chloropentafluoroethane

H280 (100%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H420 (33.9%): Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere [Warning Hazardous to the ozone layer]

P410+P403, and P502 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 112 reports by companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Not Classified

H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

P410+P403</a, and a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ghs/#P410+P403">P410+P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Chloropentafluoroethane:

Eye: FROSTBITE - If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.

Skin: FROSTBITE - If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush them with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas. If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water.

Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 2024)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· In case of contact with liquefied gas, only medical personnel should attempt thawing frosted parts.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Frostbite - If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.

Skin: Frostbite - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:

Use extinguishing agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. Some of these materials, if spilled, may evaporate leaving a flammable residue. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Extingiush fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· Allow substance to evaporate.

· Ventilate the area.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

Large Spill

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Ventilation. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

Ventilation. Never direct water jet on liquid. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Because of recent discovery of potential ozone decomposition in the stratosphere by fluorotrichloromethane, this material should be released to the environment only as a last resort. Waste material should be /recovered and/ returned to the vendor, or to licensed waste disposal company.

If material not involved in fire: Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Wear protective gloves and goggles. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.

High concentrations in the air cause a deficiency of oxygen with the risk of unconsciousness or death. Check oxygen content before entering area.

Turn leaking cylinder with the leak up to prevent escape of gas in liquid state.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:

Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Allow substance to evaporate. Ventilate the area. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof if in building. Cool.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

2000 [ppm]

5700 [ppm]

34000 [ppm]

1000 ppm (6320 mg/m³

TWA 1000 ppm (6320 mg/m3)

none See Appendix G

See: IDLH INDEX

1000.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1000 ppm.

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

1000 ppm as TWA

1000 ppm [1978]

· Use extinguishing agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or regular foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

Fire Involving Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· Some of these materials, if spilled, may evaporate leaving a flammable residue.

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed to reduce the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances in order to reduce their abundance in the atmosphere, and thereby protect the earth's fragile ozone Layer. The original Montreal Protocol was agreed on 16 September 1987 and entered into force on 1 January 1989. The Montreal Protocol includes a unique adjustment provision that enables the Parties to the Protocol to respond quickly to new scientific information and agree to accelerate the reductions required on chemicals already covered by the Protocol. These adjustments are then automatically applicable to all countries that ratified the Protocol. Since its initial adoption, the Montreal Protocol has been adjusted five times. Specifically, the Second, Fourth, Seventh, Ninth, Eleventh and Nineteenth Meetings of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol adopted, in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 9 of Article 2 of the Montreal Protocol, certain adjustments and reductions of production and consumption of the controlled substances listed in the Annexes of the Protocol. These adjustments entered into force, for all the Parties, on 7 March 1991, 23 September 1993, 5 August 1996, 4 June 1998, 28 July 2000 and 14 May 2008, respectively. In addition to adjusting the Protocol, the Parties to the Montreal Protocol have amended the Protocol to enable, among other things, the control of new chemicals and the creation of a financial mechanism to enable developing countries to comply. Specifically, the Second, Fourth, Ninth and Eleventh Meetings of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol adopted, in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 4 of Article 9 of the Vienna Convention, four Amendments to the Protocol - the London Amendment (1990), the Copenhagen Amendment (1992), the Montreal Amendment (1997) and the Beijing Amendment (1999). Unlike adjustments to the Protocol, amendments must be ratified by countries before their requirements are applicable to those countries. The London, Copenhagen, Montreal and Beijing Amendments entered into force on 10 August 1992, 14 June 1994, 10 November 1999 and 25 February 2002, respectively, only for those Parties which ratified the particular amendments. In addition to adjustments and amendments to the Montreal Protocol, the Parties to the Protocol meet annually and take a variety of decisions aimed at enabling effective implementation of this important legal instrument. Through the 22nd Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, the Parties have taken over 720 decisions.

A harmful concentration of this gas in the air will be reached very quickly on loss of containment.

Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Chloropentafluoroethane:

Skin: FROSTBITE - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.

Eyes: FROSTBITE - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite.

Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift).

Remove: No recommendation is made specifying the need for removing clothing that becomes wet or contaminated.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.

Provide: FROSTBITE WASH - Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating. (NIOSH, 2024)

Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.

