Butyl Acetate

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P319, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.3% (12 of 4374) of reports.

H226 (99.2%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H336 (99.7%): May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

Aggregated GHS information provided per 4374 reports by companies from 88 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 12 of 4374 reports by companies.

There are 87 notifications provided by 4362 of 4374 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264+P265, P271, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P321, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H316: Causes mild skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P319, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane (UN1261) or nitroethane (UN2842).

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use AFFF, alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

If material on fire or involved in a fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Butyl acetates/

Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions: Carbon oxides.

Its vapors are heavier than air.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable metal or glass containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Remove all sources of ignition. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. /Butyl acetates/

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Use surface active agent (eg detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by EPA. Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increased effectiveness of booms. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Butyl acetates/

Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. /Butyl acetates/

The waste waters from the production of antibiotics contain certain quantities of butyl acetate or butanol. For the purpose of their purification by removal of these organic solvents a technology and an installation have been created. The installation described operates steadily with waters tending to cause settling of solids, when heated in a heat exchanger or when decreasing the concentration of the organic solvent in the stripping column. The investigation of the industrial column shows a degree of purification of 99-100% at different regimes of operation. The five year exploitation of the installation for removal of butyl acetate and the two year operation of that for the removal of butanol showed that the solids coagulating from waste water did not settle on the apparatus walls.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Remove all sources of ignition. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Precautions for safe handling: Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Use explosion-proof equipment. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.

Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, strong bases and strong acids. Cool.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

100.0 [ppm]

5.0 [ppm]

200 [ppm]

3000 [ppm]

150 ppm (710 mg/m³)

200 ppm (950 mg/m³)

TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) ST 200 ppm (950 mg/m3)

150.0 [ppm]

TWA 150 ppm (710 mg/m3) See Appendix G

1700 ppm ; Based on 10% of the lower explosive limit. (NIOSH, 2024)

1700.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Other animal data: A 4­hour exposure to 10,000 ppm was not lethal to rats [Smyth 1956]. \\ Human data: Severe irritation of the throat has been reported in volunteers exposed to 300 ppm for 3 to 5 minutes [Nelson et al. 1943]. However, it has also been reported that irritation of the eyes and nose is first objectionable at 3,300 ppm and that higher concentrations cause tearing and hyperemia of the conjunctiva [Grant 1974].

1700 ppm [IDLH based on 10% of the lower explosive limit for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that irreversible health effects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.]

1700 ppm

1700 ppm [10%LEL]

See: 123864

50.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 50 ppm; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 200 ppm.

50 ppm as TWA; 150 ppm as STEL.

241 mg/m

480 mg/m

ERPG-1: 5 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 1 = mild transient health effects or objectionable odor [AIHA]

ERPG-2: 200 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 2 = impaired ability to take protective action [AIHA]

ERPG-3: 3,000 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 3 = life threatening health effects [AIHA]

Emergency Response Planning Guidlines (ERPGs) for n-butyl acetate:[Table#500]

Japan (1975): 200 ppm; West Germany (1976): 200 ppm; Sweden (1974): 150 ppm; USSR (1973): 40 ppm.

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure far above the OEL could cause lowering of consciousness.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for n-Butyl acetate:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET (FLAMMABLE) - Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100 °F).

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift. (NIOSH, 2024)

Eye/face protection: Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Body Protection: Impervious clothing. Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Butyl acetate appears as a clear colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Flash point 72 - 88 °F. Density 7.4 lb / gal (less than water). Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air.

CBI; Liquid

Colorless liquid with a fruity odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

colourless, mobile liquid with a strong fruity odour

Colorless liquid with a fruity odor.

Colorless liquid

Strong fruity odor

Fruity odor

Burning and then sweet taste reminiscent of pineapple

Pleasant, banana-like taste

259.7 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

126.0 °C

126.10 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

125-126 °C

126 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-108.2 °F (NTP, 1992)

72 °F (NTP, 1992)

72 °F (22 °C) (Closed cup)

22 °C c.c.

1 to 5 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

In water, 8.33X10+3 mg/L at 25 °C

In water, 6,700 ppm at 25 °C

Soluble in 120 parts water at 25 °C

In water, 14,000 mg/L at 20 °C; 5,000 mg/L at 25 °C

For more Solubility (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

8.4 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.7

miscible with alcohol, ether, propylene glycol; soluble 1 ml in 145 ml water

(in ethanol)

0.875 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8825 g/cu cm at 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.88

0.876-0.880

0.88 @25 °C

4 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

4.0 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 4.0

10 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

11.5 [mmHg]

Highly flammable. Very slightly soluble in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Highly Flammable

BUTYL ACETATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Attacks many plastics. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 233].

