tert-butylamine

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301 (17.4%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H302 (88.7%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (79.5%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331 (97.6%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H412 (88.7%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 327 reports by companies from 15 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P273, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P316, P321, P330, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting. Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

This chemical is a combustible liquid. Poisonous gases including nitrogen oxides are produced in fire. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol foam extinguishers. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. Containers may explode in fire. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position. If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped in OSHA 1910.156. /Butyl Amines/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.

... Vapors /of 2-methyl-2-propanamine/ are heavier than air.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable. /Butyl Amines/

Small Spills: Use absorbent paper to pick up spilled material. Follow by washing surfaces well with soap and water. Seal all wastes in vapor-tight plastic bags for eventual disposal.

Environmental considerations-land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).

Environmental considerations-water spill: Add sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4). If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Environmental considerations-air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Controlled incineration; incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions. /Butyl Amines/

Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. /n-Butylamine/

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2024)

Store in a refrigerator. Keep under an inert atmosphere for long-term storage.

2.0 [ppm]

1.4 [mg/m3]

15 [mg/m3]

170 [mg/m3]

Self-contained breathing apparatus; goggles or face shield; rubber gloves (USCG, 1999)

Wear protective gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin contact. Teflon is recommended by safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers for n-Butylamine and Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and VITON/chlorobutylene for Isobutylamine. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Wear dust-proof chemical goggles and face shield unless full face-piece respiratory protection is worn. Employees should wash immediately with soap when skin is wet or contaminated. Provide emergency showers and eyewash. /Butyl Amines/

Wear goggles, self-contained breathing apparatus, and rubber overclothing (including gloves).

Tert-butylamine appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Flash point 70 °F. Less dense (at 6.2 lb / gal) than water. Vapors heavier than air. Toxic oxides of nitrogen produced during combustion.

Colorless liquid with an amine odor; [HSDB]

Colorless liquid

Strong amine odor

111.9 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

44 - 46 °C

46.4 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-89.5 °F (NTP, 1992)

-72.65 °C

-67.5 °C

50 °F (NTP, 1992)

16 °F (-8 °C) (closed cup)

Very soluble (NTP, 1992)

Miscible with alcohol and ether; soluble in chloroform

Sol in common organic solvents

In water, 1X10+6 mg/L at 25 °C /miscible/

0.696 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.6958 at 20 °C/4 °C

0.7 @25 °C

2.5 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

2.5 (AIR= 1)

568.7 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

372.0 [mmHg]

372 mm Hg at 25 °C

372 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = 0.40

Stable during transport.

716 °F (USCG, 1999)

716 °F (380 °C)

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitroxides.

Liquid will attack some forms of plastics.

-2995.5 kJ/mol at 25 °C (liquid); -3025.2 kJ/mol at 25 °C (gas)

29.64 kJ/mol at 25 °C

16.87 dynes/cm at 25 °C

Index of refraction: 1.3784 at 20 °C/D

pKa = 10.68 at 25 °C (conjugate acid)

BASIC IN SOLN /AMINES, ALIPHATIC/

Burning rate: 7 mm/min; Heat of solution = -170 Btu/lb= -96 cal/g = -4.0X10+5 J/kg

It weighs 6.2 lb/gal

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.18X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C

Highly flammable. May be sensitive to air (NTP, 1992). Soluble in water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Highly Flammable

TERT-BUTYLAMINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. Undergoes highly exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo-1,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid [J. Chem. Soc., 1, 1979, 2324].

Forms explosive mixture with air. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. n-Butylamine is a weak base; reacts with strong oxidizers and acids causing fire and explosion hazard. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Attacks some metals in presence of moitsure. /Butyl Amines/

Interaction /with 2,2-dibromo-1,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid/ is highly exothermic.

