Methylamine

H220: Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P203, P210, P222, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H220 (63.1%): Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

H224 (36.8%): Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H225 (18.6%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H280 (20.1%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H302 (36.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (36.7%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H315 (81.8%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (90.7%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H319 (18.5%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (95.6%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (92.6%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P203, P210, P222, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 2107 reports by companies from 39 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H220 (100%): Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

H280 (100%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (100%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (100%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (100%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P203, P210, P222, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P332+P317, P362+P364, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 38 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H340: May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]

P203, P210, P222, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P363, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention . Remove contaminated clothes.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting. Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

INHALATION: Remove victim to fresh air at once. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. Get medical attention.

EYES: Flush with water for at least 15 minutes. Physician should examine eyes if irritation or pain persists after 15 minutes.

SKIN: Exposed area should be washed twice with soap and water. Physician should examine exposed area if pain or irritation persist after area is washed.

INGESTION: Do not induce vomiting or perform gastric lavage. Do not attempt to neutralize. Dilute with water or milk in copious amounts. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· In case of contact with liquefied gas, only medical personnel should attempt thawing frosted parts.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately (solution)/Frostbite

Skin: Water flush immediately (solution)/Frostbite

Breathing: Respiratory support

Excerpt from ERG Guide 118 [Gases - Flammable - Corrosive]:

DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

Some of these materials may react violently with water.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Do not get water inside containers.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Shut off supply; if not possible and no risk to surroundings, let the fire burn itself out. In other cases extinguish with powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Suitable extinguishing media: Dry powder. Dry sand. Unsuitable extinguishing media: Do NOT use water jet. /Methylamine solution 30-50%/

Use water spray to cool unopened containers. /Methylamine solution 30-50%/

Methylamine is a flammable liquid or gas. If gas, stop the flow of gas if it can be done safely. Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool and to protect people attempting shut-off. For water solutions, use water spray, CO2, dry chemical, and alcohol foam extinguishers. Poisonous gases are produced in fire, including oxides of nitrogen. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. Containers may explode in fire. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position. If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped in OSHA 1910.156.

Stop flow of gas before extinguishing fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Use water spray, dry chemical, or "alcohol resistant" foam. Aqueous solutions will burn unless diluted thoroughly with spray.

For more Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete) data for Methylamine (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.

· Isolate area until gas has dispersed.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material.

· For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads).

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 118 [Gases - Flammable - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1061 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)

Large spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 200 m (600 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.2 km (0.1 mi)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 118 [Gases - Flammable - Corrosive]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material. For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads). Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Cool.

Fireproof. Cool. Well closed. Separated from food and feedstuffs, strong acids, oxidants, aluminium, copper, zinc, zinc alloys and mercury. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Storage class (TRGS 510): 3: Flammable liquids /Methylamine solution 30-50%/

They are extremely flammable products that should be stored in a well-ventilated area and protected from fire risk. /Methylamines/

Before entering a confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Methylamine must be stored to avoid contact with mercury, flammable materials, and strong oxidizers, (such as chlorine dioxide, or bromine), since violent reactions occur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat. Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where methylamine is handled, used, or stored. Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more of methylamine should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of methylamine. Wherever methylamine is used, handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings. Procedures for the handling, use and storage of cylinders should be in compliance with OSHA 1910.101 and 1910.169 as with the recommendations of the Compressed Gas Association.

Avoid oxidizing materials, acids, and sources of halogens. Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated, noncombustible location.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

5.0 [ppm], Ceiling = 10 ppm[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

Level of Distinct Odor Awareness = 0.56 ppm

AEGLs Status: Interim

15 [ppm]

64 [ppm]

350 [ppm]

10 ppm (12 mg/m³)

TWA 10 ppm (12 mg/m3)

10.0 [ppm]

100 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

100 ppm [From NPG: Methylamine] (NIOSH, 2024)

100.0 [ppm]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Human data: It has been reported that transient irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat has resulted from brief exposures to concentrations of 20 to 100 ppm; the odor was intolerable at 100 to 500 ppm [Clayton and Clayton 1981]. Inhalation of methylamine vapors (at concentrations greater than 100 ppm) has caused irritation of the nose and throat, followed by violent sneezing, burning sensation of the throat, coughing, constriction of the larynx and difficulty in breathing, pulmonary congestion, and edema of the lungs [Deichmann and Gerarde 1969].