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents, Strong reducing agents, Strong bases.

Contact with nitrates, strong oxidizers, strong alkalies, and strong acids may cause fires and explosions.

Ignites on contact with potassium tert-butoxide.

Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids.

Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids

Safe in the present practices of use and concentration. Ingredient, concentration, and use information are available in documents discoverable at https://cir-reports.cir-safety.org

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: n-Butyl acetate is a colorless liquid. It is used in manufacture of lacquer, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics, and safety glass. It is also used as an organic solvent and synthetic flavoring ingredient. HUMAN STUDIES: Male and female volunteers were exposed to different concentrations of n-butyl acetate vapor for 2 to 5 minutes. With exposure at 200 ppm for 3 to 5 minutes, the majority of the subjects complained of throat irritation; at 300 ppm for 3 to 5 minutes, the majority reported eye and nose irritation and severe throat irritation. In cases of severe overexposure, weakness, drowsiness, and unconsciousness have been seen. Chronic exposure to n-butyl acetate in humans has been associated with mild skin irritation. Repeated contact of the skin with the liquid may lead to defatting and cracking. Workers exposed chronically to n-butyl acetate have reported conjunctival irritation, feeling of chest constriction, and coughing. However, permanent lesions of the eyes and respiratory tract and other systemic effects have been reported in an occupational setting only when n-butyl acetate is present in a mixture with other solvents, and these effects appear to be due to the other solvents. ANIMAL STUDIES: n-Butyl acetate showed no sensitization potential when tested in a maximization test using guinea-pigs. Following 24 hr application of 0.01 mL of the neat material to the clipped skin of five albino rabbits, n-butyl acetate was slightly irritating. Guinea pigs exposed for 1 to 810 minutes at vapor concentration of 0.33, 0.7, or 1.4% by volume of n-butyl acetate were examined. At 0.33%, only eye irritation occurred. Irritation of the nose and eyes, lacrimation, incoordination, CNS depression, and respiratory disturbances were noted at the two higher concentration. Deaths were recorded only at the 1.4% concentration after 4 hours and occurred during exposure; slight to moderate congestion of the brain, lungs, and kidneys were noted. In mice, minimally effective concentrations for activity-decreasing effects were 2000 ppm for ethyl acetate and 8000 ppm for n-butyl acetate. The mutagenicity of n-butyl acetate in Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538) and Escherichia coli (WP2uvrA) was examined. The mutation test was performed in the absence and presence of rat microsomal activation. No mutagenic activity was observed with n-butyl acetate.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Sore throat. Dizziness. Headache.

Dry skin.

Redness. Pain.

irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; headache, drowsiness, narcosis

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

LC50 (rat) = 390 ppm/4H

LD50 Rabbit dermal >14,112 mg/kg bw

LD50 Rat (female) oral 10,760 mg/kg bw

LD50 Rat (male) oral 12,789 mg/kg bw

LC50 Mouse inhalation 6000 mg/cu m/2 hr

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The effects of combined exposure to n-butyl alcohol and n-butyl acetate on rotarod performance and hot plate behavior in rats and respiratory rate in mice were investigated in the condition of an acute inhalation experiment. Rotarod performance and hot-plate behavior were tested in rats exposed to various concentrations of n-butyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and their mixture consisting of 50 vol-% n-butyl alcohol and 50 vol-% n-butyl acetate immediately after termination of a 4 hr exposure period. The respiratory rate in mice was recorded continuously before the exposure to solvents, during 6 min of exposure and 6 min after termination of exposure using whole body plethysmographic method. Mice were exposed to vapors of single solvents and their 50:50 vol-% mixture. Both solvents and their mixture caused concentration-dependent disturbances of rotarod performance in rat. The medial effective concentration (EC50) for the effect amounted to 7559 ppm, 8339 ppm, and 10,672 ppm for n-butyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate and their mixture, respectively. Both solvents and their mixture decreased sensitivity to the pain and changes were concentration -dependent. In condition of combined exposure the results obtained in rotarod and hot-plate behavior test indicate the summation of individual solvent effects. The tested solvents resulted in concentration-dependent decrease in respiratory rate in mice. n-Butyl alcohol produced maximal decrease in respiratory rate in the first minute of exposure whereas n-butyl acetate in the sixth minute.

