Ethyl Acrylate

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (2 of 4896) of reports.

H225 (> 99.9%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302 (99.4%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (> 99.9%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H315 (> 99.9%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (> 99.9%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H319 (> 99.9%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331 (54.7%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H332 (45.8%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (99.7%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H412 (53%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 4896 reports by companies from 61 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 2 of 4896 reports by companies.

There are 60 notifications provided by 4894 of 4896 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P273, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane (UN1261) or nitroethane (UN2842).

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Use fine spray or fog to control fire by preventing its spread and absorbing some of its heat. Solid streams of water may be ineffective or may cause frothing. Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. /Ethyl acrylate, inhibited/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid stream of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Ethyl acrylate, stabilized/

Wear full protective clothing and positive pressure self contained breathing apparatus.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame, consider evacuation of one-half (1/2) mile radius. /Ethyl acrylate, stabilized/

Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. Liquid floats on water and may travel to a source of ignition and spread fire. /Ethyl acrylate, inhibited/

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Remove all ignition sources. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in safe place (such a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear hood ductwork. Burn paper in a suitable location away from combustible material. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber. Ethyl acrylate should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U113, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. Also, a good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. Also, a good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

Ethyl Acrylate is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. /From table/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for Ethyl acrylate (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner that results in no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose of, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance procedures to confirm the efficacy of the cleaning procedures should be implemented prior to the decontaminated protective clothing being returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing (including shoes/socks) should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Clothing contaminated with liquid ethyl acrylate should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of ethyl acrylate from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the ethyl acrylate, the person performing the operation should be informed of ethyl acrylate's hazardous properties. Non-impervious clothing which becomes contaminated with liquid ethyl acrylate should be removed immediately and not reworn until the ethyl acrylate is removed from the clothing.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Ethyl acrylate (21 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Cool. Keep in the dark. Store only if stabilized.

Store in away from heat, oxidizers, and sunlight. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from any oxidizers, peroxides, or other initiators. /Ethyl acrylate, inhibited/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

The effectiveness of phenolic inhibitors is dependent on the presence of oxygen and the monomers must be stored under air rather than an inert atmosphere. Temp must be kept low to minimize formation of peroxides and other products. ... The acrylic esters may be stored in mild or stainless steel, or aluminum. /Acrylic acid & derivatives/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

315.0 [ppm]

2.0 [ppm]

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

AEGLs Status: Interim

8.3 [ppm]

36 [ppm]

240 [ppm]

Ca See Appendix A

25.0 [ppm]

25 ppm (100 mg/m³)

TWA 25 ppm (100 mg/m3) [skin] See Appendix G

300 ppm ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024)

300.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Human data: Prolonged inhalation exposures at 50 to 75 ppm produced drowsiness, headache, and nausea [Nemec and Bauer 1978].

NIOSH has recommended that ethyl acrylate be treated as a potential human carcinogen.

Ca [300 ppm]

See: 140885

5.0 [ppm]

15.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 5 ppm; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 15 ppm

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

5 ppm as TWA; 15 ppm as STEL; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen).

5 ppm [1986]

15 ppm [1986]

8.3 mg/m

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

· Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane (UN1261) or nitroethane (UN2842).

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Ethyl acrylate, stabilized appears as a clear colorless liquid with an acrid odor. Flash point 60 °F. May polymerize exothermically if heated or contaminated. If the polymerization takes place inside a container, the container may rupture violently. Auto ignition temperature 721 °F (383 °C) (NTP). Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make paints and plastics.

Liquid; Large Crystals

Colorless liquid with an acrid odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colourless mobile liquid; lachrymator/intense, harsh, fruity aroma

Colorless liquid with an acrid odor.

