allylchloroformate

H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H301 (95.7%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (97.8%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H330 (97.8%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P320, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 46 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

INHALATION: remove from exposure; support respiration if necessary; call physician.

EYES: if irritated by either vapor or liquid, flush with water for at least 15 min.

SKIN: wash with large amounts of water for at least 15 min.

INGESTION: do NOT induce vomiting; give water; call physician. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]:

Note: Most foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases. CAUTION: For Acetyl chloride (UN1717), use CO2 or dry chemical only.

SMALL FIRE: CO2, dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. FOR CHLOROSILANES, DO NOT USE WATER; use alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray. Water may be ineffective. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame, consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile radius.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use "alcohol" foam or dry chemical dioxide. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities if combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water sprat to knock-down vapors.

Vapors are heavier than air & may travel to source of ignition & flash back.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· FOR CHLOROSILANES, use alcohol-resistant foam to reduce vapors.

· DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1722 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 100 m (300 ft)

Large spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 400 m (1250 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.3 km (0.2 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.8 km (0.5 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 1.5 km (0.9 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 2.4 km (1.5 mi)

If material not in fire and not involved in fire: Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.

Eliminate all ignition sources. Keep water away from release. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use appropriate foam to blanket release & suppress vapors. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Do not use water on material itself.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use alcohol-resistant foam to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2024)

Separate from acids, alkalies, amines, alcohols, oxidizing materials, water, & explosives. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Normally refrigerated. Outside or detached storage is preferred.

... Containers should not be exposed to direct sunlight. ... The storage temperature should be maintained below 10 °C and the product used as soon as possible.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

NR = Not recommended. Absence of an AEGL-1 value does not imply that exposure below the AEGL-2 value is without adverse effects.

AEGLs Status: Final

0.064 [ppm]

0.70 [ppm]

2.1 [ppm]

· Note: Most foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases.

CAUTION: For Acetyl chloride (UN1717), use CO2 or dry chemical only.

Small Fire

· CO2, dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· FOR CHLOROSILANES, DO NOT USE WATER; use alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

Vapor-proof protective goggles and face shield; plastic or rubber gloves, shoes and clothing; gas mask or self-contained breathing apparatus. (USCG, 1999)

Wear special protective clothing and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

Personnel protection: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. Wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Vapor-proof protective goggles & face shield; plastic or rubber gloves, shoes & clothing; gas mask or self-contained breathing apparatus.

Allyl chlorocarbonate appears as a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Flash point 88 °F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Very toxic by inhalation, ingestion and/or skin contact. Vapors are heavier than air.

Colorless liquid with pungent odor; [HSDB]

Hygroscopic liquid

Colorless liquid

Pungent odor

235 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

109.5 °C

109.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-112 °F (USCG, 1999)

Freezing point: -112 °F = -80 °C = 193 K

88 °F (USCG, 1999)

88 °F (31 °C) (Closed Cup)

Flash point: 27.8 °C (Tag open cup), 31.1 °C (Tag closed cup)

Insoluble in water

1.139 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.136 g/cu cm

1.144 @ 20°C

4.2 (Air = 1)

20.0 [mmHg]

20 mm Hg at 25 °C

23 [mm Hg] @20 °C

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /chlorine/.

0.71 mPa-s (cP) at 20 °C

Polymerization may be caused by elevated temperature, oxidizers, peroxides.

1.4 PPM.

Index of Refraction = 1.4220 at 20 °C

Ratio of specific heats of vapor (gas) 1.0804

Soluble in most organic solvents /Chloroformates/

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /chlorine/; can react with oxidizing materials

Decomposes in water to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid

For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for ALLYL CHLOROFORMATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Molecular structure

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy

Optical coefficient

Quadrupole coupling

Refractive index

Rotational excitation cross section

Vibrational mode frequency

Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Acid Halides

Corrosives

Highly flammable. Water reaction produces heat and acidic HCl. In the presence of moist air, corrosive hydrogen chloride is produced.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates

Highly Flammable

Water-Reactive

Acid halides, such as ALLYL CHLOROCARBONATE, are water reactive; some are violently reactive. They are incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines, alkali. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

Reacts with water to produce chloroformic acid & allyl alcohol.

