mevinphos

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P262, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H300+H310 (81.2%): Fatal if swallowed or in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal]

H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310 (100%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H330 (12.5%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H331 (79.2%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H400 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 48 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Aggregated GHS information provided per 38 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]

P210, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P316, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Warning: Effects may be delayed. Caution is advised. Vital signs should be monitored closely.

Note: Mevinphos is a cholinesterase inhibitor.

Signs and Symptoms of Mevinphos Exposure: Acute exposure to mevinphos may produce the following signs and symptoms: sweating, pinpoint pupils, blurred vision, headache, dizziness, profound weakness, muscle spasms, seizures, and coma. Mental confusion and psychosis may occur. Excessive salivation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain may also occur. The heart rate may decrease following oral exposure or increase following dermal exposure. Chest pain may be noted. Hypotension (low blood pressure) may be observed, although hypertension (high blood pressure) is not uncommon. Respiratory symptoms include dyspnea (shortness of breath), pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, and respiratory paralysis.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to mevinphos may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mevinphos.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. RUSH to a health care facility!

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mevinphos.

3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. RUSH to a health care facility!

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of mevinphos is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step

4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.Warning: Ingestion of mevinphos may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness. Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step

4.The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. RUSH to a health care facility! (EPA, 1998)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Soap wash immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Isolate hazard area, stay upwind; ventilate closed spaces before entering, wear protective clothing and positive breathing apparatus. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing.

Small fires: use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or foam. Large fires: use water spray, fog or foam. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal. (EPA, 1998)

Use powder, water spray, foam, carbon dioxide.

If material is on fire or involved in a fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities ofwater. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Extinguishant: Alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 152 [Substances - Toxic (Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

If phosdrin is spilled or leaked ... collect for reclamation or absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or similar material.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Contaminant removal from wastewater may be accomplished with air stripping.

Potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration, with a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of seconds. Also, a potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration, with a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C, and a residence time of seconds. Also, a potential candidate for liquid injection incineration with a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C, and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. /Parathion/

Manufacturers or formulators of very large amounts of pesticides may find it adv antageous to build incinerators adequate to destroy all organic pesticides and equipped with scrubbers to remove acid wastes. /Organic pesticides/

If material is not on fire and not involved in a fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.

... Respirators may be used when engineering and work practice controls are not technically feasible, when such controls are in the process of being installed, or when they fail and need to be supplemented. Respirators may also be used for operations which require entry into tanks or closed vessels, and in emergency situations. If the use of respirators is necessary, the only respirators permitted are those that have been approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (formerly Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration) or by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

Clothing which has had any possibility of being contaminated with phosdrin should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of phosdrin from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the phosdrin, the person performing the operation should be informed of phosdrin's hazardous properties.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Do not touch spilled material. In case of spills, stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed areas before entering them. Use water spray to reduce vapors. (EPA, 1998)

Separated from food and feedstuffs and strong oxidants. Keep in a well-ventilated room. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.

Rooms used for storage only should be soundly constructed & fitted with secure locks. Floors should be kept clear & pesticides clearly identified. If repacking is carried out in storage rooms, adequate light should be available; floors should be impervious & sound ... . /Pesticides/

Pesticides containers must be provided with labels indicating the degree of toxicity of the product they contain. The labels must not only give a short description of how to use the prepn, but also state basis precautions to be taken when applying it. /Organophosphorus pesticides/

Pesticides of any degree of toxicity should be transported in containers which are clearly labelled, leak-proof, and not easily damaged. They should never be transported beside, or above any type of food, and all spillages should be immediately reported. /Pesticides/

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Acetylcholinesterase activity in red blood cells = 70% of individual's baseline; Butylcholinesterase activity in serum or plasma = 60% of individual's baseline; Sample at end of shift; [TLVs and BEIs]

0.09 [mg/m3]

The compound is currently at the Holding Status AEGLs which have been reviewed by the NAC/AEGL Committee and are on hold due to insufficient data to develop AEGL values.

AEGLs Status: Holding

0.030 [mg/m3]

0.44 [mg/m3]

4.0 [mg/m3]

0.01 ppm (0.1 mg/m³)

0.03 ppm (0.3 mg/m³)

TWA 0.01 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) ST 0.03 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) [skin]

0.1 [mg/m3]

0.1 mg/m³

TWA 0.1 mg/m3 [skin] See Appendix G

4 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

36.0 [mg/m3]

See: 7786347

0.01 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction and vapor

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.01 mg/cu m (Inhalable fraction and vapor); skin

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

Biological Exposure Index (BEI): Determinant: cholinesterase activity in red blood cells; Sampling Time: discretionary; BEI: 70% of individual's baseline. The determinant is nonspecific, since it is also observed after exposure to other chemicals. /Acetylcholinesterase inhibiting pesticides/

0.01 mg/m

0.01 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction and vapor) [1998]

0.093 mg/m

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

Cholinesterase inhibition. The substance may cause effects on the nervous system. This may result in convulsions and respiratory failure. Exposure far above the OEL could cause death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Phosdrin:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.

