3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301+H331 (41.8%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H301 (42.2%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H302 (57.8%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H304 (22.1%): May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (100%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H318 (65.1%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331 (67.5%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H332 (32.5%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H351 (22.1%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H411 (100%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P331, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 249 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P319, P321, P330, P331, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Rest. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use powder, carbon dioxide, foam. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog because solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water, being sure to apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical.

Personnel protection: Keep upwind of fire and avoid breathing vapors. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment and be sure to wash away any material which may have contacted the body, with copious amounts of soap and water.

Wear boots, protective gloves, goggles and a self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment and be sure to wash away any material which may have contacted the body, with copious amounts of soap and water.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious); polymerization hazard]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and strong bases. Cooled. Well closed. Ventilation along the floor. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

0.7 [ppm]

45 [ppm]

carcinogen category: 3

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or regular foam. If regular foam is ineffective or unavailable, use alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

Lachrymation. The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure at high levels could cause lowering of consciousness.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization.

Organic canister mask; goggles; rubber gloves. (USCG, 1999)

Wear boots, protective gloves, goggles, as well as full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. NO contact with hot surfaces. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling.

PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS! AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Methylallyl chloride appears as a colorless to straw-colored liquid with a sharp penetrating odor. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Flash point below 0 °F. May be toxic by ingestion. Irritating to skin and eyes. Used to make plastics and pharmaceuticals.

Colorless to yellow liquid, with pungent odor; [ICSC] Odor: stench; [MSDSonline]

COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

COLORLESS TO STRAW-COLORED LIQUID

SHARP, PENETRATING

Disagreeable odor

160 to 162 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

71-72 °C

72.17 °C @760 [mm Hg]

less than -112 °F (NTP, 1992)

< -80 °C

9 °F (NTP, 1992)

-3 °F (OPEN CUP)

92 °F (-12 °C) (CLOSED CUP)

-12 °C c.c.

less than 1 mg/mL at 70 °F (NTP, 1992)

Miscible in alcohol and ether, very soluble in chloroform, and soluble in acetone.

Solubility in water at 20 °C is ca. 0.05 wt%; water solubility in methylallyl chloride is 0.04 wt%.

1400 mg/l in water at 25 °C.

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 0.14 (very poor)

0.928 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.9210 at 15 °C/4 °C; 0.9165 at 20 °C/4 °C

Density of commercial grade = 0.926-0.930 at 20 °C/20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.92

0.9257 @ 20°C

3.12 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

3.1 (AIR= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.1

101.7 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

102.0 [mmHg]

101.7 mm Hg (13.53 x 10 +3 Pa) @ 20 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 14

101.7 [mm Hg] @20 °C

VOLATILE

4.2X10-4 Pa.s

31.8 kJ/mol

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.4318 AT 15 °C/D; 1.4274 AT 20 °C/D

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.427 @ 25 °C/D

Heat of Formation = -105.1 kJ/mol at 25 °C (liquid)

Moisture causes samples of methallyl chloride to become markedly acidic as a result of hydrolysis.

Highly flammable. It may react with water at elevated temperatures. (NTP, 1992). Insoluble in water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Highly Flammable

Polymerizable

METHYLALLYL CHLORIDE is sensitive to light. This chemical can react vigorously with oxidizers. It is incompatible with strong bases. It may react with water at elevated temperatures. (NTP, 1992).

Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of 3-chloro-2-methylpropene. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of 3-chloro-2-methylchloropropene. Overall evaluation: 3-Chloro-2-methylpropene is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).

3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene: reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

3-Chloro-2-methylpropene, technical grade

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 63: (1995) Dry Cleaning, Some Chlorinated Solvents and Other Industrial Chemicals

Volume 115: (2018) Some Industrial Chemicals

3-Chloro-2-Methylpropene

TR-300: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 3-Chloro-2-methylpropene (Technical grade containing 5% Dimethylvinyl chloride) (CASRN 563-47-3) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies) (1986 )

11/02/84

Clear Evidence

Under the conditions of these 2-year gavage studies, there was clear evidence of carcinogenicity for 3-chloro-2-methylpropene as shown by the increased incidences of squamous cell neoplasms in the forestomach of male and female F344/N rats and of male and female B6C3F1 mice.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

Cough. Sore throat. Headache. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain.

Watering of the eyes. Redness. Pain.

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 3: Chemicals are not classifiable by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

NTP Carcinogen - Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

LC50 (rat) = 34,000 mg/m3/30 min

LC50 MOUSE 57.0 MG/L /30 MIN/

Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity: Number of revertents per umol of test cmpd. With S-9 mix: 18 umol; Without S-9 mix: 44 umol.

