Tetramethoxysilane

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 14.6% (61 of 417) of reports.

H226 (81.3%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H315 (73.9%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (79.9%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (84.7%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (20.6%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H372 (15.1%): Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 417 reports by companies from 22 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 61 of 417 reports by companies.

There are 20 notifications provided by 356 of 417 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Rest. Refer for medical attention .

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Methyl silicate:

Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: SOAP WASH - If this chemical contacts the skin, wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.

Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.

Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2024)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Soap wash - If this chemical contacts the skin, wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]:

Note: Most foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases. CAUTION: For Acetyl chloride (UN1717), use CO2 or dry chemical only.

SMALL FIRE: CO2, dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. FOR CHLOROSILANES, DO NOT USE WATER; use alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide.

This chemical is a combustible liquid. Poisonous gases including silicon oxide are produced in fire. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol or polymer foam extinguishers. Do not use water. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of contaners may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. Containers may explode in fire. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position ...

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources ... If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame, consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile. /Methyl orthosilicate/

Suitable extinguishing media: For small (incipient) fires, use media such as "alcohol" foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. For large fires, apply water from as far as possible. Use very large quantities (flooding) of water applied as a mist or spray; solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. ... Use water spray to cool unopend containers.

Special protective equipment for fire-fighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Combustion may produce irritants and toxic gases.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· FOR CHLOROSILANES, use alcohol-resistant foam to reduce vapors.

· DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 2606 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)

Large spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 60 m (200 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.2 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.3 km (0.2 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.7 km (0.5 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 1.1 km (0.7 mi)

Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilate area of spill or leak. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Keep this chemical out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the buildup of explosive concentrations. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters ...

Initial isolation and protective action distances: Small spills (from a small package or a small leak from a large package): first isolate in all directions 200 feet. Then protect persons downwind 0.1 mile (day), 0.3 mile (night). Large spills (from a large package or from many small packages): first isolate in all directions 500 feet. Then protect persons downwind 0.3 mile (day), 1.0 mile (night). Distances shown are likely to be affected during the first 30 minutes after materials are spilled and could increase with time. If more than one tank car, cargo tank, portable tank, or large cylinder is involved in the incident is leaking, the protective action distance may need to be increased ...

Land spill: Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for Tetramethyl silicate (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 155 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Flammable / Water-Sensitive)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use alcohol-resistant foam to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from food and feedstuffs.

Separate from acids, oxidizing materials, and water. Outside or detached storage is preferred.

... Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from water and moisture. Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where methyl silicate is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard.

Separated from food and feedstuffs.

Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Store under inert gas. Moisture sensitive. Hydrolyses readily.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

NR = Not recommended due to insufficient data

AEGLs Status: Final

0.30 [ppm]

0.91 [ppm]

1.4 [ppm]

1 ppm (6 mg/m³)

TWA 1 ppm (6 mg/m3)

5 ppm (30 mg/m³)

none See Appendix G

See: IDLH INDEX

1.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 ppm.

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed three times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 min during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed five times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

1 ppm as TWA

1 ppm [1978]

· Note: Most foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases.

CAUTION: For Acetyl chloride (UN1717), use CO2 or dry chemical only.

Small Fire

· CO2, dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· FOR CHLOROSILANES, DO NOT USE WATER; use alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

ERPG-1: Not appropriate - one hour exposure limit: 1 = mild transient health effects or objectionable odor [AIHA]

ERPG-2: 10 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 2 = impaired ability to take protective action [AIHA]

ERPG-3: 20 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 3 = life threatening health effects [AIHA]

Methyl orthosilicate appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point below 125 °F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Very toxic by ingestion and inhalation and very irritating to skin and eyes. Used to make paints and lacquers.

Clear, colorless liquid. [Note: A solid below 28 degrees F.]; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID.

Clear, colorless liquid.

Clear, colorless liquid. [Note: A solid below 28 °F.]

Colorless liquid

Clear, colorless liquid [Note: A solid below 28 degrees F].

250 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

121 °C @760 [mm Hg]

28 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

205 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

20 °C closed cup

20 °C c.c.

