arsenictrichloride

H300 (12%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H301+H331 (84%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H301 (88%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310 (82%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (14%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H331 (100%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H350 (14%): May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

H400 (98%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P318, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 50 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]

H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P318, P319, P321, P337+P317, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

P203, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Warning: Effects usually appear within 30 minutes of exposure but may be delayed for several hours. Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Arsenous Trichloride Exposure: Dehydration, intense thirst, vomiting, severe abdominal pain, and diarrhea are among the first signs and symptoms of acute arsenous trichloride exposure. Hypotension (low blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate) are common. Headache, conjunctivitis (red, inflamed eyes), runny nose, and lacrimation (tearing) may also be seen. Garlic odor to the breath and feces may be noted. Cardiovascular signs include shock, ventricular fibrillation, tachycardia, and other cardiac abnormalities. Pulmonary edema may occur. Altered mental status, seizures, and delirium are further complications of acute arsenous trichloride exposure. Intense muscular cramping is common. Contact with airborne dust can result in the release of hydrochloric acid and is generally accompanied by irritation of exposed skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to arsenous trichloride may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to arsenous trichloride.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. RUSH to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to arsenous trichloride.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. RUSH to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. DO NOT induce vomiting.

4. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.

5. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

6. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

7. RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.

This compound is not flammable. Extinguish with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock down vapors.

Behavior in fire: Becomes gaseous and causes irritation. Forms hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid) by reaction with water used on adjacent fires.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1560 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)

Large spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 100 m (300 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.2 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.3 km (0.2 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 1.0 km (0.7 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 1.5 km (1.0 mi)

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable plastic containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Environmental consideration: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.

Environmental consideration: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk with fly ash or cement powder.

Environmental consideration: Water spill: Adjust pH to neutral (pH 7). Add calcium hypochlorite. Neutralize with agricultural lime, crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. Add ferric chloride (FeCl3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to disperse vapors and protect personnel. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for ARSENIC TRICHLORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater + Pure Compound; Results of Study: 5ppm @ 4gpm @ pH= 7.0. Iron system-90% reduction; low lime system-80% reduction; high lime system-76% reduction; (3 coagulant systems were used; Iron system used 45 ppm as Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 @ pH= 6.0. Low lime system used 20 ppm Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 and 260 ppm of CaO @ pH= 10.0. High lime system used 600 ppm of CaO @ pH= 11.5. Chemical coagulation was followed by multimedia filtration). /Arsenic cmpd/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2024)

Separated from food and feedstuffs. Cool. Dry. Ventilation along the floor.

Separate from acids, alkalies. Store in a cool, dark, dry, well-ventilated location.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Inorganic arsenic plus methylated metabolites in urine = 35 ug As/L; end of workweek;

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

The compound is currently at the Holding Status AEGLs which have been reviewed by the NAC/AEGL Committee and are on hold due to insufficient data to develop AEGL values.

AEGLs Status: Holding

0.6 [mg/m3]

10 [mg/m3]

240 [mg/m3]

0.01 [mg/m3], as As

5 mg As/m3 ; A potential occupational carcinogen. (NIOSH, 2024)

5.0 [mg/m3], as As

5 mg/cu m (as AS); NIOSH considers arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Arsenic (inorganic cmpd, as As)/

8 hr Time weighted Avg (TWA) 0.01 mg/cu m /Arsenic and inorganic compounds, as As/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Arsenic and inorganic compounds, as As/

A1: Confirmed human carcinogen. /Arsenic and inorganic compounds, as As/

BEI (Biological Exposure Index): Determinant: Inorganic arsenic plus methylated metabolites in urine; Sampling Time: end of workweek; BEI: 35 ug As/L. The determinant may be present in biological specimens collected from subjects who have not been occupationally exposed, at a concentration which could affect interpretation of the result. Such background concentrations are incorporated in the BEI value. /Arsenic, elemental and soluble inorganic compounds/

(as As): 0.01 mg/m

(inhalable fraction): 0.01 mg/m

(as As): skin absorption (H); carcinogen category: 1; germ cell mutagen group: 3A.

Acute Oral: 0.005 mg/kg/day (L134)

Chronic Oral: 0.0003 mg/kg/day (L134)

Chronic Inhalation: 0.01 mg/m3 (L134)

· Note: Some foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases.

Small Fire

· CO2 (except for Cyanides), dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

... The following countries had adopted the ... TLV of 0.5 mg/cu m: Austria, Belgium, Finland, Japan, and Holland. Czechoslavakia, East Germany, Hungary and Poland ... USSR ... 0.3 mg/cu m; Romania and Switzerland, 0.2 mg/cu m; Sweden 0.05 mg/cu m; and Italy 0.25 mg/cu m. /Arsenic and sol cmpd/

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is severely irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system and central nervous system. This may result in severe gastroenteritis, loss of fluids and electrolytes, cardiac disorders, shock and convulsions. Exposure above the OEL could cause death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. The substance may have effects on the mucous membranes, skin, peripheral nervous system, liver and bone marrow. This may result in pigmentation disorders, hyperkeratosis, perforation of the nasal septum, neuropathy, liver impairment and anaemia. This substance is carcinogenic to humans. Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes malformations in human babies.