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LC50 (rat) = 32 mg/m3

LC50 Rat inhalation 32,400 ug/cu m

LD50 rats oral 244 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse inhalation 23,000 ug/cu m

LD50 Mice oral 210 mg/kg

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic acids and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Activated charcoal is not effective ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Vapor irritates eyes and respiratory tract. Contact with liquid causes eye and skin irritation, and ingestion irritates mouth and stomach. ... Fairly severe skin irritant. May cause pain and second-degree burns after few minutes of contact.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Groups of five male and five female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 33.7, 65.0, 77.7, 134.5, 175.7, or 233.3 ppm allyl chloroformate for 1 hour, followed by a 14-day observation period. Animals were exposed in a 200 liter stainless steel dynamic flow inhalation chamber. The aerosol was generated by aspirating the allyl chloroformate through a pressure operated spray nozzle. The concentrated aerosol was then diluted with dried, filtered air and drawn into the exposure chamber. Air flow was maintained through the use of a calibrated critical orifice, and airflow was recorded at 30 minute intervals during the exposure period. The concentration of allyl chloroformate in the exposure atmosphere was determined analytically at 30 and 60 minutes via gas chromatography. Clinical signs were noted in all exposure groups and included decreased activity, body tremors, constricted pupils, diarrhea, emaciation, epistaxis, gasping, lacrimation, nasal discharge piloerection, polyuria, ptosis, respiratory gurgle, and salivation. Nine of the ten rats exposed to 33.7 ppm gained weight over the 14 day observation period, and the tenth animal retained a constant weight. All eight of the rats exposed to higher concentrations and surviving the 14-day observation period lost weight. Gross necropsy findings included discoloration of the lungs, pulmonary edema, clear fluid in the thoracic cavity, gas distended gastrointestinal tract, and discoloration of gastrointestinal tract contents.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Allyl chloroformate was irritating to the skin and eyes of rabbits.

/GENOTOXICITY/ Allyl chloroformate increased the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow of rats exposed for 30 days at 1.23 mg/cu m air.

Allyl chloroformate's production and use as an intermediate in chemical synthesis may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates allyl chloroformate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate will also be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 hours. If released to soil, allyl chloroformate is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 5. However, allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid; therefore, hydrolysis in moist soils will attenuate or eliminate the importance of environmental leaching. Allyl chloroformate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, hydrolysis is expected to be the dominant fate process. Due to rapid hydrolysis, adsorption to sediment, volatilization from surface water and bioconcentration are not expected to be important fate processes. Occupational exposure to allyl chloroformate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl chloroformate is produced or used. Monitoring data are not available to indicate where the general population may be exposed to allyl chloroformate. (SRC)

Allyl chloroformate's production and use as an intermediate in chemical synthesis(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that allyl chloroformate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(3) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(4); therefore, hydrolysis in moist soils will attenuate or eliminate the importance of environmental leaching(SRC). Allyl chloroformate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C(3).

AQUATIC FATE: Hydrolysis is expected to be the dominant fate process because allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(1) to form allyl alcohol, hydrogen chloride (HCl) and formic acid(1,2). Therefore, adsorption to sediment, volatilization from surface water and bioconcentration are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 0.98(4) and a regression-derived equation(4), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low even in the absence of hydrolysis(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), allyl chloroformate, which has a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C(2) is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.78X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allyl chloroformate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.78X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 14 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allyl chloroformate with ozone has been estimated as 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(1) which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 23 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(1). Allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes in water to form allyl alcohol, hydrogen chloride and formic acid(2,3); the lower chloroformates, such as ethyl chloroformate, hydrolyze rapidly in water at room temperature(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for allyl chloroformate(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.98(1) and a regression-derived equation(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In addition, allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(3) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(4) indicating bioconcentration is not an important environmental fate process(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of allyl chloroformate can be estimated to be 5(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that allyl chloroformate is expected to have very high mobility in soil. Allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(3) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(4). Therefore, hydrolysis in moist soils will attenuate or eliminate the importance of environmental leaching(SRC).

Allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(1) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(2). Therefore, volatilization of allyl chloroformate from surface waters or moist soils is not expected to be an important fate process. Allyl chloroformate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C(1).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of allyl chloroformate is 1 to 99; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

Occupational exposure to allyl chloroformate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl chloroformate is produced or used. Monitoring data are not available to indicate where the general population may be exposed to allyl chloroformate. (SRC)

Allyl chloroformate's production and use as an intermediate in chemical synthesis may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates allyl chloroformate will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate will also be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 hours. If released to soil, allyl chloroformate is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 5. However, allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid; therefore, hydrolysis in moist soils will attenuate or eliminate the importance of environmental leaching. Allyl chloroformate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, hydrolysis is expected to be the dominant fate process. Due to rapid hydrolysis, adsorption to sediment, volatilization from surface water and bioconcentration are not expected to be important fate processes. Occupational exposure to allyl chloroformate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl chloroformate is produced or used. Monitoring data are not available to indicate where the general population may be exposed to allyl chloroformate. (SRC)

Allyl chloroformate's production and use as an intermediate in chemical synthesis(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 5(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that allyl chloroformate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(3) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(4); therefore, hydrolysis in moist soils will attenuate or eliminate the importance of environmental leaching(SRC). Allyl chloroformate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C(3).

AQUATIC FATE: Hydrolysis is expected to be the dominant fate process because allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(1) to form allyl alcohol, hydrogen chloride (HCl) and formic acid(1,2). Therefore, adsorption to sediment, volatilization from surface water and bioconcentration are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 0.98(4) and a regression-derived equation(4), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low even in the absence of hydrolysis(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), allyl chloroformate, which has a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C(2) is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.78X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Vapor-phase allyl chloroformate is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 23 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allyl chloroformate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.78X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 14 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allyl chloroformate with ozone has been estimated as 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(1) which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 23 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(1). Allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes in water to form allyl alcohol, hydrogen chloride and formic acid(2,3); the lower chloroformates, such as ethyl chloroformate, hydrolyze rapidly in water at room temperature(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for allyl chloroformate(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.98(1) and a regression-derived equation(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In addition, allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(3) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(4) indicating bioconcentration is not an important environmental fate process(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of allyl chloroformate can be estimated to be 5(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that allyl chloroformate is expected to have very high mobility in soil. Allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(3) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(4). Therefore, hydrolysis in moist soils will attenuate or eliminate the importance of environmental leaching(SRC).

Allyl chloroformate hydrolyzes rapidly in water(1) to form allyl alcohol and chloroformic acid(2). Therefore, volatilization of allyl chloroformate from surface waters or moist soils is not expected to be an important fate process. Allyl chloroformate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 20 mm Hg at 25 °C(1).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of allyl chloroformate is 1 to 99; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

Occupational exposure to allyl chloroformate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl chloroformate is produced or used. Monitoring data are not available to indicate where the general population may be exposed to allyl chloroformate. (SRC)

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

/GUIDE 155: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (FLAMMABLE/WATER-SENSITIVE)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.

/GUIDE 155: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (FLAMMABLE/WATER-SENSITIVE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death. ... Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat which will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

/GUIDE 155: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (FLAMMABLE/WATER-SENSITIVE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.

/GUIDE 155: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (FLAMMABLE/WATER-SENSITIVE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ALLYL CHLOROFORMATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1722; Allyl chlorocarbonate; Allyl chloroformate

IMO 8.1; Allyl chlorocarbonate; Allyl chloroformate

49 300 01; Allyl chloroformate

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Poison Inhalation Hazard Flammable Liquid Corrosive