Carbonic acid, thallium(1+) salt (1:2)

H300+H310+H330 (84.4%): Fatal if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310 (84.4%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H330 (100%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H373 (100%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H411 (100%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 45 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P284, P301+P316, P304+P340, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 38 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Not Classified

Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer immediately for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Warning: Effects may be delayed. Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Thallous Carbonate Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to thallous carbonate may be severe and include bronchitis, pneumonia, and respiratory paralysis. Tachycardia (rapid heart rate) may occur. Victims may experience headache, delirium, dementia, depression, psychosis, and peripheral burning sensations with severe pain. Muscle weakness, ptosis (drooping eyelids), strabismus (loss of coordination between eyes), incoordination, spasmodic movements, convulsions, seizures, shock, and coma may also occur. Gastrointestinal effects include increased salivation, inflammation of the oral cavity, anorexia, vomiting (may be bloody), diarrhea (may be bloody), abdominal pain, and constipation. Kidney damage has been reported.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to thallous carbonate may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to thallous carbonate.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. Transport to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to thallous carbonate.

3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. Transport to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of thallous carbonate is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step

4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.Warning: Ingestion of thallous carbonate may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness. Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step

4.The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

(Non-Specific -- Thallium Salts, n.o.s.) Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.

(Non-Specific -- Thallium Salts, n.o.s.) Extinguish with dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Water, carbon dioxide, foam, dry chemical. /Soluble thallium cmpd/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance and complete protective clothing. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U215, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Dithallium carbonate is a poor candidate for incineration.

Chemical Treatability of Thallium Concentration Process: Activated carbon; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature Review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unkown; Results of Study: GAC treatment after time precipitate yielded 84% reduction; /Soluble thallium cmpd/

Chemical Treatability of Thallium; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature Review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 54% reduction with lime. /Soluble thallium cmpd/

Chemical Treatability of Thallium; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: 30% reduction with ferric chloride, 31% reduction with aluminum (3 coagulants used: 220 ppm of alum @ pH= 6.4. 40 ppm of ferric chloride @ pH= 6.2, 415 ppm of lime @ pH= 11.5; Chemical coagulation was followed by dual media filtration.) /Soluble thallium cmpd/

If employees' clothing may have become contaminated with soluble thallium compounds, employees should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises. Clothing contaminated with soluble thallium compounds should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of soluble compounds from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the soluble thallium compounds, the person perfoming the operation should be informed of soluble thallium compounds's hazardous properties. Non-impervious clothing which becomes contaminated with soluble thallium compounds should be removed promptly and not reworn until the soluble thallium compound is removed from the clothing. /Soluble thallium compounds/

Skin that becomes contaminated with soluble thallium compounds should be promptly washed or showered to remove any soluble thallium compounds. Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where soluble thallium compound is handled, processed, or stored. Employees who handle soluble thallium compounds should wash their hands thoroughly before eating, smoking, or using toilet facilities. /Soluble thallium compounds/

Ventilate area of spill. For small quantities, sweep onto paper or other suitable material, place in sealed container for disposal. Large quantities may be reclaimed. If this is not practical, collect in most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers. For liquids absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or similar material and place in sealed containers for disposal. (EPA, 1998)

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Store only in original container. Well closed. Separated from strong acids, strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

0.18 [mg/m3]

2.0 [mg/m3]

23 [mg/m3]

0.1 [mg/m3], as Tl

15 mg Tl/m3 (NIOSH, 2024)

15.0 [mg/m3], as Tl (soluble compounds)

15 mg/cu m (as Tl). /Thallium (soluble cmpds, as Tl)/

0.02 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction, as Tl

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.1 mg/cu m, skin. /Thallium and soluble cmpds, as Tl/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Thallium and soluble cmpds, as Tl/

(as Tl): (inhalable fraction): 0.02 mg/m

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered.

The substance may cause effects on the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Exposure could cause hair loss. Ingestion of large amounts could cause effects on the cardiovascular system, kidneys and liver. Ingestion of large amounts could cause death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

The substance may have effects on the nervous system. May cause hair loss.

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

Respirator selection: 0.5 mg/cu m: Any dust and mist respirator, if not present as a fume. 1 mg/cu m: Any dust and mist respirator except single-use and quarter-mask respirators, if not present as a fume/Any supplied-air respirator. 2.5 mg/cu m: Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous flow mode/Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a dust and mist filter, if not present as a fume. 5 mg/cu m: Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter/Any supplied-air respirator that has a tight-fitting facepiece and is operated in a continuous-flow mode/Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and a high-efficiency particulate filter/Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece/Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece. 15 mg/cu m: Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode/Any supplied-air respirator that has a full face piece and is operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode. Escape: Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter/Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus. /Thallium (soluble cmpds, as Tl/

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective clothing. Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Wash hands before eating.

Heavy, shiny, colorless or white crystals. Used in the manufacture of imitation diamonds. Also used in analysis to test for carbon disulfide and as a fungicide. (EPA, 1998)

Shiny colorless or white solid; Highly refractive; Soluble in water; [Hawley] White crystalline solid; [MSDSonline]

COLOURLESS OR WHITE CRYSTALS.

