Zinc Chloride

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (1 of 1474) of reports.

H302 (98.4%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (> 99.9%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (43.8%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335 (38.5%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H400 (97%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (98.4%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1474 reports by companies from 47 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 1474 reports by companies.

There are 46 notifications provided by 1473 of 1474 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Zinc chloride fume:

Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 2024)

INGESTION: give large volumes of water and induce vomiting; repeat process; call a doctor.

EYES: wash with water for at least 15 min. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Breathing: Respiratory support

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty. /Zinc chloride, solid/

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.

· DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ Cover solid with plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water /Zinc chloride, solid/

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. Adjust pH to neutral (pH 7). /Zinc chloride solid/

Personal protection: P3 filter respirator for toxic particles. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Ultrafiltration; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Continuous flow, pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Industrial wastewater; Results of Study: 0.38 ppm effluent concentration. /Zinc/

Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Miscellaneous sorbents; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: Final concentration reduced to 0.1 ppb; SiO2 + CaO slags used. /Zinc/

The proprietary Sulfex process (Permutit Co) has been applied to zinc wastes. The process involves addition of ferrous sulfide, which gradually releases sulfide to precipitate the zinc ... . /Zinc/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Keep upwind. Avoid breathing vapors or dusts Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Zinc chloride, solid/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. Avoid breathing vapors Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear full protective clothing. /Zinc chloride solution and chemical plant waste/

Prevention /of/ ingestion: do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Wash hands before eating.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2024)

Store only in original container. Separated from strong bases, strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Dry. Well closed. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Store below 40 °C (104 °F), preferably between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Protect from freezing. /Zinc supplements/

Separated from strong bases, food and feedstuffs. Dry. Well closed.

Finely divided ... zinc compounds, can be fire and explosion hazard if stored in damp places, sources of spontaneous combustion. /Zinc cmpd/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

0.1 [mg/m3] (respirable fraction), 2 mg/m3 (inhalable fraction)[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

2.0 [mg/m3]

12 [mg/m3]

69 [mg/m3]

TWA 1 mg/m3 ST 2 mg/m3

1.0 [mg/m3]

TWA 1 mg/m3 See Appendix G

50 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 2024)

50 mg/m3 [From NPG: Zinc chloride fume] (NIOSH, 2024)

50.0 [mg/m3]

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Human data: A 30­minute exposure to 4.8 mg/m3 has been reported to produce respiratory distress [Ferry 1974]. Exposure to 80 mg/m3 has caused nausea and coughing and 120 mg/m3 for 2 minutes has caused nose and upper respiratory system irritation [Cullumbine 1957].

50 mg/cu m /Zinc chloride fume/

50 mg/m³

50 mg/m3

See: 7646857

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 mg/cu m; 15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 2 mg/cu m. /Fume/

(fume): 1 mg/m

1 mg/m³ [1992]

2 mg/m³ [1992]

(respirable fraction): 0.1 mg/m

Intermediate Oral: 0.3 mg/kg/day (L134)

Chronic Oral: 0.3 mg/kg/day (L134)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

Large Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

Swedish limit (1978) for zinc chloride is ... 1 mg/cu m.

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if respirable particles (such as fumes) are generated.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes and skin. The aerosol is severely irritating to the respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause lung oedema. Inhalation of high concentrations of respirable particles (such as fumes) may cause Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis and death.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Zinc chloride fume:

Zinc chloride is a white crystalline solid. It is soluble in water. It is corrosive to metals and therefore irritating to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes. It is used for preserving wood, in soldering fluxes, as a catalyst in chemical metals and manufacturing, and for many other uses.

Zinc chloride, solution is a colorless liquid. It is mildly corrosive to metals. It causes burns to eyes, skin and mucous membranes.

Dry Powder; Large Crystals; CBI; Liquid

White particulate dispersed in air; [NIOSH] Zinc chloride: White odorless solid; Highly deliquescent; [Merck Index] White odorless powder, crystals, or beads; Hygroscopic; [Alfa Aesar MSDS]

WHITE HYGROSCOPIC ODOURLESS SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS.

White particulate dispersed in air with an acrid odor. Zinc chloride is a white crystalline solid.

White particulate dispersed in air.

