Silver Nitrate

H272: May intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P220, P260, P264, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P363, P370+P378, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.1% (1 of 803) of reports.

H272 (97.4%): May intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]

H290 (16.9%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]

H314 (99.9%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (33%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H360D (11.7%): May damage the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

H400 (99.6%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (99.8%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P210, P220, P234, P260, P264, P264+P265, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P321, P363, P370+P378, P390, P391, P405, P406, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 803 reports by companies from 35 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 803 reports by companies.

There are 34 notifications provided by 802 of 803 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P318, P321, P330, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P220, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P203, P210, P220, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer immediately for medical attention .

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: Contaminated clothing may be a fire risk when dry. (ERG, 2024)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Contaminated clothing may be a fire risk when dry.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

SMALL FIRE: Use water. Do not use dry chemicals or foams. CO2 or Halon® may provide limited control.

LARGE FIRE: Flood fire area with water from a distance. Do not move cargo or vehicle if cargo has been exposed to heat. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: For ammonium nitrate products: Do not fight cargo fire. Withdraw, evacuate and isolate area for at least 1600 meters (1 mile). Treat as an explosive (ERG Guide 112). Do not enter area for 24 hours or until expert advice has been provided. Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water in large amounts. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

If material on fire or involved in a fire: Flood with water. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far away as possible.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable consider evacuation of one-half (1/2) mile radius.

If large quantities are involved in a fire ... an explosion may result.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Do not get water inside containers.

Small Dry Spill

· With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area.

Small Liquid Spill

· Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite or sand to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 100 meters (330 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. If ammonium nitrate products are in a tank, rail car or truck and involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, initiate evacuation including emergency responders for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 100 meters (330 feet).

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

· If ammonium nitrate products are in a tank, rail car or truck and involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, initiate evacuation including emergency responders for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Environmental considerations: Water spill: If dissolved, apply sodium sulfide soln to precipitate heavy metals. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Environmental considerations: Land Spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Precipitation is the preferred treatment process for removing toxic heavy metals from electroplating waters. Precipitation processes include hydroxide, lime and/or sulfide treatment. Chemical reduction is used to treat complex metals such as nickel, copper, hexavalent chromium waste, soluble lead, silver, metal containing cyanide, and mercury. Adsorption has shown potential for treating and polishing aqueous metal bearing wastes. Activated carbon, activated alumina, and iron filings are all applicable adsorbents. Alkaline chlorination and incineration are effective cyanide destruction treatments. Evaporation, ion-exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and electrolytic recovery are waste reduction and recovery techniques applicable to metal bearing hazardous streams.

If material not on fire & not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers.

Personnel protection: Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ...

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not get water inside containers.

SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area.

SMALL LIQUID SPILL: Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite or sand to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. (ERG, 2024)

Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Well closed. Store only in original container. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.

... Protect from light and store in inert, collapsible containers or in other suitable single-dose containers at 15-30 °C; freezing of the ophthalmic soln should be avoided and the soln should not be used when cold.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

0.01 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction, as Ag[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

0.047 [mg/m3]

39 [mg/m3]

230 [mg/m3]

0.01 [mg/m3], as Ag

10 mg Ag/m3 (NIOSH, 2024)

10.0 [mg/m3], as Ag

10 mg/cu m (as ag). /Silver (metal dust and soluble compounds, as Ag)/

8 Hr Time Weighted Average (TWA): 0.01 mg/cu m. /Soluble silver compounds, as Ag/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Soluble silver compounds, as Ag/

(as Ag): 0.01 mg/m

(as Ag): 0,01 mg/m

(inhalable fraction): 0.01 mg/m

Small Fire

· Use water. Do not use dry chemicals or foams. CO2 or Halon® may provide limited control.

Large Fire

· Flood fire area with water from a distance.

· Do not move cargo or vehicle if cargo has been exposed to heat.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· For ammonium nitrate products: Do not fight cargo fire. Withdraw, evacuate and isolate area for at least 1600 meters (1 mile). Treat as an explosive (GUIDE 112). Do not enter area for 24 hours or until expert advice has been provided.

