Glycidaldehyde

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

P203, P280, P318, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic; polymerization hazard]:

Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: Wash skin with soap and water. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. (ERG, 2024)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Wash skin with soap and water.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic; polymerization hazard]:

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

Small Spill

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic; polymerization hazard]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U126, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt. However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose. The most efficient type ... is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air:fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air. Some ... are designed to accept ... aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise it is necessary ... to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust. Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities ... are to be destroyed in laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for GLYCIDALDEHYDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well-ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for GLYCIDALDEHYDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic; polymerization hazard]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

SMALL SPILL: Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

0.17 [ppm]

1.8 [ppm]

11 [ppm]

CAUTION: The majority of these products have a very low flash point. Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

CAUTION: Methanol (UN1230) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic; polymerization hazard]:

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2024)

Preferred respirators incl gas masks with organic vapor cannisters and high-efficiency particulate filters or supplied-air respirators. All body surfaces should be protected against contact with epoxy cmpd through the use of gloves, aprons, face shields, goggles and other protective equipment and clothing as necessary. /Epoxy cmpd/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Glycidaldehyde appears as a colorless liquid. Slightly denser than water and insoluble in water. May irritate skin and eyes. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Used to make other chemicals.

Colorless liquid with a pungent odor; [HSDB]

COLORLESS LIQUID

PRONOUNCED ALDEHYDE-LIKE

112.5 °C

112.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

88 °F (OPEN CUP)

MISCIBLE WITH WATER & ALL COMMON SOLVENTS; IMMISCIBLE WITH PETROLEUM ETHER.

SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.1403 @ 20 °C/4 °C

1.1403 @ 20°C

2.58 (AIR= 1)

45.3 [mmHg]

UNDILUTED STABLE @ ROOM TEMP, BUT 30% AQUEOUS SOLN LOST 94% OF EPOXIDE AFTER 2 MO @ ROOM TEMP

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Index of refraction: 1.4265 @ 20 °C

1 ppm= 2.94 mg/cu m @ 25 °C, 760 mm Hg; 1 mg/l= 339 ppm @ 25 °C, 760 mm Hg

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.69X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C

Other Classes -> Other Organic Compounds

Carcinogens

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

Pesticide -> EPA IRIS

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Aldehydes

Epoxides

Polymerizable Compounds

Highly Flammable

Polymerizable

GLYCIDALDEHYDE is an epoxide and an aldehyde. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation. Epoxides are highly reactive. They polymerize in the presence of catalysts or when heated. These polymerization reactions can be violent. Compounds in this group react with acids, bases, and oxidizing and reducing agents. They react, possibly violently with water in the presence of acid and other catalysts.

ALDEHYDE & EPOXIDE GROUPS ARE BOTH REACTIVE.

Glycidaldehyde

Endocrine

Hematologic

4 x 10 ^-4 mg/kg-day

CLASSIFICATION: B2; probable human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on no human data and an increased incidence of malignant tumors in rats and mice following subcutaneous injection of glycidaldehyde and of skin carcinomas following dermal application to mice. Glycidaldehyde shows mutagenic activity in many assay systems and is known to be highly reactive because of the epoxide and the aldehyde groups. /Several/ structurally related epoxide compounds are also carcinogenic in experimental animals, including the analogues glycidol and propylene oxide. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient.

Evaluation: No epidemiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of glycidaldehyde were available. There is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. Overall evaluation: Glycidaldehyde is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 11: (1976) Cadmium, Nickel, Some Epoxides, Miscellaneous Industrial Chemicals and General Considerations on Volatile Anaesthetics

Volume Sup 7: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42, 1987; 440 pages; ISBN 92-832-1411-0 (out of print)

Volume 71: (1999) Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3)

Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin

IARC Carcinogen - Class 3: Chemicals are not classifiable by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