Arsenic trichloride appears as a colorless to yellow oily fuming liquid. It is irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Very toxic by inhalation and ingestion.

Clear, oily liquid; [HSDB] Colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor; [CHRIS]

COLOURLESS OILY FUMING LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Oily liquid

Colorless liquid

SWEETISH METALLIC TASTE

266.4 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

130.5 °C

130.2 °C

130 °C @760 [mm Hg]

3.2 °F (EPA, 1998)

One mol can be dissolved in 9 moles of water; miscible with chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, iodine, sulfur, alkali iodides, oils and fats.

Sol in hydrogen bromide, hydrochloric acid, alcohol, and phosphorus trichloride.

Sol in ether

Solubility in water: reaction

2.156 at 77 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

2.1450 @ 25 °C

PER CENT IN SATURATED AIR: 1.3 (23.5 °C); DENSITY OF SATURATED AIR: 1.07 (AIR= 1); 1 MG/L IS EQUIVALENT TO 135 PPM, 1 PPM IS EQUIVALENT TO 7.4 MG/CU M AT 25 °C, 760 MM HG

DENSITY: 2.163 AT 20 °C (LIQUID)

2.1 g/cm³

Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20 °C (air = 1): 1.06

2.15 @25 °C

6.25 (EPA, 1998) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

6.25 (Air= 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 6.3

10 mmHg at 74.3 °F (EPA, 1998)

10 mm Hg @ 23.5 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 1.17

10 [mm Hg] @23.5 °C

FUMES IN MOIST AIR

Decomposes with sunlight or on contact with water or moist air to produce hydrogen chloride and arsenic trioxide.

When heated to decomposition it emits bery toxic fumes of /arsenic and hydrogen chloride/.

DANGEROUS WHEN HEATED TO DECOMP ... IT EMITS TOXIC FUMES OF ARSENIC /SRP: INCLUDING ARSINE/. /ARSENIC CMPD/

Corrodes metal

35.01 kJ/mol

Index of refraction: 1.6006 @ 20 °C/D

Specific heat: 3.19 cal/mol/deg C; dipole moment: 2.17

Latent heat of vaporization: 88.31 Btu/lb= 49.06 cal/g= 2.054X10+5 J/kg

Metals -> Arsenic Compounds, Inorganic

Carcinogens

Fumes in air. Reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid and As(OH)3.

Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates

Halogenating Agents

Water-Reactive

Air-Reactive

When ARSENIC TRICHLORIDE is heated to decomposition or on contact with mineral acids, it emits highly toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride and of metallic arsenic. Explodes with Na, K, and Al on impact [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 275]. The interaction of hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium with a range of chlorinated and /or fluorinated derivatives of arsenic, boron, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur yielded a violently exothermic reaction.

With aluminum: Powdered aluminum ignites in the vapor of arsenic trichloride.

With hexafluoroisopropylideneaminolithium: Interaction of the lithium derivative with a range of chloro- and fluoro-derivatives ... of arsenic ... during warming to 25 °C tended to be violently exothermic, in absence of solvent.

Highly reactive. Explodes with /sodium, potassium, & aluminum/ on impact.

Explodes with /sodium, potassium, & aluminum/ on impact.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for ARSENIC TRICHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Arsenic and its metabolites disrupt ATP production through several mechanisms. At the level of the citric acid cycle, arsenic inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase and by competing with phosphate it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, thus inhibiting energy-linked reduction of NAD+, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP synthesis. Hydrogen peroxide production is also increased, which might form reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Arsenic's carginogenicity is influenced by the arsenical binding of tubulin, which results in aneuploidy, polyploidy and mitotic arrests. The binding of other arsenic protein targets may also cause altered DNA repair enzyme activity, altered DNA methylation patterns and cell proliferation. (T1, A17)

Classification of carcinogenicity: 1) evidence in humans: sufficient; 2) evidence in animals: limited. Overall summary evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans is Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans. NOTE: This evaluation applies to the group of chemicals as a whole and not necessarily to all individual chemicals within the group. /Arsenic and arsenic compounds/

CLASSIFICATION: A; human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on sufficient evidence from human data. An increased lung cancer mortality was observed in multiple human populations exposed primarily through inhalation. Also, increased mortality from multiple internal organ cancers (liver, kidney, lung, and bladder) and an increased incidence of skin cancer were observed in populations consuming drinking water high in inorganic arsenic. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. /Inorganic Arsenic/ /based on former classification system/

A1: Confirmed human carcinogen. /Arsenic and inorganic compounds, as As/

Evaluation: There is sufficient evidence in humans that arsenic in drinking-water causes cancers of the urinary bladder, lung and skin ... Overall evaluation: Arsenic in drinking-water is carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). /Arsenic in drinking-water/

Arsenic compounds, inorganic: known to be a human carcinogen.