White, very deliquesce granules, or fused pieces or rods

White, hygroscopic crystals

White particulate dispersed in air /Zinc chloride fume/

Odorless

FUME HAS AN ACRID ODOR /ZINC CHLORIDE FUMES/

1350 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

Very high (USCG, 1999)

732 °C @760 [mm Hg]

554 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

541 °F (USCG, 1999)

Approximately 290 °C

435 % at 70 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

432 g/100 g water at 25 °C; 614 g/100 g water at 100 °C

1 gram dissolves in 0.25 mL 2% hydrochloric acid, 1.3 mL alcohol, 2 mL glycerol; freely soluble in acetone

100 g/100 cc alcohol at 12.5 °C

434.599 lb/100 lb water at 70 °F

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 432 (very good)

(70 °F): 435%

2.91 at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2024) - Denser than water; will sink

2.91 at 77 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

2.907 at 25 °C

2.9 g/cm³

2.91 at 77 °F

2.91 @25 °C

(77 °F): 2.91

0 mmHg (approx) (NIOSH, 2024)

1 Pa (0.0075 mm Hg) at 305 °C; 10 Pa (0.075 mmHg) at 356 °C; 100 Pa (0.75 mm Hg) at 419 °C; 1 kPa (7.5 mm Hg) at 497 °C; 10 kPa (75 mm Hg) at 596 °C; 100 kPa (750 mm Hg) at 726 °C /Calculated from ideal gas thermodynamic functions/

0 mmHg (approx)

1 [mm Hg] @428 °C

In weak aqueous solution has tendency to form insoluable basic salt by hydrolysis; about 1/2 its weight of ammonium chloride has been used for stabilization

... Stable in the vapor phase up to 900 °C

Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride and zinc oxide/.

When dissolved in water, it is a strong acid. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 964]

Acids, Strong Non-oxidizing

Water and Aqueous Solutions

Water-Reactive

When dissolved in water, ZINC CHLORIDE is a strong acid [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 964].

A mixture of potassium and ... /zinc chloride/ produces a strong explosion on impact ...

Potassium. /Zinc chloride fume/

Flammability of some commercial zinc dusts or powders is attributed to presence of zinc chloride. /Zinc: zinc chloride/

Potassium

The CIR Expert Panel concluded that the following 27 zinc salts are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-irritating...Zinc Chloride...

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

Anaemia results from the excessive absorption of zinc suppressing copper and iron absorption, most likely through competitive binding of intestinal mucosal cells. Unbalanced levels of copper and zinc binding to Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase has been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Stomach acid dissolves metallic zinc to give corrosive zinc chloride, which can cause damage to the stomach lining. Metal fume fever is thought to be an immune response to inhaled zinc. (L48, L49, A49)

CLASSIFICATION: D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on inadequate evidence in humans and animals. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. /Zinc and compounds/

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Chronic exposure to zinc causes anemia, atazia, lethargy, and decreases the level of good cholesterol in the body. It is also believed to cause pancreatic and reproductive damage. (L49)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin and/or eye contact

Inhalation (L49) ; oral (L49) ; dermal (L49)

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe burns.

Sore throat. Burning sensation in the throat and chest. Nausea. Vomiting. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; conjunctivitis; cough, copious sputum; dyspnea (breathing difficulty), chest pain, pulmonary edema, pneumonitis; pulmonary fibrosis, cor pulmonale; fever; cyanosis; tachypnea; skin burns

Ingestion of large doses of zinc causes stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Acute inhalation of large amounts of zinc causes metal fume fever, which is characterized by chills, fever, headache, weakness, dryness of the nose and throat, chest pain, and coughing. Dermal contact with zinc results in skin irritation. (L49)

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular system

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Asthma - Reversible bronchoconstriction (narrowing of bronchioles) initiated by the inhalation of irritating or allergenic agents.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LCLo (rat) = 1,960 mg/m3/10min

LD50: 350 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T13)

LD50: 58 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (T13)

LD50: 330 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (T78)

LC50: 1,975 mg/m3 over 10 minutes (Inhalation, Rat) (T78)

LD50 Rat oral 350 mg/kg

LD50 Rat ip 58 mg/kg

LD50 Rat (male) oral 1,100 mg/kg

LC50 Rat (female) inhalation < or = 1,975 mg/cu m/10 min

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Zinc poisoning is treated symptomatically, often by administering fluids such as water or milk, or with gastric lavage. (L49)

Large doses of zinc may inhibit copper absorption in the intestine; zinc supplements should be taken at least 2 hours after the administration of copper supplements. /Zinc supplements/

Thiazide diuretics have been found to increase urinary zinc excretion. /Zinc supplements/

Concurrent use of large amounts of fiber, phosphorus, or phytates with zinc supplements may reduce zinc absorption by formation of nonabsorbable complexes; food containing fiber, phosphorus, or phytates should be taken at least 2 hours after zinc supplements. /Zinc supplements/

Some studies have found that folate can decrease the absorption of zinc, but not in the presence of excessive zinc; other studies have found no inhibition. /Zinc supplements/

For more Interactions (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

This brief report describes the clinical course and management of a child who ingested a zinc chloride solution used in a lead soldering process. Injury was limited to bleeding from esophageal erosions and hematemesis. A single small dosage of calcium disodium edetate was effective in normalizing the serum zinc level.