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. The substance may cause effects on the blood. This may result in the formation of methaemoglobin. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

The substance may have effects on the blood. This may result in the formation of methaemoglobin. The substance may cause a grey-blue discolouration of the eyes and skin (argyria/argyrosis). Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development.

Goggles or face shield; rubber gloves. (USCG, 1999)

Personnal protection should include wearing ... protective clothing to avoid skin contact, as well as chem safwty goggles for protection of eyes. Respirator should be worn in order to prvent excessive inhalation of dust or mist of silver nitrate.

NO contact with flammables, combustible substances, reducing agents or acetylene. See Chemical Dangers.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection. Avoid inhalation of dust.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Silver nitrate appears as a colorless or white crystalline solid becoming black on exposure to light or organic material.

Liquid; Large Crystals; Liquid; Dry Powder; Large Crystals

Colorless, odorless crystals; Soluble (122 grams in 100 cc of water at 0 deg C; [HSDB]

ODOURLESS COLOURLESS OR WHITE CRYSTALS. TURNS GREY ON EXPOSURE TO LIGHT.

Colorless rhombic cyrstals

Transparent large crystals or white small crystals

Odorless

Bitter, metallic taste

824 °F at 760 mmHg (Decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

440 °C (decomposes)

414 °F (NTP, 1992)

greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 61 °F (NTP, 1992)

For more Solubility (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

122 G SOL IN 100 CC WATER @ 0 °C

952 G SOL IN 100 CC WATER @ 190 °C

1 g sol in 30 ml alcohol; 1 g sol in 6.5 ml boiling alcohol; 1 g sol in 253 ml acetone; readily sol in ammonia water

SOL IN ETHER, GLYCEROL

245 g/100 g of water

Solubility in water: very soluble

4.35 at 66.2 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

Density (at 20 °C): 4.35 g/ml

4.35 @25 °C

Light sensitive.

On exposure to air or light in the presence of organic matter, silver nitrate becomes grey or greyish-black.

In the presence of a trace of nitric acid, silver nitrate is stable to 350 °C

Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

When heated to decomposition ... emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.

DECOMP @ 440 °C INTO METALLIC SILVER, NITROGEN, OXYGEN & NITROGEN OXIDES.

Aqueous and alcoholic soln are neutral to litmus; pH about 6

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.729, 1.744, 1.788

SOLN NEUTRAL TO LITMUS. /TOUGHENED SILVER NITRATE/

At 212 °C, forms yellowish liq solidifying to white, crystalline mass on cooling.

Not photosensitive when pure; trace amt of org material promotes photoreduction.

Heat of fusion: 16.2 cal/g

For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Nitrogen Compounds -> Nitrates and Nitrites

Corrosives

Hair dyeing

Cosmetics -> FDA Regulatory Status of Color Additives

Use unspecified -> FDA Substance added to food

Water soluble.

Nitrate and Nitrite Compounds, Inorganic

Strong Oxidizing Agent

CSL00066

ETHANOL + SILVER NITRATE

Potentially explosive

Explosive

User-Reported

CSL00182

Silver Nitrate + Ethanol

N. M. Doherty (University of Washington) drew our attention to a serious explosion in her laboratory during the purification of silver nitrate using the procedure in our book on the “Purification of Laboratory Chemicals”, 2nd ed.; Pergamon: London, 1980, p 520. The following is quoted from her letter: As per your procedure the student was recrystallizing silver nitrate (20 g) from high purity (quartz-distilled, deionized) water (~100 mL) by the dropwise addition of high purity ethanol (~1 mL total). After collection of a first crop of crystals (~7 g), the student, follow- ing normal crystallization procedures, produced a second crop of crystals by concentration of the mother liquor by heating on a steam bath, then dropwise addition of another ~1 mL of ethanol. A contact explosion occurred during collection of the second crop when the student agitated the slurry on a sintered glass frit with a spatula. This explosion was quite violent, shattering the glassware involved and sending large chunks of glass as far as fifteen feet away. Very fortunately, the student was not cut by any of the glass shards; however, the potential for major personal injury was present. We were unaware of this danger, but explosions from silver nitrate and ethanol were known to occur and the haz- ards have been documented [Tully, J, P. News Ed. Chem, Soc.) 1941, 19, 250; Chem. Abstr. 1941, 35, 30928; Garin, D. L.; Henderson, K. 0. J. Chem. Educ. 1970,47, 741; Bretherick, L. “Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards”, 3rd ed.; Butterworths: London, 1985, pp 13-14. We are grateful to Professor Doherty for pointing out the dangers of this purification to us, and we should like to inform the chemical community of this grave error in our book. This will be rectified in the third edition.