Provide:

• EYEWASH - Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

• QUICK DRENCH - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2024)

Respiratory protection for phosdrin: Minimum respiratory protection required above 0.1 mg/cu m: Particulate or vapor concentration: 1 mg/cu m or less: Any supplied-air respirator, or any self-contained breathing apparatus; 5 mg/cu m or less: Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece, helmet, or hood, or any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece; 40 mg/cu m or less: A Type C supplied-air respirator operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure or continuous-flow mode; Greater than 40 mg/cu m or entry and escape from unknown concentrations: Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode, or a combination respirator which includes a Type C supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure or continuous-flow mode and an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Escape: Any gas mask providing protection against organic vapors and particulates, including pesticide respirators which meet the requirements of this class, or any escape self-contained breathing apparatus.

Respiratory protection (supplied-air respirator with full facepiece or self-contained breathing apparatus) should be available where these compounds are manufactured or used and should be worn in case of emergency and overexposure. /Phosphorus compounds/

WORKERS HANDLING AND APPLYING ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES (OPP) MUST ... BE GIVEN PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT COMPRISING OVERALLS MADE OF A TIGHT FABRIC OR POLYVINYL CHLORIDE, GLOVES, AND RUBBER BOOTS. THEY MUST WEAR A RESPIRATOR WITH AN ACTIVATED-CARBON GAS FILTER CARTRIDGE AFFORDING PROTECTION FOR A DETERMINED NUMBER OF WORKING HOURS. THE EYES SHOULD BE PROTECTED BY GOGGLES. THE SIGNALMEN FOR AERIAL DUSTING OPERATIONS SHOULD BE EQUIPPED WITH A HAT AND CAPE MADE OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE OR A FABRIC IMPREGNATED WITH A WATER REPELLENT. /PESTICIDES, ORGANOPHOSPHORUS/

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Mevinphos is a pale yellow to orange liquid, with a weak odor. Used as an insecticide and acaricide on vegetables, alfalfa, deciduous fruits and nuts. (EPA, 1998) May be found in the form of a dry mixture where the liquid is absorbed onto a dry carrier.

Pale-yellow to orange liquid with a weak odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID.

Pale-yellow to orange liquid with a weak odor.

Pale-yellow to orange liquid with a weak odor. [Note: Insecticide that may be absorbed on a dry carrier.]

PALE YELLOW LIQUID

Pale-yellow to orange liquid.

Weak odor

Weak odor.

223 to 226 °F at 1 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

106-107.5 °C @ 1 MM HG

223-226 °F at 1 mmHg

280 °C @760 [mm Hg]

Decomposes

44.4 to 70 °F trans isomer / cis isomer (EPA, 1998)

6.9 °C (trans), 21 °C (cis)

44.4-70 °F (trans-) 70 °F (cis-)

44 °F (trans-) 70 °F (cis-)

175 °F (EPA, 1998)

175 °C (TAG OPEN CUP)

175 °C o.c.

(oc) 347 °F

Miscible (NIOSH, 2024)

water solubility = 6.0X10+5 mg/l

MISCIBLE WITH WATER, ACETONE, BENZENE, CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, CHLOROFORM, ETHYL AND ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, TOLUENE, XYLENE; 1 G DISSOLVES IN 20 ML CARBON DISULFIDE AND IN 20 ML KEROSENE; PRACTICALLY INSOL IN HEXANE

Solubility in water: miscible

Miscible

1.25 at 68 °F (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

1.25 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.25

0.0029 mmHg at 70 °F

0.0029 mmHg at 70 °F (EPA, 1998)

0.003 [mmHg]

vapor pressure = 17 mPa @ 20 °C (1.28X10-4 mm Hg)

Vapor pressure, Pa at 21 °C: 0.38

0.003 mmHg

2.9 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = 0.13

MODERATELY STABLE IN NEUTRAL SOLN, ... REMAINED EFFECTIVE BIOLOGICALLY AFTER STANDING 7 DAYS

STABLE @ ORDINARY TEMP BUT HYDROLYZED IN AQ SOLN, 50% LOSS AFTER 120 DAYS AT PH 6, 35 DAYS AT PH 7, 3 DAYS AT PH 9 AND 1.4 HR AT PH 11.

