dieldrin

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H372 **: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H300 (15.8%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H301 (84.2%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310 (100%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H330 (15.8%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H351 (100%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H372 (100%): Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H400 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 38 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Rest. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs. However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested. Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Soap wash immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Absorb spills with paper towels.

Environmental conditions: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill motion. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Survey reports six case histories employing EPA's hazardous materials spills treatment trailer are reviewed. The trailer's ... treatment system has three mixed-media filters and three activated carbon columns to remove suspended, precipitated, and organic soluble materials. Spills of PCB, pentachlorophenol, kepone, termide (chlordane), heptachlor, aldrin, and dieldrin, toxaphene, and dinitrobutylphenol were treated by the EPA trailer, which was generally successful in mitigating environmental effects by filtering and carbon-adsorption. 90% removal was achieved for 21 of 23 compounds.

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P037, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Incineration (1500 °F, 0.5 second minimum for primary combustion; 3200 °F, 1.0 second for secondary combustion) with adequate scrubbing and ash disposal facilities.

A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids.

Dieldrin (15% emulsifiable concentrate and 72% chlordane emulsfiable concentrates. Mixed 1:3 ratio) /placed into a/ liquid injection incinerator with a temperature range of 877-1038 °C and residence time of 0.153-1.71 sec with 45.8-51% excess air produced a destruction efficiency of >99.98%.

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (20 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Provide adequate ventilation.

Employees should wash immediately when skin is wet or contaminated. Working clothing should be changed daily if it is possible that clothing is contaminated. Remove nonimpervious clothing immediately if wet or contaminated. Provide emergency showers and eyewash.

Remove contaminated ... shoes. Flush affected areas with plenty of water.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (21 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. For solids, prevent dust cloud and avoid inhalation of dust. (ERG, 2024)

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Storage temp: ambient; venting: open (flame arrester) (for liquid form)

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

0.25 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

0.50 [mg/m3]

4.5 [mg/m3]

27 [mg/m3]

Ca TWA 0.25 mg/m3 [skin] See Appendix A

0.25 [mg/m3]

TWA 0.25 mg/m3 [skin]

50 mg/m3 ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024)

50.0 [mg/m3]

50 mg/cu m; NIOSH has recommended that dieldrin be treated as a potential human carcinogen.

Ca [50 mg/m3]

See: 60571

0.1 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction and vapor

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.25 mg/cu m, skin

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

0.1 mg/m

(inhalable fraction): 0.25 mg/m

Intermediate Oral: 0.0001 mg/kg/day (L134)

Chronic Oral: 0.00005 mg/kg/day (L134)

Other recommendations: USSR (1977), Bulgaria (1971), Hungary (1974) and Poland (1976) 0.01 mg/cu m; Romania (1975) 0.2 mg/cu m

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly on spraying.

The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. This may result in convulsions. Medical observation is indicated.

Cumulative effects are possible. See Acute Hazards/Symptoms.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Dieldrin:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin:

• WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

• DAILY - The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift, and prior to eating, drinking, smoking, etc.

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: DAILY - Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.

Provide:

• EYEWASH - Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

• QUICK DRENCH - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2024)

Wear rubber gloves, air breathing apparatus, and overalls.

Goggles or face shield.

When opening containers, mixing, or applying the product, wear protective rubber or polyvinyl chloride gloves, rubber boots, and clean overalls. Wear dust mask when handling dust concentrates.

Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles.

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Dieldrin is a light-tan flaked solid. It is insoluble in water. It is toxic by inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion. It can penetrate intact skin. It is used as an insecticide.

Colorless to light-tan crystals with a mild, chemical odor. [insecticide]; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS CRYSTALS.

Colorless to light-tan crystals with a mild, chemical odor. [insecticide]

COLORLESS CRYSTALS

Light-tan, flaked solid

White, crystalline substance

Colorless to light-tan crystals.

Mild, chemical odor.