LC50 RAT 34.5 MG/L /30 MIN/

SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 1. A. INHALATION, HIGH VAPOR CONCN: GASPING, REFUSAL TO BREATHE, COUGHING, SUBSTERNAL PAIN, & EXTREME RESP DISTRESS @ ... CONCN OVER 1500 PPM. IRRITATION OF EYES & UPPER RESP MUCOSA APPEARS PROMPTLY AFTER EXPOSURE TO CONCENTRATED VAPORS. LACRIMATION AND HEADACHE ARE PROMINENT. COMA MAY OCCUR RAPIDLY. B. INHALATION, LOW VAPOR CONCN: CENTRAL NERVOUS DEPRESSION & MODERATE IRRITATION OF RESP SYSTEM. 2. DERMAL: SEVERE SKIN IRRITATION WITH MARKED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE OF EPIDERMIS & UNDERLYING TISSUES. /DICHLOROPROPENES/

SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 3. ORAL: ACUTE GI DISTRESS WITH PULMONARY CONGESTION & EDEMA. CNS DEPRESSION, PERHAPS EVEN IN ABSENCE OF IMPAIRED OXYGEN UPTAKE. 4. BY ANY ROUTE, POSSIBLE INJURIES TO LIVER, KIDNEYS & HEART. /DICHLOROPROPENES/

LC50 VALUES OF METHALLYL CHLORIDE INHALED BY MICE & RATS WERE 57.0 & 34.5 MG/L, RESPECTIVELY. DECR IN LEVELS OF SULFHYDRYL & DISULFIDE GROUPS IN BLOOD & LIVER WAS OBSERVED IN RATS EXPOSED AT 10 MOLES/L.

TOXICITY OF ALIPHATIC HALOHYDROCARBONS TO RATS EXPOSED TO THEIR VAPORS FOR 30 MIN DECR IN FOLLOWING ORDER: METHYL BROMIDE, 1,2-DIBROMOETHANE, METHALLYL CHLORIDE. LD50 CONCN RANGED BETWEEN 11.0 & 152 MG/L.

Test results positive for mutagenicity in mouse lymphoma cells.

Mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with or without rat liver S9 mix in 0-3 umol/ml doses in liquid suspension.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 3-CHLORO-2-METHYL-1-PROPENE (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=563-47-3]

Toxicology and carcinogenesis of technical grade 3-chloro-2-methylpropene (containing 5% dimethylvinyl chloride) ... were performed on F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. ... Groups of 50 male and 50 female F344/N rats were admin 3-chloro-2-methylpropene in corn oil by gavage at doses of 0, 75 or 150 mg/kg body wt, 5 days/wk for 103 wk, and groups of 50 male and female B6C3F1 mice received 3-chloro-2-methylpropene at 0, 100 or 200 mg/kg on the same schedule. ... Under the conditions of these two yr gavage studies, there was clear evidence of the carcinogenicity for 3-chloro-2-methylpropene as shown by the incr incidences of squamous cell neoplasms in the forestomach of male and female F344/N rats and of male and female B6C3F1 mice.

The ability of 3-chloro-2-methylpropene (CMP) to induce morphological transformation in the BALB/3T3 mouse cell line (Cell Transformation Assay) in the presence and absence of added metabolic activation by Aroclor-induced rat liver S9 fraction was evaluated. Based on preliminary clonal toxicity determinations (exposure time=2 hrs), CMP was tested at 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 ul/ml in the absence of activation (cell survival ranging from 100-77% relative to acetone solvent control), and at 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 ul/ml in the presence of added metabolic activation (cell survival ranging from 85% to <1%). Test material did not induce the appearance of a significant number of transformed foci.

The ability of 3-chloro-2-methylpropene (CMP) to induce morphological transformation in the BALB/3T3 mouse cell line (Cell Transformation Assay) in the presence and absence of added metabolic activation by Aroclor-induced rat liver S9 fraction was evaluated. Based on preliminary clonal toxicity determinations (exposure time=2 hrs), CMP was tested at 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 ul/ml in the absence of activation (cell survival ranging from 95-48% relative to acetone solvent control), and at 0.1, 0.18, 0.3 and 0.5 ul/ml in the presence of added metabolic activation (cell survival ranging from 124-48%). Test material did not induce the appearance of a significant number of transformed foci, although a marginal yet dose-responsive increase in transformation was observed in the assay with added metabolic activation.

Toxicity of 1-chloro-2-methylpropene (CMP) with respect to testicular changes was evaluated in male albino Wistar rats (10/treated group, 20 in arachis oil vehicle control group) exposed orally to CMP by gavage at dosage levels of 0, 40 or 60 mg/kg/day for 14 days. On day 15, the animals were sent for pathological examination. Significant differences were observed between treated and control animals in the following: decreased maternal body weight and body weight gain (high-dose group), increased incidence of minor renal changes (increase in eosinophilic intra-cytoplasmic inclusion droplets in the proximal convoluted tubules, high-dose group), and increased incidence of gastric lesions, severe irritative changes in the stomach, and focal erosion of the cardiac mucosa with moderate hyperkeratosis and acanthosis in the stomach (both treated groups). No significant differences between treated and control animals were observed in the following: maternal mortality, clinical observations, testes weights, morphology, or detailed macroscopic and microscopic examination of the testes, epididymides, ductuli efferentes, and vasa deferentes.