Hydrolyzes rapidly as it dissolves in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Unsaturated

Organophosphates, such as MEVINPHOS, are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.

Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fires and explosions.

Strong oxidizers [Note: Corrosive to cast iron, some stainless steels & brass].

Strong oxidizers [Note: Corrosive to cast iron, some stainless steels & brass.]

Mevinphos is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. A cholinesterase inhibitor (or 'anticholinesterase') suppresses the action of acetylcholinesterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholinesterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses, followed by muscle spasms and ultimately death. Nerve gases and many substances used in insecticides have been shown to act by binding a serine in the active site of acetylcholine esterase, inhibiting the enzyme completely. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop. Among the most common acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are phosphorus-based compounds, which are designed to bind to the active site of the enzyme. The structural requirements are a phosphorus atom bearing two lipophilic groups, a leaving group (such as a halide or thiocyanate), and a terminal oxygen.

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Certain reproductive effects in fertility, growth, and development for males and females have been linked specifically to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Most of the research on reproductive effects has been conducted on farmers working with pesticides and insecticdes in rural areas. In females menstrual cycle disturbances, longer pregnancies, spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and some developmental effects in offspring have been linked to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Prenatal exposure has been linked to impaired fetal growth and development. Neurotoxic effects have also been linked to poisoning with OP pesticides causing four neurotoxic effects in humans: cholinergic syndrome, intermediate syndrome, organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), and chronic organophosphate-induced neuropsychiatric disorder (COPIND). These syndromes result after acute and chronic exposure to OP pesticides.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Pupillary constriction, muscle cramp, excessive salivation. Blurred vision. Sweating. Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Abdominal cramps. Dizziness. Convulsions. Unconsciousness.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Further see Inhalation.

Blurred vision.

See Inhalation.

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; miosis; rhinorrhea (discharge of thin nasal mucus); headache; chest tightness, wheezing, laryngeal spasm, salivation, cyanosis; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea; paralysis; ataxia, convulsions; low blood pressure, cardiac irreg

Symptoms of low dose exposure include excessive salivation and eye-watering. Acute dose symptoms include severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Hypertension, hypoglycemia, anxiety, headache, tremor and ataxia may also result.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, blood cholinesterase

Chemical: MEVINPHOS

Other Poison - Organophosphate

Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.

Mevinphos

Children

General Population

Human Health Benchmarks for Pesticides - 2021 Update

LC50 (rat) = 14 ppm/1h

LC50 Rat female inhalation 14 ppm/1 hr

LD50 Mouse oral 7-18 mg/kg

LD50 Gerbil male ip 0.45 mg/kg

LD50 Rat female ip 1.5 mg/kg

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

If the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of '-oximes' has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally.

PHOSDRIN OR TRICHLORPHON AT CONCN OF 20 & 100 UG/ML OF CULTURE FLUID HAVE ACTIVITY SIMILAR TO DICHLORVOS, IN THAT THEY LOWERED THE LEVEL OF AFLATOXIN PRODUCED BY ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS & CAUSED FORMATION OF SEVERAL ANTHRAQUINONE PIGMENTS.

Treatment of rats with chlorpromazine (CPZ) did not modify cholinesterase activity in brain, skeletal muscle, myocardium, lung, liver, and kidney. CPZ slightly potentiated the effects of mevinphos.

Treatment is the same as that for poisoning by other organic phosphorus cmpd ... The beneficial effects of oximes in people poisoned by mevinphos have been noted in several cases ... but not in all ... The importnace of thorough bathing is emphasized by a case in which continuing illness suggested continuing dermal absorption.

A comatose patient who is diaphoretic, has pinpoint pupils and the odor of an insecticide on clothing or breath, and is noted to have muscle fasciculations represents the classic presentation of organophosphate poisoning. ... Specific steps in management include the following. 1. Decontamination. ... 2 Airway. Establish an airway if necessary. ... 3. Respiratory Status. Respiratory distress, in fact, is commonly found in these patients from multiple causes. ... 4. Cardiac Monitoring. ... 5. Cholinesterase Level. ... 6. Pralidoxime. Pralidoxime is the treatment of choice for organophosphate poisoning and should be used for nearly all patients with clinically significant orgnophosphate poisoning, particularly whose patients with muscular fasciculations and weakness. ... 7. Atropine. Atropine is the physiologic antidote for organophosphate poisoning. A trial dose of atropine should be instituted on clinical ground when one suspects organophosphate intoxication. /Organophosphate poisoning/