Decomposes (NIOSH, 2024)

Decomposes

349 to 351 °F (NTP, 1992)

175.5 °C

175-176 °C

less than 1 mg/mL at 75 °F (NTP, 1992)

SLIGHTLY SOL IN MINERAL OILS, MODERATELY SOL IN ACETONE

Soluble in aromatic solvents; moderately soluble in acetone

Insol in methanol, aliphatic hydrocarbons; soluble in benzene

48 g/100 ml ethylene dichloride at 20 °C

For more Solubility (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Solubility in water: none

1.75 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.7 g/cm³

1.75 @25 °C

13.2 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

13.2 (Air=1)

3.1e-06 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)

0.00000589 [mmHg]

Vapor pressure at 20 °C: 3.1X10-6 mm Hg

5.89X10-6 mm Hg @ 25 °C

Vapor pressure, Pa at 20 °C: 0.0004

(77 °F): 8 x 10-7 mmHg

log Kow= 5.40

STABLE TO LIGHT

Resistant to moisture and alkalis.

Stable to ... mild acids.

Stable to alkalis ..., but sensitive to concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts, acid oxidizing agents, and active metals.

When heated to decomposition, emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride/.

Slightly corrosive to metals

0.041 ppm

Insoluble in water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Epoxides

DIELDRIN is sensitive to mineral acids, acid catalysts, acid oxidizing agents and active metals. It reacts with phenols. This compound is also slightly corrosive to metals. It may react vigorously with strong oxidizers such as chlorine and permanganates and strong acids such as sulfuric or nitric. (NTP, 1992)

Strong oxidizers, active metals such as sodium, strong acids, phenols.

/Dieldrin/ reacts with concentrated mineral acids, acid catalysts.

Strong oxidizers, active metals such as sodium, strong acids, phenols

Dieldrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions. Dieldrin also inhibits Na+ K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the CNS. This results in hyperexcitation and generalized seizures. Dieldrin also binds to alpha-synuclein, leading to the formation of intracellular fibrils. (T10, L87)

Dieldrin

5 x 10 ^-5 mg/kg-day

Pesticide

0.002−0.2

Smith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP

Cancer Classification: Group B2 Probable Human Carcinogen

CLASSIFICATION: B2; probable human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Dieldrin is carcinogenic in seven strains of mice when administered orally. Dieldrin is structurally related to compounds (aldrin, chlordane, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, and chlorendic acid) which produce tumors in rodents. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient.

Inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Limited evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. OVERALL EVALUATION: Group 3: The agent is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.

Within the framework of EPA's Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, it is proposed that the most appropriate cancer risk descriptor for aldrin/dieldrin, relating to the mouse liver tumor response, is 'not likely a human carcinogen', a descriptor consistent with the example of phenobarbital cited by EPA.

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

TR-022: Bioassay of Dieldrin for Possible Carcinogenicity (CASRN 60-57-1) (1978 )

11/28/77

No Evidence

Chemical Not Tested in Species/Sex

Dieldrin is a chlorinated cyclodiene pesticide. It is also a metabolic conversion product of aldrin, another pesticide, and can be expected to appear in the environment following the use of either chemical. Dieldrin was first introduced in the 1950's for use by cotton growers when the chemical was found to be more effective than aldrin, and later, was used as an insecticide for other crops, for public health pest control, and for mothproofing woolen goods.A bioassay of purified technical-grade dieldrin for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by administering the test chemical in feed to Fischer 344 rats.Groups of 24 rats of each sex were administered dieldrin at one of three doses, either 2, 10, or 50 ppm, for 104-105 weeks. Matched controls consisted of groups of 24 untreated rats of each sex. All surviving rats were killed at 104-105 weeks.Body weights of the rats were essentially unaffected by the treatment, but typical signs of organochlorine intoxication including hyperexcitability, tremors, and coma were observed in high-dose males beginning in week 76 and in high-dose females beginning in week 80. Survival was not adversely affected, and adequate numbers of rats were available for meaningful statistical analyses of the incidences of tumors.A variety of neoplasms occurred in control and treated rats; however, the incidences were not related to treatment.It is concluded that under the conditions of this bioassay, dieldrin was not carcinogenic in Fischer 344 rats.

