Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 3.9% (42 of 1068) of reports.

H302+H312 (41.3%): Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal]

H302 (60.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (82.3%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (85.9%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H315 (10.3%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (64%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (17%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P332+P317, P362+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1068 reports by companies from 27 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 42 of 1068 reports by companies.

There are 26 notifications provided by 1026 of 1068 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 min.; see a physician.

SKIN: immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 min.

INGESTION: induce vomiting and call a physician. (USCG, 1999)

Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water or foam may cause frothing.

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, alcohol foam, carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide.

Extinguish with dry chemical, alcohol foam or carbon dioxide; water or foam may cause frothing.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking liquid in covered dry plastic containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Collect leaking liquid in covered dry, plastic containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Sodium bicarbonate or lime solution (USCG, 1999)

Separated from metals.

14 [mg/m3]

160 [mg/m3]

950 [mg/m3]

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly on spraying.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes and skin.

Goggles or face shield; rubber gloves; protective clothing. (USCG, 1999)

Goggles or face shield; rubber gloves; protective clothing.

Respiratory protection (supplied-air respirator with full facepiece or self-contained breathing apparatus) should be available where these compounds are manufactured or used and should be worn in case of emergency and overexposure. /Phosphorus compounds/

NO open flames.

PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS! STRICT HYGIENE! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use local exhaust.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid is an odorless light yellow liquid. Floats on water. (USCG, 1999)

Light yellow liquid; [CAMEO]

COLOURLESS OR AMBER LIQUID.

Viscous liquid

Amber liquid

ODORLESS

155 °C at 0.015 mm Hg

155.015 °C @760 [mm Hg]

less than -76 °F (USCG, 1999)

385 °F (USCG, 1999)

Flash point equals 385 °F

385 °F (196 °C) (Open cup)

About 198 °C (closed cup)

196 °C o.c.

Soluble in benzene, hexane, and 4-methyl-2-pentanone

In water, 1.82X10+2 mg/L at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.21

0.977 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.975 g/cu cm at 25 deg

Strongly acidic. Bulk density Wt/gal = 8.2 lb

0.96 g/cm³

0.97525 @25 °C

0.00000005 [mmHg]

Vapor pressure, Pa at 20 °C:

When heated to decomposition emits toxic fumes of /phosphorus oxides/.

240 °C. This produces toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides. Attacks many metals. This produces flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen - see ICSC 0001).

Mildly corrosive to most metals

-13,970 BTU/LB= -7,760 CAL/G= -325X10+5 J/KG

20 DYNES/CM= 0.020 N/M @ 20 °C

Index of refraction = 1.4420 at 25 °C/D

201.0 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI+; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID1027134]

187.0 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI-; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID1027134]

Decomposes at 1 atm; estimated liquid-water interfacial tension 30 dynes/cm= 0.030 n/m a 20 °C

Chemical diffusion

Diffusion

Diffusive flux

Viscosity

Other Classes -> Organophosphates, Other

Corrosives

Organophosphate diesters (OPDE)

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Acids, Weak

Organophosphates, such as DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHOSPHORIC ACID, are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides. Mildly corrosive to most metals; may form flammable hydrogen gas (USCG, 1999).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and through the skin.

Burning sensation. Cough. Sore throat.

Redness. Burning sensation. Pain. Blisters.

Redness. Pain. Severe burns.