Colorless liquid

Clear liquid

Acrid penetrating odor

Sour, pungent, hot plastic odor

211.6 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

99.00 to 100.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

99-101 °C

99.4 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-96.2 °F (NTP, 1992)

-71.2 °C

Specific heat at -60 °C: 0.442 cal/g/deg C; MP: 20 °C at 39.2 mm Hg (polymerizes on distillation); azeotropes: 45% water = BP 81 °C; 56.8% ethanol = BP 76 °C

48 °F (NTP, 1992)

50 °F (10 °C) (open cup)

60 °F (open cup)

9 °C c.c.

10 to 50 mg/mL at 70 °F (NTP, 1992)

Slightly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide; soluble in chloroform; miscible in ethanol, ethyl ether

Soluble in alcohol and ether

2% (wt/vol) in water at 20 °C

1.5 parts by wt (of the formula wt)/100 parts by wt of water

In water, 15,000 mg/L at 25 °C (1.50 g/100 g)

15 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 1.5

Soluble in ether and oils; Slightly soluble water

Soluble (in ethanol)

0.923 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.9234 g/cu cm at 20 °C

Liquid heat capacity = 0.453 BTU/lb-F at 70 °F; Liquid thermal conductivity = 10149 BTU-in/hr-sq ft-F at 70 °C; Saturated vapor density = 0.01011 lb/cu ft at 70 °F; Ideal gas heat capacity = 0.272 BTU/lb-F at 75 °F

Bulk density: 7.6 lb/gal at 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.92

0.916-0.919

0.9234 @ 20°C

3.45 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

3.45 (Air = 1)

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Acrylates and Acrylic Acids

Polymerizable Compounds

Highly Flammable

Polymerizable

A flammable liquid, confirmed carcinogen. It can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents, peroxides,strong alkalis and polymerization initiators. [NTP] It reacts violently with chlorosulfonic acid [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1515]. When an inhibited monomer was placed in a clear glass bottle exposed to sunlight, exothermic polymerization set in and caused the bottle to burst. The use of brown glass or metal containers and increase in inhibitor concentration (to 200 ppm; tenfold) was recommended [MCA Case History No. 1759]. It may polymerize when exposed to light and it is subject to slow hydrolysis. Inhibitors do not function in the absence of air. Solutions in DMSO are stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions. [NTP].

Material will react with strong acids and alkalies. /Ethyl acrylate, inhibited/

Oxidizers, peroxides, polymerizers, strong alkalis, moisture, chlorosulfonic acid [Note: Polymerizes readily unless an inhibitor such as hydroquinone is added].

... Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.

Oxidizers, peroxides, polymerizers, strong alkalis, moisture, chlorosulfonic acid [Note: Polymerizes readily unless an inhibitor such as hydroquinone is added.]

Ethyl acrylate causes gastric lesions depending upon upon the rate of chemical delivery to stomach tissue as a result of interaction of the parent molecule or metabolites (other than hydrolysis products), with subcellular sites in stomach tissue (A2451).

NTP delisted ethyl acrylate as a suspected human carcinogen because the forestomach tumors in rats and mice appeared to arise from local tissue irritation and ulceration, rather than from a systemic toxicity, and occurred only at oral doses unlikely to be achieved by chronic human exposure. Ethyl acrylate remains an OSHA Select Carcinogen, due to its evaluation (Group 2B) by the IARC.

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

Evaluation: No epidimiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of ethyl acrylate were available. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of ethyl acrylate. Overall evaluation: Ethyl acrylate is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).

Ethyl Acrylate: is delisted as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

Ethyl acrylate

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 39: (1986) Some Chemicals Used in Plastics and Elastomers

Volume Sup 7: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42, 1987; 440 pages; ISBN 92-832-1411-0 (out of print)

Volume 71: (1999) Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3)

Volume 122: (2019) Isobutyl Nitrite, β-Picoline, and Some Acrylates

TR-259: Carcinogenesis Studies of Ethyl Acrylate (CASRN 140-88-5) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies) (1986 )

02/28/83

Clear Evidence

Under the conditions of these studies, ethyl acrylate was carcinogenic for the forestomach of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice, causing squamous cell carcinomas in male rats and male mice, squamous cell papillomas in male and female rats and male mice, and squamous cell papillomas or carcinomas (combined) in male and female rats and mice. Evidence for carcinogenicity was greater in males than in females. Ethyl acrylate also caused irritation of the forestomach mucosa in male and female rats and mice.