Adult female SPF rats (strain: Sprague-Dawley) were treated with 790 mg ethanol/kg body weight by intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes after the beginning of a 5-hr-inhalation of about 1,000 ppm n-butyl acetate in air via a tracheotomy tube (under urethane anesthesia). The elimination of the ethanol from blood which was increased to about 24 mmol/L (1.1%, g/v) was not delayed during the initial linear phase as compared to control (ethanol treatment without inhalation of n-butyl acetate). During inhalation approximately 24 mumol n-butyl acetate/L were measured in blood without ethanol treatment and approximately 52 mumol n-butanol/L as a metabolite of n-butyl acetate. The n-butanol content in blood was doubled under ethanol treatment. This increase is explained by substrate competition of both alcohols at the alcohol dehydrogenase with ethanol excess.

... The developmental toxic potential ... was examined in Sprague-Dawley rats following whole body inhalation exposure, 6 hr /per/ day, from day 6 to 20 of gestation. ... The developmental toxic effects of simultaneous exposures to ethylbenzene (EB) and /n-butyl acetate/ BA, or to toluene (TOL) and BA were evaluated. Pregnant rats were administered EB (0, 250 or 1000 ppm) and BA (0, 500 or 1500 ppm), or TOL (0, 500 or 1500 ppm) and BA (0, 500, 1500 ppm), separately and in combinations, using a 2 x 2 factorial design. The maternal weight gain was reduced after exposure to 1000 ppm EB, to 1500 ppm BA, or to 1500 ppm TOL, either alone or in binary combinations. A significant reduction of fetal weight was associated with exposure to 1000 ppm EB alone, to either mixtures of EB with BA, or to 1500 ppm TOL alone or combined with BA at either concentration. No embryolethal or teratogenic effects were observed whatever the exposure. There was no evidence of interaction between EB and BA or between TOL and BA in causing maternal or developmental effects.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Esters and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Esters and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Esters and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ No evidence of irritation or sensitization was reported in unpublished studies involving repeated insult patch tests with n-butyl acetate (4% in petrolatum) or as a nail enamel containing 25.5% n-butyl acetate on the skin of groups of (10-55) volunteers. ...

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ When volunteers were exposed to n-butyl acetate, most of them reported that 3 to 5 min of exposure to 970 mg/cu m was irritating to the throat and that 1450 mg/cu m was irritating to the nose and eyes as well. In a later study, volunteers were exposed to 70, 350, 1050 or 1400 mg/cu m for 20 min or to 70 or 700 mg/cu m for 4 hr. The highest concentrations caused minimal irritation of eyes and respiratory passages. ... This study also included a control group of 36 patients, all of whom tested negative. In sensitization studies with human subjects, n-butyl acetate (4 or 10% in petroleum jelly) was reported to cause no irritation or sensitization. ...

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The irritation produced by acute exposure to n-butyl acetate in human subjects without any history of occupational solvent exposure was studied in three experiments. Exposure levels tested in the different experiments were 350, 700, 1,050, and 1,400 mg/m in 20 min sessions, 70 and 1,400 mg/cu m in 20 min sessions, and 70 and 700 mg/cu m in 4 hr sessions. Rating scales, various measures of eye irritation, and pulmonary functions were used to evaluate the irritation, and pulmonary functions were used to evaluate the irritation produced by the exposures in different parts of the study. The results indicate only very slight irritation from the exposures as revealed by categorical ratings, magnitude estimation, and some of the clinical measures of eye irritation and pulmonary functions, such as eye redness, lipid layer thickness, and bronchial responsiveness. ...

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ During short-term exposure to the vapor of n-butyl acetate, irritation of the eyes, nose and throat have been noted; with severe overexposure, weakness, drowsiness, and unconsciousness have been seen. Chronic exposure to n-butyl acetate in humans has been associated with mild skin irritation.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Slight irritation was observed when 0.1 mL of n-butyl acetate (99% purity) was instilled into the conjunctival sac of four rabbits for 24 hr. A maximum Draize score of 7.5 (out of a possible total of 110) was recorded; scores at 48 hr, 72 hr, and 7 days were 2.0, 2.0, and 0.5, respectively. In a similar study, iritis and minor to moderate conjunctivitis (both of which had healed within 48 hr), but no corneal damage, were observed when 0.1 mL was instilled into the eyes of six rabbits. A maximum Draize score of 14.7/110 (occurring at 4 hr) was recorded. ...