Chloropentafluoroethane is a colorless odorless gas with an ether-like odor. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. It is noncombustible. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket.

Colorless gas with a slight, ethereal odor; Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas; [NIOSH]

ODOURLESS COLOURLESS COMPRESSED LIQUEFIED GAS.

Colorless gas with a slight, ethereal odor.

Colorless gas with a slight, ethereal odor. [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Colorless gas

Colorless gas ... [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas]

Odorless

... Slight, ethereal odor ...

-38 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

-39.1 °C

-37.7 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-223 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

-99.4 °C

0.006 % at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

In water, 58 mg/L at 25 °C

Soluble in ethanol, ether

0.058 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water: none

(77 °F): 0.006%

Liquid density at 28 °C: 1.291 g/mL

Relative density (water = 1): 1.3

1.5678 @ -42°C

5.55(relative gas density)

5.55 (NIOSH, 2024) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

8.37 g/L at -39.1 °C

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 5.3

7.9 atm at 70 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

6,860 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 797

(70 °F): 7.9 atm

Has good thermal stability.

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of /hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride/.

Under certain conditions, /chlorofluorocarbon/ vapors may decompose on contact with flames or hot surfaces, creating the potential hazard of inhalation of toxic decomposition products. /Chlorofluorocarbon/

The appearance of toxic decomposition products serves as warning of the occurrence of thermal decompositon and detection of a sharp acrid odor warns of the presence of these products. /Fluorocarbons/

0.193 cP at 25 °C (liquid); 0.0125 cP at 25 °C, 101.3 kPa (vapor)

... Does not attack metals except at elevated temperatures.

19.41 kJ/mol at -39.1 °C

5 dynes/cm at 25 °C

12.96 eV

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

Fluorinated Organic Compounds

CSL00127

Perfluorethyllithium + Phosphorus Trichloride,Phosphorus + N-BUTYLLITHIUM + CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE

Avoid temperatures below -90 C

Substitution

Several times in our laboratory, we have experienced a violent decomposition of the ethereal C2F5Cl/n-BuLi solution after the addition of just a few drops of (R)nPCl3=n. In each of these cases, the metal-halogen exchange temperature was maintained below -90 C. We believe that this problem is due to a buildup of starting reagents at low temperatures.

CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE is incompatible with the following: Alkalis, alkaline earth metals (e.g., aluminum powder, sodium, potassium, zinc) (NIOSH, 2024).

Alkalis, alkaline earth metals (e.g., aluminum powder, sodium, potassium, zinc).

Alkalis, alkaline earth metals (e.g., aluminum powder, sodium, potassium, zinc)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

inhalation, skin and/or eye contact (liquid)

Suffocation.

ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.

See Skin.

dyspnea (breathing difficulty); dizziness, incoordination, narcosis; nausea, vomiting; heart palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias, asphyxia; liquid: frostbite, dermatitis

Skin, central nervous system, cardiovascular system

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Other Poison - Simple Asphyxiant

LC50 (rat) = 4,880,000 mg/m3/4h

... The combination of fluorocarbon with a sympathomimetic bronchodilator is potentially dangerous for the treatment of bronchial asthma. For the same reason, sympathomimetic drugs are contraindicated in cardiac resuscitation of patients suffering from fluorocarbon poisoning. /Fluorocarbon poisoning/

/In humans/ a 10 to 90% mixture of CFC-11 & CFC-12, respectively, caused more severe respiratory effects than either fluorocarbon inhaled singly.

Victims of freon inhalation require management for hypoxic, CNS anesthetic, & cardiac symptoms. Patients must be removed from the exposure environment, & high flow supplemental oxygen should be utilized. The respiratory system should be evaluated for injury, aspiration, or pulmonary edema & treated appropriately. CNS findings should be treated supportively. A calm environment with no physical exertion is imperative to avoid increasing endogenous adrenegic levels. Exogenous adrenergic drugs must not be used to avoid inducing sensitized myocardial dysrhythmias. Atropine is ineffective in treating bradyarrhythmias. For ventricular dysrhythmias, diphenylhydantoin & countershock may be effective. Cryogenic dermal injuries should be treated by water bath rewarming at 40-42 °C until vasodilatory flush has returned. Elevation of the limb & standard frostbite management with late surgical debridement should be utilized. Ocular exposure requires irrigation & slit lamp evaluation for injury. /Freons/