See: 74895

5.0 [ppm]

15.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 5 ppm; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 15 ppm.

5 ppm as TWA; 15 ppm as STEL.

5 ppm [2012]

15 ppm [2012]

6,4 mg/m

· DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or regular foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

Fire Involving Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

Methylamine, anhydrous appears as a colorless gas or a liquid. Pungent fishy odor resembling odor of ammonia. The liquid boils at cold temperatures, hence it vaporizes rapidly when unconfined. Vapors are heavier than air and may collect in low-lying areas. Easily ignited under most conditions. Under prolonged exposure to intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. Used for making pharmaceuticals, insecticides, paint removers, surfactants, rubber chemicals.

Methylamine, aqueous solution appears as a colorless to yellow aqueous solution of a gas. Odor ranges from fishlike to ammonia-like as the vapor concentration increases. Flash point (of 30% solution) 34 °F. Corrosive to skin and eyes. Less dense than water; vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.

Gas Vapor; Liquid; Liquid

Colorless gas with a fish- or ammonia-like odor; Note: A liquid below 21 degrees F. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS COMPRESSED LIQUEFIED GAS WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

COLOURLESS SOLUTION IN WATER WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless gas with a fish- or ammonia-like odor.

Colorless gas with a fish- or ammonia-like odor. [Note: A liquid below 21 °F. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Colorless gas [Note: A liquid below 21 degrees F. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas]

Flammable gas at ordinary temperature and pressure. Fuming liquid when cooled in ice and salt mixture.

Fish or ammonia-like odor

20.3 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

20.66 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

BP: -6.3 °C at 760 mm Hg; -19.7 °C at 400 mm Hg; -32.4 °C at 200 mm Hg; -43.7 °C at 100 mm Hg; -73.8 °C at 10 mm Hg

-6.32 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-134.5 °F (USCG, 1999)

-93.42 °C

-93.4 °C

-93.5 °C

14 °F (Liquid) (NIOSH, 2024)

32 °F (USCG, 1999)

The Guide from the Emergency Response Guidebook is for "methylamine, anhydrous." 32 °F

-10 °C (14 °F) - closed cup /Methylamine solution 30-50%/

32 °F (closed cup)

Flammable gas

NA (Gas) 14 °F (Liquid)

greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70 °F (NTP, 1992)

Very soluble in water

1 volume of water at 12.5 °C dissolves 1154 volumes of gas; at 25 °C dissolves 959 volumes of gas; 10.5 g is contained in 100 mL saturated benzene solution

Soluble in ethanol, benzene, and acetone; miscible with ether

Solubilities in various solvents at 1 atm and 20 °C.

Table: 255Q [Table#2189]

1080 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water at 25 °C: very good

0.693 at 20.3 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.6624 g/cu cm at 25 °C; 0.0014 g/cu cm at 101.33 kPa

Density: 0.656 g/cu cm at 25 °C (p>1 atm)

Saturated liquid density: 43.260 lb/cu ft; liquid heat capacity: 0.803 Btu/lb-F; liquid thermal conductivity: 1.516 Btu-inch/hr-sq ft-F; liquid viscosity: 0.250 Centipoise (all at 20 °F) (Methylamine anhydrous)

Relative density (water = 1): 0.7 (liquid)

Relative density (water = 1): 0.89

Highly flammable. Very soluble in water; the solutions are strongly basic and therefore corrosive. Liquid fumes in air.

Highly flammable. Water soluble.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Water and Aqueous Solutions

Highly Flammable

Air-Reactive

METHYLAMINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

A basic solution. Neutralizes acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. It initiates detonation of nitromethane.

Incompatible materials: Acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, oxidizing agents, chloroformates, phosphorus halides /Methylamine solution 30-50%/

A medium strong base. Reacts violently with strong acids, mercury, strong oxidizers, nitromethane. Corrosive to copper, zinc alloys, aluminum, and galvanized surfaces.

Forms an explosive mixture with nitromethane.