1 x 10^-3 mg/m^3

1 x 10^-2 mg/m^3

PDF Document

See the IRIS entry for Glycidaldehyde

SCREEN Current

IRIS Current

HEAST Archive

LC50 (rat) = 580 ppm/8h

LD50 Rat ingestion 0.23 g/kg

LC50 Rat inhalation 251 ppm/4 hr

LD50 Rat oral 0.85 g/kg

LC50 Mouse /inhalation/ 450 ppm/4 hr

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for GLYCIDALDEHYDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Aggressive airway management may be necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Aldehydes and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Intubation should be considered at the first sign of upper airway obstruction caused by edema. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Treat seizures with diazepam ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Aldehydes and related compounds/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Whenever medical surveillance is indicated, in particular when exposure to a carcinogen has occurred, ad hoc decisions should be taken concerning ... /cytogenetic and/or other/ tests that might become useful or mandatory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Glycidaldehyde will produce marked skin irritation and sensitization, but effective hygiene practices should prevent exposure.

Glycidaldehyde is moderately toxic following dermal exposure, and is extremely irritating to the skin. It is a moderate eye and respiratory tract irritant. It is mutagenic in vitro in nonmammalian assays, and is a skin carcinogen in rodents.

Can cause stimulation of CNS followed by depression.

Human systemic effects by inhalation: changes in CNS electrical activity, olfactory changes, and excitement.

SIXTY 4-HR EXPOSURES TO 29 MG/CU M (10 PPM) GLYCIDALDEHYDE VAPOR IN AIR HAD NO EFFECT ON RATS; CONCN OF 60 MG/CU M (20 PPM) & OF 118 MG/CU M (40 PPM) RESULTED IN RETARDATIONS IN BODY-WT GAIN, SEVERAL DEATHS AND SOME EFFECTS ON THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM. EXPOSURE TO 235 MG/CU M (80 PPM) CAUSED THE DEATH OF 8/10 RATS BEFORE THE 5TH EXPOSURE, WITH FOCAL NECROSIS OF LIVER & KIDNEY.

EXPOSURE OF BACTERIOPHAGE T4 TO A 300-FOLD DILUTION OF GLYCIDALDEHYDE FOR 30 MIN @ 37 °C INDUCED MUTATIONS IN RII REGION OF THE PHAGE BY PRODUCING BASE-PAIR TRANSITIONS (PRIMARILY A-T TO G-C), FRAMESHIFT MUTATIONS & SOME DELETIONS. ...PRODUCED BASE-PAIR MUTATIONS IN 2 STRAINS OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM (TA1535 & TA1000). A 1% SOLN IN ETHANOL INDUCED REVERSE BASE-PAIR MUTATIONS IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE STRAIN S211; 2-4% SOLN INDUCED PETITES CYTOPLASMIC MUTATIONS IN STRAIN N123 OF SAME ORGANISM.

Following ingestion in rats, transitory excitement occurs succeeded by depression and labored breathing. Respiratory exposure causes marked pulmonary tract irritation and tearing. ... Percutaneous absorption gives an approx. lethal dose of 0.20 g/kg in rabbits. At a dermal dose of 0.04 g/kg, severe local injury to the skin occurred, but none of the three rabbits died.

... RATS FAIL TO SURVIVE 5 4-HR EXPOSURES OF 80 PPM. MARKED DEPRESSION OF WHITE COUNT & NUCLEATED CELLS OF BONE MARROW OCCURRED. FURTHER HEMOPOIETIC EFFECTS IN RATS RECEIVING 50 MG/KG IM INCL SHIFT IN DIFFERENTIAL COUNT & DECR IN NUMBERS OF RED BLOOD CELLS.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for GLYCIDALDEHYDE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2.30e+01