2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Thickened forestomach mucosa, forestomach inflammation and lesions, and abdominal adhesions; swelling of renal tubules and the liver, minor lesions on the liver and lung, and increased kidney weight may result from poisoning (L1242).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Inhalation (T21) ; oral (T21) ; dermal (T21) ; eye contact (T21).

Burning sensation. Cough. Shortness of breath. Sore throat.

Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision.

Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting.

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Lethargy and convulsions may occur if vapors are inhaled in high concentrations. Ethyl acrylate is irritating to the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory system. Prolonged exposure may produce drowsiness, headache and nausea . Iching of the skin and the face can also occur (T63, T21).

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

[in animals: tumors of the forestomach]

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 3: Chemicals are not classifiable by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.

Ethyl Acrylate

5 x 10^-3 mg/kg-day

8 x 10^-3 mg/m^3

PDF Document

Suggestive evidence of carcinogenic potential

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow, age 32 days, length 18.7 mm, weight 0.095 g); Conditions: freshwater, flow through, 25.3 °C, pH 7.5, hardness 46.9 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 39.7 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 6.8 mg/L; Concentration: 2500 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 2310-2700 ug/L) /99% purity/

Bacteria: Pseudomonas putida: inhibition of cell multiplication starts at 270 mg/L

Algae: Microcystis aeruginosa: inhibition of cell multiplication starts at 14 mg/L

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ ... Toxicity tests were conducted using freshwater and marine fish, invertebrates, and algae. Acrylic acid effect concentrations for fish and invertebrates ranged from 27 to 236 mg/l. Effect concentrations (LC50 or EC50) for fish and invertebrates using methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate ranged from 1.1 to 8.2 mg/lL The chronic MATC for acrylic acid with Daphnia magna was 27 mg/L based on length and young produced per adult reproduction day and for ethyl acrylate was 0.29 mg/L based on both the reproductive and growth endpoints... Overall these studies show that acrylic acid and the acrylic esters studied can rapidly biodegrade, have a low potential for persistence or bioaccumulation in the environment, and have low to moderate toxicity.

4.70e+01

2.10e+02

8.30e+00

3.50e+01

1.40e+01

2.00e+00

3.20e-03

5.00e-03

8.00e-03

Volatile

2.50e+03

1.40e+02

6.40e+02

2.50e+01

1.10e+02

4.30e+01

The substance is toxic to aquatic organisms.

Ethyl acrylate's production and use in the manufacture of emulsion polymers used in surface coatings, textile, paper, polishes, and leather, in solution polymers for surface coatings, and in acrylic fibers may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 38.6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates ethyl acrylate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethyl acrylate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.5 days. Reaction with ozone is expected to be an important removal process of atmospheric ethyl acrylate; the half-life for this reaction is estimated to be 2 days. Ethyl acrylate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, ethyl acrylate is expected to have very high to high mobility based upon a Koc range of 4-85. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. Ethyl acrylate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 52% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 2 weeks indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil and water. If released into water, ethyl acrylate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the Koc values. Five day BODs for ethyl acrylate were 28, 66 and 11% in nonacclimated fresh dilution water, acclimated fresh dilution water and nonacclimated salt dilution water. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 5 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Ethyl acrylate has hydrolysis half-lives of 3 years, 103 days, and 2.5 hours at pH values of 7, 8 and 11, respectively. Occupational exposure to ethyl acrylate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethyl acrylate is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to ethyl acrylate via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of certain foods, and dermal contact with this compound or other products containing ethyl acrylate. (SRC)