LD50 Rabbit ip 1250 mg/kg bw

LD50 Rat oral 4,940 mg/kg bw

LD50 Rabbit dermal 1200 mg/kg bw/24 hr

LD50 Rat ip 50 mg/kg

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Causes smarting of skin and first degree burns on short exposure and may cause second degree burns on long exposure. Irritating to skin and eyes.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation: Burning sensation. Cough. Sore throat.; Skin: Redness. Burning sensation. Pain. Blisters.; Eyes: Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Acute toxicity of 12 chem incl HDEHP studied in rat after ip injection and in trout in aquaria water. The ip LD50 in rat varied between less than 50 mg/kg to more than 5000 mg/kg. LC50 values in trout indeterminate.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Corrosive to rabbit skin /when exposed to/ 500 uL/animal /for/ 1-8 hr.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Exposure of rats to 1% or 3% (w/w) di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate in the diet for five days results in two- to three-fold inductions of liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase activity and microsomal cytochrome P-450 content. Cytochromes P-450b + e were induced 20- to 35-fold, but no increase was observed in cytochrome P-450c. Considerably smaller effects were obtained on NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, microsomal epoxide hydrolase and microsomal cytochrome b5 content, and there was no effect on cytosolic glutathione transferase activity, under the same conditions. A dramatic increase in cyanide-insensitive palmitoyl-CoA oxidation and total mitochondrial protein, together with smaller increases in total catalase and cytochrome oxidase activities, were observed after treatment with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate, indicating that this compound causes proliferation of both peroxisomes and mitochondria.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Corrosive to rabbit eyes /when exposed to/ 100 uL/animal.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50 Danio rerio (Zebra danio) >56 mg/L/96 hr; static /formulated product/

LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) >42 mg/L/24 hr; static /formulated product/

LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) >42 mg/L/48 hr; static /formulated product/

LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) 46.8 mg/L/72 hr (95% confidence limit: 19.8-110.0); static /formulated product/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The toxicity was studied in Chlorella emersonii (green alga), Salmo gairdneri and bacteria Cellulomonas and Sporocytophaga myxococcoides. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate inhibited growth at concn in range 0.3-100 mg/L.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate's production and use as a metal extraction agent, a textile lubricant and antistatic agent, an extreme pressure additive, an intermediate for wetting agents and detergent, and a feedstock for chemical synthesis may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate will exist solely in the particulate phase in the atmosphere. Particulate-phase bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to have no mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1.7X10+4. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole. The pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate has been estimated as 1.47, indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon than their neutral counterparts. The sorption of organophosphorus compounds in soil depends on both organic matter and clay content of soil and the sorption increases as the pH of soil decreases. In a study on the sorption of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate on kaolinite and amectite, the acidic phosphoric group reacted rapidly and almost irreversibly with the surface cations of the clay mineral structure. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test and therefore this compound is not expected to biodegrade rapidly in the environment. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Measured BCF values of 1-2.4 and 2.7-6.0 suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound contains functional groups (esters) that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. The hydrolysis half-life of the analog dimethyl phosphoric acid in neutral solution at 100 °C was found to be 2.4 days. Increasing the carbon chain substituent on phosphoric acid (as in the case of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate) may not increase the rate of hydrolysis. Occupational exposure to bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is produced or used. (SRC)

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate's production and use as a metal extraction agent, a textile lubricant and antistatic agent, an extreme pressure additive, an intermediate for wetting agents and detergent, and a feedstock for chemical synthesis(1-3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). The estimated pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is 1.47(3), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(5). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(6). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(7) and therefore this compound may not biodegrade rapidly in terrestrial environments(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). The estimated pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is 1.47(5), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon than their neutral counterparts(6). The sorption of organophosphorus compounds in soil depends on both organic matter and clay content of soil and the sorption increases as the pH of soil decreases(7). In a study on the sorption of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate on kaolinite and amectite, the acidic phosphoric group reacted rapidly and almost irreversibly with the surface cations of the clay mineral structure(7), therefore, adsorption to suspended solids and sediments is expected to be pH dependent. According to a classification scheme(8), measured BCF values of 1-2.4 and 2.7-6.0(9) suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(9) and therefore this compound is not expected to biodegrade rapidly in aquatic environments(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1); therefore, this compound is not expected to biodegrade rapidly(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 6.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.9 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the presence of functional groups (esters) that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). The hydrolysis half-life of the analog dimethyl phosphoric acid in neutral solution at 100 °C was found to be 2.4 days(3). Increasing the carbon chain substituent on phosphoric acid (as in the case of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate) may not increase the rate of hydrolysis(3). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

BCF values of 1-2.4 and 2.7-6.0 were measured for bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate at concentrations of 1 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively, using carp which were exposed over an 6-week period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate can be estimated to be 1.7X10+4(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to be immobile in soil. The estimated pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is 1.47(3), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon than their neutral counterparts(4). The sorption of organophosphorus compounds in soil depends on both organic matter and clay content of soil and the sorption increases as the pH of soil decreases(5). In a study on the sorption of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate on kaolinite and amectite, the acidic phosphoric group reacted rapidly and almost irreversibly with the surface cations of the clay mineral structure(5).