Medium (up to 100g)

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed063p1016.3

Literature Reference

07/01/2022

SILVER NITRATE is noncombustible but, as an oxidizing agent, can accelerate the burning of combustible materials. If large quantities are involved in a fire or the combustible material is finely divided, an explosion may result. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may result in an explosion. Light sensitive. Mixtures with alkyl esters may explode owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates. Mixtures with phosphorus, tin(II) chloride, or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109]. Reacts with acetylene in the presence of ammonia to form silver acetylide, a powerful detonator when dry [Bretherick 1979 p. 198]. Reaction with ethyl alcohol (or other alcohols) may produce silver fulminate, which can explode when disturbed [Bretherick 1979 p. 200]. An intimate mixture of silver nitrate and magnesium may ignite spontaneously on contact with a drop of water [Bretherick 1979 p. 200]. An explosion occurred when purified phosphine was passed rapidly into a concentrated solution of silver nitrate [Mellor 3:471 1946-47]. When a mixture of 28% ammonium hydroxide and silver nitrate solution was treated with a small amount of sodium hydroxide. Black precipitate, silver nitride exploded on stirring [MCA Case History 1554 1968].

Silver nitrate (or other soluble salt) reacts with acetylene in presence of ammonia to form silver acetylide, a sensitive and powerful detonator when dry. In the absence of ammonia, or when calcium acetylide is added to a silver nitrate soln, explosive double salts of silver acetylide and silver nitrate are produced. Mercurous acetylide precipitates silver acetylide from aqueous nitrate.

Interaction /between silver nitrate and chlorosulfonic acid/ is violent, /with/ nitrosulfonic acid being formed.

An intimate mixture of dry powdered magnesium and silver nitrate may ignite explosively on contact with a drop of water.

REDUCED BY HYDROGEN SULFIDE IN DARK.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Metallic silver is oxidized and may deposit in the tissues, causing arygria. The silver ion is known to inhibit glutathione peroxidase and NA+,K+-ATPase activity, disrupting selenium-catalyzed sulfhydryl oxidation-reduction reactions and intracellular ion concentrations, respectively. Silver nanoparticles are believed to disrupt the mitochondrial respiratory chain, causing oxidative stress, reduced ATP synthesis, and DNA damage. Nitrate's toxicity is a result of it's conversion to nitrite once in the body. Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613, L808, A243, A244, A245, A246)

Ingested nitrate or nitrite under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). (L135)

Exposure to high levels of silver for a long period of time may result in a condition called arygria, a blue-gray discoloration of the skin and other body tissues. Argyria is a permanent effect but does not appear to be harmful to health. While silver itself is not toxic, most silver salts are, and may damage the liver, kidney, and central nervous system, as well as be carcinogenic. Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137, L808, L809, L810)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion.

Oral (L808) ; inhalation (L808) ; dermal (L808)

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation behind the breastbone. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Headache. Fatigue. Weakness.

Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns. Blisters.

Redness. Pain. Severe burns. Loss of vision.

Burns in mouth and throat. Abdominal pain. Nausea. Vomiting. Shock or collapse. Further see Inhalation.