The mutagenicity of 3-chloro-2-methylpropene was evaluated in Salmonella tester strains TA1535, TA100, TA1537, TA1538 and TA98 (Ames test), both in the presence and absence of added metabolic activation by Aroclor-induced rat liver S9 fraction. 3-Chloro-2-methylpropene, diluted in DMSO, was tested at concentrations up to 100ul/plate using the plate incorporation technique. 3-Chloro-2-methylpropene did not cause a positive response in any tester strain with or without metabolic activation.

For more TSCA Test Submissions (Complete) data for 3-CHLORO-2-METHYL-1-PROPENE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

MEDIAN LETHAL CONCN OF METHYLALLYL CHLORIDE FOR THE SMALL BLACK BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM DESTRUCTOR, WAS 21.9-22.9 G/CU M.

LD50 Goldfish 14 mg/l/24 hr

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.

3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene's production and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. 3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene's former use as a fumigant will have resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to the atmosphere, 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene will exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere, based on a measured vapor pressure of 101.7 mm Hg at 20 °C. Vapor-phase 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone with estimated half-lives of about 10 and 27 hours, respectively. An estimated Koc value of 81 suggests that 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene will have high mobility in soil. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.7X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. Volatilization from dry soil surfaces is expected given the vapor pressure of this compound. Based on limited data, 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is expected to biodegrade under aerobic conditions in soil and water; in screening tests, this compound reached 42% of the theoretical BOD in 5 days and 89-107% of the theoretical BOD in 28 days. In water, 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is not expected to adsorb to sediment or particulate matter based on its Koc value. This compound should volatilize from water surfaces given its estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively. Bioconcentration in aquatic organisms may be low based on an estimated BCF value of 10. Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation or dermal contact at workplaces where 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is produced or used. (SRC)

3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene's production and use as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of insecticides, plastics, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene's former use as a fumigant(2) for grains, tobacco, soil(1) and vegetable seeds(4) would have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 81(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene will have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.7X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from experimental values for water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(4). Volatilization from dry soil surfaces(SRC) is expected based on a measured vapor pressure of 101.7 mm Hg(4). Based on limited data, 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is expected to biodegrade under aerobic conditions in soil; in screening tests, this compound reached 42%(5) of the theoretical BOD in 5 days and 89-107% of the theoretical BOD in 28 days(2).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 81(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1), indicates that 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene should not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). 3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene may volatilize from water surfaces(1,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 8.7X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from experimental values for water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(3). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(1,SRC). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF value of 10(1,SRC), from a measured water solubility(2), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Based on limited data, 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is expected to biodegrade under aerobic conditions in water; in screening tests, this compound reached 42%(5) of the theoretical BOD in 5 days and 89-107% of the theoretical BOD in 28 days(2).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene, which has a measured vapor pressure of 101.7 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone(SRC); the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be about 10 and 27 hours, respectively(3,SRC).

Oxidation parameters: biological oxygen demand (5 day test at 20 °C): 0.81 NEN 3235-5.4 /NEN: Dutch Standard Test Method/

In an aerobic aqueous screening test, 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene at 30 mg/l was incubated with a sludge inoculum; 89-107% of the theoretical BOD was measured at 4 weeks(1). 3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene, seeded with a wastewater effluent, reached 42% of the theoretical BOD in 5 days(2).

Oxidation parameters: chemical oxygen demand: 1.18 NEN 3235-5.4 /NEN: Dutch Standard Test Method/

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 4.0X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 10 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene with ozone has been estimated as 1.0X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 27 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(1,SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 10 was calculated for 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene(SRC), using a measured water solubility of 1400 mg/l at 25 °C(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is estimated as approximately 81(SRC), using a measured water solubility of 1400 mg/l at 25 °C(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene has high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is estimated as 8.7X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) from its experimental values for vapor pressure, 101.7 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 1400 mg/l(2). This value indicates that 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene will volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 3 hours(3,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 4 days(3,SRC). 3-Chloro-2-methyl-1-propene's values for vapor pressure(1) and Henry's Law constant(1,2,SRC) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil surfaces, respectively, may occur(SRC).

DRINKING WATER: Drinking water samples collected from Cincinnati, OH in 1978 contained 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene at unreported concentrations(1).

Samples collected from a chemical plant chlorinated still bottom extract contained 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene at unreported concentrations(1). Effluent samples collected from an advanced wastewater treatment plant in Lake Tahoe, California in 1974 contained unreported concentrations of 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene(2).

The general population will be exposed to 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of drinking water, and dermal contact with vapors, water, and other products containing 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene. Occupational exposure may be through inhalation and dermal contact at workplaces where 3-chloro-2-methyl-1-propene is produced or used. (SRC)

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 130P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Non-Polar/Water-Immiscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 3-CHLORO-2-METHYL-1-PROPENE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2554 130P

UN 2554; Methyl allyl chloride

IMO 6.1; Methyl allyl chloride

49 082 23; Methallyl chloride (flammable liquid, nos)

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid

Symbol: F, C, N; R: 11-20/22-34-43-51/53; S: (2)-9-16-26-29-36/37/39-45-61

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: II