Titanium Tetrachloride

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H317 (19.4%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

H318 (61.4%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (52.7%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (18.7%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H370 (23.8%): Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372 (23.8%): Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 546 reports by companies from 22 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

Warning: Titanium tetrachloride is extremely corrosive. Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Titanium Tetrachloride Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute ingestion of titanium tetrachloride may be severe and include salivation, intense thirst, difficulty in swallowing, nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, chills, pain, and shock. Oral, esophageal, and stomach burns are common. Vomitus generally has a coffee-ground appearance. The potential for circulatory collapse is high following ingestion of titanium tetrachloride. Acute inhalation exposure of titanium tetrachloride may result in headache, weakness, sneezing, hoarseness, sore throat, choking, laryngitis, and respiratory tract irritation. Bleeding of nose and gums, ulceration of the nasal and oral mucosa, bronchitis, pneumonia, dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and pulmonary edema may also occur. If the eyes have come in contact with titanium tetrachloride, irritation, pain, swelling, corneal erosion, and blindness may result. Dermal exposure may result in dermatitis (red, inflamed skin), severe burns, and pain.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to titanium tetrachloride exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to titanium tetrachloride.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. RUSH to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to titanium tetrachloride.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. RUSH to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize!

3. Rinse mouth with large amounts of water. Inform victims not to swallow this water.

4. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

5. Activated charcoal is of no value.

6. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.

7. RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

Not flammable. For small fires, use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. For large fires, flood fire area with water from a distance. Do not get solid streams of water on spilled material. Move container from fire area if this can be done without risk. Cool containers exposed to flames with water until well after fire is out. (EPA, 1998)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.

Will react with water. Use water spray if necessary to keep containers cool.

If material involved in fire: Use dry chemical, dry sand, or carbon dioxide. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container.

· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

HCl - when spill Titanium tetrachloride into water.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1838 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

When spilled on land

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)

Large spill:

When spilled in water

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.3 km (0.2 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 1.2 km (0.7 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.2 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.4 km (0.3 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.5 km (0.3 mi)

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Ventilation. Do NOT use water. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable acid resistant containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/SRP: For lab quantity material only & perform in laboratory hood./ Transfer into an evaporating dish containing sodium bicarbonate. Spray with ammonia (6M-NH4OH) while stirring and then spread with crushed ice. Continue spraying with ammonia until the smoke of ammonium chloride partly subsides and add iced water while stirring. Neutralize and slowly transfer the mixture into a drain with running water.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock down vapors. Do not use water on material itself. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024)

Separated from food and feedstuffs. Dry. Well closed.

KEEP TIGHTLY CLOSED.

PROTECT AGAINST PHYSICAL DAMAGE. OUTSIDE OR DETACHED STORAGE IS PREFERABLE.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

NR = Not recommended due to insufficient data

AEGLs Status: Interim

0.64 [ppm]

1.0 [ppm]

5.7 [ppm]

0.5 [ppm], as HCl

(as HCl, ceiling value): 0.5 ppm as STEL; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen)

· When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Large Fire

· Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply, responders should withdraw.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

ERPG-1: 5 mg/m3 - one hour exposure limit: 1 = mild transient health effects or objectionable odor [AIHA]

ERPG-2: 20 mg/m3 - one hour exposure limit: 2 = impaired ability to take protective action [AIHA]

ERPG-3: 100 mg/m3 - one hour exposure limit: 3 = life threatening health effects [AIHA]

Emergency Response Planning Guidelines (ERPG): ERPG(1) 5 mg/cu m (no more than mild, transient effects) for up to 1 hr exposure; ERPG(2) 20 mg/cu m (without serious, adverse effects) for up to 1 hr exposure; ERPG(3) 100 mg/cu m (not life threatening) up to 1 hr exposure.

Workplace Environmental Exposure Level (WEEL): 8-hr Time-weighted Average (TWA) 0.5 mg/cu m.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation of the vapour may cause lung oedema. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

The substance may have effects on the lungs and respiratory tract. This may result in impaired functions.

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

GOGGLES AND FACE SHIELD; AIR-SUPPLIED MASK OR APPROVED CANISTER; RUBBER GLOVES; PROTECTIVE CLOTHING.

AVOID ALL CONTACT! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Titanium tetrachloride appears as a colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Very toxic by inhalation.

Dry Powder; Gas Vapor; Other Solid; Liquid; Liquid; Other Solid

A colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor; [CAMEO]

COLOURLESS-TO-LIGHT-YELLOW LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless liquid

Yellow liquid

Penetrating acid odor

277.5 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

136.4 °C

136.45 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-11.4 °F (EPA, 1998)

-24.1 °C

-24.12 °C

Sol in cold water, alcohol

Sol in dilute hydrochloric acid

Sol in most organic solvents; decomposed by water

Solubility in water: reaction

1.726 (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

Relative density (water = 1): 1.7

1.73 @25 °C

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 6.5

10 mmHg at 70.34 °F (EPA, 1998)

1.31X10-2 atm @ 20 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 21.3 °C: 1.3

EVOLVES DENSE WHITE FUMES

CONCENTRATED AQ SOLN ARE STABLE

... When exposed to moisture, it hydrolyzes to hydrogen chloride.

