Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 7.4% (26 of 349) of reports.

H242 (90%): Heating may cause a fire [Danger Self-reactive substances and mixtures; Organic peroxides]

H302+H332 (29.8%): Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H302 (92.6%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (91.4%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (77.7%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (30.4%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (29.8%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P234, P235, P240, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410, P411, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 349 reports by companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 26 of 349 reports by companies.

There are 11 notifications provided by 323 of 349 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H242 (100%): Heating may cause a fire [Danger Self-reactive substances and mixtures; Organic peroxides]

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (100%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (100%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P234, P235, P240, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403, P405, P410, P411, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 8 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]

H241: Heating may cause a fire or explosion [Danger Self-reactive substances and mixtures; Organic peroxides]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P210, P234, P235, P240, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P370+P380+P375[+P378], P403, P403+P233, P405, P410, P411, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H313: May be harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P234, P235, P240, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P317, P302+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P362+P364, P370+P380+P375[+P378], P403, P403+P233, P405, P410, P411, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

P203, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water wash immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and wash the skin with water. If symptoms occur after washing, get medical attention immediately.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 145 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive)]:

SMALL FIRE: Water spray or fog is preferred; if water not available use dry chemical, CO2 or regular foam.

LARGE FIRE: Flood fire area with water from a distance. Use water spray or fog; avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. Do not move cargo or vehicle if cargo has been exposed to heat. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, powder, carbon dioxide, dry sand, foam. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

In case of fire, water should be applied by the sprinkler system or by hose from a safe distance, preferably with a fog nozzle. Foam may be necessary instead if the peroxide is diluted in a low density flammable solvent. Portable extinguishers should not be used except for very small fires. Peroxides threatened by fire should be wetted from a safe distance for cooling. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 145 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial evacuation for at least 250 meters (800 feet) in all directions.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable plastic containers as far as possible. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents.

Spills should be cleaned up promptly using non-sparking tools and an inert, moist diluent such as vermiculite or sand. Sweepings may be placed in open containers or polyethylene bags and the area washed with water and detergent. Spilled, contaminated, waste or questionable peroxides should be destroyed. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

Most peroxides can be hydrolyzed by adding them slowly with stirring to about ten times their weight of cold 10% sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction may require several hours. /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

Dilute and drain into the sewer with abundant water. /Hydrogen peroxide/

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U160, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 145 [Organic Peroxides (Heat and Contamination Sensitive)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Keep substance wet using water spray. Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

SMALL SPILL: Pick up with inert, damp, non-combustible material using clean, non-sparking tools and place into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

LARGE SPILL: Wet down with water and dike for later disposal. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST. (ERG, 2024)

Store only if stabilized. Well closed. See Chemical Dangers.

0.14 [mg/m3]

1.5 [mg/m3]

160 [mg/m3]

0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m³)

C 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3)

none See Appendix G

See: IDLH INDEX

0.2 [ppm]

Ceiling limit: 0.2 ppm

0.2 ppm as STEL

0.2 ppm [1992]

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.

Provide:

• EYEWASH - Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

• QUICK DRENCH - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2024)

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ... COMPRISES SAFETY GOGGLES, APRONS OF NON-INFLAMMABLE MATERIAL OR RUBBER (& NOT PLASTIC, WHICH MAY PRODUCE STATIC ELECTRICITY). RUBBER BOOTS SHOULD BE WORN OVER LEATHER FOOTWEAR. ALL THIS EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE CAREFULLY CLEANED & AIRED AFTER POSSIBLE CONTAMINATION. /PEROXIDES/

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for 2-BUTANONE PEROXIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Important additional information about respirator selection

NO open flames. NO contact with acids, bases, reducing agents or hot surfaces.

STRICT HYGIENE! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide is a colorless liquid. Strong irritant to skin and tissue. Used as an initiator for room temperature cure of unsaturated polyester resins.

Liquid; CBI

Colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. [Note: Explosive decomposition occurs at 230 degrees F.]; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless liquid with a characteristic odor.

Colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. [Note: Explosive decomposition occurs at 230 °F.]

Colorless liquid

Colorless liquid [Note: Explosive decomposition occurs at 230 degrees F].

Typical odor-resembles that of acetone.

