Ethylene glycol diethyl ether

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H360Df: May damage the unborn child; Suspected of damaging fertility [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264+P265, P280, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P318, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225 (97.7%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H360 (99.2%): May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

Aggregated GHS information provided per 128 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: For fire involving UN1170, UN1987 or UN3475, alcohol-resistant foam should be used. CAUTION: Ethanol (UN1170) can burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.

Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers. Ventilate area after clean-up is complete. Keep ethylene glycol diethyl ether out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water to spray to knock-down vapors.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants.

Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Ethylene glycol diethyl ether must be stored to avoid contact with strong oxidizers (such as chlorine, bromine and fluorine) and strong acids (such as hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric) since violent reactions occur. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where ethylene glycol diethyl ether is handled, used, or stored. Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more of ethylene glycol diethyl ether should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of ethylene glycol diethyl ether. Wherever ethylene glycol diethyl ether is used, handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: For fire involving UN1170, UN1987 or UN3475, alcohol-resistant foam should be used.

CAUTION: Ethanol (UN1170) can burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes. The substance is mildly irritating to the skin and respiratory tract.

Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development.

Protective goggles or face shield; rubber gloves. (USCG, 1999)

Protective goggles or face shield; rubber gloves.

Glove manufacturers have recommended gloves of neoprene or nitrile butyl rubber construction for protection against liquid ethylene glycol diethyl ether.

Where the potential exists for exposure to ethylene glycol diethyl ether, use a ...NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode, or use a ...NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.

Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 35 °C use a closed system and ventilation.

See EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM OR REPEATED EXPOSURE. AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective clothing. Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether appears as a clear colorless liquid with a faint ether-like odor. Flash point 95 °F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.

Colorless liquid; [Hawley]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colorless liquid

Sweetish odor

Slight odor

250.5 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

121.4 °C

-101 °F (NTP, 1992)

95 °F (NTP, 1992)

95 °F (35 °C) (OPEN CUP)

35 °C o.c.

greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)

SOLUBILITY IN WATER 2%; SOL IN OILS

Very soluble in acetone, benzene, ethyl ether, ethanol

In water, 8.37X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C

Solubility in water: moderate

0.8484 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8484 g/cu cm at 20 °C

Bulk density: 7 lb/gal at 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.85

4.1 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

4.07 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 4.07

20 mmHg at 58.5 °F ; 40 mmHg at 85.5 °F (NTP, 1992)

9.4 [mmHg]

3.37 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 1.2

log Kow = 0.66

406 °F (USCG, 1999)

406 °F (208 °C)

36.28 kJ/mol at 119.4 °C; 43.20 kJ/mol at 25 °C

Index of refraction: 1.3860 at 20 °C/D

% in saturated air at 25 °C: 1.64; 1 ppm equiv to 4.83 mg/cu m, 1 mg/L equiv to 207 ppm at 25 °C, 760 mm Hg

Liquid molar volume = 0.140833 cu m/kmol. Ideal gas heat of formation = -4.0820X10+8 J/kmol

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 5.79X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C

Boiling point

Dielectric constant

Excess enthalpy

Heat of solution

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Highly Flammable

ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER can react with oxidizers. It is incompatible with strong acids. (NTP, 1992)

Forms explosive mixture with air. Strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber and coatings. Able to form peroxides. Also incompatible with strong acids, aluminum and its alloys.

Glycol ethers, glycols, ketones, and alcohols undergo violent decomposition in contact with 68-72% perchloric acid

1,2-Diethoxyethane

D: Other compounds that may form peroxides

The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion, by inhalation and through the skin.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

LCLo (rat) = 8,000 ppm/4h

LD50 Rat oral 4.39 g/kg

LD50 Guinea pig oral 2.44 g/kg

LD50 Rabbit oral 2.52 g/kg

LD50 Rabbit dermal 8.0 mL/kg

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Ethylene glycol, glycols, and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ethylene glycol, glycols, and related compounds/