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

Arsenic poisoning can lead to death from multi-system organ failure, probably from necrotic cell death, not apoptosis. Arsenic is also a known carcinogen, esepcially in skin, liver, bladder and lung cancers. (T1, L20)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, by ingestion and through the skin.

Oral (L2) ; inhalation (L2); dermal (L2)

Cough. Sore throat. Headache. Laboured breathing. Further see Ingestion.

Redness. Pain.

Nausea. Vomiting. Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Shock or collapse.

Exposure to lower levels of arsenic can cause nausea and vomiting, decreased production of red and white blood cells, abnormal heart rhythm, damage to blood vessels, and a sensation of burn (T1).

Neurotoxin - Sensorimotor

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Aplastic anemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as primary toxic effect.

Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

IARC Carcinogen - Class 1: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as established human carcinogens.

NTP Carcinogen - Known to be a human carcinogen.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Confirmed Human.

WHO= 0.002 mg/kg /Inorganic arsenic cmpd, as As; from table/

LD50: 145 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (L376)

Arsenic poisoning can be treated by chelation therapy, using chelating agents such as dimercaprol, EDTA or DMSA. Charcoal tablets may also be used for less severe cases. In addition, maintaining a diet high in sulfur helps eliminate arsenic from the body. (L20)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Chlorine and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider vasopressors to treat hypotension without signs of hypovolemia ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Chlorine and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Treat seizures if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Arsenic and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of pulmonary edema. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Arsenic and related compounds/

IT IS EXTREMELY TOXIC & CAUSTIC, OWING NOT ONLY TO POISONOUS NATURE OF ARSENIC BUT ALSO TO RELEASE OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID IN PRESENCE OF WATER. ... INDUSTRIALLY /VAPOR/ HAS BEEN OBSERVED TO CAUSE BLEPHAROSPASM, PHOTOPHOBIA, & LACRIMATION IN WORKMEN, RESULTING IN TEMPORARY REDDENING OF CONJUNCTIVA, BUT NO CORNEAL INJURY.

AUTOPSY ON 24 YR OLD CHEM ENGINEER WHO COMMITTED SUICIDE BY MEANS OF ARSENIC TRICHLORIDE REVEALED ACUTE ARSENIC POISONING. EXTREME CORROSION FOUND, ESPECIALLY IN REGION OF ESOPHAGUS.

Arsenic trichloride was tested in human leukocyte cultures at concn of 6, 24, and 72x10-7 M. It significantly incr the number of chromosomal aberrations in a concn dependent manner producing 11.7, 70.5 and 125.0 aberrations per 100 cells, respectively.

Arsenic trichloride was /accidentally/ spilled on one leg of a worker. After death, arsenic was found in high concentrations in all tissues examined (lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, stomach, heart, and blood), and it appeared that the trichloride had been inhaled as well as absorbed through the skin. The heart, liver, kidneys, pancreas, and stomach were in a state of acute granulo-fatty degeneration. The direct cause of death was kidney failure, but the damage to the lung, liver, pancreas, and heart also would have been fatal.

Exposure to arsenic trichloride, which has a vapor pressure at 25C sufficient to produce an air concn of 140,000 mg/m3, can cause irritation or ulceration on contact or may be absorbed through the skin, with fatal results ... .

/Protect/ from exposure those individuals with diseases of skin, blood, liver, kidney, and central nervous system.

This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to soil organisms and aquatic organisms. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Arsenic chloride is produced from dry etching process of gallium arsenide wafers in chlorofluorocarbons and is contained in the wastes recovered from the vacuum system after the processing.

This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to soil organisms and aquatic organisms. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Arsenic chloride is produced from dry etching process of gallium arsenide wafers in chlorofluorocarbons and is contained in the wastes recovered from the vacuum system after the processing.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater + Pure Compound; Results of Study: 5ppm @ 4gpm @ pH= 7.0. Iron system-90% reduction; low lime system-80% reduction; high lime system-76% reduction; (3 coagulant systems were used; Iron system used 45 ppm as Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 @ pH= 6.0. Low lime system used 20 ppm Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 and 260 ppm of CaO @ pH= 10.0. High lime system used 600 ppm of CaO @ pH= 11.5. Chemical coagulation was followed by multimedia filtration). /Arsenic cmpd/

Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Full Scale Continuous Flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater; Results of Study: Effluent character (ppb): 2.5, 56% reduction with lime; 3.3, 24% reduction with lime; (lime dose of 350-400 ppm as calcium oxide @ pH= 11.3). /Arsenic cmpd/

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Arsenic trichloride [Table#1239]

/GUIDE 157: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE/WATER -SENSITIVE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat which will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

/GUIDE 157: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE/WATER -SENSITIVE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Vapors may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or contaminated with water.

/GUIDE 157: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE/WATER -SENSITIVE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ARSENIC TRICHLORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1560; Arsenic trichloride

IMO 6.1; Arsenic trichloride

49 232 09; Arsenic trichloride, liquid

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Poison Inhalation Hazard

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Marine pollutant.

Symbol: T, N; R: 23/25-50/53; S: (1/2)-20/21-28-45-60-61; Note: A

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: I