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations as needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Minimize physical activity and provide a quiet atmosphere. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Treat frostbite with rapid rewarming techniques ... . /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia,administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds/

For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ /Propellant /fluorocarbon/ gases were generated ... from a distance of 50 cm for periods of 15 to 60 seconds. At a measured concentration of 95,000 mg/cu m (1700 ppm), there was biphasic change in ventilatory capacity, the first reduction occurring within few min after exposure, & second delayed until 13 to 30 min after exposure. Most subjects developed bradycardia, & inversion of the t-wave. /Propellant gases/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Early ... human experience indicated that high vapor concn (eg, 20%) may cause confusion, pulmonary irritation, tremors & rarely coma, but that these effects were generally transient & without late sequelae. Cause of death /from abuse of fluorocarbons/ is in considerable doubt. Freezing of airway soft tissues can probably be eliminated as a cause of death except in cases where the product was sprayed directly into the mouth from its container or from a balloon containing some liquid. Laryngeal spasm or edema, oxygen displacement, or sensitization of myocardium to endogenous catecholamines with subsequent ventricular fibrillation appear to be reasonable possibilities. /Fluorocarbon refrigerants & propellants/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Non-occupational exposure and accidental or abusive inhalation of aerosols /due to Fluorocarbon propellants/ have also been documented, the main symptoms being CNS depression and cardiovascular reactions. Cardiac arrhythmia, possibly aggravated by elevated levels of catecholamines due to stress or by moderate hypercapnia, is suggested as the cause of these adverse response, which may lead to death.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... High vapor concn (eg, 20%) may cause confusion, pulmonary irritation, tremors & rarely coma ... but ... these effects were generally transient & without late sequelae. /Fluorocarbon refrigerants & propellants/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The effects of trichloromonofluoromethane(I), dichlorodifluoromethane(II), dichlorotetrafluoroethane(III), chloropentafluoroethane(IV), and octafluorocyclobutane(V), exposure on the upper and lower respiratory tract were studied in 18 dogs. The exposure of the upper respiratory tract to aerosol propellants produces apnea, bradycardia, and biphasic fall and rise in aortic blood pressure in anesthetized dogs. This response represents the irritation of sensory receptors in the nasal and nasopharyngeal mucosa and is not elicited with aerosol propellants administered via a tracheal cannula bypassing the upper respiratory tract. When this is done, a different response is elicited, consisting of tachycardia that is mediated by the thoracic sympathetic nerves. There is either bronchodilation or bronchoconstriction depending on the type of propellant. I, II, and III, widely used as aerosols, when inspired in large doses elicit both bradycardia and tachycardia and induce bronchoconstriction or bronchodilation. Two additional fluorocarbons, IV and V, which are not ordinarily used to dispense bronchodilator drugs, do not elicit any change in heart rate and produce only bronchodilation. ...

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... /FC-115/ has one of lowest levels of cardiotoxicity /of fluorocarbons/, sensitizing dog heart to epinephrine-induced arrhythmias in concn 25 to 50 times greater than that of FC-11.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Dogs shows no respiratory depression when exposed to 20% but shows bronchoconstriction, decreased compliance, sensitization of heart to epinephrine, tachycardia, myocardial depression, & hypotension when inhaling 10 to 25% FC-115. Potency is considerably less than that of FC-11.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Rats responds with bronchospasm, decreased compliance & respiratory stimulation to 10% FC-115, whereas inhalation of 2.5% FC-11 causes bronchoconstriction, decreased compliance and respiratory depression.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Employees /with cardiovascular disease are/ at increased risk.

Avoid release to the environment because of its impact on the ozone layer.

Chloropentafluoroethane's former production and use as a refrigerant, propellant for foods dispensed from aerosols, and dielectric gas resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 6860 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates chloropentafluoroethane will exist solely as a gas in the atmosphere. Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere. Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone. The atmospheric lifetime of this compound has been estimated at 330 years. If released to soil, chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have moderate mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 200. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole. Chloropentafluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly. If released into water, chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 20 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure should be low or non-existent since chloropentafluoroethane is no longer produced or used in the US. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to chloropentafluoroethane via inhalation of ambient air, mostly due to its long atmospheric residence time. (SRC)

Chloropentafluoroethane's former production and use as a refrigerant(1), propellant for foods dispensed from aerosols(2) and dielectric gas(3) resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of chloropentafluoroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(4). Chloropentafluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 20(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2.47(7) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(9).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), chloropentafluoroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 6860 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere(3). Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(3). The atmospheric lifetime of this compound has been estimated at 330 years(4).