If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the following may be useful: Complete blood count (CBC). Kidney function tests.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptomatology: B. Ethylene glycol and its mono- and diethers... 1. Central nervous depression... 3. Nausea, vomiting, and sometimes diarrhea. 4. ...Headache. Later abdominal and lumbar pain and costovertebral angle tenderness. 5. Transient polyuria and then oliguria, progressing to anuria. 6. Acute renal failure... 7. Less critical pathological lesions may appear in brain, lungs, liver, meninges and heart. /Ethylene glycol alkyl ethers/

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ ...Skin permeation was calculated using the Franz cell method with human skin. A physiological solution was used as the receiving phase. ...A permeation profile was obtained and steady state, lag time and permeation constant flux was calculated for each of the following solvents: ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGMEE), propylene glycol mono-methyl ether (PGMME); propylene glycol mono-methyl ether acetate (PGMMEac); 2-propylene glycol 1-butyl ether (2PG1BE), ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGDME), ethylene glycol diethyl ether (EGDEE) and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEGDME). All solvents were tested in their pure form and with 70% acetone. For all solvents tested the lag time was <2 hr, and for the majority of them was about 60 min. Flux at steady state ranged between 0.017 +/- 0.005 and 3.435 +/- 1.897 mg/sq cm/hr and permeation rate was from 0.0192 to 1.02 x 10-3 cm/hr. The presence of acetone in the solution caused a reduction in lag time and an increase in permeation rate, higher for EGMEE, lower for EGDEE, indicating the enhancing effect of this mixture of solvents. ...

/EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES/ Ethylene glycol ethers (EGEs) including diglyme are used in the manufacture of semiconductors. Epidemiological studies of semiconductor populations evaluated potential adverse reproductive outcomes. ... In each of these studies, workers were exposed to mixtures including diglyme but not to diglyme alone. ... Exposure to EGEs was determined using questionnaires from subjects about the work performed and an assessment of the work environment by industrial hygienists, but no measurements of personal or area exposures were made. Workers in the fabrication area were considered exposed to EGEs. For the retrospective study, information on pregnancy outcomes and potential confounders (age, smoking, ethnicity, education, income, year of pregnancy, and stress) was obtained through a comprehensive interviewer-administered interview of female employees. The prospective study of early fetal loss and fecundity (probability of conception per menstrual cycle) was conducted in a subset of female employees from five plants. Daily diaries and measurements of daily urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) levels for 6 months were collected in addition to the comprehensive interview. Of the 891 medically verified pregnancies identified for the retrospective study, 774 (86.9%) were live births, 113 (12.7%) were spontaneous abortions, and 4 (0.4%) were stillbirths. The overall unadjusted relative risk (RR) for spontaneous abortions was 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-2.05) and changed little after adjusting for confounders (adjusted RR =1.43; 95% CI = 0.95-2.09). When stratified by work group, the risk of spontaneous abortion was statistically significantly increased for female workers in the photolithography group (RR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.04-2.55) and in the etching group (RR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.27-3.19). For women working with higher levels of EGE only in masking, the risk for spontaneous abortion was increased 3-fold (RR = 3.38; 95% CI = 1.61-5.73). In the prospective study, no statistically significant differences were detected in the overall rate of spontaneous abortions between fabrication and non-fabrication workers or when pregnancy outcomes were examined by work group. However, the ability to conceive was lower among female workers exposed to EGEs (fertility rate [FR] = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.11-1.19). /Ethylene glycol ethers/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A cat that recieved four 1-mL/kg doses exhibited signs of toxicity after each dose and died after the fourth dose. Necropsy revealed no abnormal findings.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... Inhalation of 10,000 ppm for 1 hr caused irritation in the mucous membranes and a suggestion of ... /SRP: central nervous system depression/. Cats were more sensitive than were rabbits, /or/ guinea pigs ... but all survived the exposure. ... 12 daily 8-hr exposures of mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and cats to 500 ppm resulted in the death of 1 of 2 rabbits and the 2 cats but no evident injury to the mice and guinea pigs. Microscopic examination of the tissues of both cats showed definite symptoms of kidney injury and in one of them, a serious purulent inflammation of the trachea, which may well have been of infectious etiology.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ ... Two dogs /were given/ 9.5 mL/day subcutaneously for 7 days and ... an increase in the oxalic acid content of the urine /was not observed/. This treatment reportedly caused no noticeable effects in the animals. However, necropsy revealed injury to the vasculature, liver, brain, testes, and particularly the kidneys.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ ... Guinea pigs survived seven subcutaneous injections of 0.5 mL/kg even though they suffered serious weight loss. Death resulted after seven 1-mL/kg injections. After four injections, the animals showed signs of transient narcosis; prostration was apparent just before death. Necropsy revealed kidney injury characterized by parenchymatous and interstitial nephritis.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether (EGDE)... was evaluated for toxic and teratogenic effects In timed-pregnant CD-1 mice. Animals were exposed to ethylene glycol diethyl ether in water, by gavage on gestational days (gd) 6 through 15 and sacrificed on gestational days 17. Prior to initiation of the teratology study, a preliminary study was conducted in order to establish appropriate doses for use in the teratology study. Based on the results of the preliminary study, doses of 0, 50, 150, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day ethylene glycol diethyl ether were administered in the teratology study. The teratology study was conducted using a two-replicate design, with 12-14 animals assigned to each dose group in each replicate. Females were weighed and observed during daily treatment for clinical signs of toxicity. On gestational days 17, the gravid uterus of each dam was weighed, and the number and status of uterine implantation sites were recorded. ...A total of 22-24 dams (i.e., confirmed-pregnant females) per treatment group were evaluated in the study, with the following results: 1. A no effect level for maternal toxicity was observed at 500 mg/kg/day. Significant maternal toxicity in the form of reduced body weight and body weight gain was observed at 1000 mg/kg/day. This effect appeared to be secondary to embryo fetal toxicity at the 1000 mg/kg/day dose level. 2. A no effect level for developmental toxicity was observed at 50 mg/kg/day. A significant increase in the percent litters with one or more malformed fetuses was observed at 150 mg/kg/day, whereas a significant increase in other measures of developmental toxicity was observed at doses of 500 mg/kg/day and above. 3. At 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, a dose-related increase in the incidence of craniofacial malformations, similar to those seen after exposure of experimental animals to other glycol ethers, was observed. In conclusion, ethylene glycol diethyl ether administered to pregnant CD-1 mice during the period of major organogenesis marginally increased malformation incidence at 150 mg/kg/day and produced other signs of significant developmental toxicity in the absence of significant maternal toxicity at doses of 500 mg/kg/day and above. Significantly reduced prenatal viability and fetal body weight and a significant increase in teratogenicity was observed at 1000 mg/kg/day in the presence of significant maternal toxicity that was secondary to reduced gravid uterine weight. Thus, it appears that exposure to ethylene glycol diethyl ether may selectively affect the developing organism.

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether (EGDE)... was evaluated for toxic and teratogenic effects in timed-pregnant New Zealand White rabbits. Animals were exposed to ethylene glycol diethyl ether in water, by gavage on gestational days (gd) 6 through 19 and sacrificed on gestational days 30. Prior to initiation of the teratology study, a preliminary study was conducted in order to establish appropriate doses for use in the teratology study. Based on the results of the preliminary study, doses of 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day ethylene glycol diethyl ether were administered in the teratology study. The teratology study was conducted using a three replicate design, with 12-14 animals assigned to each dose group in each replicate. A total of 26-32 does (i.e., confirmed-pregnant females) per treatment group were evaluated in the study, with the following results: 1. A no observed effect level (NOEL) for maternal toxicity was 100 mg/kg/day based on gestational and corrected maternal body and liver weight. 2. Ethylene glycol diethyl ether had a minimal effect on maternal weight gain during treatment (gestational days 6-19 and gravid uterine weight at 100 mg/kg/day that appeared to be secondary to an increased incidence of resorptions. 3. A no effect level for developmental toxicity was observed at 25 mg/kg/day. 4. A significant increase in the percent of litters with one or more malformed fetuses (all malformations combined) was observed at 50 mg/kg/day. A significant increase in the percent resorptions per litter, the percent malformed fetuses per litter (all malformations combined), and in the number of litters with one or more fetuses with external, visceral, or skeletal malformations occurred at 100 mg/kg/day. In conclusion, exposure of timed-pregnant New Zealand White rabbits to ethylene glycol diethyl ether during gestation resulted in clearcut evidence of developmental toxicity at doses of 50 mg/kg/day and above, in the absence of clearcut maternal toxicity.