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... In the maximization test, 15 Hartley strain guinea-pigs were each given intradermal injections of n-butyl acetate together with an adjuvant, followed 7 days later with a 48 hr covered patch. A challenge patch (24 hr covered contact) was applied 7 days after this induction regimen. ... /n-Butyl acetate showed no sensitization potential when tested in a maximization test using guinea-pigs. .../

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Following 24 hr application of 0.01 mL of the neat material to the clipped skin of five albino rabbits, n-butyl acetate was at most only slightly irritating. When 0.5 mL was applied to the clipped intact dorsal skin of New Zealand White rabbits (n = 5) under gauze patches and loosely covered with impervious sheeting for 4 hr, no irritation was observed over an observation period of 14 days. Severe irritation occurred, however, if the occlusion period was 24 hr.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In a series of acute 4 hour inhalation studies, ten Sprague Dawley rats, five animals of each sex, were exposed once for 4 hours to n-butyl acute vapor generated by different methods and then observed for 14 days. In one study, animals were exposed to a statically generated, nearly saturated (99.6%) vapor concentration of 6867 ppm. There were no deaths. Signs of toxicity observed on the day of exposure included ocular and respiratory irritation, dyspnea, ataxia, and /CNS depression/.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (22 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Status of Agents Search page, which tabulates the results and current status of tests such as "Short-Term Toxicity Studies", "Long-term Carcinogenicity Studies", "Developmental Studies", "Genetic Toxicology Studies", etc., performed with this chemical. Testing status for n-butyl acetate is available.[Available from, as of March 27, 2018: https://ntpsearch.niehs.nih.gov/?e=True&ContentType=Testing+Status]

EPA has released the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays/[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of March 27, 2018: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

LC50; Species: Chlorococcales (Green Algae Order); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 1200000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20-22 °C; Concentration: 205000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill); Conditions: static bioassay in fresh water, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, 23 °C; Concentration: 100 ppm for 96 hr

LC50; Species: Menidia beryllina (Inland silverside); Conditions: static bioassay in synthetic seawater, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, 23 °C; Concentration: 185 ppm for 96 hr

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50; Species: Chlorococcales (Green Algae Order); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 1200000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age < or =24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static, 20-22 °C; Concentration: 205000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill); Conditions: static bioassay in fresh water, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, 23 °C; Concentration: 100 ppm for 96 hr

LC50; Species: Menidia beryllina (Inland silverside); Conditions: static bioassay in synthetic seawater, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, 23 °C; Concentration: 185 ppm for 96 hr

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

n-Butyl acetate's production and use in the manufacturing of lacquers, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics, safety glass and as a solvent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. n-Butyl acetate occurs naturally in many fruits and plants and may be released into the environment as a plant volatile. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates n-butyl acetate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butyl acetate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.2 days. n-Butyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, n-butyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 19. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. n-Butyl acetate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Using a standard BOD dilution technique and a sewage inoculum, theoretical BODs of 56% to 86% were observed during 5 and 20 day incubation periods, which suggests that n-butyl acetate may biodegrade in soil. If released into water, n-butyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. 5-Day theoretical BOD values of 20.9%, 56.8% and 51.8% were measured for n-butyl acetate in river water, distilled water and seawater, respectively, indicating biodegradation in water may be an important fate process. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6.5 hours and 5.3 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 7 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis may be an important environmental fate for this compound based upon experimentally determined hydrolysis half-lives of 2 yrs and 78 days at pH 7 and 8, respectively. Occupational exposure to n-butyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butyl acetate is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butyl acetate via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, smoking cigarettes and use of consumer products containing this compound. (SRC)

n-Butyl acetate occurs naturally in many fruits and plants(1,2) and may be released into the environment as a plant volatile(1). n-Butyl acetate occurs especially in some varieties of apples and in bananas(3).

