Ethylaluminum dichloride

H225 (46%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H250 (72.6%): Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air [Danger Pyrophoric liquids]

H260 (57.9%): In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]

H261 (13.3%): In contact with water releases flammable gas [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]

H314 (71.2%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (49.8%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P210, P222, P223, P231, P231+P232, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P335+P334, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 285 reports by companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

INHALATION: only fumes from fire need be considered; metal-fume fever is not critical and lasts less than 36 hrs.; irritation of nose and throat by acid vapors may require treatment by a physician.

EYES: flush gently with water for 15 min.; treat burns if fire occurred; get medical attention.

SKIN: wash with water; treat burns caused by fire; get medical attention. (USCG, 1999)

Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water, foam, dry chemicals, halogenated agents, or carbon dioxide

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Inert dry powders such as dry graphite, soda ash, sand, limestone. (USCG, 1999)

Ignites spontaneously. /from table/

Stop flow of liquid before extinguishing fire. Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. DO NOT use water as straight stream directly on spilled material. Water fog can be used to control fire. DO NOT use halogenated extinguishing agents on spilled material. Violent reaction may result. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. /Aluminum Alkyls/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Aluminum compounds are treated under anhydrous conditions to prevent violent reactions, recover solvent, and form Al compounds suitable for landfill by reaction with anhydrous hydrolysis agent, eg calcium hydroxide. /Aluminum compounds/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Rinse with sodium bicarbonate or lime solution. (USCG, 1999)

Extremely reactive with air, moisture and compounds containing active hydrogen and therefore must be kept under a blanket of inert gas. /Aluminum alkyls/

In general, materials ... toxic as stored or which can decompose into toxic components ... Should be stored in cool ... ventilated place, out of ... sun, away from ... fire hazard ... be periodically inspected and monitored. Incompatible materials should be isolated ...

All possibility of contact with water must be avoided. Solution containing not more than 20% of these compounds in non-reactive solvents, however, can be handled without risk of spontaneous ignition. /Aluminum alkyls/

Must be stored in an inert atmosphere; sensitive to oxidation and hydrolysis in air. /Trialkylaluminums/

Separate from air, water, halocarbons, alcohols. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquid storage warehouse, room, or cabinet. /Aluminum alkyls/

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

1.2 [mg/m3]

13 [mg/m3]

79 [mg/m3]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 mg/cu m, respirable fraction. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

Intermediate Oral: 1.0 mg/kg/day (L134)

Chronic Oral: 1.0 mg/kg/day (L134)

Full protective clothing, preferably of aluminized glass cloth; goggles, face shield, gloves; in case of fire, all-purpose canister or self-contained breathing apparatus. (USCG, 1999)

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al/

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Aluminum (soluble salts and alkyls, as Al)/

Protective clothing and a high standard of training in the necessary precautionary measures are essential for the handling of the materials. /Aluminum alkyls/

Ethyl aluminum dichloride appears as a colorless to light-yellow heated liquid. Freezing point 90 °F. (USCG, 1999)

Liquid; CBI

Colorless liquid; [Sullivan, p. 979] Clear yellow liquid; mp = 31 deg C; [HDSB] Clear deep yellow liquid; mp = 32 deg C; [MSDSonline]

Clear, yellow liquid

381 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

194 °C (Extrapolated)

194 °C @760 [mm Hg]

90 °F (USCG, 1999)

1.227 at 95 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.222 @25 °C

Low melting solids or colorless, volatile liquids. /Alkylaluminum halides/

Less sensitive than trialkylaminums to oxidation upon exposure to air. /Alkylaluminum halides/

Ignites spontaneously in air at ambient temperature. (USCG, 1999)

When heated to decomposition ... emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride/.

Pyrophoric. ... reacts violently with water. Weight: 10.28 lb/gal @ 25 °C

Strongly associated forming dimers; held together by bridging halogen bonds; halogen aluminum bonds Cleaved by water and alcohol /Aluminum alkyls/

Alkylaluminum chlorides, bromides, and iodides are usually dimeric, with bridging halides.

Metals -> Metals, Organic Compounds

Flammable agents - 4th degree

Reactive agents - 3rd degree

Highly flammable. Ignites when exposed to air. Reacts violently with water or moisture in air forming hydrogen chloride fumes and flammable ethane gas (Rose 1961).

