Cadmium selenide

H301+H331 (32.5%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H301 (98.1%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (46.4%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H331 (96.9%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H350 (12.4%): May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

H372 (16.1%): Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H373 (98.5%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H400 (99.4%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (99.4%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 323 reports by companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

H361fd: Suspected of damaging fertility; Suspected of damaging the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P318, P319, P330, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Cd in urine = 5 ug/g creatinine; Cd in blood = 5 ug/L; sampling time not critical; Monitoring in blood should be preferred during the initial year of exposure and whenever changes in the degree of exposure are suspected. [ACGIH]

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

0.02 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction, as Se[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

0.005 [mg/m3], as Cd( see 29 CFR 1910.1027) 0.2 mg/m3, as Se

9.0 [mg/m3], as Cd

0.01 [mg/m3], as Cd ( 0.002 mg/m3, as Cd, respirable fraction) 0.2 mg/m3, as Se

Acute Inhalation: 0.00003 mg/m3 (Cadmium) (L134)

Chronic Inhalation: 0.00001 mg/m3 (Cadmium) (L134)

Intermediate Oral: 0.0005 mg/kg/day (Cadmium) (L134)

Chronic Oral: 0.0001 mg/kg/day (Cadmium) (L134)

Chronic Oral: 0.005 mg/kg/day (Selenium) (L134)

Dry Powder

White to brown solid; Turns red in sunlight; [Merck Index] Red or black odorless powder; Insoluble in water; [MSDSonline]

valence band parameter

thermal expansion coefficient

phonon wavenumber

biexcitons

emission peak

scattering cross-section

electron density of states

nuclear power

dielectric constant

pseudobinary system

pyroelectric constant

crystal structure

valence band edge energy

capture coefficient

radiative rate

Debye frequency

dielectricity

diffusion

Henry coefficient

polarization degree

piezooptic effect

enthalpy

radiation

differential transmission spectrum

electron-phonon interaction

effective mass

isothermal section

second-order nonlinear coefficient

Gibbs energy

molecular beam epitaxy

phase equilibrium

oscillator strength

phonon energy

positional coordinate

carrier depletion

modification

thermoelectric power

paraelectricity

Cadmium initially binds to metallothionein and is transported to the kidney. Toxic effects are observed once the concentration of cadmium exceeds that of available metallothionein, and it has also been shown that the cadmium-metallothionein complex may be damaging. Accumulation of cadmium in the kidney results in increased excretion of vital low and high weight molecular proteins. Cadmium is a high affinity zinc analog and can interfere in its biological processes. It also binds to and activates the estrogen receptor, likely stimulating the growth of certain types of cancer cells and causing other estrogenic effects, such as reproductive dysfunction. Cadmium causes cell apoptosis by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases. Selenium readily substitutes for sulfur in biomolecules and in many biochemical reactions, especially when the concentration of selenium is high and the concentration of sulfur is low. Inactivation of the sulfhydryl enzymes necessary for oxidative reactions in cellular respiration, through effects on mitochondrial and microsomal electron transport, might contribute to acute selenium toxicity. Selenomethionine (a common organic selenium compound) also appears to randomly substitute for methionine in protein synthesis. This substitution may affect the structure and functionability of the protein, for example, by altering disulfide bridges. Inorganic forms of selenium appear to react with tissue thiols by redox catalysis, resulting in formation of reactive oxygen species and causing damage by oxidative stress. (L619, L8, A18, A19, A28)

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Chronic exposure to cadmium fumes can cause chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, and lung diseases such as bronchitis and emphysema. Cadmium also accumulates in the kidneys, causing permanent damage. Loss of bone density also occurs. Chronic oral exposure to high concentrations of selenium compounds can produce a disease called selenosis. The major signs of selenosis are hair loss, nail brittleness, and neurological abnormalities (such as numbness and other odd sensations in the extremities). Animal studies have shown that selenium may also affect sperm production and the female reproductive cycle. (L619, L6)

Oral (L6) ; inhalation (L6) ; dermal (L6)

Acute inhalation of cadmium fumes results in metal fume fever, which is characterized by chills, fever, headache, weakness, dryness of the nose and throat, chest pain, and coughing. Ingestion of cadmium causes vomiting and diarrhea. Short-term oral exposure to high concentrations of selenium may cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Brief exposures to high levels of elemental selenium or selenium dioxide in air can result in respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, difficulty breathing, and stomach pains. Longer-term exposure to either of these air-borne forms can cause respiratory irritation, bronchial spasms, and coughing. (L619, L6)

Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.

Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.

Cadmium poisoning is treated by removal from exposure and supportive care. If ingested, induced vomiting or gastric lavage may be performed. (L139)