cyclopropane

H220: Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, and P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H220 (100%): Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]

H280 (98.7%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H340 (26%): May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]

H350 (26%): May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P210, P222, P280, P318, P377, P381, P403, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 154 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

P203, P210, P222, P261, P271, P280, P304+P340, P319, P377, P381, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

INHALATION: remove promptly to fresh air; if symptoms of asphyxia- tion persist, administer artificial respiration and oxygen; treat symptomatically thereafter.

SKIN: if frostbite has occurred, apply warm water; treat burn. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Clothing frozen to the skin should be thawed before being removed.

· In case of contact with liquefied gas, only medical personnel should attempt thawing frosted parts.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:

DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed (UN2034) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray or fog. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972) pool fires, DO NOT USE water. Use dry chemical or high-expansion foam.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

STOP FLOW OF GAS, THEN USE CARBON DIOXIDE, DRY CHEMICAL, OR WATER SPRAY.

Cool exposed containers and protect men effecting shutoff with water.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.

CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972), DO NOT apply water, regular or alcohol-resistant foam directly on spill. Use a high-expansion foam if available to reduce vapors.

· Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas.

· Isolate area until gas has dispersed.

CAUTION: When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. In fires involving Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (UN1075), Butane (UN1011), Butylene (UN1012), Isobutylene (UN1055), Propylene (UN1077), Isobutane (UN1969), and Propane (UN1978), also refer to the "BLEVE - Safety Precautions" section. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

Large Spill

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

· In fires involving Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (UN1075), Butane (UN1011), Butylene (UN1012), Isobutylene (UN1055), Propylene (UN1077), Isobutane (UN1969), and Propane (UN1978), also refer to the "BLEVE - Safety Precautions" section.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972), DO NOT apply water, regular or alcohol-resistant foam directly on spill. Use a high-expansion foam if available to reduce vapors. Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. CAUTION: When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning. (ERG, 2024)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

· Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids.

150 [mg/m3]

1600 [mg/m3]

9600 [mg/m3]

1000.0 [ppm]

· DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed (UN2034) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

Large Fire

· Water spray or fog.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972) pool fires, DO NOT USE water. Use dry chemical or high-expansion foam.

Fire Involving Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

TWA Netherlands 400 ppm 690 mg/cu m

Self-contained breathing apparatus for high concentrations of vapor; safety goggles or face shield. (USCG, 1999)

Self-contained breathing apparatus for high concn of vapor; safety goggles or face shield.

Cyclopropane is a colorless gas with a petroleum-like odor. It is shipped as a liquid at 4-6 atms. It is easily ignited. The vapors are heavier than air. Contact with the liquid may cause frostbite. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air and has a narcotic effect in high concentration (formerly used as an anesthetic gas). Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.

Colorless gas; [Hawley] Shipped as liquid under its own vapor pressure; [CAMEO]

COLORLESS GAS

RESEMBLES THAT OF PETROLEUM ETHER

Mild, sweet

Odorless

Characteristic odor resembling that of solvent naphtha

-27.2 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

-32.8 °C @ 760 MM HG

-33.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-197.3 °F (USCG, 1999)

-127.4 °C

-126.6 °C

OSTWALD SOLUBILITY COEFFICIENT (37 °C) IN H2O: 0.20; IN BLOOD: 0.42 AND IN OIL: 11.9

FREELY SOL IN ALCOHOL, ETHER; SOL IN FIXED OILS, CONCN SULFURIC ACID; 1 VOL DISSOLVES IN ABOUT 2.7 VOL OF WATER AT 15 °C

Soluble in benzene; very soluble in ethanol, ether.

3.81X10+2 mg/l water at 35 °C

0.676 at -27.4 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

1.879 G/L AT 0 °C & 1 ATM

1.879 @ 0°C

1.88 (Air= 1)

5.41X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C/ calculated from experimentally derived coefficients/

5410 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = 1.72

932 °F (USCG, 1999)

928 °F (497 °C)

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

-21247 Btu/lb= -11804 cal/g= -493.88X10+5 J/kg

Molar enthalpy of vaporization: 20.05 kJ/mol at -32.81 °C; 16.93 kJ/mol at 25 °C

22 dynes/cm= 0.022 N/m @ -40 °C

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.3799 @ -42.5 °C/D

LIQUEFIES AT 4-6 ATM

Heat of Fusion: 30.92 cal/g

Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gas): 1.1790

Heat of Vaporization: 5897.7 gcal/gmole

For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for CYCLOPROPANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Coriolis coupling

Dunham energy parameter

Schoenflies notation

Acentric factor

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Saturated

Highly Flammable

CYCLOPROPANE is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents such as nitric acid. Boiling of the liquid and charring may occur followed by ignition of remaining material and other nearby combustibles. Adsorbed readily by concentrated sulfuric acid [Merck]. In other settings, mostly unreactive. Not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. When heated sufficiently or when ignited in the presence of air, oxygen or strong oxidizing agents, burns exothermically to produce carbon dioxide and water. Mixtures with oxygen or air may explode [Merck]. Contact of the cold liquefied gas with water may result in vigorous or violent boiling and extremely rapid vaporization due to the large temperature differences involved. If the water is hot, a liquid "superheat" explosion may occur. Pressures may build to dangerous levels if the liquid contacts water in a closed container, [Handling Chemicals Safely, 1980. p. 250].