TR-021: Bioassays of Aldrin and Dieldrin for Possible Carcinogenicity (CASRN 309-00-2) (CASRN 60-57-1) (1978 )

09/26/77

Equivocal Evidence

It is concluded that under the conditions of these bioassays, none of the tumors occurring in Osborne-Mendel rats treated with aldrin or dieldrin could clearly be associated treatment.

3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)

Dieldrin is a neurotoxin and works by overstimulating the central nervous system. Ingestion of large amounts of dieldrin causes convulsions and death. However, chronic exposure to lower amounts of dieldrin also has adverse effects because dieldrin accumulates in the body. Dieldrin is known to damage the nervous system, liver, and immune system. (L87)

The substance can be absorbed into the body through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Oral (L87) ; inhalation (L87) ; dermal (L87)

See Ingestion.

MAY BE ABSORBED! See Ingestion.

Convulsions. Dizziness. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Muscle twitching.

headache, dizziness; nausea, vomiting, malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), sweating; myoclonic limb jerks; clonic, tonic convulsions; coma; ; In Animals: liver, kidney damage [potential occupational carcinogen]

Exposure to dieldrin results in headaches, dizziness, irritability, nausea and vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias, muscular weakness, uncontrolled muscle movements, hyperexcitability, seizures and coma. (L87)

central nervous system, liver, kidneys, skin

[in animals: lung, liver, thyroid & adrenal gland tumors]

Chemical: DIELDRIN

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Hemolytic anemia - Decreased hemoglobin or number of red blood cells.

Other Poison - Organochlorine

Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 2: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as probable (2a), or possible (2b) human carcinogens.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Confirmed Animal.

FAO/WHO ADI: 0.0001 mg/kg /Aldrin, dieldrin/

LC50 Tubifex & Limnodrilus (mixed cultures) 6700 ug/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Cypretta kawati (ostracod) 185 ug/l/24 hr; 12.3 ug/l/72 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Chironomus tentans 0.9 ug/l/24 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Pseudacris triseriata (frog, tadpoles) 100 ug/l/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (35 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

3.40e-02

1.40e-01

6.10e-04

2.70e-03

1.80e-03

5.00e+00

1.60e+01

4.60e-03

Volatile

3.40e+00

1.40e+01

6.10e-02

2.70e-01

1.80e-01

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to bees and birds. Bioaccumulation of this chemical may occur in aquatic organisms. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment because it is persistent. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. Avoid release to the environment in circumstances different to normal use.

Dieldrin's former production and use as an insecticide resulted in its direct release to the environment. Dieldrin is also a degradation product of the insecticide aldrin, and the former use of aldrin has contributed to the occurrence of dieldrin in the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 5.89X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates dieldrin will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dieldrin will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. The half-life for the reaction with hydroxyl radicals in air is estimated to be 42 hours. Dieldrin also undergoes direct photolysis in the environment yielding photodieldrin as the primary degradation product. Particulate-phase dieldrin will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. If released to soil, dieldrin is expected to have low to no mobility based upon Koc values of 1,957 to 23,310 measured in soil and sediment. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole; however adsorption may attenuate this process. Dieldrin was volatilized 90 percent in 30 days when applied to vegetation and 20 percent in 50 days when applied to a moist soil surface. Approximately 3.6 percent dieldrin was volatilized in 167 days when incorporated in a soil at a depth of 7.5 cm. Dieldrin degrades slowly in soil surfaces with a reported half-life of about 7 years in field studies. If released into water, dieldrin is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based upon the Koc data. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 7 years when adsorption is considered. The hydrolysis half-life of dieldrin has been reported as greater than 4 years. BCF values of 3,300 to 14,500, measured in fish, suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high. Although dieldrin is no longer registered for agricultural use in the US, the general population continues to be exposed to this compound due to its long persistence time. Oral ingestion of food is the primary source of exposure for the general population. Ingestion of contaminated drinking water, inhalation of contaminated air and dermal contact with contaminated soil surfaces are also possible routes of human exposure. (SRC)

