1-chloro-1-nitropropane

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P261, P264, P270, P271, P301+P317, P304+P340, P317, P330, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H332 (100%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

Aggregated GHS information provided per 39 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P330, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H316: Causes mild skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P210, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Soap wash - If this chemical contacts the skin, wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Extinguish with dry chemicals, CO2, or alcohol foam. Use water spray to "knock down" vapors and cool exposed containers. (USCG, 1999)

Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

ALCOHOL FOAM, WATER, CARBON DIOXIDE, DRY CHEMICAL...

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

1) VENTILATE AREA OF SPILL OR LEAK. 2) FOR SMALL QUANTITIES, ABSORB ON PAPER TOWELS. EVAPORATE IN SAFE PLACE (SUCH AS FUME HOOD). ALLOW SUFFICIENT TIME FOR EVAPORATING VAPORS TO COMPLETELY CLEAR HOOD OR DUCTWORK. BURN PAPER IN SUITABLE LOCATION AWAY FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS. LARGE QUANTITIES CAN BE COLLECTED & ATOMIZED IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE. 3) MIX SPILL OF UP TO 1 GALLON WITH SODA ASH, SPRAY WITH WATER, LET STAND IN BUCKET WITH WATER FOR 2 HR, NEUTRALIZE WITH DIL HYDROCHLORIC ACID, FLUSH TO SEWER & WASH AREA OF SPILL WITH DETERGENT & SOLN.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

1) BY ABSORBING...IN VERMICULITE, DRY SAND, EARTH OR SIMILAR MATERIAL & DISPOSING IN SECURED SANITARY LANDFILL. 2) BY ATOMIZING IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Most important methods of technical control to prevent hazards are general or local exhaust ventilation. General ventilation entails dilution of contaminated air with fresh air by fans or blowers in the working environment. ... The working room concentration should be maintained below the exposure limits by using both of these methods. If it is not possible to reduce excessive amounts of contaminants in the air by only the ventilation methods, enclosure of a process or segregation of personnel is recommended. /Chlorinated nitroparaffins/

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Keep people away; shut off ignition sources; call fire department; notify local health and pollution control agencies; protect water intakes. (USCG, 1999)

Separated from strong oxidants and acids.

2 ppm (10 mg/m³)

TWA 2 ppm (10 mg/m3)

20.0 [ppm]

20 ppm(100 mg/m³)

TWA 20 ppm (100 mg/m3) See Appendix G

100 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

100.0 [ppm]

See: 600259

2.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 2 ppm.

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

2 ppm as TWA

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is severely irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. Inhalation of high concentrations of the vapour may cause lung oedema.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for 1-Chloro-1-nitropropane:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift. (NIOSH, 2024)

Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 20 ppm. Respirator Class(es): Any supplied-air respirator. May require eye protection.

Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 50 ppm. Respirator Class(es): Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous flow mode. May require eye protection. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s). May require eye protection.

Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 100 ppm. Respirator Class(es): Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s). Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s). May require eye protection. Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.

Recommendations for respirator selection. Condition: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concn or IDLH conditions: Respirator Class(es): Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode. Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece and operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for 1-CHLORO-1-NITROPROPANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Up to 20 ppm:

(APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator*

Up to 50 ppm:

(APF = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode*

(APF = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)*

Up to 100 ppm:

(APF = 50) Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s)

(APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister

(APF = 50) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s)*

(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece

(APF = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece

Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions:

(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode

(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus

Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus

1-chloro-1-nitropropane is a colorless liquid. Unpleasant odor. (USCG, 1999)

Colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. [fungicide]; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor.

Colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. [fungicide]

Colorless liquid.

Unpleasant odor.

286 to 289 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

144 °F (NTP, 1992)

62 °C (144 °F) (OPEN CUP)

62 °C o.c.

144 °F (open cup)

(oc) 144 °F

1 to 5 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)

Water solubility = 8000 mg/L

SOL IN GLYCOLS, OILS

SOL IN ETHANOL, ETHER; SL SOL IN CHLOROFORM

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.8

1.2 (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.209 G/CU CM AT 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.2

4.26 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

4.3 (AIR= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 4.3

5.8 mmHg at 77 °F (NTP, 1992)

5.8 [mmHg]

5.8 MM HG AT 25 °C

Vapor pressure, Pa at 25 °C: 773.1

(77 °F): 6 mmHg

WHEN HEATED TO DECOMP...THEY EVOLVE HIGHLY TOXIC /HYDROGEN/ CHLORIDE FUMES. SOME ORGANIC CHLORIDES DECOMP TO YIELD PHOSGENE. /CHLORIDE/

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.4251 AT 20 °C/D

Flammable agents - 2nd degree

Reactive agents - 3rd degree

Pesticides -> Fungicides

Slightly soluble in water [Lawry's].