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Other Poison - Simple Asphyxiant

LCLo (mice) = 282,000 mg/m3/2h

ONE SERIOUS DRUG INTERACTION INVOLVES SENSITIZATION OF MYOCARDIUM TO CATECHOLAMINES BY CYCLOPROPANE & SOME HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS... IN PRESENCE OF THESE, ADMIN OF EPINEPHRINE, ISOPROTERENOL, OR LEVARTERENOL MARKEDLY INCREASES INCIDENCE OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.

VENTILATION IS PROGRESSIVELY DEPRESSED AS ANESTHESIA IS DEEPENED, PARTICULARLY IF A NARCOTIC ANALGESIC HAS BEEN USED FOR PREMEDICATION...

THE DOSE OF NONDEPOLARIZING NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS (TUBOCURARINE, METOCURINE, PANCURONIUM, & GALLAMINE) SHOULD BE REDUCED WHEN USED WITH CYCLOPROPANE...BECAUSE THESE ANESTHETICS POTENTIATE MUSCLE RELAXANT EFFECTS OF NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING DRUGS.

ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS EG ATROPINE, SCOPOLAMINE, & GLYCOPYRROLATE...ARE...USED TO PROTECT AGAINST BRADYCARDIA, HYPOTENSION, & EVEN CARDIAC ARREST INDUCED BY...CYCLOPROPANE...

For immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If victim is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Simple asphyxiants and related compounds/

For basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... Use rapid rewarming techniques if frost bite occurs ... . /Simple asphyxiants and related compounds/

CYCLOPROPANE INCR IRRITABILITY OF PACEMAKER & CONDUCTION TISSUES & VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS CAN OCCUR, ESPECIALLY IF ANESTHESIA IS DEEP OR VENTILATION IS INADEQUATE & HYPERCAPNIA DEVELOPS.

CYCLOPROPANE IS MINIMALLY IRRITATING TO THE RESPIRATORY TRACT, AND THEREFORE, RESPIRATORY ALTERATIONS SUCH AS BREATH-HOLDING, TACHYPNEA AND COUGHING ARE LESS FREQUENT... LARYNGO-SPASM MAY DEVELOP DURING INDUCTION... DELIRIUM DURING INDUCTION IS NOT UNCOMMON.

A VARIETY OF ARRHYTHMIAS MAY OCCUR DURING THE ADMINISTRATION OF CYCLOPROPANE, INCLUDING SINUS BRADYCARDIA, ATRIAL EXTRASYSTOLES, ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, A-V NODAL RHYTHMS, VENTRICULAR EXTRASYSTOLES, AND BIGEMINAL RHYTHM.

THERE IS NO EVIDENCE THAT CYCLOPROPANE IS HEPATOTOXIC...

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CYCLOPROPANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

POST-ANESTHETIC VOMITING OFTEN FOLLOWS THE USE OF CYCLOPROPANE IN SMALL ANIMALS.

CYCLOPROPANE ASSESSED IN VITRO BY MICROBIAL ASSAY EMPLOYING 2 HISTIDINE-DEPENDENT STRAINS OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM, TA1535 & TA100. CYCLOPROPANE WAS NOT MUTAGENIC.

Cyclopropane acts rapidly in the dog and serves as a model for predicting anesthetic concentrations for human application. In chickens, exposure for 6 hr produced embryonic abnormalities at 10 to 20% and death at 20 to 30% in 12 hr exposures.

CYCLOPROPANE LOWERED THE ARTERIAL PRESSURE OF THE PITHED RAT. HEART RATE WAS UNCHANGED. CYCLOPROPANE DECR THE PRESSOR RESPONSES TO SYMPATHETIC NERVE STIMULATION AND REDUCED MOTOR RESPONSES OF SMOOTH MUSCLE OF THE COLON TO PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULATION.

Cyclopropane's use in organic syntheses may result in its release to the environment. If released to the atmosphere, cyclopropane is expected to exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere, based on an experimental vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C. Vapor-phase cyclopropane is expected to be degraded by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxy radicals (half-life 230 days). If released to soil, cyclopropane is expected to have moderate mobility given an estimated Koc of 210. Volatilization from both wet and dry soil surfaces is expected to occur based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mol and an experimental vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C, respectively. If released into water, cyclopropane is expected to have some adsorption to suspended solids and sediments based upon the estimated Koc. Cyclopropane is expected to volatilize from water surfaces given its Henry's Law constant. Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.9 hours and 2.6 days, respectively. Bioconcentration is not expected to be an environmentally important removal process in aquatic systems. Occupational exposure to cyclopropane may occur through inhalation of this gas at workplaces where it is produced or used. (SRC)

