allylacetate

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (100%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H319 (91.5%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (89.4%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P317, P320, P321, P330, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 47 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

P260, P262, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: Wash skin with soap and water. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. (ERG, 2024)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Small Spill

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

...VAPOR SHOULD BE PREVENTED FROM ESCAPING...INTO WORKROOM BY...EXHAUST VENTILATION. WHEN PROCESSES CANNOT BE ENCLOSED, EXHAUST...HOODS SHOULD BE FITTED TO TRAP & EXTRACT ESCAPING VAPOR BEFORE IT CAN DIFFUSE INTO WORKROOM ATMOSPHERE. /ALLYL ALCOHOL/

PRECAUTIONS MUST BE ADOPTED...TO EXCLUDE OPEN LIGHTS OR ANY AGENCIES CAPABLE OF IGNITING VAPOR WHEN LIQUID IS BEING HANDLED IN A WARM WORKROOM. /ALLYL ALCOHOL/

TO PREVENT THE LIQUID OR VAPOR FROM COMING INTO CONTACT WITH THE WORKERS, PROCESSES IN WHICH ALLYL ALCOHOL IS PRESENT SHOULD...BE CONDUCTED IN ENCLOSED PLANT. /ALLYL ALCOHOL/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ACETIC ACID, ALLYL ESTER (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

STORAGE TANKS OUTSIDE BUILDING SHOULD BE BUNDED /SRP: DIKED/ TO PREVENT SPREAD OF ACCIDENTALLY ESCAPING LIQUID, & A RAMPED SILL SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED AT DOORWAYS OF STOREROOMS TO RETAIN FLAMMABLE LIQUID THAT MAY ESCAPE FROM STORAGE VESSELS INSIDE. /ALLYL ALCOHOL/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

0.42 [ppm]

4.6 [ppm]

28 [ppm]

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2024)

WORKERS WHO...HANDLE ALLYL ALCOHOL, OR WHO MAY BE LIABLE TO...EXPOSURE...SHOULD WEAR...PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT APPROPRIATE TO EXTENT OF... EXPOSURE. ...EYE PROTECTION SHOULD BE PROVIDED /WHEN NECESSARY/. /ALLYL ALCOHOL/

Allyl acetate appears as a liquid. Insoluble in water and slightly less dense than water. Hence floats on water. Poisonous by ingestion and moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact. Irritating to skin and eyes.

Colorless liquid; [HSDB]

COLORLESS LIQUID

ACRID AT HIGH LEVELS

SOUR, CARAMELLIC, WITH SWEET AFTERTASTE, ACRID AT HIGH LEVELS

103.5 °C

103 °C @760 [mm Hg]

Freezing point: -96 °C

72 °F (NFPA, 2010)

Soluble in acetone; miscible in ethanol and ethyl ether.

2.8% in water at 20 °C

0.9275 g/cu cm at 20 °C

0.928 @ 20°C

3.45 (AIR= 1)

27.2 [mmHg]

27.2 mm Hg at 20 °C /from experimentally-derived coefficients/

28 [mm Hg] @20 °C

log Kow = 0.97

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

0.52 cP at 20 °C

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.4049 AT 20 °C/D

CONVERSION FACTORS: 1 MG/L IS EQUIVALENT TO 245 PPM

CONVERSION FACTORS (WT/VOL): 4.14 MG/CU M IS EQUIVALENT TO 1 PPM

Diamagnetic susceptibility

Magnetic susceptibility

Optical coefficient

Refractive index

Surface tension

Thermal expansion coefficient

Other Classes -> Esters, Other

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Highly Flammable

ALLYL ACETATE is an ester. Reacts with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Generates heat with strong oxidizing acids. The reaction may be sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Also generates heat with basic solutions. Generates flammable hydrogen with alkali metals and hydrides. Emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes when heated to decomposition.

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

LC50 (rat) = 1,000 ppm/1h

LD50 Rat oral 0.142 g/kg

125 MG/KG TRIORTHOTOLYL PHOSPHATE PRETREATMENT SIGNIFICANTLY INHIBITED RISE IN PLASMA ALANINE-ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE TRANSAMINASE ACTIVITY & PREVENTED CHANGES IN LIVER MORPHOLOGY PRODUCED BY 60-150 MG/KG ALLYL ACETATE ADMIN ORALLY TO RATS 18 HR AFTER PRETREATMENT.

O.5 TO 10 MG/KG PRETREATMENT WITH THE DEFOLIANT, S,S,S-TRIBUTYLPHOSPHOROTRITHIOATE (DEF) PROTECTED AGAINST HEPATOTOXICITY OF 60 MG/KG ALLYL ACETATE ADMIN ORALLY TO RATS 18 HR LATER.

PRETREATMENT OF RATS WITH 375 MG/KG PYRAZOLE, AN INHIBITOR OF ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE, COMPLETELY PREVENTED THE ELEVATION OF PLASMA ALANINE-ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE TRANSAMINASE (AKT) ACTIVITY AFTER 90 MG/KG ALLYL ACETATE ADMIN.

VAPOR & LIQ...IRRITATING TO SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANE. PRODUCES LACRIMATION & CORNEAL BURNS. LIQ MAY PRODUCE FIRST OR SECOND DEGREE BURNS WITH BLISTERING & SUPERFICIAL NECROSIS. ... INHALED VAPOR MAY LEAD TO PULMONARY EDEMA... /ALLYL ALCOHOL/

ALLYL ACETATE...IS HIGHLY IRRITANT & TOXIC BY INHALATION, INGESTION, EYE, & DERMAL CONTACT.

