Titanium

Not Classified

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria by 606 of 808 companies

Aggregated GHS information provided per 808 reports by companies from 18 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 606 of 808 reports by companies.

There are 16 notifications provided by 202 of 808 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H228: Flammable solid [Danger Flammable solids]

H250: Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air [Danger Pyrophoric liquids]

H251: Self-heating; may catch fire [Danger Self-heating substances and mixtures]

P210, P222, P231, P233, P235, P240, P241, P280, P302+P335+P334, P370+P378, P407, P410, P413, and P420 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Refer to the "General First Aid" section. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

DO NOT USE WATER, CO2 OR FOAM ON MATERIAL ITSELF. Some of these materials may react violently with water. CAUTION: For Xanthates, UN3342 and for Dithionite (Hydrosulfite/Hydrosulphite) UN1384, UN1923 and UN1929, USE FLOODING AMOUNTS OF WATER for SMALL AND LARGE fires to stop the reaction. Smothering will not work for these materials, they do not need air to burn.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, soda ash, lime or DRY sand, EXCEPT for UN1384, UN1923, UN1929 and UN3342.

LARGE FIRE: DRY sand, dry chemical, soda ash or lime EXCEPT for UN1384, UN1923, UN1929 and UN3342, or withdraw from area and let fire burn. CAUTION: UN3342 when flooded with water will continue to evolve flammable Carbon disulfide/Carbon disulphide vapors. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers or in contact with substance. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

DO NOT USE WATER, FOAM OR CO2. Dousing metallic fires with water will generate hydrogen gas, an extremely dangerous explosion hazard, particularly if fire is in a confined environment (i.e., building, cargo hold, etc.). Use DRY sand, graphite powder, dry sodium chloride-based extinguishers, or class D extinguishers. Confining and smothering metal fires is preferable rather than applying water. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: If impossible to extinguish, protect surroundings and allow fire to burn itself out. (ERG, 2024)

ORDINARY EXTINGUISHERS ARE OFTEN INEFFECTIVE AGAINST TITANIUM FIRES. SUCH FIRES REQUIRE SPECIAL EXTINGUISHERS DESIGNED FOR METAL FIRES. IN AIRTIGHT ENCLOSURES TITANIUM FIRES CAN BE CONTROLLED BY THE USE OF ARGON OR HELIUM. TITANIUM, IN THE ABSENCE OF MOISTURE, BURNS SLOWLY, BUT EVOLVES MUCH HEAT.

DO NOT USE WATER OR CARBON DIOXIDE TO EXTINGUISH.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use graphite, soda ash, powdered sodium chloride, or suitable dry powder. /Titanium powder, wetted/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not use water. Use graphite, soda ash, powdered sodium chloride, or suitable dry powder. /Titanium powder, dry/

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

Small Spill

CAUTION: For spills of Xanthates, UN3342 and for Dithionite (Hydrosulfite/Hydrosulphite), UN1384, UN1923 and UN1929, dissolve in 5 parts water and collect for proper disposal.

CAUTION: UN3342 when flooded with water will continue to evolve flammable Carbon disulfide/Carbon disulphide vapors.

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 50 meters (160 feet).

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Large Spill

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 50 meters (160 feet).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

ADEQUATE VENTILATION & LUBRICATION SHOULD BE PROVIDED DURING SAWING, GRINDING & POLISHING OF TITANIUM METAL.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Keep material wet. /Titanium powder, dry/

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Keep material wet. /Titanium powder, wetted/

Personnel protection: ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Titanium powder, dry; titanium powder, wetted/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

SMALL SPILL: CAUTION: For spills of Xanthates, UN3342 and for Dithionite (Hydrosulfite/Hydrosulphite), UN1384, UN1923 and UN1929, dissolve in 5 parts water and collect for proper disposal. CAUTION: UN3342 when flooded with water will continue to evolve flammable Carbon disulfide/Carbon disulphide vapors. Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

15 [mg/m3]

170 [mg/m3]

990 [mg/m3]

· DO NOT USE WATER, CO2 OR FOAM ON MATERIAL ITSELF.

· Some of these materials may react violently with water.

CAUTION: For Xanthates, UN3342 and for Dithionite (Hydrosulfite/Hydrosulphite) UN1384, UN1923 and UN1929, USE FLOODING AMOUNTS OF WATER for SMALL AND LARGE fires to stop the reaction. Smothering will not work for these materials, they do not need air to burn.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, soda ash, lime or DRY sand, EXCEPT for UN1384, UN1923, UN1929 and UN3342.

Large Fire

· DRY sand, dry chemical, soda ash or lime EXCEPT for UN1384, UN1923, UN1929 and UN3342, or withdraw from area and let fire burn.