Exposure to high levels of silver for a long period of time may result in a condition called arygria, a blue-gray discoloration of the skin and other body tissues. Argyria is a permanent effect but does not appear to be harmful to health. Exposure to high levels of silver in the air has resulted in breathing problems, lung and throat irritation, and stomach pains. Skin contact with silver can cause mild allergic reactions such as rash, swelling, and inflammation in some people. Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137, L808)

Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

LD50: 23 783 ug/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (T14)

LD50: 50 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (T20)

LD50 chick eggs 0.10 mg

LD50 Swiss albino mice (male) ip 13.9 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse ip 23,783 ug/kg

LD50 Mouse oral 50 mg/kg

Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613)

SELENITE (1 UMOL/KG) INHIBITED BILIARY EXCRETION OF AG+. SILVER NITRATE DID NOT INFLUENCE SELENIUM EXCRETION. PRETREATMENT WITH SELENITE CAUSED RETENTION /OF SILVER/ IN BLOOD, KIDNEY, & BRAIN. EFFECTS ATTRIBUTED TO FORMATION OF THE ALMOST INSOL COMPLEX AG2SE.

... Topical treatment /of oral tissues/ with PGF2-alpha ... decreased or inhibited the caustic response of subsequent exposure to silver nitrate ... indicating that PGF2-alpha has some cytoprotective action on the human oral mucosa. Submucosal injection of PGF2-alpha induced a mild vasodilation. ... An inflammatory response occurred after injection of PGF2-alpha and smearing of the tissue with caustics, but this disappeared in 15-30 minutes.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat as necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 d of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Nitrates, nitrites, and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary. Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Nitrates, nitrites, and related compounds/

Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) provides two -SH (sulfhydryl groups) which can chelate heavy metals. ... DMSA is specific for ... silver but does not bind iron, calcium, or magnesium.

GENERALIZED ARGYRIA ... IS ... RECOGNIZED BY WIDESPREAD PIGMENTATION OF SKIN, AS SEEN IN ... DARK, UNIFORM, SLATE-GREY COLOR OF FACE, FOREARMS & FINGERNAILS OF WORKER IN MFR OF SILVER NITRATE. PIGMENTATION APPEARS EARLY ON FACE, GRADUALLY SPREADING TO EARS & NECK ... & HANDS; IN A LESS SEVERE DEGREE IT APPEARS ON UNCOVERED AREAS OF THE BODY, IN MOST SEVERE CASES THE SKIN BECOMING ALMOST BLACK WITH A METALLIC LUSTRE.

ARGYROSIS OF RESPIRATORY TRACT ... HAS ... BEEN DESCRIBED ... IN TWO MEN EMPLOYED IN MFR OF SILVER NITRATE. ... SYMPTOM WAS MILD CHRONIC BRONCHITIS; THERE WAS NO DISCOLORATION OF SKIN, EYES OR MOUTH BUT NASAL MUCOSA SHOWED BILATERAL SYMMETRICAL IMPREGNATION OF WALLS OF MIDDLE & UPPER REGION.

... CORNEAL OPACIFICATION & BLEEDING CONJUNCTIVA WITHIN AN HR /REPORTED/ AFTER APPLICATION OF 2 DROPS FROM AN /SRP: ACCIDENTAL USE OF/ SILVER NITRATE STICK INTO THE EYES OF A NEWBORN. OPACIFICATION MAY BE SO SEVERE AS TO CAUSE BLINDNESS.

/IN PATIENT WITH SEVERE ARGYROSIS RESULTING FROM INDUST EXPOSURE TO SILVER NITRATE/ BRONCHIAL MUCOUS MEMBRANE ... SHOWED DEPOSITS IN BASAL MEMBRANE, & THERE WAS SOME SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA, BUT MUCH LESS EVIDENCE OF PHAGOCYTOSIS THAN IN NASAL MUCOSA.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (49 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TOXIC DOSE ... /FROM INGESTION/ FOR THE DOG IS 2-4 G. LARGE DOSES ACT AS IRRITANTS PRODUCING SEVERE GASTROENTERITIS.

In attempts to induce glaucoma in rabbits ... 0.175% silver nitrate soln /was injected/ subconjunctivally, but found that it caused excessive local /injuries/.

A LIGHT GRAY CAT ... POISONED BY ADMIN OF 3 G OF SILVER NITRATE BY STOMACH TUBE IS SAID TWO DAYS LATER TO HAVE HAD TRANSIENT BLINDNESS WITH SWELLING OF OPTIC NERVEHEADS & DILATION OF RETINAL VESSELS. PIGMENTATION OF FUNDUS THEN RESEMBLED THAT OF BLACK CAT.