2.10e+02

1.00e+00

2.30e+01

2.10e+02

1.00e+00

4.40e+00

1.70e+00

4.00e+03

3.30e-04

4.00e-04

1.00e-03

Volatile

1.06e+05

6.90e+01

6.20e+02

3.10e+00

1.30e+01

5.00e+00

Glycidaldehyde's former production and use as a crosslinking agent and in tanning and fat liquoring may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates glycidaldehyde will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase glycidaldehyde will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 22.8 hrs. If released to soil, glycidaldehyde is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole. Epoxides, such as glycidaldehyde, are expected to react with organic matter in soils, sediment, and water. If released into water, glycidaldehyde is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Glycidaldehyde is expected to biodegrade rapidly in the environment under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions based on the biodegradation of a structurally similar compound, glycidol. Under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, levels of glycidol (initial concn = 100 ppm) were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.6 ppm) after about 10 days in inoculated nutrient broth cultures. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Glycidaldehyde is expected to hydrolyze rapidly in water based data for a structurally similar compound, glycidol, which has a chemical hydrolysis half-life of 12 days. Occupational exposure to glycidaldehyde may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where glycidaldehyde is produced or used. (SRC)

Glycidaldehyde's former production and use as a crosslinking agent for the finishing of wool; and for the tanning and fat liquoring of leather and surgical sutures(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Glycidaldehyde is expected to hydrolyze rapidly in moist soil based data for a structurally similar compound, glycidol, which has a chemical hydrolysis half-life of 12 days(1). Based on a classification scheme(2), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(3), indicates that glycidaldehyde is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of glycidaldehyde from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Epoxides, such as glycidaldehyde, are expected to react with organic matter in soils and sediment(SRC). The potential for volatilization of glycidaldehyde from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Glycidaldehyde is expected to biodegrade rapidly based on the biodegradation of a structurally similar compound, glycidol(SRC). Ring-opening of glycidol to glycerol occurs spontaneously in aqueous solutions but is accelerated through microbial activity(1). Under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, levels of glycidol (initial concn = 100 ppm) were below the detection limit of 0.6 ppm after about 10 days in inoculated nutrient broth cultures(1).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that glycidaldehyde is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.1X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Epoxides, such as glycidaldehyde, are expected to react with organic matter in water(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Glycidaldehyde is expected to biodegrade rapidly based on the biodegradation of a structurally similar compound, glycidol(SRC). Ring-opening of glycidol to glycerol occurs spontaneously in aqueous solutions but is accelerated through microbial activity(7). Under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, levels of glycidol (initial concn = 100 ppm) were below the detection limit of 0.6 ppm after about 10 days in inoculated nutrient broth cultures(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), glycidaldehyde, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase glycidaldehyde is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 22.8 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.7X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).

Glycidaldehyde is expected to biodegrade rapidly based on the biodegradation of a structurally similar compound, glycidol(SRC). Ring-opening of glycidol to glycerol occurs spontaneously in aqueous solutions but is accelerated through microbial activity(1). Under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, levels of glycidol (initial concn = 100 ppm) were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.6 ppm) after about 10 days in inoculated nutrient broth cultures(1).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of glycidaldehyde with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.7X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 22.8 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(SRC). Glycidaldehyde is expected to hydrolyze rapidly in water based data for a structurally similar compound, glycidol(SRC). In filter-sterilized distilled water, 36% of glycidol at an initial concn of 100 ppm hydrolyzed after 17 days(2); this corresponds to a half-life of 12 days(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for glycidaldehyde(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -0.12(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for glycidaldehyde can be estimated to be 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that glycidaldehyde is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for glycidaldehyde is estimated as 5.1x10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that glycidaldehyde is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). The potential for volatilization of glycidaldehyde from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Glycidylaldehyde occurs in sunflower oil, and its concentration increases with that of peroxides during storage, causing deterioration of the flavor. To maintain high quality of the oil, peroxides should not exceed 0.25% and glycidylaldehyde not more than 0.46%(1). Glycidylaldehyde has been detected in rancid samples of commercial lard(1).

Occupational exposure to glycidaldehyde may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where glycidaldehyde is produced or used. (SRC)

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U126, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt. However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose. The most efficient type ... is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air:fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air. Some ... are designed to accept ... aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise it is necessary ... to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust. Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities ... are to be destroyed in laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for GLYCIDALDEHYDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 131P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 131P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 131P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 131P: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for GLYCIDALDEHYDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2622 131P

UN 2622; Glycidaldehyde

IMO 3.3; Glycidaldehyde

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid Poison