CAUTION: UN3342 when flooded with water will continue to evolve flammable Carbon disulfide/Carbon disulphide vapors.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Do not get water inside containers or in contact with substance.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· DO NOT USE WATER, FOAM OR CO2.

· Dousing metallic fires with water will generate hydrogen gas, an extremely dangerous explosion hazard, particularly if fire is in a confined environment (i.e., building, cargo hold, etc.).

· Use DRY sand, graphite powder, dry sodium chloride-based extinguishers, or class D extinguishers.

· Confining and smothering metal fires is preferable rather than applying water.

· If impossible to extinguish, protect surroundings and allow fire to burn itself out.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 135 [Substances - Spontaneously Combustible]:

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2024)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 170 [Metals (Powders, Dusts, Shavings, Borings, Turnings, or Cuttings, etc.)]:

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2024)

WORKERS SHOULD ALSO WEAR PERSONAL & RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WHERE NECESSARY.

Titanium powder, dry is a gray lustrous powder. It can be easily ignited and burns with an intense flame. The very finely powdered material may be ignited by sparks.

Titanium powder, wetted with not less than 25% water appears as a gray lustrous sludge. Easily ignited when dry. Very finely powdered material may be ignited by sparks.

Titanium sponge granules appears as a white-colored solid. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion. May ignite and burn with an intense flame if exposed to high temperatures or flame.

CBI; Large Crystals; Other Solid; Dry Powder

Dark gray lustrous metal; [Merck Index]

Dark gray lustrous metal, hexagonal below 882.5 °C, cubic above

3287 °C @760 [mm Hg]

INSOL IN WATER; SOL IN DILUTE ACIDS

4.506 @ 20 °C

4.506 @25 °C

1.0X10-79 atm @ 25 °C

1200 °C FOR SOLID METAL IN AIR; 250 °C FOR POWDER

9.83X10+6 J/kg

Brittle when cold, malleable when hot, ductile only when free of oxygen; combines with nitrogen @ 800 °C

Decomp steam @ 700-800 °C; attacked by acids only on heating; combines with oxygen @ red heat; specific heat: 5.98 cal/g-atom at 25 °C; oxidized by nitric acid

ATOMIC NUMBER: 22; ATOMIC RADIUS: 1.36 A; ORBITAL ELECTRONS: (AR) 3D2-4S2; IONIC CRYSTAL RADII: 0.90 A (+2); 0.68 A (+4); ELECTRONEGATIVITY (PAULING SCALE): 1.5

Reacts with fluorine @ 150 °C, with chlorine @ 300 °C, with bromine @ 360 °C, with iodine above 360 °C

For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for TITANIUM (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

thermal expansion coefficient

electron density of states

dielectric constant

electromagnetic induction

optical coefficient

crystal structure

fusion temperature

Debye frequency

isoelectronic shift

deformation parameter

dielectricity

diffusion

enthalpy

radiation

electron-phonon interaction

electrode potential

isothermal section

Gibbs energy

Lorenz number

impurity solubility

Wyckoff sequence

lattice strain

Highly flammable. Pyrophoric in dust form [Bretherick 1979, p. 104]. Titanium is water-reactive at 700C, releasing hydrogen, which may cause an explosion [Subref: Mellor, 1941, vol. 7, 19].

Highly flammable Pyrophoric in dust form [Bretherick 1979, p. 104]. Titanium is water-reactive at 700C, releasing hydrogen, which may cause an explosion [Subref: Mellor, 1941, vol. 7, 19].

Highly flammable. Pyrophoric in dust form [Bretherick 1979, p. 104]. Insoluble in water. Titanium is water-reactive at 700C, releasing hydrogen, which may cause an explosion [Subref: Mellor, 1941, vol. 7, 19].

Metals, Elemental and Powder, Active

Water and Aqueous Solutions

Strong Reducing Agent

Known Catalytic Activity

Pyrophoric

Highly Flammable

CSL00090

NIOBIUM + TITANIUM

acid etched Niobium titanium (NbTi) filaments are combustible upon exposure to static electricity or electrostatic discharge.

Flammable

User-Reported

TITANIUM reacts violently with cupric oxide and lead oxide when heated. When titanium is heated with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, or potassium permanganate, an explosion occurs [Mellor 7:20. 1946-47]. The residue from the reaction of titanium with red fuming nitric acid exploded violently when the flask was touched [Allison 1969]. Liquid oxygen gives a detonable mixture when combined with powdered titanium, [Kirchenbaum 1956].

TITANIUM is a reducing agent. Powdering increases its reactivity. Wetting reduces the reactivity of the powder. Titanium reacts violently with cupric oxide and lead oxide when heated. When titanium is heated with potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, or potassium permanganate, an explosion occurs [Mellor 7:20. 1946-47]. The residue from the reaction of titanium with red fuming nitric acid exploded violently when the flask was touched [Allison 1969]. Liquid oxygen gives a detonable mixture when combined with powdered titanium, [Kirchenbaum 1956].