Soluble (NIOSH, 2024)

Very soluble in ethanol

SOL IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Not soluble in water

Solubility in water: none

1.02 (NIOSH, 2024) - Denser than water; will sink

1.0232 g/cu cm at 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.02

1.0232 @ 20°C

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 5.3

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 5.3

12 mmHg at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

16.5 [mmHg]

16.5 mm Hg at 20 °C (2.2 kPa)

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 2.2

12 mmHg at 77 °F

7.5 [mm Hg] @14.4 °C

(77 °F): 12 mmHg

VOLATILE

When heated to decomposition, it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

46.5 kJ/mol

Index of refraction: 1.3683 at 20 °C

Hydrolyzes in water after 2 days

Schoenflies notation

Boiling point

Chemical bond

Chemical shift

Flammable. Insoluble in water.

Siloxanes

Highly Flammable

METHYL ORTHOSILICATE is incompatible with the following: Oxidizers; hexafluorides of rhenium, molybdenum & tungsten (NIOSH, 2024).

Materials to avoid: Oxidizing agents, acids, bases.

Oxidizers; hexafluorides of rhenium, molybdenum & tungsten.

Oxidizers; hexafluorides of rhenium, molybdenum & tungsten

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Burning sensation. Cough. Shortness of breath. Sore throat. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain. Loss of vision.

Abdominal pain.

irritation eyes, corneal damage (following even short-term exposure to the vapor); lung, kidney injury; pulmonary edema

Eyes, respiratory system, kidneys

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LCLo (rat) = 250 ppm/4h

LC50 Guinea pig inhalation 300 ppm/1 hr

LC50 Guinea pig inhalation 95 ppm/4 hr

LC50 Guinea pig inhalation 26 ppm/8 hr

LD50 Mouse ip 250 mg/kg

LD50 Rabbit skin 17g/kg

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal (refer to ingestion protocol in Section Three ... . Cover skin burns with sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation at the first sign of upper airway obstruction may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Efforts to estimate the air concn ... relative to corneal damage in man revealed that in general, 200-300 ppm are required for 15 min to produce minimal lesions, 1000 ppm to produce injury requiring hospitalization.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ A severe eye irritant. This material can cause extensive necrosis (experimentally), keratoconus, and opaque cornea. It also causes severe human eye injuries, as well as necrosis of corneal cells, which progresses long after exposure has ceased. It is destructive and its effects resist treatment. Permanent blindness is possible from exposure to it.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Methyl silicate can affect you when breathed in. Severely irritates and burns the eyes and skin. Exposure to the vapor can cause severe eye damage and cause permanent blindness. This can occur up to 12 hours after exposure has ceased, even if no irritation is noticed at the time. Inhalation irritates the respiratory tract. Higher exposures can cause pulmonary edema, a medical emergency, that can be delayed for several hours. This can cause death. Exposure to high levels can damage the lungs and kidneys.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The substance irritates severely the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. Inhalation of vapor may cause lung edema ... The symptoms of lung edema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed, and they are aggravated by physical effort ... The substance may have effects on the kidneys and liver..

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Tetramethyl silicate (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The toxicities of silicon tetraalkoxides, including tetramethoxysilane [Si(OCH3)4, TMOS], tetraethoxysilane [Si(OC2H5)4, TEOS], tetrapropoxysilane [Si(OC3H7)4, TPOS] and tetrabuthoxysilane [Si(OC4H9)4, TBOS], were investigated with ip injection of 1,000 mg/kg of each compound. TMOS, as well as TEOS, caused acute tubular necrosis. Blood biochemical examination revealed elevation of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in mice treated with TEOS, TPOS and TBOS, though TMOS treated mice died and therefore could not be examined. The severity of nephrotoxicity differs among these silicon tetraalkoxides. The spleens of mice treated with TMOS exhibited cytolysis in the white and red pulp, suggesting direct injury to the spleen. The kidney seems to be a common target organ of silicon tetraalkoxides.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In range-finding toxicity tests ... undiluted methyl silicate /rated/ as very severe eye irritant in rabbits leading to marked edema and necrosis of the lid.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Exposure of rabbits at 1000 ppm in dry air caused "delayed" eye burn; saturated vapor (15,000 ppm at 25 °C) for 5 min caused eye burn, but exposure for 4 min, none. Saturated vapor at 100% relative humidity for 5 min resulted in slight amt of necrosis.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Highest concn that still produced no damage to the guinea pig eye, the most sensitive target site, were 135 ppm for 15 min, 90 ppm for 1 hr, 20 ppm for 8 periods of 1 hr each, and 20 ppm for 5 days of 8 periods of 1 hr. Brief exposures to high concn were productive of greater injury than lower concn for longer periods.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Tetramethyl silicate (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Tetramethyl silicate's production and use in glass frosting and sol-gel processes may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates tetramethyl silicate will exist solely in the vapor phase in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetramethyl silicate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.8 days. Tetramethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, tetramethyl silicate is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 650. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Tetramethyl silicate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data were not available. If released into water, tetramethyl silicate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces may be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.3 and 57 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Tetramethyl silicate is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment since a similar compound, tetraethyl silicate, is reported to hydrolyze in aqueous conditions. Occupational exposure to tetramethyl silicate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. It is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to tetramethyl silicate as it is primarily used in a manufacturing or research setting. (SRC)

