coumatetralyl

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H360D: May damage the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310 (95.5%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H372 (100%): Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H412 (95.5%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P262, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P316, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 44 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Signs and Symptoms of Coumatetralyl Exposure: Coumatetralyl is an anticoagulant. Hemorrhage is the most common sign and may be manifested by hemorrhagic skin rashes and lip, nose, and upper airway bleeding. Upper airway pain, difficulty in speaking and swallowing, and dyspnea (shortness of breath) may occur. Vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloody stools are common. Back pain may be noted.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to coumatetralyl exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to coumatetralyl.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. RUSH to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to coumatetralyl.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. RUSH to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of coumatetralyl is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step

4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step

4.The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3- 1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

(Non-Specific -- Coumarin Derivative Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.

(Non-Specific -- Coumarin Derivative Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Special protective equipment for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal precautions: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Incineration: 1) Stuff a package with paper or flammable materials. Burn in the furnace. 2) Dissolve in a combustible solvent. Burn in the furnace by spraying the soln.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.

Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.

(Non-Specific -- Coumarin Derivative Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray to reduce vapors. With clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover. Dike far ahead of large spills for later disposal. (EPA, 1998)

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep in a dry place.

0.026 [mg/m3]

0.29 [mg/m3]

1.7 [mg/m3]

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

Personal protective equipment: Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU). Hand protection: Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. Full contact Material: Nitrile rubber (minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm, break through time: 480 min). Splash protection: Material: Nitrile rubber (minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm Break through time: 480 min). ... Eye protection: Face shield and safety glasses: Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Skin and body protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Yellowish-white crystalline powder; colorless when pure; odorless. This material is used as a rodenticide, functioning as an anticoagulant that does not induce bait-shyness. (EPA, 1998)

Yellowish-white odorless solid; Colorless when pure; [CAMEO] Colorless powder; [MSDSonline]

Colorless crystals

ODORLESS

TASTELESS

349 °F (EPA, 1998)

172-176 °C

Yellowish crystals. MP: 166-172 °C /Technical/

In water, 425 mg/L at 20 °C and pH 7

Soluble in alcohols and acetone; slightly soluble in benzene, toluene, and diethyl ether.

SOL IN DIL ALKALI & MOST ORG SOLVENTS

Practically insoluble in benzene, moderately soluble in alcohols, and readily soluble acetone and dioxane. The sodium salt is fully soluble in water.

For more Solubility (Complete) data for COUMATETRALYL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

8.5X10-6 mPa /6.38X10-11 mm Hg/ at 20 °C

log Kow = 3.46

Thermally stable up to at least 150 °C. Not hydrolysed by water over 5 days (25 °C).

When heated to decomposition it emit acird smoke and fumes.

... DT50 >1 yr (pH 4-9). Rapidly decomposed in aq soln exposed to sunlight or u.v. light; DT50 about 1 hr.

pKa = 4.5 to 5.0

165.7 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: APCI+; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID8041799]

169.2 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI-; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID8041799]

173.6 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI+; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID8041799]

165.6 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI+; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID8041799]

ENOLIC FORM OF COMPD HAS ACIDIC PROPERTIES AND CAN FORM SALTS WITH METALS

Rodenticides

Active substance -> EU Pesticides database: Not approved

Pesticides -> Rodenticides, Anticoagulant

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Alcohols and Polyols

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Ketones, such as COUMATETRALYL, are reactive with many acids and bases liberating heat and flammable gases (e.g., H2). The amount of heat may be sufficient to start a fire in the unreacted portion of the ketone. Ketones react with reducing agents such as hydrides, alkali metals, and nitrides to produce flammable gas (H2) and heat. Ketones are incompatible with isocyanates, aldehydes, cyanides, peroxides, and anhydrides. They react violently with aldehydes, HNO3, HNO3 + H2O2, and HClO4.

LC50 (rat) = 39 mg/m3/4h

LD50 Rat oral 16.5 mg/kg

LD50 Rat dermal 40 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse oral >1,000 mg/kg

LD50 Rabbit oral >500 mg/kg

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for COUMATETRALYL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Resistance to 4-hydroxycoumarin anticoagulant rodenticides has been a problem in some local foci for a number of years. One method of managing resistance could be to use synergists in conjunction with anticoagulants. /The researchers/ investigated the effect of administering cholecalciferol and coumatetralyl alone and in a synergistic mixture to anticoagulant-resistant rats by monitoring plasma factor X concentrations. The study showed that the efficacy of the compounds was significantly improved when they were used together. This synergistic effect led to an increased mortality in female rats that had been treated with both compounds compared to both a control group and groups of rats that had received the compounds singly. An unexpected result from this work was that cholecalciferol when given on its own to rats caused a decrease in plasma factor X concentration. /The researchers/ hypothesize that this effect was due to a vitamin D-induced increase in production of vitamin K-dependent proteins leading to a saturation of the carboxylation process and hence to a significant number of factor X molecules being under-carboxylated and therefore dysfunctional. It is suggested that the reduction in factor X levels is a major component of the increased efficacy of the anticoagulant/calciferol mixture and also that effects on other vitamin K-dependent proteins, e.g. matrix GLA protein, may play a role in the increased mortality seen in female rats.