May react with acids, oxidizing materials, chlorine, hypochlorite, halogenated compounds, reactive organic compounds and some metals, and mercury and nitrosating compounds.

Mercury, strong oxidizers, nitromethane.

Mercury, strong oxidizers, nitromethane [Note: Corrosive to copper & zinc alloys, aluminum & galvanized surfaces.]

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Methylamine is colorless gas. A liquid below 21 degrees F. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. it is used as an intermediate for accelerators, dyes, pharmaceuticals, insecticides, fungicides, surface active agents, tanning, dyeing of acetate textiles, fuel additive, polymerization inhibitor, component of paint removers, solvent, photographic developer, rocket propellant. HUMAN STUDIES: Olfactory fatigue occurs readily. Brief exposures to 20 to 100 ppm produce transient eye, nose, and throat irritation. No symptoms of irritation are produced from longer exposures at less than 10 ppm. Allergic or chemical bronchitis was reported in a worker exposed to methylamine at concentrations ranging from 2 to 60 ppm, and some irritation was noted at about 25 ppm. Stimulation of DNA synthesis in human fibroblast cultures by epidermal growth factor, insulin, and serum is inhibited by methylamine. ANIMAL STUDIES: Application of 0.1 mL of a 40% aqueous solution of methylamine to the skin of a guinea pig caused necrosis. Liquified methylamine caused change in guinea pig skin color with swelling and purple hue within a few minutes, gray and necrotic in 48 hr. At 12 days fresh granulation tissue had appeared covered by flat epidermis with no hair follicles. A drop of 5% solution in water applied to animal eyes caused hemorrhages in the conjunctiva, superficial corneal opacities, and edema. Methylamine caused interstitial pneumonitis progressing to fibrosis in rats. Methylamine was positive when tested for genotoxicity in a mouse lymphoma cell assay. Methylamine was negative when tested for genotoxicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA97, TA98, and TA100) in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Methylamine occurs endogenously from amine catabolism and its tissue levels increase in some pathological conditions, including diabetes. Methylamine is an endogenous aliphatic amine exhibiting anorexigenic properties in mice. The effects of methylamine on feeding depend on the hypothalamic release of nitric oxide and dopamine. ECOTOXICITY: Isolated individual fertilized eggs from zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) developed in vitro can be used to elucidate possible actions of hazardous agents on embryogenesis. Methylamine at concentration 0.1 - 5 mg/mL incubation media caused mortality of most of eggs by cytotoxic effects essentially at stage 24. Malformations were not observed.

Uremic toxins such as methylamine are actively transported into the kidneys via organic ion transporters (especially OAT3). Increased levels of uremic toxins can stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. This seems to be mediated by the direct binding or inhibition by uremic toxins of the enzyme NADPH oxidase (especially NOX4 which is abundant in the kidneys and heart) (A7868). Reactive oxygen species can induce several different DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) which are involved in the silencing of a protein known as KLOTHO. KLOTHO has been identified as having important roles in anti-aging, mineral metabolism, and vitamin D metabolism. A number of studies have indicated that KLOTHO mRNA and protein levels are reduced during acute or chronic kidney diseases in response to high local levels of reactive oxygen species (A7869)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Chronic exposure to uremic toxins can lead to a number of conditions including renal damage, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption (solution), ingestion (solution), skin and/or eye contact (solution/liquid)

Endogenous, Ingestion, Dermal (contact)

Burning sensation. Cough. Headache. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Sore throat.

ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Severe deep burns.

Burning sensation. Cough. Headache. Sore throat. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns.

Abdominal pain. Burning sensation. Shock or collapse.

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough; skin, mucous membrane burns; dermatitis; conjunctivitis; liquid: frostbite

As a uremic toxin, this compound can cause uremic syndrome. Uremic syndrome may affect any part of the body and can cause nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. It can also cause changes in mental status, such as confusion, reduced awareness, agitation, psychosis, seizures, and coma. Abnormal bleeding, such as bleeding spontaneously or profusely from a very minor injury can also occur. Heart problems, such as an irregular heartbeat, inflammation in the sac that surrounds the heart (pericarditis), and increased pressure on the heart can be seen in patients with uremic syndrome. Shortness of breath from fluid buildup in the space between the lungs and the chest wall (pleural effusion) can also be present.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LC50 (rat) = 448 ppm/2.5H

LD50 Rat oral 698 mg/kg /40% solution/

LC50 Mouse inhalation 2400 mg/cu m/2 hr

LD50 Rat oral 100-200 mg/kg bw (10% solution)

Kidney dialysis is usually needed to relieve the symptoms of uremic syndrome until normal kidney function can be restored.