Very exothermic reaction with 2,2-dibromo-1,3-dimethylcyclopropanoic acid.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LC50 (rat) = 3,800 mg/m3/4H

LD50 Rat (male) oral 82.3 mg/kg; (female) oral 78.1 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse oral 900 mg/kg

LD50 Rats (male, female) 80 mg/kg

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mg/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Exposure to tertiary amines has been associated with a number of visual disturbances, including inability to focus and halovision. These result from edema (swelling) of the cornea (the clear, front part of the eye). In addition, a number of systemic effects have been reported, including tachycardia (rapid heart beat) and a transient drop in blood pressure.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Skin irritant.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ May cause pulmonary edema.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Irritation of eyes, nose, skin, and mucous membranes.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Amines ... may form strongly alkaline solutions, they can be damaging if splashed in the eye or if allowed to contaminate the skin. /Amines, aliphatic/

EC50; Species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Green algae); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 16000 ug/L for 96 hr; Effect: general growth

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The toxicity of amines to aquatic animals (Selenastrum capricornutum /Freshwater algae/ , Daphnia magna /Daphnid/, and Salmo gairdneri /Rainbow trout/) depended on their structure and was species-dependent. ... The integrated rating system (Canton and Sloof, 1979) was used for evaluation of the environmental hazard of these amines.

tert-Butylamine's production and use as an intermediate for rubber accelerators, insecticides, fungicides, dyestuffs, and pharmaceuticals may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. tert-Butylamine is a natural component of tobacco and may be released to the environment through the use and decomposition of tobacco products. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 372 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates tert-butylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase tert-butylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 33 hours. tert-Butylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, tert-butylamine is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 40. The pKa of tert-butylamine is 10.68 indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon its cation state. tert-Butylamine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge, suggesting that biodegradation may be rapid in the environment. If released into water, tert-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. A pKa of 10.68 indicates tert-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to tert-butylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tert-butylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to tert-butylamine via the use of tobacco products, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing tert-butylamine. (SRC)

... amines from decomposing fish ... /Amines/

tert-Butylamine has been found to occur naturally in Latakia tobacco leaves(1).

Volatile amines, incl tert-butylamine, were present (about 0.8% of the total organic carbon) in a municipal waste dump at the acidification stage (as opposed to the methane fermentation stage) in the Netherlands.

tert-Butylamine's production and use as an intermediate for rubber accelerators, insecticides, fungicides, dyestuffs, and pharmaceuticals(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.40(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tert-butylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of tert-butylamine is 10.68(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of tert-butylamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given its cation state(SRC). tert-Butylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(6). tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge(7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.40(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tert-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 10.68(4) indicates tert-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tert-butylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 372 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tert-butylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 33 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.18X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). tert-Butylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: No biodegradation of tert-butylamine (10-100 ppm) was observed over a 12-day incubation period using Sapromat respiration assays with river mud bacteria inocula, treatment plant sludge inocula, or adapted bacteria inocula(1). tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge using a Warburg respirometer(2). The bacteria Alcaligenes faecalis, isolated from activated sludge, was not able to biodegrade tert-butylamine using the Warburg technique(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tert-butylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 1.18X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 33 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(SRC). tert-Butylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). tert-Butylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for tert-butylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.40(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of tert-butylamine is estimated as 40(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.40(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that tert-butylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of tert-butylamine is 10.68(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

A pKa of 10.68(1) indicates tert-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces and moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). The potential for volatilization of tert-butylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 372 mm Hg(1).

tert-Butylamine was detected in the leachate from a municipal refuse waste disposal site in the Netherlands at a concn of 41 ppm(1). tert-Butylamine was identified, not quantified, in the effluent of a cattle feed lot(2).

tert-Butylamine is a constituent of tobacco smoke(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 4,354 workers (729 of these are female) are potentially exposed to tert-butylamine in the US(1). Occupational exposure to tert-butylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tert-butylamine is produced or used(SRC). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to tert-butylamine via the use of tobacco products, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing tert-butylamine(SRC).