Coumatetralyl was admin orally to produce fatal hemorrhage in 32 adult dogs. Dogs used as control group received only lactose. Treated dogs were divided into 4 groups & medicated with vitamin K: group 1, 3 mg/kg first day, 1 mg/kg/day for 5 days; group 2, 3 mg/kg first day only; group 3, 1 mg/kg/day for 6 days; group 4, as control only saline 0.3 ml/kg/day. Mortality rate was 12.5%, 25.0%, 62.5%, and 100%, respectively.

Vitamin K1. ... For suicidal ingestions with large amounts taken, if there is uncertainty about the amount of bait ingested or the general health of the patient, phytonadione (vitamin K1) given orally protects against the anticoagulant effect of these rodenticides, with essentially no risk to the patient. In accidental ingestions with healthy children involving only a taste or single swallow, no medical treatment is required, but children should be observed for bleeding and bruising. If a larger amount may have been ingested, prothrombin time (PT) should be monitored at 24 and 48 hours, with phytonadione therapy initiated for elevated PT or clinical signs of bleeding. CAUTION: Phytonadione, specificaly, is required. Neither vitamin K3 (menadione, Hykinone) nor vitamin K4 (menadiol) is an antidote for these anticoagulants. /Coumarins and Indandiones/

Gastrointestinal decontamination. If large amounts of anticoagulant have been ingested within several hours prior to treatment, consider gastric decontamination procedures ... . /Coumarins and Indandiones/

Determine prothrombin time. If anticoagulant has been ingested any time in the preceding 15 days, determination of the prothrombin time (PT) provides a basis for judging the severity of poisoning. Patients who ingest large amounts, particularly of the superwarfarin compounds, will likely have a very prolonged period of decreased prothrombin activity. Patients may need to be treated for as long as 3 or 4 months. If the PT is significantly lengthened, give Aquamephyton intramuscularly. ... /Coumarins and Indandiones/

Caution: Adverse reactions, some fatal, have occurred from intravenous phytonadione injections, even when recommended dosage limits and injection rates were observed. For this reason, the intravenous route should be used only in cases of severe poisoning. Flushing, dizziness, hypotension, dyspnea, and cyanosis have characterized adverse reactions. Antidotal therapy in cases of severe bleeding should be supplemented with transfusion of fresh blood or plasma. Use of fresh blood or plasma represents the most rapidly effective method of stopping hemorrhage due to these anticoagulants, but the effect may not endure. Therefore, the transfusions should be given along with phytonadione therapy. Determine prothrombin time (PT) and hemoglobin concentrations every 6-12 hours to assess effectiveness of antihemorrhagic measures. When normal blood coagulation is restored, it may be advisable to drain large hemotomata. Ferrous sulfate therapy may be appropriate in the recuperative period to rebuild lost erythrocyte mass. /Coumarins and Indandiones/

For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for COUMATETRALYL (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/CASE REPORTS/ A healthy man in his 40s presented with a 1-month history of haemoptysis and was unexpectedly found to have an elevated international normalised ratio (INR). He denied any known exposures to anticoagulants. Testing for the possible aetiologies of a high INR revealed coumarin poisoning with coumatetralyl as the cause. The approach to an elevated INR and management and diagnosis of suspected coumarin poisoning is reviewed.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Lactating female albino rats have been treated with coumatetralyl rodenticide. The lethal effect on mothers was of 40% (using a maximum concentration of toxic substance) while it was of 54% in offsprings.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A case study in which pigs were poisoned by coumatetralyl was examined. A total of 18 piglets were first noticed to have pale skin at 2 weeks of age, and 5 died within the next 2 weeks. Another 14 pigs about 10 weeks old turned pale; some were lame and hemorrhaged from the nose and eyes. Eventually 10 of these pigs died. One of the mothers also showed these symptoms but eventually recovered without treatment. Postmortems of three pigs showed severe hemorrhage and edema with hematomas in the lumbar region and hemorrhage into the pleural cavity of one animal. Over an 8 week period, approximately 2 kilograms of the 0.8 percent coumatetralyl commercial powder had been spread along ledges both in the feeding mixing shed and in the two pens containing affected pigs. Experimental pigs were given 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, or 1.00 milligram (mg) coumatetralyl per kilogram (kg) body weight and observed to see if symptoms were similar to those observed in poisoned pigs. Vitamin-K1 therapy was used and its effectiveness as an antidote was evaluated. Lameness was noted in pigs between 3 and 6 days after starting treatment, and the main source of external hemorrhage was from the hole punched for the eartag; this was seen soon after lameness. Difficulty in rising or paralysis often preceded death. Predominant postmortem findings in pigs which died were subcutaneous and interstitial hemorrhages, with edema of the skeletal musculature. The heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, and skeletal musculature showed no evidence of hemorrhage. A single dose of 1.5 to 2.5 mg/kg vitamin-K1 was effective in curing pigs.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Cmpd acts as an anticoagulant and causes internal hemorrhages. /rats, oral/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In warfarin-resistant rats coumatetralyl (0.5 mg/100 g, ip) blocked prothrombin formation and almost completely blocked reformation of vitamin K1 from its epoxide; warfarin had no effect at the same dose level.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for COUMATETRALYL (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50; Species: Guppy; Concentration: about 1,000 mg/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: /Oncorhynchus mykiss/ (Rainbow trout); Concentration: 48 mg/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: Golden orfe; Concentration: 67 mg/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LD50; Species: Japanese quail oral >2,000 mg/kg bw /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: Hen oral >50 mg/kg/day for 8 days