Dieldrin's former production and use as an insecticide(1) resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC). Dieldrin is also a degradation product of the insecticide aldrin(2), and the former use of this insecticide has contributed to the occurrence of dieldrin in the environment(SRC).

. SORPTION ISOTHERMS OF DIELDRIN ON SEVERAL FRACTIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENT DETERMINED @ SEVERAL SALINITIES. ORG MATTER CONTENT MAJOR FACTOR DETERMINING SORPTION COEFFICIENT. EFFECT OF SORPTION ON LETHALITY STUDIED.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values in the range of 1,957 to 23,310 measured in soil and sediment(2,3) indicates that dieldrin is expected to have low to no mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dieldrin from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(4); however, adsorption may attenuate this process(SRC). Dieldrin was volatilized 90 percent in 30 days when applied to vegetation and 20 percent in 50 days when applied to a moist soil surface(5). Approximately 3.6 percent dieldrin was volatilized in 167 days when incorporated in a soil at a depth of 7.5 cm(5). Dieldrin degrades slowly in soil surfaces with a reported half-life of about 7 years in field studies(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value of 1,957, in creek sediment(2), indicates that dieldrin is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(4). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column(SRC). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5 and 60 days, respectively if adsorption is neglected(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model pond is estimated as 7 years if adsorption is considered(5). The hydrolysis half-life of dieldrin has been reported as greater than 4 years(6). Dieldrin was not biodegraded in standard screening tests using domestic wastewater during a 28 day incubation period(7). According to a classification scheme(8), BCF values of 3,300 to 14,500 measured in fish(9-11) suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dieldrin, which has a vapor pressure of 5.89X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dieldrin is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC). The half-life for the reaction in air with hydroxyl radicals is estimated to be 42 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 9.2X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3) determined using a structure estimation method(3). Dieldrin was decomposed to photodieldrin approximately 2.8-6.0 percent when irradiated with light greater than 300 nm for 91 hours(4). Particulate phase dieldrin is removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

Dieldrin was not biodegraded in standard screening tests using domestic wastewater during a 28 day incubation period(1) and is extremely persistent in soils(2) under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions(3). It took 7 yr for half of the dieldrin to disappear from soil field plots(4). No biodegradation in river waters has been noted(5,7). There is some evidence that microorganisms can form photodieldrin from dieldrin(4,6). Dieldrin, present at 100 mg/l, reached 0 percent of its theoretical BOD in 2.5 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/l and the Japanese MITI test(8).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of dieldrin with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 9.2X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 42 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The hydrolysis half-life of dieldrin has been reported as greater than 4 years(2). Dieldrin was decomposed to photodieldrin approximately 2.8-6.0 percent when irradiated with light greater than 300 nm for 91 hours(3). In order to determine the potential for photodegradation to occur in the ambient atmosphere, the degradation of dieldrin was studied on thin film plates and exposed to environmental ultraviolet (UV) radiation (>290 nm)(4). Dieldrin had a photodegradative half-life of 153 hours and photodieldrin was observed as the only photoproduct(4).

BCF values of 4,860 to 14,500 were measured for carp exposed to 1 ug/l of dieldrin and BCF values of 5,390 to 12,500 were measured for carp exposed to 0.1 ug/l over a 10 week incubation period(1). A BCF value of 10,000 was reported for dieldrin in unspecified species of fish(2). A BCF value of 3,300 was reported for dieldrin in lake trout(3). According to a classification scheme(4), this BCF data suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high(SRC).