Methylamine at a concentration of 20 mM protected mouse LM cell fibroblasts from the action of pseudomonas toxin. Nearly total protection was observed when cells were pretreated with amine before the addition to toxin and amine, when amine and toxin were added simultaneously, or when amine was added up to 30 min after toxin binding. Later addition of methylamine afforded partial protection of the monolayers. Using electron microscopy, we observed that toxin initially bound diffusely to the cell surface but rapidly moved to coated pits and was internalized after cells were warmed to 37 C. Methylamine blocked the clustering of toxin into coated-pit areas of the membrane but did not alter the overall level of toxin internalization. It is suggested that pseudomonas toxin enters mammalian cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis and that methylamine alters the entry process. In those instances in which partial protection was seen when methylamine was added after toxin internalization, the primary amine may be functioning by inactivation of lysosomal processing of the toxin.

Combination of methylamine and sodium nitrite induced a higher frequency of mutations than that caused by nitrite alone in Escherichia coli.

Methylamine is a constituent of cigarette smoke and the major end product of nicotine metabolism. Smoking or nicotine can induce the release of adrenaline, which is in turn deaminated by monoamine oxidase, also producing methylamine. ... The urinary level of methylamine was significantly elevated following administration of nicotine (25 mg/kg, ip). Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) inhibitors further increased the excretion of methylamine induced by nicotine. Following administration of L-(-)-[N-methyl-3H]nicotine long-lasting irreversible radioactive adducts were detected in different mouse tissues and such adduct formation could be blocked by selective SSAO inhibitors. These adducts are probably cross-linked oligoprotein complexes cross-linked by formaldehyde.

Young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given 30 umol/kg body wt (14)C methylamine hydrochloride and 700 umol/kg body wt sodium nitrite by oral gavage. DNA isolated from the stomach and from the first 15 cm of the small intestine was methylated, containing 7-methylguanine. In a second expt, the excised stomachs were incubated with DNAse before the isolation of the DNA in order to degrade DNA in the lumen and in the uppermost lining cells. This treatment resulted in in a 30% decrease in the yield of DNA and a 90% reduction in the level of 7-methylguanine formation. /Methylamine HCl/

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valuim) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Consider ... /resp system, eyes, skin/ in preplacement and periodic physical exam.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Complete 0-24 hr urine samples were collected from 203 volunteers (102 male, age 22.2 +/- 4.5 years, mean +/- S.D.; 101 female, age 21.6 +/- 5.0 years) maintained on their normal diets. Six male subjects also consumed, on different occasions separated by at least 1 week, 41 foods and collected the subsequent 0-8 hr urine. In addition, these subjects also ingested various dietary precursors (betaine, carnitine, choline, creatinine, lecithin) and collected the following 0-3 day urine. All urine samples were analysed for their methylamine content. The average daily output of methylamine was 11.00 +/- 8.17 mg (12.73 +/- 9.35 male; 9.27 +/- 6.35 female) with a range of values spreading from 1.68 to 62.30 mg. Dietary studies suggested that certain fish and seafoods (clam, crab, haddock, halibut, octopus, tuna) and fruit and vegetables (pear, peas, tomato) may add to this urinary output. Ingestion of creatinine also increased urinary methylamine levels.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Olfactory fatigue occurs readily. Brief exposures to 20 to 100 ppm produce transient eye, nose, and throat irritation. No symptoms of irritation are produced from longer exposures at less than 10 ppm.

/CASE REPORTS/ ... Allergic or chemical bronchitis was reported in a worker exposed to methylamine at concentrations ranging from 2 to 60 ppm, and some irritation was noted at about 25 ppm. It is unclear from this report what the actual exposure concentrations were.