1. INSURE THAT A CLEAR AIRWAY EXISTS BY ASPIRATION OF SECRETIONS IF NECESSARY. ADMIN OXYGEN BY MECHANICALLY ASSISTED PULMONARY VENTILATION IF RESPIRATION IS DEPRESSED. IMPROVE TISSUE OXYGENATION AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE BEFORE ADMIN ATROPINE TO MINIMIZE RISK OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. IN SEVERE POISONINGS, IT MAY BE NECESSARY TO SUPPORT PULMONARY VENTILATION MECHANICALLY FOR SEVERAL DAYS. 2. ADMIN ATROPINE SULFATE IV, OR IM IF IV INJECTION IS NOT POSSIBLE. ... IN MODERATELY SEVERE POISONING: ADULT DOSAGE AND CHILDREN OVER 12 YR: 0.4-2.0 MG REPEATED EVERY 15 MIN UNTIL ATROPINIZATION IS ACHIEVED. MAINTAIN ATROPINIZATION WITH REPEATED DOSAGE OF 0.02-0.05 MG/KG BODY WEIGHT. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/

2. SEVERELY POISONED INDIVIDUALS MAY EXHIBIT REMARKABLE TOLERANCE TO ATROPINE; TWO OR MORE TIMES THE DOSAGES SUGGESTED ABOVE MAY BE NEEDED. THE DOSE OF ATROPINE MAY BE INCREASED AND THE DOSING INTERVAL DECREASED AS NEEDED TO CONTROL SYMPTOMS. CONTINUOUS INTRAVENOUS INFUSION OF ATROPINE MAY BE NECESSARY WHEN ATROPINE REQUIREMENTS ARE MASSIVE. REVERSAL OF MUSCARINIC SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS, NOT AN ARBITRARY DOSE LIMIT, IS THE DESIRED END-POINT. PRESERVATIVE-FREE ATROPINE PRODUCTS SHOULD BE USED WHENEVER POSSIBLE. NOTE: PERSONS NOT POISONED OR ONLY SLIGHTLY POISONED BY ORGANOPHOSPHATES MAY DEVELOP SIGNS OF ATROPINE TOXICITY FROM SUCH LARGE DOSES. FEVER, MUSCLE FIBRILLATIONS, AND DELIRIUM ARE THE MAIN SIGNS OF ATROPINE TOXICITY. IF THESE APPEAR WHILE THE PATIENT IS FULLY ATROPINIZED, ATROPINE ADMINISTRATION SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED, AT LEAST TEMPORARILY, WHILE THE SEVERITY OF POISONING IS REEVALUATED. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/

For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Recommended medical surveillance: The following procedures should be made available to each employee who is exposed to phosdrin at potentially hazardous levels: Initial Medical Examination: A complete history and physical examination: The purpose is to detect pre-existing conditions that might place the exposed employee at increased risk, and to establish a baseline for future health monitoring. Examination of the respiratory system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, and attention to the cholinesterase levels in the blood should be stressed. The skin should be examined for evidence of chronic disorders. Cholinesterase determination: Phosdrin causes depressed levels of activity of cholinesterase in the serum and erythrocytes. The cholinesterase activity in the serum and erythrocytes should be determined by using medically acceptable biochemical tests prior to any new period of exposure. Periodic Medical Examination: The aforementioned medical examinations should be the cholinesterase determination which should be performed quarterly or at any time overexposure is suspected or signs and symptoms of toxicity occur.

... Workers ... must undergo an annual medical exam at the beginning of each agricultural season. Contraindications for work with organophosphorus pesticides are organic diseases of the CNS , mental disorders & epilepsy, pronounced endocrine & vegetative disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and circulatory disorders, gastrointestinal diseases (peptic ulcer), gastroenterocolitis, diseases of the liver & kidneys, eye diseases (chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis). Blood cholinesterase activity must be determined before work starts. In the event of prolonged work periods, this activity should be determined at intervals of 3-4 days. Persons exhibiting a fall in cholinesterase activity of 25% or more must be transferred to other work where they are not exposed ... until /cholinesterase level/ is completely restored. /Organophosphorus pesticides/

In addition to signs and symptoms observed by others, ... reported high fever and cramping of the lower extremities in three heavily exposed agricultural spraymen who recovered following unusually large doses of atropine.