Interaction with copper(II) oxide or lead(II, IV) oxide is violent.

... Reacts violently with /bromine trifluoride, copper oxide, lead oxide, (nickel + potassium chlorate)/, metaloxy salts, halocarbons, halogens, /carbon dioxide/, metal carbonates, /aluminum/, water, /silver fluoride, oxygen/, nitryl fluoride, /nitric acid, potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, potassium manganate/, steam @ 704 °C, trichloroethylene, trichlorotrifluoroethane.

Most finely divided forms of titanium are flammable in air.

Titanium burns in carbon dioxide above 550 °C.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for TITANIUM (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Titanium

PDF Document

... REPORT OF LUNG CHANGES IN ANIMALS EXPOSED FOR 5 MO TO TITANIUM COMBINED WITH CARBON. CHANGES WERE SAID TO RESEMBLE SILICOSIS, LESIONS NOT FOUND IN ANIMALS EXPOSED FOR SEVERAL YR TO DUST OF ... CARBOLOY WHICH CONTAINS TITANIUM CARBON CMPD ... .

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

/INVESTIGATOR/ ... STUDIED CASE OF CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE IN WORKER EXPOSED TO SEVERAL METALS ... TITANIUM WAS FOUND IN LUNG BIOPSY.

LACK OF TOXICITY ... BY CONTACT WITH SKIN & TISSUES HAS BEEN ... DEMONSTRATED BY ITS USE IN THERAPY OF SKIN DISORDERS & IN SURGICAL APPLIANCES.

Food is considered to be the principal source of titanium exposure for humans. The chemical and biological kinetics and metabolism of titanium are discussed. The only carcinogenic effects of titanium thus far reported have been the development of fibrosarcomas at the injection sites in exposed rats. There is no evidence that titanium is carcinogenic in humans. /It was concluded/ that the current extent of exposure to titanium of the general population does not pose a health risk.

DISKS OF TITANIUM METAL IMPLANTED IN MUSCLE OF DOGS & LEFT IN SITU FOR 7 MO WERE INERT; WOUND HEALED & METAL WAS ENCAPSULATED WITH FIBROUS TISSUE.

INHALATION /OF TITANIUM DUST/ HAS CAUSED ONLY SLIGHT LESIONS OF LUNG ... .

... INERTNESS & LACK OF RESPONSE IN BONE TISSUE HAS ... BEEN SHOWN BY RESULTS OF PLATING & FIXATION OF FRACTURES IN DOGS BY TITANIUM PLATES & SCREWS.

CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES WERE PERFORMED ON 50 RATS USING 6 MONTHLY INTRAMUSCULAR DOSES EACH CONTAINING 6 MG OF TITANIUM METAL POWDER SUSPENDED IN 0.2 ML OF TRIOCTANOIN. INCR RATES OF FIBROSARCOMAS & LYMPHOSARCOMAS WERE OBSERVED IN RATS, WHICH SURVIVED UP TO 820 DAYS COMPARED WITH CONTROLS.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TITANIUM (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... EXPOSURE TO TITANIUM IS MAINLY ASSOC WITH METAL, DIOXIDE, CARBIDE, OR TETRACHLORIDE. EXPOSURE ... USUALLY IN FORM OF DUST BUT EXPOSURES TO FUMES & VAPORS OCCUR DURING HANDLING OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE.

... EXPOSURE TO TITANIUM IS MAINLY ASSOC WITH METAL, DIOXIDE, CARBIDE, OR TETRACHLORIDE. EXPOSURE ... USUALLY IN FORM OF DUST BUT EXPOSURES TO FUMES & VAPORS OCCUR DURING HANDLING OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May ignite on contact with moist air or moisture. May burn rapidly with flare-burning effect. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. /Titanium powder, dry/

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Health: Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Inhalation of decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. /Titanium powder, dry/

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Stay upwind. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Keep out of low areas. /Titanium powder, dry/

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Titanium powder, dry/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for TITANIUM (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1352; Titanium powder, wetted with not less than 2% water (a visible excess of water must be present) (a) mechanically produced; particle size less than 53 microns; or (b) chemically produced: particle size less than 840 microns.

UN 2546; Titanium powder, dry.

UN 2878; Titanium sponge granules or Titanium sponge powders.

IMO 4.1; Titanium sponge granules or Titanium sponge powders; Titanium powder, wetted with not less than 2% water (a visible excess of water must be present) (a) mechanically produced; particle size less than 53 microns; or (b) chemically produced: particle size less than 840 microns.

IMO 4.2; Titanium powder, dry.

49 167 85; Titanium metal powder, dry or wet (with less than 20% water.

49 167 80; Titanium metal powder, wet, with 20% or more water.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Spontaneously Combustible

Flammable Solid