Ethyl acrylate's production and use in the manufacture water emulsion paint vehicles and in the production of emulsion-based polymers used in textile and paper coatings, leather finish resins and adhesives(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc range of 4-85(2) indicates that ethyl acrylate is expected to have very high to high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of ethyl acrylate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 38.6 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 1.5X10+4 mg/L(4). Ethyl acrylate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 52% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 2 weeks(5) indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc range of 4-85(2) indicates that ethyl acrylate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 38.6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 1.5X+4 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.32(7) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 7.8X10-2 L/mol-sec was determined at approximately 25 °C for ethyl acrylate(9); this corresponds to half-lives of 3 years, 103 days, and 2.5 hours at pH values of 7, 8 and 11, respectively(SRC). Ethyl acrylate readily biodegrades in screening tests using sewage seed both in fresh and salt water(10); it reached 52% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum(11).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), ethyl acrylate, which has a vapor pressure of 38.6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethyl acrylate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.5 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.6X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). A major removal process of ethyl acrylate from the atmosphere is reaction with ozone; major transformation products include glyoxylic acid, ethyl glyoxylate, ethyl formate and epoxides(4). The rate constant for the reaction of ethyl acrylate with ozone is 5.7X10-18 cu cm/molc-sec, corresponding to a half-life of 2 days(5). Ethyl acrylate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(5).

AEROBIC: Ethyl acrylate readily biodegrades in screening tests using sewage seed both in fresh and salt water(1). The percent of theoretical BOD is 28 and 11%, respectively, after 5 days; after acclimation, the BOD after 5 days increased to 66% of theoretical(1). Ethyl acrylate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 52% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(2). In three separate Zahn-Wellens tests, 60, 100, and >60% total organic carbon was removed in 3 hours, 7 days, and 11 days, respectively(3). Five day BOD for ethyl acrylate were 28, 66 and 11% in nonacclimated fresh dilution water, acclimated fresh dilution water and nonacclimated salt dilution water(3). The BOD5/COD ratio for ethyl acrylate was determined to be 0.77, which is indicative of significant potential for biodegradability(4).

ANAEROBIC: After 110 days of acclimation, ethyl acrylate was degraded in an anaerobic reactor employing acetate-enriched cultures and a 2-10 day hydraulic retention time with 95% utilization(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ethyl acrylate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 1.6X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1.5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Another major removal process of ethyl acrylate from the atmosphere is reaction with ozone; major transformation products include glyoxylic acid, ethyl glyoxylate, ethyl formate and epoxides(2). The rate constant for the reaction of ethyl acrylate with ozone was determined to be 5.7X10-18 cu cm/molecule-sec, corresponding to a half-life of 2 days(3). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 7.8X10-2 L/mol-sec was determined at approximately 25 °C for ethyl acrylate(4); this corresponds to half-lives of 3 years, 103 days, and 2.5 hours at pH values of 7, 8 and 11, respectively(SRC). Ethyl acrylate is not expected to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental UV spectrum(4).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for ethyl acrylate(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.32(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Koc values for ethyl acrylate have been reported as 4 in Washington clay/loam (29% sand, 42% silt, 29% clay, 3.39% organic carbon, pH 6.0), 23 in Canfield loam (45% sand, 42% silt, 13% clay, 4.58% organic carbon, pH 6.1), 40 in Ellsworth loam (35% sand, 40% silt, 25% clay, 1.42% organic carbon, pH 7.2), 85 in Tyner loamy sand (79% sand, 14% silt, 7% clay, 0.46% organic carbon, pH 5.2), and 81 in sandy loam sediment (53% sand, 28% silt, 19% clay, 1.23% organic carbon, pH 7.5)(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these Koc values suggest that ethyl acrylate is expected to have very high to high mobility in soil. Ethyl acrylate is highly soluble in water and, therefore, is not expected to partition to sediments(1).