Metal Hydrides, Metal Alkyls, Metal Aryls, and Silanes

Strong Reducing Agent

Water-Reactive

Pyrophoric

Organometallics, such as ETHYL ALUMINUM DICHLORIDE, are reactive with many other groups. Incompatible with acids and bases. Organometallics are good reducing agents and therefore incompatible with oxidizing agents. Often reactive with water to generate toxic or flammable gases. Organometallics containing halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) bonded to the metal typically with generate gaseous hydrohalic acids (HF, HCl, HBr, HI) with water.

Extremely reactive with air, moisture, and compounds containing active hydrogen... /Alkyl aluminum compounds/

Reacts violently with a broad range of materials including air & water. /Aluminum alkyls/

The main target organs of aluminum are the central nervous system and bone. Aluminum binds with dietary phosphorus and impairs gastrointestinal absorption of phosphorus. The decreased phosphate body burden results in osteomalacia (softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralization) and rickets. Aluminum's neurotoxicity is believed to involve several mechanisms. Changes in cytoskeletal protein functions as a results of altered phosphorylation, proteolysis, transport, and synthesis are believed to be one cause. Aluminum may induce neurobehavioral effects by affecting permeability of the blood-brain barrier, cholinergic activity, signal transduction pathways, lipid peroxidation, and impair neuronal glutamate nitric oxide-cyclic GMP pathway, as well as interfere with metabolism of essential trace elements because of similar coordination chemistries and consequent competitive interactions. It has been suggested that aluminum's interaction with estrogen receptors increases the expression of estrogen-related genes and thereby contributes to the progression of breast cancer (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link between aluminum and increased risk of breast cancer (A15468). Certain aluminum salts induce immune responses by activating inflammasomes. (L739, A235, A236)

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Aluminum metal and insoluble compounds/

Not listed by IARC. IARC classified aluminum production as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), but did not implicate aluminum itself as a human carcinogen. (L135) A link between use of aluminum-containing antiperspirants and increased risk of breast cancer has been proposed (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link (A15468).

Aluminum targets the nervous system and causes decreased nervous system performance and is associated with altered function of the blood-brain barrier. The accumulation of aluminum in the body may cause bone or brain diseases. High levels of aluminum have been linked to Alzheimer's disease. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740)

Oral (L739) ; inhalation (L739)

Inhalating aluminum dust causes coughing and abnormal chest X-rays. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740)

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Corrosive. Causes severe eye and skin burns. Irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system. May be harmful if absorbed through skin or inhaled. "Metal fume fever" may result from inhalation of fumes /from organoaluminum compounds/. /SRP: While possible, metal fume fever is not highly probable./ /Organoaluminum compounds/

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Vapors of the pyrophoric alkyls (butyls and below) are nontoxic because they are completely consumed, but inhalation of the metallic oxide smoke (Al2O3) at 15 mg/cu m or greater can result in symptoms such as "metal fume fever." /Aluminum alkyls/

Aluminum compounds are treated under anhydrous conditions to prevent violent reactions, recover solvent, and form Al compounds suitable for landfill by reaction with anhydrous hydrolysis agent, eg calcium hydroxide. /Aluminum compounds/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.

Table: Table of Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Dichloroethylaluminum (when spilled in water) [Table#1029]

Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases /Aluminum alkyl halides; Aluminum alkyl halides, liquid; Aluminum alkyl halides, solid/

Table: Materials Which Produce Large Amounts of Toxic-by-Inhalation (TIH) Gas(es) When Spilled in Water [Table#1030]

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May ignite on contact with moist air or moisture. May burn rapidly with flare-burning effect. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. /Aluminum alkyl halides; Aluminum alkyl halides, liquid; Aluminum alkyl halides, solid/

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Health: Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Inhalation of decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. /Aluminum alkyl halides; Aluminum alkyl halides, liquid; Aluminum alkyl halides, solid/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for DICHLOROETHYLALUMINUM (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 3051; Aluminum alkyls

UN 3052; Aluminum alkyl halides

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

Spontaneously Combustible Dangerous When Wet