A final diagnosis of mild to moderate acute organophosphate pesticide poisoning is rarely justified unless all of the following five conditions are present: 1. A definite history of exposure to an organophosphate pesticide. 2. A latent interval of not more than a few hours between that last exposure and the onset of illness. 3. A clinical picture in which most or all of the following signs or symptoms are present: headache, blurred vision, weakness, tightness in chest, and constricted pupils. 4. Reduction of plasma and RBC cholinesterase activity to a level substantially below 50% of baseline values. Because of the wide normal range of RBC cholinesterase in the population, symptoms may be present with reported "normal" levels. 5. An acute illness that is not substantially longer than 48 hours. The classic presentation for acute organophosphate toxicity includes history, evidence of exposure to organophosphate (garlic odor), signs/symptoms of cholinergic excess, improvement with atropine or pralidoxime, and inhibition of cholinesterase in blood. /Organophosphate pesticide poisoning/

... Surveillance of workers could be carried out through measurement of blood or urinary levels of the cmpd to which they are exposed, or through measurement of a metabolite. /Organic phosphorus pesticides/

LD50 ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS (MALLARD) ORAL 4.63 MG/KG (95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT 3.57-6.00 MG/KG), 5-7 MO OLD FEMALES

LD50 PHASIANUS COLCHICUS (PHEASANT) ORAL 1.37 MG/KG (95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT 0.951-1.98 MG/KG), 3-4 MO OLD MALES

LD50 TYMPANUCHUS PHASIANELLUS (SHARP TAILED GROUSE) ORAL 1.34 MG/KG (95% CONFIDENCE LIMIT 0.695-2.57 MG/KG), ADULT MALES

LC50 SALMO GAIRDNERI 0.00006 ML/L/48 HR

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (25 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to birds and bees. This substance does enter the environment under normal use. Great care, however, should be taken to avoid any additional release, for example through inappropriate disposal.

Mevinphos will be released to the environment as a result of its use as a systemic and contact insecticide for the control of sap-feeding insects, mites, beetles and caterpillars on certain vegetables and fruit. It may also be released during its production, transport, formulation, and disposal. If released in soil, mevinphos may leach, especially in sand soils. As the clay content of the soil increases, adsorption to soil will increase. The half-life of mevinphos in soil ranges from about 3 days to 13 days. The degradation appears to be microbially-mediated. If released in water, mevinphos would hydrolyze, especially in alkaline waters. At ambient temperatures, its hydrolysis half-lives 120, 35, and 3 days at pH 6, 7, and 9, respectively. It may adsorb to sediment with a high clay content. Mevinphos would not be expected to volatilize or bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms. If mevinphos is released into the atmosphere as an aerosol during spraying, it will be removed by gravitational settling. Vapor phase mevinphos will react with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals resulting in an estimated atmospheric half-life of 4.5 hr. At night or when pollution levels are high, reaction with ozone will also contribute to mevinphos' degradation in air. Exposure to mevinphos would be primarily occupational, especially by inhalation of aerosols or by dermal contact during application. Dermal contact with mevinphos also will occur by touching treated plants and soil before the insecticide is dissipated. The general population may be exposed to mevinphos in food. (SRC)

Mevinphos will be released to the environment as a result of its use as a systemic and contact insecticide for the control of sap-feeding insects, mites, beetles and caterpillars on certain vegetables and fruit(1,2) for which 1,277,000 and 757,000 lbs were used in agriculture in the U.S. in 1982 and 1989, respectively(3). It may also be released during its production, transport, formulation, and disposal.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released in soil, mevinphos may leach, especially in sand soils. As the clay content of the soil increases, adsorption may increase, especially when the organic content of the soil is not low. According to the Pesticides Property Database and another investigator, the field half-life of mevinphos is 3 days(2,3). In experiments in which mevinphos (10, 100, and 1000 ppm) was applied to a silty clay soil (0.5% OC, pH 5.5) and a sandy clay soil (0.6% OC, pH 6.9) at field capacity moisture and incubated at room temperature, the rate of decay was essentially first order with average rate constants of 0.0526/day in the acid soil and 0.05503/day in the neutral soil. The half-life of mevinphos was 13 days in both soils at all concn levels(1). No mevinphos was detectible in a calcareous-argillaceous (1.48% organic matter, pH 8.0) soil 8 days after application(5). In lab experiments performed with five Sacramento Delta soils, mevinphos disappeared from clay and muck soils within 48 hr and in peat soil within 10 hr(4). In peat/sand soil and sand, 16 and 12% of the initial residues remained at the end of the experiment (144 hr). In all cases, degradation was initially greater in the natural soils than autoclaved soils.