An oral teratogenicity was conducted with 50 pregnant Charles River (CD-1) mice administered ethylene glycol diethyl ether (1,2-diethoxyethane) by oral gavage at a dose level of 2955 mg/kg body weight on gestation days 7 to 14. The dose level chosen was the LD10 calculated from a previous range finding study. Mortality was observed in 5 mice (10%). Fetal toxicity was evident by statistical differences in number of viable litters (Fishers Exact Method). The number of live pups per litter, number of dead pups per litter, pup survival, pup birth weight, and pup weight over days 1 to 3 postpartum were not tested significantly due to small sample size. Gross necropsy observations were not reported.

A perinatal/postnatal teratology study was conducted with 50 pregnant Specific Pathogen Free CD-1 albino mice administered ethylene glycol diethyl ether (1,2-diethoxyethane) by oral gavage at a dose level of 2955 mg/kg/day (selected in a previous study in which the maximum tolerated dose was determined to be 2365 mg/kg/day) on gestation days (GD) 7-14. Mortality was observed in 4 rats, 2 of which were attributed to dosing. Clinical signs observed in dams included prostration, lethargy, circling behavior, rapid or labored breathing, loss of righting reflex, and cold to the touch. The mean maternal body weights (GD 18 and terminal) and the mean weight changes were significantly lower than control values. A slight delay in time to delivery was observed. The number of viable litters (4), number of dead litters (8) and delivery index (11%) were much lower than control values. Examination of mice that had not produced litters (33) showed corpora lutea in 1 animal and reabsorption sites in 23 animals. A difference from controls was observed in mean live and mean pup counts at days 1-3, offspring viablity, pup weight gains, and mean number of dead pups. Statistical analyses could not be conducted due to the small number of dams producing litters. Gross necropsy observations were not reported.

Reproductive toxicity was evaluated in groups of 10 pregnant Charles River CD female mice receiving an oral gavage dose of ethylene glycol diethyl ether at 10 ml/kg body weight on gestation days 7 through 14. Maternal mortality, clinical observations and gross necropsy were not reported. There was a significant reduction (p<0.05) in the number of live pups per litter.

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether's production and use as a solvent for ester gum, shellac, some resins and oils, in organic synthesis, as a solvent and diluent for detergents may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 3.37 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates ethylene glycol diethyl ether will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethylene glycol diethyl ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours. If released to soil, ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 54. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. Ethylene glycol diethyl ether may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation of ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur in both soil and water based on BOD studies conducted using sewage seed and river water microorganisms. If released into water, ethylene glycol diethyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 18 hours and 8.9 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure to ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethylene glycol diethyl ether is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to ethylene glycol diethyl ether via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing ethylene glycol diethyl ether. (SRC)

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether's production and use as a solvent for ester gum, shellac, some resins and oils(1), in organic synthesis, as a solvent and diluent for detergents(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 54(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.66(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of ethylene glycol diethyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 3.37 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 83,700 mg/L(5). Ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation of ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur in soil based on a 10 day BOD of 0.10 g/g conducted with sewage seed(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 54(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.66(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.2X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 3.37 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 83,700 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 18 hours and 8.9 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation of ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur in water based on a theoretical BOD of 70% after 8 days following a 35-day acclimation period using river water microorganisms(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), ethylene glycol diethyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 3.37 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethylene glycol diethyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.79X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).