EC50; Species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Green algae); Conditions: freshwater, static; Concentration: 16000 ug/L for 96 hr; Effect: general growth

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The toxicity of amines to aquatic animals (Selenastrum capricornutum /Freshwater algae/ , Daphnia magna /Daphnid/, and Salmo gairdneri /Rainbow trout/) depended on their structure and was species-dependent. ... The integrated rating system (Canton and Sloof, 1979) was used for evaluation of the environmental hazard of these amines.

tert-Butylamine's production and use as an intermediate for rubber accelerators, insecticides, fungicides, dyestuffs, and pharmaceuticals may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. tert-Butylamine is a natural component of tobacco and may be released to the environment through the use and decomposition of tobacco products. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 372 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates tert-butylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase tert-butylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 33 hours. tert-Butylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, tert-butylamine is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 40. The pKa of tert-butylamine is 10.68 indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon its cation state. tert-Butylamine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge, suggesting that biodegradation may be rapid in the environment. If released into water, tert-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. A pKa of 10.68 indicates tert-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to tert-butylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tert-butylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to tert-butylamine via the use of tobacco products, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing tert-butylamine. (SRC)

... amines from decomposing fish ... /Amines/

tert-Butylamine has been found to occur naturally in Latakia tobacco leaves(1).

Volatile amines, incl tert-butylamine, were present (about 0.8% of the total organic carbon) in a municipal waste dump at the acidification stage (as opposed to the methane fermentation stage) in the Netherlands.

tert-Butylamine's production and use as an intermediate for rubber accelerators, insecticides, fungicides, dyestuffs, and pharmaceuticals(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.40(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tert-butylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of tert-butylamine is 10.68(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of tert-butylamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given its cation state(SRC). tert-Butylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(6). tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge(7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.40(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that tert-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 10.68(4) indicates tert-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tert-butylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 372 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tert-butylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 33 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.18X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). tert-Butylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: No biodegradation of tert-butylamine (10-100 ppm) was observed over a 12-day incubation period using Sapromat respiration assays with river mud bacteria inocula, treatment plant sludge inocula, or adapted bacteria inocula(1). tert-Butylamine was biodegraded by aniline-acclimated activated sludge using a Warburg respirometer(2). The bacteria Alcaligenes faecalis, isolated from activated sludge, was not able to biodegrade tert-butylamine using the Warburg technique(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tert-butylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 1.18X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 33 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(SRC). tert-Butylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). tert-Butylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for tert-butylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.40(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of tert-butylamine is estimated as 40(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.40(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that tert-butylamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of tert-butylamine is 10.68(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

A pKa of 10.68(1) indicates tert-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces and moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). The potential for volatilization of tert-butylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 372 mm Hg(1).

tert-Butylamine was detected in the leachate from a municipal refuse waste disposal site in the Netherlands at a concn of 41 ppm(1). tert-Butylamine was identified, not quantified, in the effluent of a cattle feed lot(2).

tert-Butylamine is a constituent of tobacco smoke(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 4,354 workers (729 of these are female) are potentially exposed to tert-butylamine in the US(1). Occupational exposure to tert-butylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tert-butylamine is produced or used(SRC). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to tert-butylamine via the use of tobacco products, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing tert-butylamine(SRC).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Controlled incineration; incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions. /Butyl Amines/

Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. /n-Butylamine/

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Flammable liquid, poisonous, corrosive, NOS; Flammable liquid, toxic, corrosive, NOS/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Flammable liquid, poisonous, corrosive, NOS; Flammable liquid, toxic, corrosive, NOS/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Flammable liquid, poisonous, corrosive, NOS; Flammable liquid, toxic, corrosive, NOS/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Flammable liquid, poisonous, corrosive, NOS; Flammable liquid, toxic, corrosive, NOS/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for TERT-BUTYLAMINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

49 091 34; tert-Butylamine

Corrosive