the tests are likely measuring the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products. In acid solution (pH = 4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol. At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed. At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours. Occupational exposure to triethyl phosphite may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where triethyl phosphite is produced or used(SRC). Exposure to the general population to triethyl phosphite is unlikely, since it is only used as a chemical intermediate and is expected to rapidly hydrolyze in the environment. (SRC)

Triethyl phosphite's production and use an intermediate for the production of flame retardants, optical brighteners, pesticides, antioxidants, and pharmaceuticals(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes rapidly in the presence of water(1) and, therefore, adsorption to soil, volatilization from moist soil surfaces, and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC). In acid solution (pH = 4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol(1). At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed(1). At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours(1). Triethyl phosphite is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm Hg(1). Results of standard biodegradation tests indicate triethyl phosphite is inherently biodegradable; however, the tests are likely measuring the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products(1,2).

AQUATIC FATE: Triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes rapidly in the presence of water(1) and, therefore, adsorption to sediment, volatilization from water surfaces, bioconcentration and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC). In acid solution (pH = 4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol(1). At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed(1). At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours(1). Results of standard biodegradation tests indicate triethyl phosphite is inherently biodegradable; however, the tests are likely measuring the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products(1,2).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), triethyl phosphite, which has a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm Hg at 20 °C(SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase triethyl phosphite is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Triethyl phosphite does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: In 2 tests on ready biodegradation, triethyl phosphite was degraded by 49-69%, therefore, it did not reach the criteria for ready biodegradability(1). However, from the degradation curve it can be assumed that hydrolysis was the prerequisite for biodegradation(1). Using OECD Guideline 302C (Inherent Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test II) with an activated sludge inoculum, triethyl phosphite was degraded >100% based on O2 consumption and 73% based on DOC removal classifying the compound as inherently biodegradable(2); the complete disappearance of triethyl phosphite to monoethyl and diethyl phosphite and phosphorous acid in the test system is likely the result of hydrolysis followed by biodegradation(1,2). Biodegradation is not expected to be an important fate process for triethyl phosphite(SRC) due to its hydrolysis(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of triethyl phosphite with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6.6 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). In acid solution (pH=4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol(2). At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed(2). At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours(2). The UV absorption spectrum of triethyl phosphite suggests that triethyl phosphite does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Bioconcentration is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite(SRC).

Adsorption to soils or suspended solids and sediment is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite(1).

Volatilization from water surfaces or moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) due to the hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite(1). Triethyl phosphite is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm at 20 °C(1).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 1 reporting facility estimates the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of triethyl phosphite (122-52-1) in the United States as confidential business information (CBI); the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1974) has statistically estimated that 5,414 workers are potentially exposed to triethyl phosphite in the US(1). Occupational exposure to triethyl phosphite may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where triethyl phosphite is produced or used(SRC). Exposure to the general population to triethyl phosphite is unlikely(SRC), since it is only used as a chemical intermediate and is expected to rapidly hydrolyze in the environment(2).

EC50; Species: Scenedesmus subspicatus (Alga); Conditions: static, 21-25 °C, pH 8-10; Concentration: >73.6 mg/L for 72 hr; Effect: decreased growth rate and biomass /purity 98.8%/ /calculated from diethyl phosphite/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna /(water flea)/ age 6-24 hr; Conditions: static, 19.1-19.4 °C; pH 6.9-8; Concentration: 94.1 mg/L for 24 hr /calculated from diethyl phosphite/

LC50; Species: Brachydanio rerio (Fish) age 7 months, length 2.5-3.5 cm; Conditions: static, 20.9-22.6 °C; Concentration: 251.6 mg/L for 96 hr /calculated from diethyl phosphite/ /purity 98.8%/