Cyclopropane's production and use in organic syntheses(1) will result in its release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 210(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow of 1.72(2,SRC) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that cyclopropane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of cyclopropane from moist soil surfaces is expected to occur(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), determined from experimental values for vapor pressure, 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(4) and water solubility, 380 mg/l(5). The potential for volatilization of cyclopropane from dry soil surfaces may exist based on a measured vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(4,SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 210(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow of 1.72(2,SRC) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that cyclopropane is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Cyclopropane is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(4,5,SRC). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.9 hours and 2.6 days, respectively(3,SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF value of 12(3,SRC), from an experimental log Kow of 1.72(2,SRC), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), cyclopropane, which has an experimental vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cyclopropane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the estimated half-life for this reaction in air is about 230 days(3,SRC).

The experimental rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cyclopropane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 0.07X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 230 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). Cyclopropane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis or direct photolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups to hydrolyze(2,SRC) or its lack of ability to absorb light in the environmental spectrum(SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 12 was calculated for cyclopropane(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 1.72(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of cyclopropane is estimated as approximately 210(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 1.72(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that cyclopropane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for cyclopropane is estimated as 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) from its experimental values for vapor pressure, 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 380 mg/l(2). This value indicates that cyclopropane will volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 1.9 hours(3,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 2.6 days(3,SRC). Cyclopropane is expected to volatilize from moist soil surfaces given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(1,2,SRC). The potential for volatilization of cyclopropane from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a measured vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(1).

Cyclopropane was identified in stack emissions from a waste incinerator plant(1).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Cyclopropane was identified, but not quantitated, in air samples from Pretoria, Johannesburg, and Durban, South Africa, between 1975 and 1976(1).

Occupational exposure to cyclopropane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. (SRC)

Cyclopropane's use in organic syntheses may result in its release to the environment. If released to the atmosphere, cyclopropane is expected to exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere, based on an experimental vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C. Vapor-phase cyclopropane is expected to be degraded by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxy radicals (half-life 230 days). If released to soil, cyclopropane is expected to have moderate mobility given an estimated Koc of 210. Volatilization from both wet and dry soil surfaces is expected to occur based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mol and an experimental vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C, respectively. If released into water, cyclopropane is expected to have some adsorption to suspended solids and sediments based upon the estimated Koc. Cyclopropane is expected to volatilize from water surfaces given its Henry's Law constant. Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.9 hours and 2.6 days, respectively. Bioconcentration is not expected to be an environmentally important removal process in aquatic systems. Occupational exposure to cyclopropane may occur through inhalation of this gas at workplaces where it is produced or used. (SRC)

Cyclopropane's production and use in organic syntheses(1) will result in its release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 210(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow of 1.72(2,SRC) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that cyclopropane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of cyclopropane from moist soil surfaces is expected to occur(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), determined from experimental values for vapor pressure, 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(4) and water solubility, 380 mg/l(5). The potential for volatilization of cyclopropane from dry soil surfaces may exist based on a measured vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(4,SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 210(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow of 1.72(2,SRC) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that cyclopropane is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Cyclopropane is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(4,5,SRC). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.9 hours and 2.6 days, respectively(3,SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF value of 12(3,SRC), from an experimental log Kow of 1.72(2,SRC), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), cyclopropane, which has an experimental vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cyclopropane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the estimated half-life for this reaction in air is about 230 days(3,SRC).

The experimental rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cyclopropane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 0.07X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 230 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). Cyclopropane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis or direct photolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups to hydrolyze(2,SRC) or its lack of ability to absorb light in the environmental spectrum(SRC).

An estimated BCF value of 12 was calculated for cyclopropane(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 1.72(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of cyclopropane is estimated as approximately 210(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 1.72(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that cyclopropane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for cyclopropane is estimated as 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) from its experimental values for vapor pressure, 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 380 mg/l(2). This value indicates that cyclopropane will volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 1.9 hours(3,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 2.6 days(3,SRC). Cyclopropane is expected to volatilize from moist soil surfaces given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.79 atm-cu m/mole(1,2,SRC). The potential for volatilization of cyclopropane from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a measured vapor pressure of 5.4X10+3 mm Hg(1).

Cyclopropane was identified in stack emissions from a waste incinerator plant(1).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Cyclopropane was identified, but not quantitated, in air samples from Pretoria, Johannesburg, and Durban, South Africa, between 1975 and 1976(1).

Occupational exposure to cyclopropane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used. (SRC)

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 115: GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Fire or Explosion: EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Methane (UN1971) are lighter than air and will rise. Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.) Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

/GUIDE 115: GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Health: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be irritating if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.

/GUIDE 115: GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Keep out of low areas.

/GUIDE 115: GASES - FLAMMABLE (Including Refrigerated Liquids)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CYCLOPROPANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1027; Cyclopropane

IMO 3.0; Cyclopropane

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Gas