Supportive care ... is indicated for acute zinc chloride inhalation. This may require ventilatory support with positive end-expiratory pressure, antibiotics, steroids, and maintenance of cardiac output.

Zinc chloride... /is a/ highly corrosive agent with severe systemic toxicity. Ingestion of /this/ substance causes life-threatening illness from cationic metal exposure. The local corrosive effects, though of great concern, are less consequential than the manifestations of systemic absorption. For this reason, aggressive decontamination with gentle nasogastric tube aspiration and placement of activated charcoal serve as primary gestures in the initial management of patients with these ingestions... . Some of these patients will also require chelation therapy. The local affects of /this agent/ can be managed supportively and directly assessed after systemic absorption has been prevented or treated.

Treatment of overdose: Dilute with milk or water. Specific treatment: Intramuscular or intravenous edetate calcium disodium ... . /Zinc supplements/

For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

In preemployment and periodic physical examinations, special attention should be given to the skin and to the history of allergic dermatitis, as well as to exposed mucous membranes, the eyes, and the respiratory system. ... Smoking history should be known. Measurement of urinary zinc excretion may be useful.

The assessment of zinc exposure can be accomplished through measurement of zinc. The presence of excess zinc ... can indicate high exposure to zinc; however, no information was found in the literature regarding the accuracy of these levels in predicting possible health effects. Blood Reference Ranges: Normal - average level 1200 ug/dl; Exposed - not established; Toxic - not established. Serum or Plasma Reference Ranges: Normal - average levels 100 ug/dl; Exposed - not established; Toxic - not established. Urine Reference Ranges: Normal - average levels 0.5 mg/g creatinine or 150 to 1200 ug/24 hours; Exposed - urinary concentrations of 600 to 700 ug/l were found in workers exposed to zinc oxide at levels of 3 to 5 mg/cu m; Toxic - greater than 1200 ug/24 hours has been indicated as a toxic urinary level of zinc; however no information was located relating to the severity of symptoms seen with high urinary zinc levels. /Zinc/

Respiratory Symptom Questionnaires: Questionnaires have been published by the American Thoracic Society and the British Medical Research Council. These questionnaires have been found to be useful in identification of people with chronic bronchitis, however certain pulmonary function tests such as FEV1 have been found to be better predictors of chronic airflow obstruction. /Zinc/

LC50 Drawida willsi (Field earthworm, juvenile, length <2 cm) 762.87 mg/kg soil/14 days (95% confidence interval: 697-834 mg/kg); one dose per study period

LC50 Drawida willsi (Field earthworm, immature organism, length > or =2 to <4 cm) 840.69 mg/kg soil/14 days (95% confidence interval: 769-920 mg/kg); one dose per study period

LC50 Drawida willsi (Field earthworm, adult, length > or =4 cm) 907.82 mg/kg soil/14 days (95% confidence interval: 828-995 mg/kg); one dose per study period

LC50 Eisenia fetida (Earthworm, adult, weight 300-500 mg) contact on filter paper 12 ug/sq cm/48 hr (95% confidence interval: 6-24 ug/sq cm)

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (53 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

... AS FLUX IN SOLDERING. ... HANDLING RAILWAY TIES IMPREGNATED WITH ZNCL2.

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 353,004 workers (87,750 of these are female) are potentially exposed to zinc chloride in the US(1).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Ultrafiltration; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Continuous flow, pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Industrial wastewater; Results of Study: 0.38 ppm effluent concentration. /Zinc/

Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Miscellaneous sorbents; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: Final concentration reduced to 0.1 ppb; SiO2 + CaO slags used. /Zinc/

The proprietary Sulfex process (Permutit Co) has been applied to zinc wastes. The process involves addition of ferrous sulfide, which gradually releases sulfide to precipitate the zinc ... . /Zinc/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ZINC CHLORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2331; Zinc chloride, anhydrous

UN 1840; Zinc chloride, solution

IMO 8.3; Zinc chloride anhydrous; zinc chloride, solution

49 323 81; Zinc chloride, chemical plant waste, corrosive liquid, not otherwise specified

49 667 90; Zinc chloride, solid, hazardous substance, not otherwise specified

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Corrosive

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

Symbol: C, N; R: 22-34-50/53; S: (1/2)-26-36/37/39-45-60-61

UN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: III