Triethyl phosphite's production and use an intermediate for the production of flame retardants, optical brighteners, pesticides, antioxidants, and pharmaceuticals may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Hydrolysis is expected to be an important fate process for triethyl phosphite. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates triethyl phosphite will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase triethyl phosphite will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours. Triethyl phosphite does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, adsorption to soil, volatilization from moist soil surfaces, and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite. Triethyl phosphite may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its estimated vapor pressure. If released into water, adsorption to suspended solids and sediment, volatilization from water surfaces, bioconcentration, and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite. Results of standard biodegradation tests indicate triethyl phosphite is inherently biodegradable; however, the tests are likely measuring the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products. In acid solution (pH = 4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol. At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed. At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours. Occupational exposure to triethyl phosphite may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where triethyl phosphite is produced or used(SRC). Exposure to the general population to triethyl phosphite is unlikely, since it is only used as a chemical intermediate and is expected to rapidly hydrolyze in the environment. (SRC)

Triethyl phosphite's production and use an intermediate for the production of flame retardants, optical brighteners, pesticides, antioxidants, and pharmaceuticals(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes rapidly in the presence of water(1) and, therefore, adsorption to soil, volatilization from moist soil surfaces, and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC). In acid solution (pH = 4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol(1). At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed(1). At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours(1). Triethyl phosphite is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm Hg(1). Results of standard biodegradation tests indicate triethyl phosphite is inherently biodegradable; however, the tests are likely measuring the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products(1,2).

AQUATIC FATE: Triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes rapidly in the presence of water(1) and, therefore, adsorption to sediment, volatilization from water surfaces, bioconcentration and biodegradation are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC). In acid solution (pH = 4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol(1). At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed(1). At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours(1). Results of standard biodegradation tests indicate triethyl phosphite is inherently biodegradable; however, the tests are likely measuring the biodegradability of the hydrolysis products(1,2).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), triethyl phosphite, which has a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm Hg at 20 °C(SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase triethyl phosphite is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Triethyl phosphite does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: In 2 tests on ready biodegradation, triethyl phosphite was degraded by 49-69%, therefore, it did not reach the criteria for ready biodegradability(1). However, from the degradation curve it can be assumed that hydrolysis was the prerequisite for biodegradation(1). Using OECD Guideline 302C (Inherent Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test II) with an activated sludge inoculum, triethyl phosphite was degraded >100% based on O2 consumption and 73% based on DOC removal classifying the compound as inherently biodegradable(2); the complete disappearance of triethyl phosphite to monoethyl and diethyl phosphite and phosphorous acid in the test system is likely the result of hydrolysis followed by biodegradation(1,2). Biodegradation is not expected to be an important fate process for triethyl phosphite(SRC) due to its hydrolysis(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of triethyl phosphite with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6.6 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). In acid solution (pH=4), triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes immediately forming diethyl phosphite and ethanol(2). At pH 7, triethyl phosphite hydrolyzes completely within 20 minutes; after 3 hours 89.3% diethyl phosphite and 10.7% monoethyl phosphite are formed(2). At pH 9, the half-life of triethyl phosphite in water is approximately 5.1 hours; 70% of the substance remains unhydrolyzed after 3 hours(2). The UV absorption spectrum of triethyl phosphite suggests that triethyl phosphite does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Bioconcentration is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite(SRC).

Adsorption to soils or suspended solids and sediment is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) due to the rapid hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite(1).

Volatilization from water surfaces or moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) due to the hydrolysis of triethyl phosphite(1). Triethyl phosphite is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.95 mm at 20 °C(1).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 1 reporting facility estimates the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of triethyl phosphite (122-52-1) in the United States as confidential business information (CBI); the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1974) has statistically estimated that 5,414 workers are potentially exposed to triethyl phosphite in the US(1). Occupational exposure to triethyl phosphite may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where triethyl phosphite is produced or used(SRC). Exposure to the general population to triethyl phosphite is unlikely(SRC), since it is only used as a chemical intermediate and is expected to rapidly hydrolyze in the environment(2).

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

/GUIDE 130 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 130 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 130 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 130 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for TRIETHYL PHOSPHITE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2323; Triethyl phosphite

IMO 3; Triethyl phosphite

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Triethyl phosphite is included on the dangerous goods list.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Triethyl phosphite is included on the dangerous goods list.

Flammable Liquid

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: III