Fragrant, mint-like, moderately sharp odor

244 °F at 760 mmHg (Decomposes) (NIOSH, 2024)

244 °F (decomposes)

19 °C @760 [mm Hg]

244 °F (Decomposes)

180 °F (NTP, 1992)

125-200 °F for 60% MEKP (open cup)

(oc) 125-200 °F (60% MEKP)

1 to 5 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)

Partially miscible in water; completely miscible with most organic solvents

Solubility in water: very poor

1.17 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

Relative density (water = 1): 1.10-1.17

(59 °F): 1.12

Component 2 (83.33%: LACTOSE): 6.69 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air)

less than 0.01 mmHg at 68 °F Component 2 (83.33%: LACTOSE) (NTP, 1992)

UNSTABLE AGENT WHICH LIKE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE RELEASES OXYGEN.

1032 °F Component 2 (83.33%: LACTOSE) (NTP, 1992)

Strong oxidizing agent

Has a 10 hour half-life at 105 °C

Molecular weights for the monomer, dimers, and trimers are 122.12, 210.22, and 298.34, respectively

Other Classes -> Peroxides, Organic

Flammable agents - 2nd degree

Reactive agents - 4th degree

FCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFR

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Peroxides, Organic

Acetals, Ketals, Hemiacetals, and Hemiketals

Explosive

Strong Oxidizing Agent

METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE is a strong oxidizing agent. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flame and undergoes self-accelerating decomposition. Explosive decomposition occurs at 230 °F. Sensitive to sunlight. Ignition and/or explosion may occur if mixed with readily oxidizable materials. Reacts with combustible materials such as wood, cloth or organic materials, with chlorine, and with metals (iron, copper and their alloys and aluminum and its alloys). Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, natural rubbers, synthetic rubbers and chemical accelerators. Incompatible with heavy metals, acids and bases.

Vigorous decomp can be stimulated by even trace amt of a wide variety of contaminants, such as strong acids, bases, metals, metal alloys and salts, sulfur cmpd, amines, accelerators or reducing agents. This is particularly true of methyl ethyl ketone and benzoyl peroxides, which are intentionally stimulated to decomp @ room temp using small amt of accelerators.

Organic materials, heat, flames, sunlight, trace contaminants [Note: A strong oxidizing agent. Pure MEKP is shock sensitive. Commercial product is diluted with 40% dimethyl phthalate, cyclohexane peroxide, or daily phthalate to reduce sensitivity shock].

Organic materials, heat, flames, sunlight, trace contaminants [Note: A strong oxidizing agent. Pure MEKP is shock sensitive. Commercial product is diluted with 40% dimethyl phthalate, cyclohexane peroxide, or diallyl phthalate to reduce sensitivity to shock.]

MEPK toxicity could occur through lipid peroxidation. (L1789)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

MEKP is highly irritating and corrosive to skin and mucous membranes. A number of cases in which people accidentally or deliberately ingested MEKP solutions, occasionally with fatal results, have been reported. (L1789)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Oral (L1789) ; inhalation (L1789) ; dermal (L1789)

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

Abdominal pain. Burning sensation in the throat and chest. Shock or collapse.

irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), pulmonary edema; blurred vision; blisters, scars skin; abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea; dermatitis; In Animals: liver, kidney damage

Symptoms of acute MEKP poisoning by ingestion have included gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal bums, necrosis, perforation of the stomach, stricture of the esophagus, severe metabolic acidosis, rapid hepatic failure, rhabdomyolysis, and respiratory insufficiency. Temporary cardiac arrest and toxic myocarditis have also been reported. (L1789)

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

LC50 (rat) = 200 ppm/4H

LD50: 65 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (L1789)

LD50: 484 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L1789)

LC50: 200 mg/kg (Inhalation, Rat) (L1789)

LC50: 170 mg/kg (Inhalation, Mouse) (L1789)

LD50 Rat oral 6.86 ml/kg

LC50 Mouse /inhalation/ 170 ppm/4 hr

LC50 Rat /inhalation/ 200 ppm/4 hr

LD50 Rat ip 65 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral gavage 484 mg/kg