The Henry's Law constant for bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is estimated as 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Occupational exposure to bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is produced or used. (SRC)

LC50 Danio rerio (Zebra danio) >56 mg/L/96 hr; static /formulated product/

LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) >42 mg/L/24 hr; static /formulated product/

LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) >42 mg/L/48 hr; static /formulated product/

LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) 46.8 mg/L/72 hr (95% confidence limit: 19.8-110.0); static /formulated product/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHATE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The toxicity was studied in Chlorella emersonii (green alga), Salmo gairdneri and bacteria Cellulomonas and Sporocytophaga myxococcoides. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate inhibited growth at concn in range 0.3-100 mg/L.

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate's production and use as a metal extraction agent, a textile lubricant and antistatic agent, an extreme pressure additive, an intermediate for wetting agents and detergent, and a feedstock for chemical synthesis may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate will exist solely in the particulate phase in the atmosphere. Particulate-phase bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to have no mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1.7X10+4. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole. The pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate has been estimated as 1.47, indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon than their neutral counterparts. The sorption of organophosphorus compounds in soil depends on both organic matter and clay content of soil and the sorption increases as the pH of soil decreases. In a study on the sorption of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate on kaolinite and amectite, the acidic phosphoric group reacted rapidly and almost irreversibly with the surface cations of the clay mineral structure. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test and therefore this compound is not expected to biodegrade rapidly in the environment. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Measured BCF values of 1-2.4 and 2.7-6.0 suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound contains functional groups (esters) that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. The hydrolysis half-life of the analog dimethyl phosphoric acid in neutral solution at 100 °C was found to be 2.4 days. Increasing the carbon chain substituent on phosphoric acid (as in the case of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate) may not increase the rate of hydrolysis. Occupational exposure to bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is produced or used. (SRC)

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate's production and use as a metal extraction agent, a textile lubricant and antistatic agent, an extreme pressure additive, an intermediate for wetting agents and detergent, and a feedstock for chemical synthesis(1-3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). The estimated pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is 1.47(3), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(5). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(6). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(7) and therefore this compound may not biodegrade rapidly in terrestrial environments(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.7X10+4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). The estimated pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is 1.47(5), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon than their neutral counterparts(6). The sorption of organophosphorus compounds in soil depends on both organic matter and clay content of soil and the sorption increases as the pH of soil decreases(7). In a study on the sorption of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate on kaolinite and amectite, the acidic phosphoric group reacted rapidly and almost irreversibly with the surface cations of the clay mineral structure(7), therefore, adsorption to suspended solids and sediments is expected to be pH dependent. According to a classification scheme(8), measured BCF values of 1-2.4 and 2.7-6.0(9) suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(9) and therefore this compound is not expected to biodegrade rapidly in aquatic environments(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, present at 100 mg/L, reached 0-17% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1); therefore, this compound is not expected to biodegrade rapidly(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 6.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.9 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the presence of functional groups (esters) that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). The hydrolysis half-life of the analog dimethyl phosphoric acid in neutral solution at 100 °C was found to be 2.4 days(3). Increasing the carbon chain substituent on phosphoric acid (as in the case of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate) may not increase the rate of hydrolysis(3). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

BCF values of 1-2.4 and 2.7-6.0 were measured for bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate at concentrations of 1 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively, using carp which were exposed over an 6-week period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate can be estimated to be 1.7X10+4(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to be immobile in soil. The estimated pKa of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is 1.47(3), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon than their neutral counterparts(4). The sorption of organophosphorus compounds in soil depends on both organic matter and clay content of soil and the sorption increases as the pH of soil decreases(5). In a study on the sorption of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate on kaolinite and amectite, the acidic phosphoric group reacted rapidly and almost irreversibly with the surface cations of the clay mineral structure(5).

The Henry's Law constant for bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is estimated as 4.1X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.7X10-8 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Occupational exposure to bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate is produced or used. (SRC)

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Diisooctyl acid phosphate/

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors, and sewers explosion hazards. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form. /Diisooctyl acid phosphate/

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Diisooctyl acid phosphate/

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Diisooctyl acid phosphate/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

NA 1902; Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid

UN 1902; Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid

IMO 8.0; Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Corrosive

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

UN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: III