AQUATIC FATE: If released in water, mevinphos would slowly hydrolyze, especially in alkaline waters. At ambient temperatures, its half-lives are 120, 35, and 3 days at pH 6, 7, and 9, respectively(1). It would not be expected to volatilize or adsorb to sediment(SRC). The rate of loss of mevinphos in a model evaporation pond, pH 8.2 at 22 degC, was determined to be 0.0016/hr (half-life 18 days) by daily sampling over a seven day period(2). EPA's EXAMs model predicts that after 42 days, when 97% of the pesticide has been dissipated, 99.7% of the loss would be due to hydrolysis and 0.1% to volatilization(2).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: If mevinphos is released into the atmosphere as an aerosol during spraying, it will be removed by gravitational settling. Vapor-phase mevinphos will react with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals resulting in an estimated atmospheric half-life of 4.5 hr(1). At night or when pollution levels are high, reaction with ozone will also contribute to mevinphos' degradation in air.

In laboratory studies in Chehalis clay loam, 95% of the applied mevinphos degraded in 1 day(1). An enzyme was found to be responsible for the degradation which was heat labile(1). Another investigator, who did hydrolysis studies of mevinphos in water, reported that mevinphos degradation in soil was generally rapid with a half-life of 2-12 hr(2). This degradation rate, which is much more rapid than the rate of hydrolysis in water at pH 9(2), is consistent with a microbially-mediated process(SRC).

The persistence of mevinphos was studied in natural water (pH 7.7), distilled water, sterilized natural water, and sterilized distilled water(1). Degradation was similar in all media indicating that chemical hydrolysis was the prime factor affecting degradation. Mevinphos' half-life in water was 2 weeks; complete degradation occurred in 12 weeks(1). The rate of hydrolysis of mevinphos is a function of pH with the half-life ranging from 24 hr at pH 11 to >100 days at pH 3-5(1). At ambient temperatures, the hydrolytic half-lives are 120, 35, and 3 days at pH 6, 7, and 9, respectively(7). The cis isomer, which compromises about 60% of the pesticide, hydrolyzes faster than the trans isomer. The hydrolysis half-life of mevinphos at 70 degC in a 20:80 ethanol-pH 6 buffer solution is 3.7 hr for the cis isomer and 4.5 hr for the trans isomer(3). The hydrolysis half-life would be longer at lower temperatures and shorter in water, rather than the ethanol-water mixture(SRC). In the atmosphere, mevinphos will exist primarily as the vapor(6). There it will react with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals with an estimated rate constant of 85X10-12 cu cm/molecule-s(5). Assuming a hydroxyl radical concn of 5X10+5 radicals/cu cm, the half-life of mevinphos in the atmosphere would be 4.5 hr(SRC). Mevinphos will also react with ozone in the atmosphere with an estimated rate constant of 1.14X10-17 cu cm/molec-sec(5). Assuming an ozone concn of 7X10+11 mol/cu cm, the half-live for this reaction is 24.2 hr(SRC). Therefore the reaction with hydroxyl radicals will be the dominant factor affecting mevinphos's atmospheric fate, except at night or during episodes of very high ozone levels(SRC). The half-life of a thin film of mevinphos exposed to radiation >290 nm with maximum intensity at 300 nm at 33-36 degC was 23.8 hr(2).

Using an estimated log Kow of -0.24(1), one would estimate a BCF of 0.4 for mevinphos using a recommended regression equation(2). This would indicate that mevinphos would not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms. Bioaccumulation of mevinphos may be unlikely in some systems because it is metabolized in some animals(3).

... THE AMOUNT OF MEVINPHOS BOUND BY SOILS INCREASED WITH INCREASING ORGAINC CONTENT. ... SOIL MOISTURE HAS A MAJOR INFLUENCE ON THE AVAILABILITY AND EXTRACTABILITY OF RESIDUES OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES ... BECAUSE OF COMPETITION BETWEEN THE INSECTICIDES AND WATER FOR ADSORPTION SITES ON CLAY PARTICLES. ... MEVINPHOS /WHEN COMPARED TO OTHER ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES/ 1.4-FOLD MORE ACTIVE IN MOIST SOILS THAN IN DRY SOILS. HOWEVER, EVEN THOUGH THERE IS A MAJOR INTERACTION BETWEEN INSECTICIDES AND WATER, IT DOES NOT APPEAR TO MOVE FREELY IN SOILS WITH WATER, AND LOSS BY LEACHING DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE A MAJOR FACTOR. ...

The adsorption of phosdrin by graphite oxide was examined as a model for the interaction of the pesticide with humic substances in the soil. Adsorption was studied by the imbibition at room temperature, isothermic imbibition/desorption at 318 K in the absence of adsorbate vapor. X-ray defraction and IR spectroscopic studies of the graphite oxide samples revealed the formation of two interlayer complexes (monolayer and bilayer) and an interactionn of phosdrin with the graphite oxide by hydrogen bonds involving the oxygen atom of the phosphoryl group and the hydroxyl of the carbonated layer of the graphite oxide; there was also a greater affinity of the graphite oxide for the Z-isomer in the pseudo-cis conformation.