Although not currently used in the US, coumatetralyl's production and use as a rodenticide may have result in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 6.38X10-11 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates coumatetralyl will exist solely in the particulate phase in the atmosphere. Particulate-phase coumatetralyl will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. Coumatetralyl contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, coumatetralyl is expected to have slight mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 3900. The pKa of coumatetralyl is 4.75, indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization of the neural form from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole. Volatilization of the anion form from moist soil is not expected because anions do not volatilize. Coumatetralyl is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, coumatetralyl is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant and pKa. An estimated BCF of 285 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process based on experimental data. Coumatetralyl was rapidly decomposed in aqueous solutions which were exposed to sunlight or UV with a half-life of about 1 hour, suggesting a potential for direct photolysis. Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since coumatetralyl is no longer produced or used in the US. (SRC)

Coumarin and its derivatives are synthesized by plants in nearly all families(1). /Coumarin/

Although not currently used in the US(1), coumatetralyl's production and use as a rodenticide(2) may have result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3900(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that coumatetralyl is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of coumatetralyl is 4.75(3), indicating that this compound will exist partially in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of coumatetralyl from moist soil surfaces of the neutral form is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6.38X10-11 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 425 mg/L(3). Volatilization from moist soil of the anion form is not expected because anions do not volatilize(SRC). Coumatetralyl is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2013).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3900(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that coumatetralyl is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral form from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6.38X10-11 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 425 mg/L(4). A pKa of 4.75(4) indicates coumatetralyl will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization of the ion form from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 285(SRC), from its log Kow of 3.46(4) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Coumatetralyl is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment based on a 5 day experiment(4). Coumatetralyl was rapidly decomposed in aqueous solutions which were exposed to sunlight or UV with a half-life of about 1 hour(4). Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2013).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), coumatetralyl, which has a vapor pressure of 6.38X10-11 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase coumatetralyl may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Coumatetralyl contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Coumatetralyl contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(1) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Coumatetralyl was not hydrolyzed by water after 5 days at 25 °C(2). The compound was rapidly decomposed in aqueous solutions which were exposed to sunlight or UV with a half-life of about 1 hour(2).

An estimated BCF of 285 was calculated in fish for coumatetralyl(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.46(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). [

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of coumatetralyl can be estimated to be 3900(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that coumatetralyl is expected to have slight mobility in soil. The pKa of coumatetralyl is 4.75(3), indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

A pKa of 4.75(1) indicates coumatetralyl will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces of the ionized form is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). The Henry's Law constant for coumatetralyl is estimated as 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 6.38X10-11 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 425 mg/L(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that neutral coumatetralyl is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). Coumatetralyl's is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

Plants containing coumarin(1). /Coumarin/[Table#3503]

Coumatetralyl was not detected (detection limit <0.08 ug/g) in the liver of 11 common buzzards, 4 kestrel falcon, 5 tawny owl, 15 mallard, 13 black coot, or 1 common moorhen; but was detected in 1 of 10 barn-owl at 0.64 ug/g(1). The raptors and water birds were collected in 2003 from Loire Atlantique, France(1). Coumatetralyl was not detected (detection limit <0.02 mg/kg) in the livers of 20 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) from the upper Loire River catchment, France(2). Coumatetralyl was detected in 6 of 40 stoats (Mustela erminea) at 0.0046-0.0097 mg/kg and in 3 of 10 weasels (Mustela nivalis) at 0.0085-0.06 mg/kg; animals were collected from central and eastern England from Aug 1996 to Mar 1997(3).

Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since coumatetralyl is no longer produced or used in the US. (SRC)

LC50; Species: Guppy; Concentration: about 1,000 mg/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: /Oncorhynchus mykiss/ (Rainbow trout); Concentration: 48 mg/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: Golden orfe; Concentration: 67 mg/L for 96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LD50; Species: Japanese quail oral >2,000 mg/kg bw /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50; Species: Hen oral >50 mg/kg/day for 8 days

Although not currently used in the US, coumatetralyl's production and use as a rodenticide may have result in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 6.38X10-11 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates coumatetralyl will exist solely in the particulate phase in the atmosphere. Particulate-phase coumatetralyl will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. Coumatetralyl contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, coumatetralyl is expected to have slight mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 3900. The pKa of coumatetralyl is 4.75, indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization of the neural form from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole. Volatilization of the anion form from moist soil is not expected because anions do not volatilize. Coumatetralyl is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, coumatetralyl is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant and pKa. An estimated BCF of 285 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process based on experimental data. Coumatetralyl was rapidly decomposed in aqueous solutions which were exposed to sunlight or UV with a half-life of about 1 hour, suggesting a potential for direct photolysis. Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since coumatetralyl is no longer produced or used in the US. (SRC)

Coumarin and its derivatives are synthesized by plants in nearly all families(1). /Coumarin/

Although not currently used in the US(1), coumatetralyl's production and use as a rodenticide(2) may have result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3900(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that coumatetralyl is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of coumatetralyl is 4.75(3), indicating that this compound will exist partially in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of coumatetralyl from moist soil surfaces of the neutral form is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6.38X10-11 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 425 mg/L(3). Volatilization from moist soil of the anion form is not expected because anions do not volatilize(SRC). Coumatetralyl is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2013).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3900(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that coumatetralyl is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral form from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6.38X10-11 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 425 mg/L(4). A pKa of 4.75(4) indicates coumatetralyl will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization of the ion form from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 285(SRC), from its log Kow of 3.46(4) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Coumatetralyl is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment based on a 5 day experiment(4). Coumatetralyl was rapidly decomposed in aqueous solutions which were exposed to sunlight or UV with a half-life of about 1 hour(4). Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2013).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), coumatetralyl, which has a vapor pressure of 6.38X10-11 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase coumatetralyl may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Coumatetralyl contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Coumatetralyl contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(1) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Coumatetralyl was not hydrolyzed by water after 5 days at 25 °C(2). The compound was rapidly decomposed in aqueous solutions which were exposed to sunlight or UV with a half-life of about 1 hour(2).

An estimated BCF of 285 was calculated in fish for coumatetralyl(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.46(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). [

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of coumatetralyl can be estimated to be 3900(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that coumatetralyl is expected to have slight mobility in soil. The pKa of coumatetralyl is 4.75(3), indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

A pKa of 4.75(1) indicates coumatetralyl will exist partially in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces of the ionized form is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). The Henry's Law constant for coumatetralyl is estimated as 5.8X10-14 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 6.38X10-11 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 425 mg/L(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that neutral coumatetralyl is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). Coumatetralyl's is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

Plants containing coumarin(1). /Coumarin/[Table#3503]

Coumatetralyl was not detected (detection limit <0.08 ug/g) in the liver of 11 common buzzards, 4 kestrel falcon, 5 tawny owl, 15 mallard, 13 black coot, or 1 common moorhen; but was detected in 1 of 10 barn-owl at 0.64 ug/g(1). The raptors and water birds were collected in 2003 from Loire Atlantique, France(1). Coumatetralyl was not detected (detection limit <0.02 mg/kg) in the livers of 20 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) from the upper Loire River catchment, France(2). Coumatetralyl was detected in 6 of 40 stoats (Mustela erminea) at 0.0046-0.0097 mg/kg and in 3 of 10 weasels (Mustela nivalis) at 0.0085-0.06 mg/kg; animals were collected from central and eastern England from Aug 1996 to Mar 1997(3).

Occupational exposure and general population exposure should be low or non-existent since coumatetralyl is no longer produced or used in the US. (SRC)

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Incineration: 1) Stuff a package with paper or flammable materials. Burn in the furnace. 2) Dissolve in a combustible solvent. Burn in the furnace by spraying the soln.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Coumarin derivative pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for COUMATETRALYL (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 3024; Coumarin derivative pesticides, liquid, flammable, toxic, flashpoint less than 23 °C

UN 3025; Coumarin derivative pesticides, liquid, toxic, flammable, flashpoint not less than 23 °C

UN 3026; Coumarin derivative pesticides, liquid, toxic

UN 3027; Coumarin derivative pesticides, solid, toxic

For more Shipping Name/ Number DOT/UN/NA/IMO (Complete) data for COUMATETRALYL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.