Vitamin E, selenium, vitamin C, & methionine were admin to rats in various combinations by diet & ip injections to rank the individual & combined protective ability of the biological antioxidants at minimum daily requirement levels & at pharmacological levels against lipid peroxidation initiated by 50 mg methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP)/kg. In vivo lipid peroxidation was monitored throughout a 3 hr period by measuring pentane expired in the breath. Rats fed 30 IU DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate/mg diet significantly decreased pentane production at 20 min by 88% compared to rats fed a vitamin E- & selenium-deficient diet. Rats given 5 ip injections of 180 IU DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate/kg further reduced expired pentane by 83% beyond the protection afforded by dietary vitamin E. Neither additive nor synergistic protection was found when other antioxidants were given in combination with vitamin E. Vitamin E was primary protective antioxidant. Pentane expired by individual rats from various treatment groups strongly correlated with the plasma vitamin E status.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 0, 3, 5 or 10 IU of DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate per kg of diet for 12 wk. After 11 weeks they were injected with 3.3 mg of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP)/kg body wt & after 12 wk with 13 mg methyl ethyl ketone peroxide/kg body wt 3-4 hr before decapitation. In the absence of vitamin E, rat brain DNA was significantly damaged by the formation of DNA-protein crosslinks & interstrand DNA crosslinks. Adequate dietary vitamin E protected against this damage. 10 IU/kg was the adequate dose.

In vivo, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide damaged microsomal cytochrome p450 and chytochrome p450 mediated peroxidase in vitamin E-deficient rat liver. Dietary vitamin E treatment of rats protected the microsomal enzymes from peroxide damage. In vivo, adequate levels of vitamin E and of NADH and NADPH are probably necessary to provide important protection to the endoplasmic reticulum during metabolism of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.

The tumor promoting effect of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and the influence of diethyl maleate on this effect, with ultraviolet radiation as the tumor initiator, was studied in hairless albino mutant mice. Four groups of 24 animals were irradiated with ultraviolet light at a daily dose of 2,054 Joules/sq m, 5 days per week. Three weeks after completion of irradiation, the animals received skin applications twice weekly for 25 weeks of either 1 microgram per microliter diethyl maleate in acetone, acetone alone followed by 0.5 microgram per microliter methyl ethyl ketone peroxide in dibutyl phthalate, or dibutyl phthalate alone. Other groups of animals were treated with chemicals without ultraviolet light pretreatment. The animals were killed after 46 weeks and examined for tumors. The great majority of animals with tumors were in the irradiated groups. The highest tumor yield occurred in mice exposed to both dibutyl phthalate and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide after untraviolet light. Dibutyl maleate alone had no measureable effect on the development of tumors. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide produced an increase in tumor prevalence, but the effect was less marked than in the combined presence of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and diethyl maleate.

Peroxides should be washed promptly from the skin to prevent irritation. In the case of eye contact, the eyes should be flushed immediately with large amounts of water, and medical attention should be obtained. ... Medical attention should also be obtained in case of accidental ingestion. ... /Peroxides, Organic and Inorganic/

CONCN SOLN ARE CORROSIVE TO SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANE.

ALL ... /PEROXIDE CATALYSTS/ ARE DANGEROUS TO SKIN & IN PARTICULAR TO MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF EYE ... LIQ PEROXIDES CAN BE ABSORBED BY SKIN, PARTICULARLY METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE, WHICH CAN CAUSE CERTAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS (HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA).

13 CASES OF ACUTE POISONING WITH KETONOX WERE DESCRIBED. THE EFFECTS OF POISON RESEMBLED THOSE OBSERVED AFTER POISONING WITH LYES OR ACIDS, WITH VOMITING & GASTRIC MUCOSA DAMAGE INCLUDING NECROSIS. THE TOXIC ORAL DOSE WAS BETWEEN 50 & 100 ML.

... Severe eye hazard.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 2-BUTANONE PEROXIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide ... /was/ tested by applying two drops of 40% solution in dimethyl phthalate to rabbit eyes, and ... found to cause severe damage, graded 6 on a scale of 0 to 7. (The solvent was not significantly injurious.) At 3% a moderate reaction occurred lasting for two days, followed by rapid improvement. Washing the eyes with water within four seconds after application prevented injury of the eye in all cases.

On repeated thrice weekly dosing of rats for 7 wk ip and by mouth at one-fifth the LD50, marked evidence of cumulative effect was observed; 2 of 5 rats died from the ip admin, all 5 died by the oral route... Hyperemia of the lungs with petechiae and gross hemorrhages were common and only findings in the lung of rats exposed for 4 hr to methyl ethyl ketone peroxide vapor. In the liver, occasional damage consisting of fatty changes in cells in the central portion of the lobule and incr in number of round cells in the portal spaces; in the kidney, a granula precipitate or cast in the lumina of the convuluted tubules and desquamation of the epithelium of the proximal tubules.