An average Koc value of 8,370 was determined for dieldrin in 7 soils(1). Koc values of 9,722 (organic top soil), 1,957 (creek sediment) and 23,310 (sandy loam) were determined for dieldrin(2). Dieldrin has a measured log Koc of 3.87(3) and an Rf value for soil thin layer chromatography of 0.00(3,5). According to a classification scheme(6), these measured Koc values suggest that dieldrin is expected to have low to no mobility in soil(SRC). Even with high temperatures and prolonged leaching dieldrin was shown to be immobile(4).

The Henry's Law constant for dieldrin has been measured as 1X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that dieldrin is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column(SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5 days if adsorption is neglected(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 60 days if adsorption is neglected(SRC). The volatilization from a model pond is about 7 years when adsorption is considered(3). Dieldrin's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur; however, adsorption may attenuate this process(SRC). Approximately 0.28 percent of the initially applied dieldrin was volatilized in 24 hours at 30 °C from a soil surface(4). Dieldrin was volatilized 90 percent in 30 days when applied to vegetation and 20 percent in 50 days when applied to a moist soil surface(5). Approximately 3.6 percent dieldrin was volatilized in 167 days when incorporated in a soil at a depth of 7.5 cm(5). In laboratory tests, dieldrin was volatilized 9 and 34 percent from a sandy loam and sand, respectively in 60 days(6).

DRINKING WATER: Dieldrin was detected in drinking water from Hawaii at an avg concn of 0.3 parts/trillion and in the Virgin Islands at 0.19 ppb(1). Dieldrin was detected in 3 drinking water plants in New Orleans at 0.05-0.07 ppb(2). Dieldrin was detected in drinking water of rural counties of SC at 0-153 parts/trillion(3). Dieldrin was detected in tapwater from Kafr El-Zayat, Egypt at a concn of 0.008 ppb(4).

GROUNDWATER: Nebraska, 1978 below detection limit (5 parts/trillion)(1). Dieldrin was detected in groundwater from NJ at a max concn of 0.9 ppb(2). Dieldrin was detected in groundwater from Kafr El-Zayat, Egypt at concns of 0.003 and 0.011 ppb(3).

SURFACE WATER: Dieldrin was detected in US rivers and lakes at concns of 0-0.1 ppb, 1960's-1972, and in Dutch rivers (1967-1977) at max concns of 0.02-0.06 ppb(1). Dieldrin was detected in NJ (1977-79) at 0.1 ppb(2). Dieldrin was detected in 11 agricultural watersheds in Ontario at concns of 1.6-1.7 parts/trillion(3). Dieldrin was detected in 40 out of 367 surface water samples from south Florida(4). Dieldrin was detected in the Louros River, Greece at concns of 0.1-3.5 ng/l and in Lake Pamvotis, Greece at 0.1-9.2 ng/l(5).

RAINWATER: Dieldrin was detected in rainwater over Lake Erie at a concn of 2.6 parts/trillion(1).

Dieldrin was detected in municipal effluent at 0.004-0.052 ppb(1). Dieldrin was detected in foundries water effluent at 5 ppb and textile mills at 0.2 ppb(2).

SEDIMENT: Dieldrin was detected in sediment from Illinois lakes at 0-34 ppb(1) and sediment from south Florida at concns of 0.1-900 ppb(2). Dieldrin was detected at a mean concn of 1.6 ppb in Lake Erie, 0-4.5 ppb in Lake Huron and <5 ppb in Lake Michigan(3). Dieldrin was detected in sediments from Lake Pamvotis and the Louros River, Greece at concns of 0.1-0.3 ng/g and 0.3-1.6 ng/g, respectively(4). Dieldrin was detected in sediments of the Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge, MS at a max concn of 0.01 mg/kg(5). Dieldrin was detected in sediments from the St Lawrence River Basin at concns of 0.05-127.8 ng/g(6). Dieldrin was detected in sediment from the Ganges River, Saudi Arabia at concns of 0.002-0.014 ug/g(7).