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ It is hypothesized that methylamine (MA) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity are involved in the cardiovascular complications in human diabetics. /It was/ determined the acute vasoactive effects of MA (1-1,000 umol/L) in uncontracted and norepinephrine (NE; 1 umol/L)-precontracted human blood vessels used for coronary artery bypass grafts [left internal mammary artery (LIMA), radial artery (RA), and right saphenous vein (RSV)]; tested whether MA effects in LIMA and RSV were dependent on SSAO activity using the SSAO inhibitor semicarbazide (1 mmol/L, 15 min); determined the effects of MA metabolites formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide in LIMA and RSV; tested whether the MA response was nitric oxide, prostaglandin, or hyperpolarization dependent; measured the LIMA and RSV cGMP levels after MA exposure; and quantified SSAO activity in LIMA, RA, and RSV. In NE-precontracted vessels, MA stimulated a biphasic response in RA and RSV (rapid contraction followed by prolonged relaxation) and dominant relaxation in LIMA (mean +/- SE, %relaxation: 55.4 +/- 3.9, n = 30). The MA-induced relaxation in LIMA was repeatable, nontoxic, and age independent. Semicarbazide significantly blocked MA-induced relaxation (%inhibition: 82.5 +/- 4.8, n = 7) and SSAO activity (%inhibition: 98.1 +/- 1.3, n = 26) in LIMA. Formaldehyde (%relaxation: 37.3 +/- 18.6, n = 3) and H(2)O(2) (% relaxation: 55.6 +/- 9.0, n = 9) at 1 mmol/l relaxed NE-precontracted LIMA comparable with MA. MA-induced relaxation in LIMA was nitric oxide, prostaglandin, and possibly cGMP independent and blocked by hyperpolarization.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Methylamine (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Application of 0.1 mL of a 40% aqueous solution of methylamine to the skin of a guinea pig caused necrosis.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Eye effect: rabbit 40% solution, corneal damage after 50 mg 5 min. /From table/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... Skin irritation: rabbit: 40% soln, 0.1 mL, necrosis /From table/

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 0.00000002 ug/cell for <3 hr; Effect: decreased nitrogen fixation

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 0.000000009 ug/cell for <3 hr; Effect: decreased photosynthesis, oxygen production

EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age 6-24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 180 mg/L for 24 hr (95% confidence interval: 155-209 mg/L); Effect: intoxication, immobilization /formulation/

EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age 6-24 hr; Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 702 mg/L for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 484-1018 mg/L); Effect: intoxication, immobilization /formulation/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for Methylamine (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Methylamine's production and use as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and pesticides, in solvents, fuel additives, dyes, and photographic developers may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Methylamine occurs in herring brine, in dog urine after eating meat, and in a variety of vegetables and other foods. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 2650 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates methylamine will exist solely as a gas in the atmosphere. Gas-phase methylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone; the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 18 hours and 540 days, respectively. Methylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, methylamine is expected to have moderate mobility based upon Koc values of 389 and 449. The pKa of methylamine is 10.66, indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the compound exists as a cation and cations do not volatilize. Methylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 84% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 2 weeks indicating that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil. If released into water, methylamine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the Koc values. Biodegradation of 96% and 107% of methylamine in aqueous screening tests indicate that methylamine will biodegrade in water. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's pKa. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure to methylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where methylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to methylamine via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and contaminated drinking water. (SRC)

Methylamine occurs in herring brine, in dog urine after eating meat, and in certain plants such as Mentha aquatica(1). It is also found in a variety of vegetables and other foods(2).