Embryotoxicity studies were conducted in 3 day old chicken embryos using the air chamber method. The potencies were expressed by the ED50 for the total embryotoxic effect of the chemicals, including deaths & malformations, up to day 14 of the incubation. All nine peroxides including methyl ethyl ketone peroxide caused malformations at a moderate frequency.

In vitro damage by methyl ethyl ketone peroxide to cytochrome p450 and its associated enzymatic activity was studied. The extent of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide inhibition was different for tetramethylphenylenediamine-peroxidase, NADH-peroxidase, and aminopyrine demethylase. In vitro addition of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide induced production of more thiobarbituric acid reacting substances in liver microsomes from vitamin E deficient rats than from vitamin E supplemented rats. When NADH and/or NADPH were supplied as reductants of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, the inhibition of aminopyrine demethylase activity and the generation of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances by added methyl ethyl ketone peroxide were markedly reduced.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 2-BUTANONE PEROXIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=1338-23-4]

Individuals with eye, skin, and chronic respiratory diseases /may be/ at an increased risk. /Hydrogen peroxide/

2-Butanone peroxide's use in the production of unsaturated polyester resin crosslinking agents, and also its use as a curing agent with polyester resins for adhesives, plastics, lacquers, and fiber glass resin kits for boat and automobile body repair, may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture dimers (50%), trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds. If released to air, estimated vapor pressures ranging between 1.4X10-3 and 2X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C indicate 2-butanone peroxide will exist solely in the vapor-phase. Vapor-phase 2-butanone peroxide will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-lives for this reaction in air are estimated to range between 1.5 and 2 days. 2-Butanone peroxide may react with organic materials in water or soil since it is a strong oxidizing agent. If released to soil, 2-butanone peroxide's mobility is expected to range from very high, to essentially immobile based upon an estimated Koc range of 10 to 11,000. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant range of 1X10-10 to2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole. If released into water, some portions of the 2-butanone peroxide mixture are expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the higher values of the estimated Koc range. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's range of estimated Henry's Law constants. An estimated BCF of 13 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to occur due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups. Occupational exposure to 2-butanone peroxide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-butanone peroxide is produced or used. Consumer exposure may occur during the use of fiber glass resin kits for boat and automobile repair. (SRC)

2-Butanone peroxide's use in the production of unsaturated polyester resin crosslinking agents, and also its use as a curing agent with polyester resins for adhesives, plastics, lacquers, and fiber glass resin kits for boat and automobile body repair, may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture dimers (50%), trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds. If released to air, estimated vapor pressures ranging between 1.4X10-3 and 2X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C indicate 2-butanone peroxide will exist solely in the vapor-phase. Vapor-phase 2-butanone peroxide will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-lives for this reaction in air are estimated to range between 1.5 and 2 days. 2-Butanone peroxide may react with organic materials in water or soil since it is a strong oxidizing agent. If released to soil, 2-butanone peroxide's mobility is expected to range from very high, to essentially immobile based upon an estimated Koc range of 10 to 11,000. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant range of 1X10-10 to2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole. If released into water, some portions of the 2-butanone peroxide mixture are expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the higher values of the estimated Koc range. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's range of estimated Henry's Law constants. An estimated BCF of 13 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to occur due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups. Occupational exposure to 2-butanone peroxide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-butanone peroxide is produced or used. Consumer exposure may occur during the use of fiber glass resin kits for boat and automobile repair. (SRC)

2-Butanone peroxide's use in the production of unsaturated polyester resin crosslinking agents(1), and also its use as a curing agent with polyester resins for adhesives, plastics, lacquers, and fiber glass resin kits for boat and automobile body repair(2), may result in consumer exposure and its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 2-Butanone has been qualitatively detected in ambient air samples collected in the vicinity of a fiberglassing plant(3), which suggests that the compound can be emitted to the atmosphere at sites where it is produced or used in the production of polymers(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: 2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture of dimers (50%), and trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds(5). Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc range of 10 to 11,000(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-butanone peroxide's mobility in soil is expected to range from very high, to essentially immobile based upon an estimated Koc range of 10 to 11,000(SRC). Volatilization of 2-butanone peroxide from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant range of 1X10-10 to 2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). 2-Butanone peroxide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure range of 1.4X10-3 to 2X10-3 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4).