2 MG AG/KG OF SILVER NITRATE INCR METALLOTHIONEIN LEVELS IN LIVER OF RATS BY APPROX 2-FOLD WITHOUT ALTERING KIDNEY METALLOTHIONEIN CONTENT.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (49 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LC50 Daphnia magna (cladoceran) 3.4 ug/l/24 hr in water hardness of 274 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Daphnia magna (cladoceran) 9.5 ug/l/48 hr in water hardness of 47 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Daphnia magna (cladoceran) 43 ug/l/48 hr in water hardness of 70 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Ephemerella grandis (mayfly) <4 ug/l/7 days in water hardness of 31 mg/l CaCO3. LC50 Ephemerella grandis (mayfly) 8.8 ug/l/15 days in water hardness of 30 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Inhalation of fumes or dust, ingestion of solutions or dust, and eye or skin contact.

LC50 Daphnia magna (cladoceran) 3.4 ug/l/24 hr in water hardness of 274 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Daphnia magna (cladoceran) 9.5 ug/l/48 hr in water hardness of 47 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Daphnia magna (cladoceran) 43 ug/l/48 hr in water hardness of 70 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

LC50 Ephemerella grandis (mayfly) <4 ug/l/7 days in water hardness of 31 mg/l CaCO3. LC50 Ephemerella grandis (mayfly) 8.8 ug/l/15 days in water hardness of 30 mg/l CaCO3. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Inhalation of fumes or dust, ingestion of solutions or dust, and eye or skin contact.

IN INDUSTRY ARGYRIA FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO SILVER OR ITS COMPOUNDS MAY BE LOCALIZED OR GENERALIZED. ... GENERALIZED ARGYRIA HAS OCCURRED ... MAINLY FROM MFR OF SILVER NITRATE & FROM ... SILVERING OF GLASS BEADS, MIRROR PLATING, DECORATION OF CHRISTMAS /ORNAMENTS/. ...

The organs of two burn patients who had been treated with fresh dressings of silver nitrate continuously for at least 6 days or every 8 hr for 30 days were analyzed. In the 66 yr old man, who had died of a brain tumor about 50 days after the 8 hr treatment was initiated, the silver concentrations in the tissues were slightly above normal: bone, 0.025 mg/kg; heart, 0.040 mg/kg; kidney, 0.140 mg/kg; and skin, 2,800 mg/kg. The second patient was an 18 yr old male, who died of respiratory complications on his 7th hospital day. Before death, the silver concentration in his urine was 0.038 mg/l and in his blood, 0.12 mg/l. There was no silver detected in his lung or brain; but the concentrations in other tissues were: heart, 0.032 mg/kg; kidney, 0.14 mg/kg; spleen, 0.23 mg/kg; liver, 0.44 mg/kg; muscle, 2.0 mg/kg; and skin, 1,250.0 mg/kg.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Precipitation is the preferred treatment process for removing toxic heavy metals from electroplating waters. Precipitation processes include hydroxide, lime and/or sulfide treatment. Chemical reduction is used to treat complex metals such as nickel, copper, hexavalent chromium waste, soluble lead, silver, metal containing cyanide, and mercury. Adsorption has shown potential for treating and polishing aqueous metal bearing wastes. Activated carbon, activated alumina, and iron filings are all applicable adsorbents. Alkaline chlorination and incineration are effective cyanide destruction treatments. Evaporation, ion-exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and electrolytic recovery are waste reduction and recovery techniques applicable to metal bearing hazardous streams.

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Fire or Explosion: These substances will accelerate burning when involved in a fire. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May explode from heat or contamination. Some will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Health: Inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 140: OXIDIZERS/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for SILVER NITRATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1493; Silver nitrate

IMO 5.1; Silver nitrate

49 187 42; Silver nitrate

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Oxidizer

Unbreakable packaging.

UN Hazard Class: 5.1; UN Pack Group: II