The Henry's Law constant for ethyl acrylate is estimated as 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 38.6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 1.5X10+4 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that ethyl acrylate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 6 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 5 days(SRC). The potential for volatilization of ethyl acrylate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

In a comprehensive survey of wastewater from 4000 industrial and publicly owned treatment works sponsored by the Effluent Guidelines Division of the U.S. EPA, ethyl acrylate was identified in discharges of the following industrial category (frequency of occurrence; median concentration in ppb): paint and ink (6; 27.3), publicly owned treatment works (2; 79.9), unspecified (1; 846.7)(1). Ethyl acrylate was found in stack emissions from a company involved in painting and printing in Japan(2). A plastic material (Acronal 80D) used in building constructions in the U.S.S.R. emitted ethyl acrylate(3). The following industrial categories have been identified as sources of emission of ethyl acrylate in a screening of toxic air pollutants: plastics materials and resins, medicinals and botanicals, pharmaceutical preparations, paints and allied products, industrial organic chemicals, industrial furnaces and ovens, petroleum bulk stations and terminals, and nonresidential building operations; no quantitative data were reported(4). In the US, ethyl acrylate is released into municipal wastewater treatment plants at 0.24 ug/L from water based paints and 5.2 ng/L from consumer floor polishes(5).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: In a survey conducted at various sites across the United States, ethyl acrylate was detected in the ambient air of 8 samples collected from 1 unspecified location, concentration not reported(1). Ethyl acrylate concentrations at two urban locations in Lima, OH, sampled 1990-1991 were <0.83 ug/cu m(2).

INDOOR: Ethyl acrylate was not detected in a machine shop or office (dates and locations not given)(1).

SOURCE DOMINATED: Mean time-weighted average ethyl acrylate concentrations of <1-55 ppb were detected in the breathing zone of workers near 4 polymerization reactors in a polystyrene production plant; breathing zone mean time-weighted average concentrations at the unloading dock of the same plant was 211 ppb(1). Ethyl acrylate concentrations of 0.7-21 mg/cu m were reported in the air at the unwoven fabrics division of a textile plant in Poland(2). Ethyl acrylate was reported at 3 of 10 sites at a petrochemical park in Lin-Yuan, Taiwan at concentrations of 1.9-5.4 ug/cu m(3). Ethyl acrylate was not detected up or down wind of a furniture factory in NC(4).

FOUND IN THE FRUIT OF ANANAS SATIVUS L.

Ethyl acrylate has been reported to be a volatile component of pineapple concentrate(1). Ethyl acrylate is a volatile component of Beaufort cheese, a Gruyere type cheese manufactured in a limited area of the French Alps(2).

Ethyl acrylate was not detected in fresh mussels taken from Oarai coast, Ibaraki, Japan, July 31, 1985, but was detected at 0.07 ug/g wet weight after mussels were allowed to rot(1).

Ethyl acrylate has been found as a residual monomer in polyethyl acrylate at a concn of 50 ppm and in aqueous polymer latexes used in the paper textile industries(1).

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U113, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. Also, a good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. Also, a good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

Ethyl Acrylate is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. /From table/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for Ethyl acrylate (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Ethyl acrylate, stabilized/

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Ethyl acrylate, stabilized/

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Ethyl acrylate, stabilized/

/GUIDE 129P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Ethyl acrylate, stabilized/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Ethyl acrylate (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1917 129P

1917 129P(inhibited)

UN 1917; Ethyl acrylate, stabilized[United Nations; Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations. Vol. I, 16th Revised Edition (2009). Available from, as of March 22, 2010: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/unrec/rev16/16files_e.html]

Hazard Class or Division: 3; Ethyl acrylate, stabilized[United Nations; Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations. Vol. I, 16th Revised Edition (2009). Available from, as of March 22, 2010: http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/unrec/rev16/16files_e.html]

49 072 15; Ethyl acrylate, inhibited, polymerizable

49 091 67; Ethyl acrylate, inhibited

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid

Marine pollutant.

Symbol: F, Xn; R: 11-20/21/22-36/37/38-43; S: (2)-9-16-33-36/37; Note: D

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: II