Volatilization of cattle waste produces ammonia and amines. /Amines/

Known interstellar molecule

... amines from decomposing fish ... /Amines/

Methylamine's production and use as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and pesticides, in solvents, fuel additives, dyes, and photographic developers(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Total aliphatic amine emissions in the exhaust of 17 cars which were driven on a chassis dynamometer using the 1975 ftp test were less than 2.2 mg/mile and the average emission rate of monomethylamine was 0.3 mg/mile. /Aliphatic amines/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 389 and 449(2), indicate that methylamine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of methylamine is 10.66(3), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of the cation from moist soil is not expected because cations do not volatilize(SRC). Methylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2650 mm Hg at 25 °C(5). A 84% of Theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(6) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 389 and 449(2), indicate that methylamine is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 10.66(3) indicates methylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). Methylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of -0.57(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Under anaerobic conditions, mixed cultures from anaerobic marine sediments degraded methylamine(8). Using aerobic mixed cultures, methylamine biodegradation was 96% and 107% in the OECD screening test and the closed bottle test, respectively(9).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), methylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 2650 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase methylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and ozone(SRC); the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 18 hours and 540 days(SRC), calculated from respective rate constants of 2.20X10-11(3) and 2.13X10-20(4) cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C. Methylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Methylamine, present at 100 mg/L, reached 84% of its Theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(1). Methylamine biodegradation was 96% in the OECD screening test and 107% in the Closed Bottle test(2).

Biological oxygen demand (BOD) reported for methylamine: 67.8% of theoretical in 13 days(1).

ANAEROBIC: Mixed cultures from anaerobic marine sediments(1) and pure cultures of Methanosarcina barkeri(2) degraded methylamine under anaerobic conditions.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of methylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 2.20X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 18 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of methylamine with ozone has been reported as 2.13X10-20 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 540 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(3). Methylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(4). Methylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for methylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.57(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

No detectable sorption of methylamine was observed on a Podzol soil (4.85% organic C)(1). A Koc value of 389 was observed on Alfisol agricultural soil (1.25% organic C)(1). A Koc value of 449 was observed on a subliminic soil, a sediment of Lake Constance (1.58% organic C)(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these Koc values suggest that methylamine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. Adsorption (desorption) partition coefficients for methylamine on montmorillonite and sediment were 7.0 (9.3) mL/g and 3.5 (5.4) mL/g, respectively; at high concentrations, approximately 20% of the methylamine absorbed onto montmorillonite was not desorbed(3). An adsorption partition coefficient of <1 was observed on kaolinite(3).

A pKa of 10.66(1) indicates methylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and, therefore, volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). Methylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2650 mm Hg(2).

SURFACE WATER: Methylamine concentrations in various European rivers ranged from 1-20.6 ug/kg (ppb) and was 6.2 ug/kg in a swamp(1). Methylamine was detected at <2.6 ug/L in a river in Iran, 5.6 and 48 ug/L in lakes in China, and 0.05-0.89 ug/L in 21 lakes in Norway(2).

RAIN/SNOW: Methylamine was detected in rainwater collected in southern Sweden at concentrations ranging from <10 to 280 nM(1).

Methylamine was detected in condensate retort water and process retort water produced in a modified in situ oil-shale retort at a concentration of 1.8 mg/L(1). Methylamine was detected in emissions from animal husbandry in Europe(2).

SOIL: Methylamine was found in the soil (loam) of the Moscow (USSR) region at an unspecified concentration(1).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Methylamine was detected in ambient air samples collected in southern Sweden at concentrations of 60-1200 pmol/cu m(1). Methylamine was found in urban air samples from August and October 1998, and March and April 1999 at concentrations up to 1.34 ng/cu m(2).

SOURCE DOMINATED: Methylamine was detected in gaseous and particulate air samples collected Oct 8-9, 2003 near a small animal farm in Slingerlands, NY at 0.05-0.34 (median 0.13, mean 0.14) and 0.08-0.24 (median 0.11, mean 0.12) ug/cu m, respectively(1).

Methylamine was detected at 0.048-0.35 ng/L in 12 wines (vintage years 1985-1998) collected in California(1). Methylamine concentrations (mg/kg) in various West German fresh vegetables were: 12 (spinach), 22.7 (red cabbage), 3.4 (cabbage), 65 (cauliflower), 16.6 (kale), 17.6 (white beet), 3.8 (carrots), 30 (red beet), 42 (large radish), and 6.4 (celery)(2). Other methylamine concentrations (mg/kg) in West German foods were: 26.8 (maize, grains), 37.5 (green salad), 5.6 (apple flesh), 4.5 (apple peel), 12 (Camembert cheese), 3 (Limburger cheese) 27 (coffee extract), 80 (freeze-dried coffee), 16 (freeze-dried coffee), 60 (defatted cocoa), 50 (black tea), 4.5 (barley), 3.7 (hops), and < 0.1 (malt)(2). Methylamine concentration in Bismarck, salted and oil of herring were 2, 3.4 and 7 mg/kg, respectively(2). Methylamine was identified as a volatile component of boiled beef(3). Methylamine was not detected (detection limit 0.5 mg/L) in 20 industrially produced and bottled shalgam samples collected from local markets in different regions of Turkey(4). Methylamine was detected in 25 Tawny and 15 Vintage Port wines at 0.147-0.447 and 0.065-0.457 mg/L, respectively, it was also detected in 24 grape juice samples at 0.246-0.997 mg/L; all samples were collected in Portugal(5).