IT HAS BEEN OBSERVED THAT UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC ESTERS /WHICH INCLUDE THE ALLYL ESTER OF ACETIC ACID/ EXHIBIT IRRITANT AND LACRIMATORY PROPERTIES...

ALLYL ACETATE CAUSES SLIGHT SKIN IRRITATION AND MODERATE EYE EFFECT IN RABBITS. /FROM TABLE/

ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS IS A NECESSARY STEP IN ACTIVATION OF ALLYL ACETATE TO HEPATOTOXINS FROM ORAL ADMIN OF 60-150 MG/KG TO RATS.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=591-87-7]

Allyl acetate's use in the production of allyl alcohol may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates allyl acetate will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl acetate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. If released to soil, allyl acetate is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 80. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to occur based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. Allyl acetate's vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates a potential for volatilization from dry soil surfaces. If released into water, allyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon the estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 9.8 hours and 6.0 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 1.1 years and 41 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively, indicate hydrolysis is expected to be a slow process. In general, acetates are expected to be readily biodegradable. Occupational exposure to allyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl acetate is used. (SRC)

Allyl acetate's use in the production of allyl alcohol(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.97(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allyl acetate is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of allyl acetate from moist soil surfaces may be important(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 27.2 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 2.8X10+4 mg/l(5). The potential for volatilization of allyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on this compound's vapor pressure(4). In general, acetates are expected to be readily biodegradable(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.97(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 27.2 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 2.8X10+4 mg/l(5). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 9.8 hours and 6.0 days, respectively(3). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3.2(3,SRC), from a log Kow(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 1.1 years and 41 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(7), indicate hydrolysis is expected to be a slow process(SRC). In general, acetates are expected to be readily biodegradable(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), allyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours(SRC) from the estimated rate constant(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 14 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). An average alkaline second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 0.194 L/mol-sec was determined for allyl acetate at 30 °C(2); this rate constant corresponds to half-lives of 1.1 years and 41 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3.2 was calculated for allyl acetate(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.97(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Koc of allyl acetate is estimated as approximately 80(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.97(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that allyl acetate is expected to have high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for allyl acetate is estimated as 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole at 20 °C(SRC) from its vapor pressure, 27.2 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 2.8X10+4 mg/l(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that allyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is approximately 9.8 hours(SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is approximately 6.0 days(SRC). Allyl acetate's Henry's Law constant(1,2) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of allyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg(1).

SOURCE DOMINATED: Allyl acetate was identified in ambient air samples collected near the Kin-Buc chemical waste disposal site in Edison, NJ in 1976 at an estimated concentration of 31 ug/cu m(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 4,280 workers (1,700 of these are female) are potentially exposed to allyl acetate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to allyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl acetate is used(SRC).

Allyl acetate was identified in approx 40% of the expired air samples collected from an urban population of 28 normal, healthy, non-smoking human subjects(1). It was detected in 36.9% of 387 expired air samples collected from 54 normal, healthy, non-smoking human subjects at a geometric mean concentration of 0.296 ng/l(2).

Allyl acetate's use in the production of allyl alcohol may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates allyl acetate will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl acetate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours. If released to soil, allyl acetate is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 80. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to occur based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. Allyl acetate's vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates a potential for volatilization from dry soil surfaces. If released into water, allyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon the estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 9.8 hours and 6.0 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3.2 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 1.1 years and 41 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively, indicate hydrolysis is expected to be a slow process. In general, acetates are expected to be readily biodegradable. Occupational exposure to allyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl acetate is used. (SRC)

Allyl acetate's use in the production of allyl alcohol(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.97(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allyl acetate is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of allyl acetate from moist soil surfaces may be important(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 27.2 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 2.8X10+4 mg/l(5). The potential for volatilization of allyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on this compound's vapor pressure(4). In general, acetates are expected to be readily biodegradable(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.97(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that allyl acetate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 27.2 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 2.8X10+4 mg/l(5). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 9.8 hours and 6.0 days, respectively(3). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3.2(3,SRC), from a log Kow(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 1.1 years and 41 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(7), indicate hydrolysis is expected to be a slow process(SRC). In general, acetates are expected to be readily biodegradable(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), allyl acetate, which has a vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase allyl acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours(SRC) from the estimated rate constant(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of allyl acetate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 14 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). An average alkaline second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 0.194 L/mol-sec was determined for allyl acetate at 30 °C(2); this rate constant corresponds to half-lives of 1.1 years and 41 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3.2 was calculated for allyl acetate(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.97(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Koc of allyl acetate is estimated as approximately 80(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.97(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that allyl acetate is expected to have high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for allyl acetate is estimated as 1.3X10-4 atm-cu m/mole at 20 °C(SRC) from its vapor pressure, 27.2 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 2.8X10+4 mg/l(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that allyl acetate is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is approximately 9.8 hours(SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is approximately 6.0 days(SRC). Allyl acetate's Henry's Law constant(1,2) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of allyl acetate from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 27.2 mm Hg(1).

SOURCE DOMINATED: Allyl acetate was identified in ambient air samples collected near the Kin-Buc chemical waste disposal site in Edison, NJ in 1976 at an estimated concentration of 31 ug/cu m(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 4,280 workers (1,700 of these are female) are potentially exposed to allyl acetate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to allyl acetate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where allyl acetate is used(SRC).

Allyl acetate was identified in approx 40% of the expired air samples collected from an urban population of 28 normal, healthy, non-smoking human subjects(1). It was detected in 36.9% of 387 expired air samples collected from 54 normal, healthy, non-smoking human subjects at a geometric mean concentration of 0.296 ng/l(2).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ACETIC ACID, ALLYL ESTER (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2333; Allyl acetate

IMO 3.2; Allyl acetate

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid Poison