HEAVY, SHINY, COLORLESS OR WHITE CRYSTALS

COLORLESS, MONOCLINIC CRYSTALS

SLIGHTLY ALKALINE TASTE

333.6 °C

522 °F (EPA, 1998)

1 PART TO 24 PARTS WATER (W/W); 1 PART TO 3.7 PARTS BOILING WATER

INSOL IN ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL, ETHER, ACETONE

In water, 52,000 mg/l at 25 °C.

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 5.2 (moderate)

7.1 (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

7.1 g/cm³

7.11 @25 °C

Less than 1X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C

When heated to decomp ... emits toxic fumes of /thallium/

Heat of fusion 4400 cal/g mole; 9.5 cal/g

Exists in two oxidation states, /thallous/ (Tl(I)) and /thallic/ (Tl(III)). /Thallium/

In reducing environments, thallous may precipitate as a sulfide; otherwise, it will remain in solution. /Thallium/

... Thallium(I), forms relatively few complexes with the exception of those with halogen, oxygen, and sulfur ligands. In this & several other respects, thallium(I) has chemical properties similar to those of the alkali metal cations. /Thallium (I)/

Metals -> Metals, Inorganic Compounds

Pesticide -> EPA IRIS

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Carbonate Salts

THALLOUS CARBONATE is a carbonate salt. These salts react with acids to release carbon dioxide and water. This reaction is often exothermic.

Thallium carbonate

CLASSIFICATION: D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on the lack of carcinogenicity data in animals and humans. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion and through the skin.

Cough. See Ingestion.

MAY BE ABSORBED! See Ingestion.

Abdominal pain. Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Headache. Weakness. Convulsions. Muscle pain. Paralysis. Delirium. Unconsciousness.

Neurotoxin - Sensorimotor

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Thallium Carbonate

PDF Document

Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential

SCREEN Current

PPRTV Current

The following medical procedures should be made available to each employee who is exposed to ... thallium /and thallium/ compounds at potentially hazardous levels: Initial Medical Examination: A complete history and physical examination: The purpose is to detect existing conditions that might place the exposed employee at increased risk, and to establish a baseline for future health monitoring. Examination of the eyes, nervous system, lung, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and body hair should be stressed. Urinalysis: Since kidney damage has been observed in humans exposed to thallium, a urinalysis should be obtained to include at a minimum specific gravity, albumin, glucose, and a microscopic /examination/ on centrifuged sediment. Periodic Medical Examination: These medical examinations should be repeated on an annual basis. /Thallium and thallium compounds/

Thallium is a skin sensitizer and cumulative poison which is toxic by ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption. /Soluble thallium compounds/

WHEN ADDED TO EMBRYONIC FIBROBLAST CULTURES /DITHALLIUM CARBONATE/ CAUSED DNA BREAKS, CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS, & DECREASED SURVIVAL OF SMALLPOX VACCINE BUT INCREASED THE VIRUS MUTAGENICITY. CHRONIC ADMIN OF THE THALLIUM SALT PERORALLY TO MALE RATS, FOLLOWED BY MATING WITH INTACT FEMALES INCR THE EMBRYONIC LETHALITY.

... Treatment of male rats with oral thallium carbonate increased the numbers of dominant lethal mutations.

Thallium(I) carbonate induced sister-chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations in one cell line and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase gene mutation in another cell line. In studies with embryonic fibroblasts of various mouse and rat strains, the same thallium(I) compound (0.5 to 46.9 mg/l) caused a significant increase in the single-stranded DNA fraction after incubation of rat fibroblasts and cells of one mouse strain (C57Bl/6), whereas cells of the CBA mouse strain were resistant to the same concentrations.

Male mice were exposed to thallium carbonate in drinking water for six months. The results of sperm analysis indicated that thallium carbonate level of 0.01 mg/l had an adverse efffect on the spermatozoa of mice by lowering their fertility, while a concentration of 0.001 mg thallium carbonate/l can decrease sperm motility in treated mice.

1.30e+00

1.60e+01

4.00e-01

2.00e+00

Volatile

3.80e+00

4.90e+01

1.20e+00

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

1.30e+00

1.60e+01

4.00e-01

2.00e+00

Volatile

3.80e+00

4.90e+01

1.20e+00

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U215, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Dithallium carbonate is a poor candidate for incineration.

Chemical Treatability of Thallium Concentration Process: Activated carbon; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature Review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unkown; Results of Study: GAC treatment after time precipitate yielded 84% reduction; /Soluble thallium cmpd/

Chemical Treatability of Thallium; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature Review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 54% reduction with lime. /Soluble thallium cmpd/

Chemical Treatability of Thallium; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: 30% reduction with ferric chloride, 31% reduction with aluminum (3 coagulants used: 220 ppm of alum @ pH= 6.4. 40 ppm of ferric chloride @ pH= 6.2, 415 ppm of lime @ pH= 11.5; Chemical coagulation was followed by dual media filtration.) /Soluble thallium cmpd/

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Marine pollutant.

Symbol: T+, N; R: 26/28-33-51/53; S: (1/2)-13-28-45-61; Note: A

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: II