n-Butyl acetate's production and use in the manufacturing of lacquer, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics and safety glass and as an organic solvent(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 19(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-butyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of n-butyl acetate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(3). n-Butyl acetate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Using a standard BOD dilution technique and a sewage inoculum, theoretical BODs of 56% to 86% were observed during 5 and 20 day incubation periods(5), suggesting that n-butyl acetate may biodegrade in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 19(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that n-butyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6.5 hours and 5.3 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 7(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.78(6) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Hydrolysis may be an important environmental fate for this compound based upon experimentally determined hydrolysis half-lives of 2 yrs and 78 days at pH 7 and 8, respectively(2). Using river water as seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 20.9% and 55.4%, respectively, were measured(7), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-butyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3.2 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). n-Butyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Using a settled sewage seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 23.5% and 57.4% were measured for n-butyl acetate via standard dilution water tests(1). Using river water as seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 20.9% and 55.4% were measured(1). Using a filtered sewage seed, 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 58% and 83% were measured in freshwater dilution tests; 5-day and 20-day theoretical BODs of 40% and 61% were measured in salt water(2). A 5-day theoretical BOD of 56.8% and 51.8% were measured for n-butyl acetate in distilled water and seawater, respectively, using the standard dilution method(3). Using a raw sewage seed, 5, 10, 15, and 20-day theoretical BODs of 56%, 68%, 70% and 83% were observed for n-butyl acetate(4). Using OECD method 301D and Closed Bottle test measuring oxygen consumption, n-butyl acetate achieved 98% and 83% theoretical BOD in 28 days, respectively(5). A Theoretical BOD of 52% (0.15 to 0.5 Lb/Lb) in 5 days has also been reprted(6).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of n-butyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 4.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3.2 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 0.10 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 2 yrs and 78 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2). n-Butyl acetate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 7 was calculated in fish for n-butyl acetate(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.78(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of n-butyl acetate can be estimated to be 19(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that n-butyl acetate is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for n-butyl acetate is 2.81X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that n-butyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 6.5 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5.3 days(SRC). n-Butyl acetate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). n-Butyl acetate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 11.5 mm Hg(3).

GROUNDWATER: n-Butyl acetate was detected in groundwater in the Netherlands at a maximum concentration of 1 ppb(1).

DRINKING WATER: n-Butyl acetate was detected in less than 5% of finished waters using groundwater supplies based on US federal studies(1). n-Butyl acetate was qualitatively detected in finished drinking water from England(2) and Dordrecht, Germany(3).

SURFACE WATER: n-Butyl acetate was qualitatively detected in Ijssel Lake water, The Netherlands(1).

n-Butyl acetate was identified in 1 of 63 US industrial wastewater effluents at a concentration below 10 ppb(1). n-Butyl acetate was detected at a mean concentration of 5.72 ug/cu m in the effluent of a waste incinerator in Germany(2). n-Butyl acetate was identified in the effluents of waste treatment facilities in CA and Washington DC(3). UK emissions of n-butyl acetate were reported as 0.44% by mass distribution in 1990(4). Estimated yearly road traffic emissions of n-butyl acetate in Switzerland is reported as 0.007 kilotons(5). n-Butyl acetate was detected in 33 of 44 furniture emission samples(6).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: n-Butyl acetate was detected at a concentration of 3,000 ng/cu m in the air near an industrial site in Newark, NJ(1).

INDOOR AIR: n-Butyl acetate was detected at median concentrations of 2-5 ug/cu m in private homes in England(1) and at 34 and 14 ug/cu m in homes in northern Italy(2). n-Butyl acetate was identified in 69% of samples taken from 26 houses in Finland(3). The mean concentration of n-butyl acetate reported in West German houses was 6.1 ug/cu m(4). n-Butyl acetate was detected at a concentration of 549 ug/cu m in a freshly renovated building in Switzerland(5). n-Butyl acetate was found at concentrations of <0.1-2.8 ppb in new manufactured and at 0.6-14.1 ppb in site-built houses(6). Indoor air concentrations of n-butyl acetate were reported at 0.5 to 1905.8 ug/cu m during 18 days of finishing work on a newly built apartment, these values dropped to <0.1 to 9.7 ug/cu m two months later and to <0.1 to 22.4 ug/cu m nine months later(7).

RURAL/REMOTE: n-Butyl acetate was identified, not quantified, in a forest in Germany(1).

SOURCE DOMINATED: n-Butyl acetate was reported in paint mixing area of six auto-painting garages at 0.2 to 2.0 ppm(1).

n-Butyl acetate has been detected as a volatile flavor component of baked potatoes(1) and roasted filbert nuts(2). It has been identified as a naturally occurring flavor and fragrance component of apples(3). n-Butyl acetate has been identified in cheese volatiles(4), apricots and plumbs(5), dalieb fruit(6), apples(7,8), volatiles of chickpea seeds(9) and nectarines(10). n-Butyl acetate was not detected in scrambled eggs made from supermarket purchased, fresh unstored or fresh stored eggs(11).