According to the Pesticides Property Database, the Koc for mevinphos is 44(2). The soil/water distribution constant (Kd) and Koc for mevinphos using Reiff sandy loam soil (1.6% OC) are 1.1(3) and 68(SRC), respectively. The Freundlich adsorption constant and exponent, 1/n, for mevinphos in organic soil (43.7% OC, pH 6.1) are 19 and 0.95, respectively(1, SRC), from which a Koc of 44 may be derived(SRC). Mevinphos was almost completely (98.4%) leached from Plainfield sand (0.40% OC, pH 7.0) with 200 ml of water, while 80.4% was leached from organic soil (43.7% OC, pH 6.1); and additional 9.4% was leached with a second 200 ml aliquot of water(1). Mevinphos forms a stable interlayer complex with montmorillonite; the interaction mechanism is primarily ion- dipole(4). The adsorption of mevinphos was determined in 20 soils, both natural and oxidized to destroy organic carbon, with a range of organic matter, clay type and content, and pH(4). The Freundlich K and exponent, 1/n, and soil-water distribution constant, Kd, varies between 0.01-55.81, 0.37-1.40, and 0.81- 29.07, respectively, with higher K values corresponding to higher 1/n values(4). The results of simple and multiple correlation analyses for the natural and oxidized soils indicate that the most important parameter in the adsorption of mevinphos by soil is the clay content of the soil(4). Adsorption is facilitated by clay-organic matter complexes(4). The clay content and organic matter accounted for 59% of the variability in adsorption(4). These results indicate that Koc is not a useful measure of mevinphos' adsorptivity to soil(SRC).

A simple environmental chamber was used to measure volatilization of mevinphos from model soil pit and evaporation pond disposal systems, and experimental results were compared to mathematical model predictions. Henry's law constants gave good estimates of their relative volatility, and absolute volatilization rates could be predicted from measured water loss rates or wind speed measurements. The EXAMS computer program gave good estimates of volatilization rates from water and water-soil systems.

The Henry's Law constant for mevinphos estimated from structure activity relationships is 3.9X10-9 atm-cu-m/mol(1). Chemicals with such low Henry's Law constants are nonvolatile from water(2). The volatilization rate of mevinphos from water in a dish placed in an environmental chamber with an average wind speed of 1 m/s was 3.6X10-5 1/hr (half-life 800 days)(3,SRC). The volatilization rate of mevinphos increased as soil was added to water, although it was very low in all cases(3). In one day 0.48% of mevinphos volatilized from a dish of saturated Reiff sandy loam soil (2.8% organic matter)(3). Volatilization of mevinphos from dry soil was lower than that for water, soil/water mixtures, or saturated soil(3). Mevinphos loss from glass beads in laboratory and field experiments ranged from 72-96% in 23 hr(4).

Mevinphos was not detected in any of the 665 wells sampled according to EPA's Pesticides in Ground Water Database(1). It was not detected (detection limit 5 ug/L) in any of the 29 California wells tested, primarily municipal supply systems for urban and residential use, in the early 1980s(2). In a survey of 91 farm wells in Ontario, Canada in 1984, mevinphos was found in only one well (detection limit 0.05 ug/L)(3). None of the 82 water samples collected in New York State in 1967 and analyzed for organophosphate pesticides contained mevinphos (detection limit 0.10 ppb)(4).

Spray plane tank rinse water contained 200 mg/L after the first rinse and 9.8 mg/L after the second rinse(1).

According to FDA's total diet studies for 1986-1991, <115 of 4914 items (<2%) analyzed contained mevinphos(1). The analogous results for 1991-1993 showed that <32 of 1566 items (<2%) contained mevinphos(2). Mevinphos was present in total diet samples in these studies(1,2). Mevinphos was found in 745 of 6391 domestic agricultural commodities and 99 of 12,044 imported agricultural commodities conducted by surveillance sampling between FY 1982 and FY 1986(3). The concns of mevinphos in the domestic agricultural commodities were (concn range in ppm, number of findings in range): <0.05, 283; 0.05-0.10, 127; 0.10- 0.50, 282; 0.50-1.0, 42; 1.0-2.0, 9; >2.0, 2(3). The concn of mevinphos in the imported agricultural commodities were (concn range in ppm, number of findings in range): <0.05, 25; 0.05-0.10, 20; 0.10-0.50, 44; 0.50-1.0, 9; 1.0-2.0, 0; >2.0, 1(3). State findings of mevinphos residues collected in the FOODCONTAM database reveal 153 positive samples out of 13,980 samples in FY88, of which 25 were above tolerance and 143 positive samples out of 13,085 samples in FY89 of which 20 were above tolerance(5). During a 32 month period ending in December 1991, Agriculture Canada, pesticide analysis of 13,230 samples of domestic and imported commodities resulted in 3 findings of mevinphos in domestic produce and 10 findings of mevinphos in imported produce(6). Mevinphos was found in beans, potatoes, strawberries, lettuce, onions, pears and spinach(6). In a screening study in Xalapa, a medium sized Mexican city, to determine which of several food items consumed without cooking contained pesticide residues, mevinphos was found in hot pepper and onion; it was absent from tomato, lettuce, carrot, cucumber, banana, papaw, pineapple, lemon and orange(4).