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic

Explosive

1-CHLORO-1-NITROPROPANE is sensitive to heat (may be explosive). This chemical is incompatible with oxidizers. It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings (NTP, 1992). Combustible: May produce toxic gases, including nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and carbon monoxide. Will attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings (USCG, 1999).

Strong oxidizers, acids.

Strong oxidizers, acids

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Wheezing. Burning sensation. Cough. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain.

See Inhalation.

In Animals: irritation eyes; pulmonary edema; liver, kidney, heart damage

respiratory system, liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system, eyes

Chemical: CHLORONITROPROPANE

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LCLo (rabbits) = 2,000 mg/m3/6h

LD50 Rabbit oral between 50 and 100 mg/kg

Preplacement examinations including chest X-rays of personnel should be performed in order to discover individuals with pre-existing pulmonary disease or those highly susceptible to skin irritation. Employment should be restricted to persons free of a history of pulmonary disease. Workers repeatedly exposed to low concentrations of chlorinated nitroparaffins should have periodic medical examinations, including lung function test, although the effect of repeated small doses has not been determined. /Chlorinated nitroparaffins/

SEVERE PULMONARY EDEMA AFTER INHALATION OF VAPOR OR INGESTION OF LIQUID. NO SYSTEMIC EFFECTS FROM SKIN APPLICATION AND NO SIGNIFICANT SKIN IRRITATION.

CHEMICAL IS LACHRYMATORY (A TEAR GAS).

1,1-DICHLORONITROETHANE IS...MORE IRRITATING TO SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANES THAN 1-CHLORO-1-NITROPROPANE. ... THEY CAUSE PULMONARY EDEMA & DEATH WITHIN 24 HR FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO HIGH CONCN. CHIEF SITE OF INJURY IS LUNGS, BUT DAMAGE IS...OBSERVED IN HEART MUSCLE, LIVER & KIDNEYS AFTER LETHAL EXPOSURES /IN RABBITS & GUINEA PIGS/.

FOLLOWING ORAL ADMIN SOME.../RABBITS/ LOST WEIGHT BUT RECOVERED... APPLICATION TO SKIN CAUSED NO...MARKED REACTIONS... /AFTER ORAL ADMIN, RABBITS/...HEART SHOWED EDEMA AND...NECROSIS OF MYOCARDIAL FIBERS...LIVER /SHOWED/ GENERALIZED EDEMA, CONGESTION, CLOUDY SWELLING...CENTRAL FATTY DEGENERATION AND NECROSIS.../IN/ KIDNEYS... THE TUBULES.../SHOWED/ CLOUDY SWELLING, FATTY DEGENERATION AND COAGULATION NECROSIS... /FOLLOWING INHALATION/, PULMONARY EDEMA AND CONGESTION WITH SCATTERED AREAS OF EMPHYSEMA, ATELECTASIS AND POLYMORPHONUCLEAR INFILTRATION OF SEPTA /WERE SEEN/.

Of the four chloronitropropanes, the 1,1-derivative is the most acutely toxic when tested in rabbits; a 6-hour inhalation exposure at 393 ppm killed one of two rabbits, but neither of two exposed guinea pigs died. At an average concentration of 2574 ppm, two exposed rabbits died; neither of two guinea pigs died. Effects included irritation of the eyes and mucous membranes. Autopsy revealed pulmonary edema and cellular necrosis of the heart, liver, and kidneys.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

1) BY ABSORBING...IN VERMICULITE, DRY SAND, EARTH OR SIMILAR MATERIAL & DISPOSING IN SECURED SANITARY LANDFILL. 2) BY ATOMIZING IN SUITABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER EQUIPPED WITH APPROPRIATE EFFLUENT GAS CLEANING DEVICE.

Symbol: Xn; R: 20/22; S: (2)

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: III