AEROBIC: Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(1).

ANAEROBIC: Chloropentafluoroethane was not biodegraded in 177 days using anaerobic sewage sludge and aquifer sediment slurries(1).

Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of chloropentafluoroethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.4X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(2). Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(1). The half-life for this reaction has been estimated to be 380 years(3). Chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(4).

An estimated BCF of 20 was calculated in fish for chloropentafluoroethane(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 2.47(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of chloropentafluoroethane can be estimated to be 200(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

Avoid release to the environment because of its impact on the ozone layer.

Chloropentafluoroethane's former production and use as a refrigerant, propellant for foods dispensed from aerosols, and dielectric gas resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 6860 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates chloropentafluoroethane will exist solely as a gas in the atmosphere. Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere. Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone. The atmospheric lifetime of this compound has been estimated at 330 years. If released to soil, chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have moderate mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 200. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole. Chloropentafluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly. If released into water, chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 20 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure should be low or non-existent since chloropentafluoroethane is no longer produced or used in the US. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to chloropentafluoroethane via inhalation of ambient air, mostly due to its long atmospheric residence time. (SRC)

Chloropentafluoroethane's former production and use as a refrigerant(1), propellant for foods dispensed from aerosols(2) and dielectric gas(3) resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of chloropentafluoroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(4). Chloropentafluoroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 200(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 20(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 2.47(7) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds such as chloropentafluoroethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(9).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), chloropentafluoroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 6860 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere(3). Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(3). The atmospheric lifetime of this compound has been estimated at 330 years(4).

AEROBIC: Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(1).

ANAEROBIC: Chloropentafluoroethane was not biodegraded in 177 days using anaerobic sewage sludge and aquifer sediment slurries(1).

Gas-phase chloropentafluoroethane is essentially inert in the troposphere(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of chloropentafluoroethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.4X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(2). Chlorpentafluoroethane will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(1). The half-life for this reaction has been estimated to be 380 years(3). Chloropentafluoroethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(4).

An estimated BCF of 20 was calculated in fish for chloropentafluoroethane(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 2.47(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of chloropentafluoroethane can be estimated to be 200(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for chloropentafluoroethane is estimated as 5.6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 6860 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 58 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that chloropentafluoroethane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 4 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 5 days(SRC). Chloropentafluoroethane's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of chloropentafluoroethane from dry soil surfaces may exist based upon its vapor pressure(1).

Approximately 4,500 tons of chloropentafluoroethane were released annually before its production was discontinued(1). Cloropentafluoroethane emissions of 0.4 Gg/year from the United States have been calculated(2).

RURAL/REMOTE: Chloropentafluoroethane was detected in the troposphere at an average global concentration of 4.1 parts per trillion(1). The concentration of chloropentafluoroethane in the atmosphere at altitudes ranging from about 10 to 34 km was found to be approximately 1-5 parts per trillion during 1979 and 1980 monitoring(2,3).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 250,773 workers (79.790 of these were female) were potentially exposed to chloropentafluoroethane in the US(1). Occupational exposure should be low or non-existent since chloropentafluoroethane is no longer produced or used in the US(2). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to chloropentafluoroethane via inhalation of ambient air, mostly due to its long atmospheric residence time(SRC).

AIR INTAKE: Assuming the average tropospheric concentration of chloropentafluoroethane is about 4.1 parts per trillion (25.9 ng/cu m)(1), the average daily intake would be about 518 ng/day(SRC).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Because of recent discovery of potential ozone decomposition in the stratosphere by fluorotrichloromethane, this material should be released to the environment only as a last resort. Waste material should be /recovered and/ returned to the vendor, or to licensed waste disposal company.

/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Fire or Explosion: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Health: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1020; Chloropentafluoroethane

IMO 2.2; Chloropentafluoroethane

49 045 55; Monochloropentafluoroethane

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Non-Flammable Gas

UN Hazard Class: 2.2