SOILS: Dieldrin was detected in 400 of 1,481 US Agricultural soils in 1972, at a mean concn of 0.04 ppm(1). Dieldrin was detected in soils from 5 US cities at mean concns of <0.01-0.06 ppm(2). Dieldrin was detected in soil from the Ioannina Region of Greece at concns of 0.02-0.36 ng/g(3). Dieldrin was detected in soil from Kafr El-Zayat, Egypt at a concn of 1.67 ppb(4). Dieldrin was detected in soils from Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois at concns of 0.12-4,246 ng/g(5).

Dieldrin was detected in airborne dust at 0-8.1 ppb(1) and in the air of Orlando, FL at 1.9 parts/trillion(2). Dieldrin was detected in air from the USA (1970-71) at a mean concn of 0.1 parts/trillion(3). Dieldrin was detected over the Great Lakes at 0.0006-0.006 parts/trillion(4). Dieldrin was detected in 13 of 19 air samples of Barbados (1977-78) at a mean concn of 0.00033 parts/trillion and 6 out of 6 samples from Newfoundland (1977) at a mean concn of 0.00055 parts/trillion(5). Dieldrin was detected in Boston, MA and Columbia, SC, June-Aug 1978, 0.002 parts/trillion and 0.025 parts/trillion, respectively(6). Dieldrin was detected in the Enewetak Atoll of the north Pacific at an avg concn of 0.00063 parts/trillion(7). Dieldrin was detected in the air of College Station, TX at concns of 0-0.25 ng/cu m(8).

Dietary ingestion of dieldrin /by chickens/ can result in residues in the body fat and eggs.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P037, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Incineration (1500 °F, 0.5 second minimum for primary combustion; 3200 °F, 1.0 second for secondary combustion) with adequate scrubbing and ash disposal facilities.

A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids.

Dieldrin (15% emulsifiable concentrate and 72% chlordane emulsfiable concentrates. Mixed 1:3 ratio) /placed into a/ liquid injection incinerator with a temperature range of 877-1038 °C and residence time of 0.153-1.71 sec with 45.8-51% excess air produced a destruction efficiency of >99.98%.

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (20 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways.

/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Health: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas.

/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for DIELDRIN (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

NA 2761; Dieldrin

UN 2761; Organochlorine pesticides, solid, toxic

IMO 6.1; Organochlorine pesticides, solid, toxic

49 411 34; Dieldrin (agricultural insecticide, liquid)

49 411 35; Dieldrin (agricultural insecticide, nonliquid)

49 411 33; Dieldrin (insecticides other than agricultural)

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Procurement ... of unduly large amt ... should be avoided. To avoid spilling, carcinogens should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampoules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top container that will not open when dropped & will resist attack from the carcinogen. Both bottle & the outside container should be appropriately labelled. ... National post offices, railway companies, road haulage companies & airlines have regulations governing transport of hazardous materials. These authorities should be consulted before ... material is shipped. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When no regulations exist, the following procedure must be adopted. The carcinogen should be enclosed in a securely sealed, watertight container (primary container), which should be enclosed in a second, unbreakable, leakproof container that will withstand chem attack from the carcinogen (secondary container). The space between primary & secondary container should be filled with absorbent material, which would withstand chem attack from the carcinogen & is sufficient to absorb the entire contents of the primary container in the event of breakage or leakage. Each secondary container should then be enclosed in a strong outer box. The space between the secondary container & the outer box should be filled with an appropriate quantity of shock-absorbent material. Sender should use fastest & most secure form of transport & notify recipient of its departure. If parcel is not received when expected, carrier should be informed so that immediate effort can be made to find it. Traffic schedules should be consulted to avoid ... arrival on weekend or holiday ... /Chemical Carcinogens/

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Severe marine pollutant.

Symbol: T+, N; R: 25-27-40-48/25-50/53; S: (1/2)-22-36/37-45-60-61

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: II