Methylamine occurs in certain plants such as Mentha aquatica(1).

Methylamine concentrations in Bismarck herring were 2 mg/kg. Methylamine concentration in cod roe (egg-laden ovary) was 10.3 mg/kg(1).

...The presence of volatile aliphatic amines ... in human breast milk and amniotic fluid /was measured/ to assess their role in neonatal hypergastrinemia. These volatile nitrogenous amino acid metabolites have been previously demonstrated to stimulate gastrin release in in vivo and in vitro laboratory preparations. ... The present study ... demonstrated that these gastrin-stimulatory volatile amines were present in significant concentrations in breast milk during the first several weeks after parturition and in amniotic fluid. The individual amines that were identified in both human milk and amniotic fluid samples were methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, trimethylamine, propylamine, isobutylamine, and butylamine. This study provides indirect evidence to support the possibility that the hypergastrinemia measured in the fetus/neonate during the period immediately before and after birth may be attributable, in part, to the ingestion of fluid containing high concentrations of gastrin-stimulating amines.

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 10,890 workers (1411 of these are female) were potentially exposed to methylamine in the US(1). Occupational exposure to methylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where methylamine is produced or used(SRC). Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to methylamine via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and contaminated drinking water(SRC).

In a plant processing dimethylamine the ambient air contained less than 36.7 mg/cu m methylamine during 6 am to 6 pm period with the concentration oscillating during the period. The urine of workers contained 1.3-2.48 mg/L of monomethylamine during a 24 hr period.

Inhalation ... skin absorption, eye and skin contact.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product. /Methylamine solution 30-50%/

Controlled incineration (incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions).

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY. /Methylamine, anhydrous/

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Methylamine, anhydrous ID: 1061 [Table#2179]

/GUIDE 118 GASES - FLAMMABLE - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Some of these materials may react violently with water. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. /Methylamine, anhydrous/

/GUIDE 118 GASES - FLAMMABLE - CORROSIVE/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled. Vapors are extremely irritating. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. /Methylamine, anhydrous/

/GUIDE 118 GASES - FLAMMABLE - CORROSIVE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Methylamine, anhydrous/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for Methylamine (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1061 118(anhydrous)

1235 132(aqueous)

UN 1061; Methylamine, anhydrous

UN 1235; Methylamine, aqueous solution

IMO 2.1; Methylamine, anhydrous

IMO 3; Methylamine, aqueous solution

49 055 30; Methylamine, anhydrous

49 078 40; Methylamine, aqueous solution

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Methylamine, anhydrous and methylamine, aqueous solution are included on the dangerous goods list. /Methylamine, anhydrous; Methylamine, aqueous solution/

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Methylamine, anhydrous and methylamine, aqueous solution are included on the dangerous goods list. /Methylamine, anhydrous; Methylamine, aqueous solution/

Methylamine, anhydrous, requires a shipping label of: "FLAMMABLE GAS." It falls in Hazard Class 2.1. Methylamine, aqueous solution, requires a shipping label of: "FLAMMABLE LIQUID, CORROSIVE." It falls in Hazard Class 3 and Packing Group II.

Flammable Gas

Flammable Liquid Corrosive

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: F+, Xn; R: 12-20-37/38-41; S: (2)-16-26-39

Symbol: F+, C; R: 12-20/22-34; S: (2)-3-16-26-29-36/37/39-45; Note: B

UN Hazard Class: 2.1

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Subsidiary Risks: 8; UN Pack Group: II