Tetramethyl silicate's production and use as a chemical in the glass frosting process for televisions(1) or starting material in synthesizing sol-gels(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 650(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetramethyl silicate is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tetramethyl silicate from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Tetramethyl silicate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg at 20 °C(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2009).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 650(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetramethyl silicate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces may occur(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.3 and 57 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -1.93(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2009).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetramethyl silicate, which has a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetramethyl silicate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.8 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Tetramethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tetramethyl silicate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4.8 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Tetramethyl silicate is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment after 2 days(2). Tetramethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for tetramethyl silicate(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -1.93(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of tetramethyl silicate can be estimated to be 650(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tetramethyl silicate is expected to have low mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for tetramethyl silicate is estimated as 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tetramethyl silicate may volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 7.3 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 57 days(SRC) Tetramethyl silicate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Tetramethyl silicate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg(3).

Occupational exposure to tetramethyl silicate may occur through inhalation(1) and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. It is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to tetramethyl silicate as it is primarily used in a manufacturing or research setting(SRC).

In coating picture screens of television picture tubes ... it presents both an inhalation and eye exposure hazard.

Tetramethyl silicate's production and use in glass frosting and sol-gel processes may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg at 20 °C indicates tetramethyl silicate will exist solely in the vapor phase in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetramethyl silicate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.8 days. Tetramethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, tetramethyl silicate is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 650. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Tetramethyl silicate may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data were not available. If released into water, tetramethyl silicate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces may be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.3 and 57 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Tetramethyl silicate is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment since a similar compound, tetraethyl silicate, is reported to hydrolyze in aqueous conditions. Occupational exposure to tetramethyl silicate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. It is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to tetramethyl silicate as it is primarily used in a manufacturing or research setting. (SRC)

Tetramethyl silicate's production and use as a chemical in the glass frosting process for televisions(1) or starting material in synthesizing sol-gels(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 650(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetramethyl silicate is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tetramethyl silicate from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Tetramethyl silicate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg at 20 °C(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2009).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 650(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tetramethyl silicate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces may occur(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.3 and 57 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -1.93(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2009).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetramethyl silicate, which has a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetramethyl silicate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.8 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Tetramethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tetramethyl silicate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4.8 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Tetramethyl silicate is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment after 2 days(2). Tetramethyl silicate does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for tetramethyl silicate(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -1.93(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of tetramethyl silicate can be estimated to be 650(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tetramethyl silicate is expected to have low mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for tetramethyl silicate is estimated as 6.4X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tetramethyl silicate may volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 7.3 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 57 days(SRC) Tetramethyl silicate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Tetramethyl silicate is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 16.5 mm Hg(3).

Occupational exposure to tetramethyl silicate may occur through inhalation(1) and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. It is unlikely that the general population would be exposed to tetramethyl silicate as it is primarily used in a manufacturing or research setting(SRC).

In coating picture screens of television picture tubes ... it presents both an inhalation and eye exposure hazard.

Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY. /Methyl orthosilicate/

Table: Table of Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Tetramethylsilicate [Table#5419]

/GUIDE 155: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (FLAMMABLE/WATER-SENSITIVE)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.

/GUIDE 155: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (FLAMMABLE/WATER-SENSITIVE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death. ... Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat which will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

/GUIDE 155: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (FLAMMABLE/WATER-SENSITIVE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Tetramethyl silicate (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2606; Methyl orthosilicate

IMO 3.2; Methyl orthosilicate

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Poison Inhalation Hazard Flammable Liquid

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Subsidiary Risks: 3; UN Pack Group: I