Butyl acetate has been identified as a naturally occurring component of apples(1). Butyl acetate was reported in the skin and pulp of Queen Anne's pocket melon (Cucumis melo L) at 123.9 and 110.5 ug/kg, respectively(2). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the head space of golden delicious apples 1, 5, 8, 12, 14, 16, 19 and 22 days after harvesting at concentrations of 0.53, 1.73, 15.35, 64.97, 81.45, 78.25, 79.41 and 71.12 ug/6 L head space, respectively(3). n-Butyl acetate was detected as a volatile component of Miyabi variety of Japanese muskmelon(4).

n-Butyl acetate occurrence in plants(1).[Table#503]

n-Butyl acetate was found in Charybdis feriatus crabs at 0.9, 0.8 and 1.5 ug/kg in the leg, body and carapace, respectively(1).

n-Butyl acetate was detected in the head space of a liquid wax house product(1). n-Butyl acetate was detected in 18% of 58 organic thinner products with an arithmetic mean of 16.8 and was not detected in degreasers or other miscellaneous organic solvent products collected nationwide in Japan(2). n-Butyl acetate was identified, not quantified, in the emissions of textile floor coverings(3) and printing inks(4). n-Butyl acetate was detected in printers ink for serigraphy on paper, paper boards, electric and electronic article(5). n-Butyl acetate was emitted from three day old floor coverings at rates of 5 and 1 ug/sq m-hr for oiled parquet and waxed parquet, respectively(6). These rates remained the same after 28 days(6). n-Butyl acetate was detected in 33 of 44 furniture emission samples(7). n-Butyl acetate was detected but not quantified in the emissions of kitchen waste exudate(8), waste exudate and head space in laboratory waste(9). n-Butyl acetate was detected in solfataric fields near Mendeleev, Golovnin and Tyatya volcanos(10). n-Butyl acetate is a component of tobacco and tobacco smoke(11).

According to the 2016 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 53 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of methyl isobutyl ketone in the United States may be as low as 100 workers and as high as 10,000 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 822,099 workers (143,606 of these were female) were potentially exposed to n-butyl acetate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to n-butyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where n-butyl acetate is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to n-butyl acetate via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, smoking cigarettes and use of consumer products containing this compound(SRC).

The average TWA (time-weighted average) of n-butyl acetate detected in worker breathing zones of 3 companies using spray painting and gluing was 0.8 ppm; the highest single concentration was 6.8 ppm(1). The TWA of n-butyl acetate in workrooms of screen printing shops was in the range of 0.02-0.79 mg/cu m and the TWA of n-butyl acetate in houses above these shops were in the range of 0.08-0.14 mg/cu m(2). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the breathing zones of a microelectronics fabrication plant at concentrations of <0.3 ppb(3). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the breathing zone of a paint manufacturing plant at an average concentration of 5.07 ppm(4). n-Butyl acetate was reported in personal air samples of painters in six auto-painting garages at 0.3 to 1.0 ppm(5). n-Butyl acetate was identified in the breathing zones of silk screen printing shops at an average concentration of 2.8 mg/cu m(6). n-Butyl acetate was detected in the breathing zone of 57 of 70 artificial nail technicians at concentrations of 0.001 to 0.42 ppm(7). n-Butyl acetate was reported at <1 to 22 ppm during parquet work (installation with dispersion adhesives, puttying, sanding after puttying, undercoat varnishing and urea-formaldehyde varnishing)(8). Personal air samples taken while spraying primer on airplanes in three different hangers averaged 1.29, 1.79 and 2.08 ppm; while spraying surface paint averages were 4.03, 3.55 and 4.63 ppm for n-butyl acetate(9). In 46 painting workshops located in Sidney, Australia, n-butyl acetate was detected in 7 of 70 personal air samples at 2 to 23 mg/cu m(10).

n-Butyl acetate was detected in the expired breath of 3 of 8 human subjects at an expiration rate of 8.7-41.0 ug/hr(1). n-Butyl acetate was detected in 31 % of 387 expired air samples collected from 54 human volunteers at a mean concentration of 0.2 ng/L(2).

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

/GUIDE 129 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Butyl acetates/

/GUIDE 129 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Butyl acetates/

/GUIDE 129 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Butyl acetates/

/GUIDE 129 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Butyl acetates/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for n-Butyl acetate (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1123; Butyl acetates

IMO 3; Butyl acetates

49 091 28; Butyl acetate

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Butyl acetates is included on the dangerous goods list. /Butyl acetates/

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Butyl acetates is included on the dangerous goods list. /Butyl acetates/

Flammable Liquid

R: 10-66-67; S: (2)-25; Note: 6

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: II