AEROBIC: In a screening study using a sewage seed, ethylene glycol diethyl ether (concentration not specified) had a 10 day BOD of 0.10 g/g at 20 °C(2). Successful acclimation of microorganisms from the Kanawana River to ethylene glycol diethyl ether was obtained in approximately 35 days with a theoretical BOD of 70% after 8 days(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ethylene glycol diethyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 5.79X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6.6 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for ethylene glycol diethyl ether(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.66(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of ethylene glycol diethyl ether is estimated as 54(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.66(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to have high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for ethylene glycol diethyl ether is estimated as 6.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 3.37 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 83,700 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 18 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 8.9 days(SRC). Ethylene glycol diethyl ether's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of ethylene clycol diethyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

DRINKING WATER: Ethylene glycol diethyl ether has been qualitatively identified in drinking water(1).

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether has been detected in western Cleveland, Ohio wastewater influents at 140 ug/L(1). Ethylene glycol diethyl ether was identified in Chicago Central water works water (treated and untreated) at 2 ug/L(2).

Occupational exposure to ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethylene glycol diethyl ether is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to ethylene glycol diethyl ether via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing ethylene glycol diethyl ether. (SRC)

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether's production and use as a solvent for ester gum, shellac, some resins and oils, in organic synthesis, as a solvent and diluent for detergents may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 3.37 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates ethylene glycol diethyl ether will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethylene glycol diethyl ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours. If released to soil, ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 54. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole. Ethylene glycol diethyl ether may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation of ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur in both soil and water based on BOD studies conducted using sewage seed and river water microorganisms. If released into water, ethylene glycol diethyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 18 hours and 8.9 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure to ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethylene glycol diethyl ether is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to ethylene glycol diethyl ether via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing ethylene glycol diethyl ether. (SRC)

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether's production and use as a solvent for ester gum, shellac, some resins and oils(1), in organic synthesis, as a solvent and diluent for detergents(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 54(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.66(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of ethylene glycol diethyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 3.37 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 83,700 mg/L(5). Ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation of ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur in soil based on a 10 day BOD of 0.10 g/g conducted with sewage seed(6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 54(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.66(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.2X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 3.37 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 83,700 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 18 hours and 8.9 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation of ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur in water based on a theoretical BOD of 70% after 8 days following a 35-day acclimation period using river water microorganisms(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), ethylene glycol diethyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 3.37 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethylene glycol diethyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.79X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).

AEROBIC: In a screening study using a sewage seed, ethylene glycol diethyl ether (concentration not specified) had a 10 day BOD of 0.10 g/g at 20 °C(2). Successful acclimation of microorganisms from the Kanawana River to ethylene glycol diethyl ether was obtained in approximately 35 days with a theoretical BOD of 70% after 8 days(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ethylene glycol diethyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 5.79X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6.6 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for ethylene glycol diethyl ether(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.66(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of ethylene glycol diethyl ether is estimated as 54(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.66(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to have high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for ethylene glycol diethyl ether is estimated as 6.3X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 3.37 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 83,700 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that ethylene glycol diethyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 18 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 8.9 days(SRC). Ethylene glycol diethyl ether's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of ethylene clycol diethyl ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

DRINKING WATER: Ethylene glycol diethyl ether has been qualitatively identified in drinking water(1).

Ethylene glycol diethyl ether has been detected in western Cleveland, Ohio wastewater influents at 140 ug/L(1). Ethylene glycol diethyl ether was identified in Chicago Central water works water (treated and untreated) at 2 ug/L(2).

Occupational exposure to ethylene glycol diethyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ethylene glycol diethyl ether is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to ethylene glycol diethyl ether via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing ethylene glycol diethyl ether. (SRC)

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Health: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 127: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1153; Diethyl cellosolve; ethylene glycol diethyl ether

IMO 3.3; Diethyl cellosolve; ethylene glycol diethyl ether

49 131 15; Ethylene glycol diethyl ether

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: III