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride/.

0.079 cP

Corrosive

36.2 kJ/mol @ 136.45 °C

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.61 @ 10.5 °C

Absorbs moisture from air; decomposed by hot water

Dilute soln precipitate insol basic chlorides

RATIO OF SPECIFIC HEATS OF VAPOR (GAS): 1.221; HEAT OF SOLN: -482.8 BTU/LB= -268.2 CAL/G= -11.22X10+5 JOULES/KG

TETRAVALENT TITANIUM CMPDS ARE THE MOST STABLE /OF THE VARIABLE VALENCE CMPDS OF TITANIUM/. /TITANIUM CMPD/

Titanium tetrachloride hydrolyzes rapidly upon contact with moist air to form a vapor of hydrochloric acid, titanium dioxide, and titanium oxychloride.

Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)

Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Other Toxic Gases & Vapors

Corrosives

Reacts exothermically with moisture in the air to evolve dense white fumes containing hydrochloric acid [Merck 13th ed. 1996].

Titanium tetrachloride reacts vigorously with water to generate gaseous HCl. Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Hydrogen Chloride gas will be created in 0.51 minutes. Experimental details are in the following: "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Acids, Strong Non-oxidizing

Known Catalytic Activity

Water-Reactive

Air-Reactive

CSL00156

Titanium tetrachloride + Water

The violent reaction between water and liquid titanium tetrachloride produced titanium dioxide, titanium dichloride oxide, and hydrogen chloride resulting in an explosion

Explosive

Not Available

Substance identification sources: Titanium tetrachloride. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=7550-45-0 (retrieved 2022-01-27) (CAS RN: 7550-45-0). Water. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=7732-18-5 (retrieved 2022-01-27) (CAS RN: 7732-18-5).

User Reported

01/27/2022

TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE acts as an acid in aqueous solution. During the reduction of TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE to titanium metal with potassium, an explosion occurred. The system had been heated to 90 °C [Walter and Mandell 1967]. Addition directly to tetrahydrofuran caused a violent exothermic reaction [Inorg. Syn., 1982, 21, 135]. Ethylene can polymerize at low pressure if catalyzed by titanium halides. (Sundaram, K. M, M. M. Shreehan, E. F. Olszewski. "Ethylene." Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2001.)

REACTS STRONGLY WITH WATER TO RELEASE HYDROCHLORIC ACID & HEAT.

Addition of the anhydrous chloride directly to tetrahydrofuran causes a violent exothermic reaction.

The liquid hexaurea complex formed during 6 weeks at 80 °C decomposed violently at above 90 °C.

The 1:1 complexes with beryllium chloride or titanium tetrachloride may explode violently.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

CDC-ATSDR Toxicological Profile

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.

Pain. Redness. Serious skin burns.

Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns.

Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

Dermal (Skin), Ocular (Eyes), Respiratory (From the Nose to the Lungs)

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.

ATSDR Final

LC50 (rat) = 400 mg/m3

LC50 Mouse inhalation 100 mg/cu m/2 hr

LC50 Rat inhalation (head-only) 460 mg/cu m/4 hr

LC50 Rat inhalation (head-only) 108,000 mg/cu m/2 min

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

/WORKERS/ ... SHOULD RECEIVE PERIODICAL MEDICAL EXAM AT LEAST ANNUALLY & WORKERSMANIFESTING SIGNS OF PERSISTENT INJURY TO UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT SHOULD BE TRANSFERRED TO OTHER WORK.

... OBSERVED DAMAGE TO CORNEAS IN FIVE HUMAN BEINGS WHO HAD BEEN SEVERELY EXPOSED TO THESE FUMES, WITH PARTICULARLY SEVERE EFFECTS ON CORNEA IN PATIENTS WHO DIED FROM EXPOSURE.

... ABOUT 50 L OF TITANIUM CHLORIDE @ TEMP OF 100 °C, WAS OPENED ... & OPERATOR WAS SPLASHED WITH LIQUID. FUMES OF TITANIC ACID & TITANIC OXYCHLORIDE ... WERE INHALED. SURFACE SKIN BURNS, ... MARKED CONGESTION OF MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF PHARYNX, VOCAL CORDS & TRACHEA, ... STENOSIS OF LARYNX, TRACHEA & UPPER BRONCHI ... .

A CORROSIVE IRRITANT TO SKIN, EYES, & MUCOUS MEMBRANES.