AQUATIC FATE: 2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture dimers (50%), trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds(8). Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc range of 10 to 11,000(SRC), determined from an estimation method(2), indicates that some portions of 2-butanone peroxide mixture are not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC), other portions of the mixture are expected to adsorb strongly. 2-Butanone peroxide may react with organic materials in water expected(3) based upon estimated Henry's Law constants ranging between 1X10-10 and 2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 13(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: 2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture dimers (50%), trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds(4). According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), the 2-butanone peroxide mixture, which has estimated vapor pressures ranging between 1.4X10-3 and 2X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the vapor-phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-butanone peroxide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to range from 1.5 to 2 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant range of 9X10-12 to 11X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC)determined using a structure estimation method(3).

2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture dimers (50%), trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds(5). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-butanone peroxide with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated to range between 9X10-12 and 11X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to atmospheric half-lives of approximately 1.5 to 2 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 2-Butanone peroxide is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(2) nor to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental UV spectrum. Normal heating decomposes 2-butanone peroxide at approximately 120 °C(3). 2-Butanone peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent and contact with organic materials(4).

An estimated BCF of 13 was calculated for the 2-butanone peroxide mixture(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 2(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Chemical degradation is expected to be the dominant fate process in water because of reaction with organic matter and therefore, it is doubtful that un-reacted 2-butanone peroxide would be biologically available(SRC).

2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture dimers (50%), trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds(3). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2-butanone peroxide can be estimated to range from 10 to 11,000(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc range suggests that some portions of the 2-butanone peroxide mixture are expected to have very high mobility in soil, whereas other portions of the mixture are expected to be essentially immobile. 2-Butanone peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent(3) and may decompose when brought in contact with organic materials(SRC).

2-Butanone peroxide is a mixture dimers (50%), trimers (25%), and monomer peroxy compounds(3). The Henry's Law constant for 2-butanone peroxide is estimated as a range of 1X10-10 to 2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant range indicates that 2-butanone peroxide is expected to be essentially nonvolatile. 2-Butanone peroxide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon estimated vapor pressures ranging between 1.4X10-3 and 2X10-3 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2).

SOURCE DOMINATED: 2-Butanone peroxide has been qualitatively detected in ambient air samples collected in the vicinity of a fiberglassing plant(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 16,366 workers are potentially exposed to 2-butanone peroxide in the US(1). Analysis of 35 air samples collected in the working environments of 5 Swedish plants manufacturing reinforced plastics detected 2-butanone peroxide in 13 samples above the detection limit (0.1 mg/cu m) with a maximum concn of 72 mg/cu m(2). Occupational exposure to 2-butanone peroxide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-butanone peroxide is produced or used(SRC). Consumer exposure may occur during the use of fiber glass resin kits for boat and automobile repair(4).

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U160, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

/GUIDE 145: ORGANIC PEROXIDES (HEAT AND CONTAMINATION SENSITIVE)/ Fire or Explosion: May explode from heat or contamination. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May burn rapidly with flare-burning effect. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. /Organic peroxide type D, liquid; Organic peroxide type E, liquid/

/GUIDE 145: ORGANIC PEROXIDES (HEAT AND CONTAMINATION SENSITIVE)/ Health: Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with substance may cause severe injury or burns. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Organic peroxide type D, liquid; Organic peroxide type E, liquid/

/GUIDE 145: ORGANIC PEROXIDES (HEAT AND CONTAMINATION SENSITIVE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. /Organic peroxide type D, liquid; Organic peroxide type E, liquid/

/GUIDE 145: ORGANIC PEROXIDES (HEAT AND CONTAMINATION SENSITIVE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Organic peroxide type D, liquid; Organic peroxide type E, liquid/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 2-BUTANONE PEROXIDE (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2550; Ethyl methyl ketone peroxide(s) max concn 45% or in soln with not more than 9% by wt active oxygen.

UN 3068; Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide(s), not more than 40% in diisobutyl nylonate, with not more than 8.2% available oxygen.

UN 2563; Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide(s), 52% or less in solution, not more than 10% available oxygen.

IMO 5.2; Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide(s), 52% or less in solution, more than 10% available oxygen.

UN 2127; Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide(s), maximum concentration 60%

49 191 78; Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (in solution with not more than 9% by weight active oxygen)

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Organic Peroxide

UN Hazard Class: 5.2; UN Subsidiary Risks: 1 and 8; UN Pack Group: II