A cross-sectional survey of respiratory disease among 209 titanium metal production workers /was conducted/. Work in areas where there was exposure to titanium tetrachloride & titanium dioxide particulates was associated with reductions in ventilatory capacity. Pleural disease (plaques & diffuse thickening) was present in the chest radiographs of 17% of the subjects & was associated with the duration of work in titanium manufacturing. It was also associated with past asbestos exposure. After control for asbestos exposure, it remained associated with titanium manufacturing. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that titanium tetrachloride & titanium dioxide particulates may be associated with a reduction in ventilatory capacity & that the overall process of titanium manufacturing may be associated with unexpected pleural disease.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... INJECTIONS OF HYDROLIZED TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE INTO PERITONEAL CAVITIES OF GUINEA PIGS TO DETERMINE WHETHER LESIONS WERE PROGRESSIVE, AS IN SILICOSIS, REVEALED ONLY TISSUE REACTION CHARACTERISTICALLY PRODUCED BY INERT DUSTS.

... RATS EXPOSED TO HEAVY CONCN OF FUMES OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE DEVELOPED WHITE CORNEAS ... .

RATS & HAMSTERS WERE EXPOSED FOR 1 HR TO REACTANT PRODUCTS OF AEROSOLIZED TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE & AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE. GROUPS OF EACH SPECIE & SEX WERE THEN IMMEDIATELY ANESTHETIZED (POINT 1) OR MAINTAINED FOR 30 DAYS (POINT 2). THERE WERE NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BIOLOGICALLY IN ANY OF COMPLETE BLOOD COUNTS OR CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (SMAC-20) PROFILE VALUES FOR EXPOSED VERSUS CONTROL GROUPS AT POINT 1 OR POINT 2. ONE OF 30 EXPOSED MALE HAMSTERS (3%) AT POINT 2 DEVELOPED MULTIPLE MICROGRANULOMAS OF LUNG.

The effect of liquid titanium tetrachloride on the skin is even more damaging. Two applications made daily on each of three successive days to a clipped area of the skin of albino guinea pigs resulted in the destruction of the outer layers of the skin comparable to a second-degree thermal burn.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Chronic toxicity and oncogenicity were evaluated in groups of male and female Crl:CD(SD)BR rats (100/sex/group) receiving whole body exposure to titanium tetrachloride at nominal concentrations of 0, 0.01, 1.0, or 10mg/m3 in a dynamic air flow chamber, 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for two years beginning at age 35 days. No statistically significant differences between treatments groups and controls were evident for: mean body weights, mean body weight gain and mortality. At 18-months, high dose female and male rats exhibited a significant increase in neutrophils and a decrease in lymphocytes when compared to controls. High dose males also showed a statistically significant decrease in erythrocytes and increases in mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin and serum bilirubin. Clinical observations revealed a greater incidence of irregular respirations and abnormal lung noises early in the study for male treatment groups relative to the control groups, with an evident dose response-relationship. Absolute and relative lung weights of high dose groups at 1-year and 2-year sacrifices were significantly greater than for controls. Absolute kidney weights of high dose males were significantly decreased relative to controls at the 3-month and 2-year sacrifice. Gross pathology and histological examination of treated rats revealed a dose-related accumulation of the test article within the respiratory tract. Histology revealed an exposure-related increase in the incidence of rhinitis in all treatment groups, with Type-II pneumocytes and hyperplasia observed in mid- and high-dose groups. Other histopathological effects of treatment observed in high dose animals were foamy macrophage infiltration, cholesterol granulomas with collagen fiber deposition, alveolar proteinosis and alveolar bronchiolarization. Cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas were observed primarily in high dose groups.

1.40e+05

6.00e+05

1.00e-01

4.40e-01

2.10e-01

2.00e+00

1.00e-04

Volatile

4.30e+05

1.80e+06

3.10e-01

1.40e+05

6.00e+05

1.00e-01

4.40e-01

2.10e-01

2.00e+00

1.00e-04

Volatile

4.30e+05

1.80e+06

3.10e-01

1.30e+00

6.30e-01

It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Titanium tetrachloride hydrolyzes rapidly upon contact with moist air to form a vapor of hydrochloric acid, titanium dioxide, and titanium oxychloride.

... EXPOSURE TO TITANIUM IS MAINLY ASSOC WITH METAL, DIOXIDE, CARBIDE, OR TETRACHLORIDE. EXPOSURE ... USUALLY IN FORM OF DUST BUT EXPOSURES TO FUMES & VAPORS OCCUR DURING HANDLING OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/SRP: For lab quantity material only & perform in laboratory hood./ Transfer into an evaporating dish containing sodium bicarbonate. Spray with ammonia (6M-NH4OH) while stirring and then spread with crushed ice. Continue spraying with ammonia until the smoke of ammonium chloride partly subsides and add iced water while stirring. Neutralize and slowly transfer the mixture into a drain with running water.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Titanium tetrachloride (when spilled on land) [Table#2303]

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Titanium tetrachloride (when spilled in water) [Table#2304]

Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases

Table: Materials Which Produce Large Amounts of Toxic-by-Inhalation Gas(es) When Spilled in Water [Table#2305]

/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1838; Titanium tetrachloride

IMO 8.0; Titanium tetrachloride

49 323 85; Titanium tetrachloride

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Poison Inhalation Hazard Corrosive

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: C; R: 14-34; S: (1/2)-7/8-26-36/37/39-45

UN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: II