Mevinphos is metabolized by plants and has half-lives of 0.7 and 0.5 days on alfalfa and beans, respectively(1). Early field studies demonstrated that 90% of the applied mevinphos was lost in 0.8 to 4.2 days in a range of crops and that 99% of initial residues were lost in 3.9 days(2). Mean mevinphos losses from lettuce, kohlrabi, green beans, and summer wheat after field application ranged from 86- 99% in 24 hr; loss were ascribed to evaporation(3). A study conducted in Monterey County, CA to ascertain whether mevinphos dissipation on row crops was seasonally dependent and therefore might require a reevaluation of worker reentry intervals, found that the overall half-lives for June, 24 hr (SD = 10 hr), was not markedly different from that for October, 18 hr (SD = 8 hr)(4).

... Ingestion ...

Exposure to mevinphos would be primarily occupational, especially by inhalation of aerosols or by dermal contact during application(SRC). Dermal contact with mevinphos also will occur by touching treated plants and soil before the insecticide is dissipated. The general population may be exposed to mevinphos in their diet. (SRC)

Application as an insecticide on agricultural crops, fruits, and vegetables; for ornamentals in greenhouses; use as an insecticide in sewage treatment plants; formulation and mixing for insecticidal application; manufacture of phosdrin.

The concn of mevinphos in the air of a formulating plant and storage shed in South Florida, 1974 were not detectable and 1.3 ng/cu m, respectively(2). There were 9 cases of exposure to mevinphos in California in 1987 that was sufficient to cause injury, 5 systemic and 4 eye related(3). The activities in which these injuries were incurred and the workers exposed were (work activity, number exposed): flagger for aerial application, 1; manufacturing formulating plant, 1; mixer/loader in ground application, 3; mixer/loader in aerial application, 3; mixer/loader in unknown application, 1(3). After spraying, swabs were taken from the hands of workers tending plants for 5 hr/day and the amount of mevinphos residue on the workers hands analyzed as a function of time(1). From this study, it was determined that plants could be safely handled 3 days after spraying with mevinphos(1). The mevinphos concn in the breathing zone of workers in Finnish greenhouses using manual application methods varied from below the detection limit (0.04 ug/cu m) to 11.4 ug/cu m with a mean of 4.0 ug/cu m during application(4). Exposure seemed to depend on the application technique and if applied according to instructions, exposure was usually minor(4). During the first and second days after application, the mean level of mevinphos in the breathing zone of workers were 2.0 and 0.9 ug/cu m, respectively(4). Where automatic foggers were used and workers did not enter the greenhouse until 9-12 hr post- spray, the concn of mevinphos in the breathing zone was 3.6-9.8 ug/cu m(4). The concn of mevinphos on workers hands, as determined by handwash samples, ranged from 0 to 298.0 ug/hr immediately after application and from 0 to 13.2 ug/hr 17-22 hr after application(4). The high value was for a worker that used thin disposable PVC gloves. Including only workers that used thick PVC or nitrile rubber gloves, the maximum exposures were 7.5 and 1.2 ug/hr, respectively. Patch samples showed that workers were exposed to small amounts of mevinphos through their clothing even on the second day after spraying(4). The amount of mevinphos reaching the skin was reduced by 80% by wearing proper clothing. The exposure rate diminished rapidly in a semilogarithmic fashion as a function of time. Dermal exposure of workers correlated with the amount of mevinphos on the foliage.

Average daily intakes of mevinphos found in FDA's Total Diet Study for 8 age/sex groups (1986-1991) are (group, ug/kg body wt/day): 6-11 mo, 0.0048; 2 yr, 0.0078 ; 14-16 female, 0.0027 ; 14-16 male, 0.0020; 25-30 female, 0.0030; 25-30 male, 0.0019; 60-65 female, 0.0058; 60-65 male, 0.0052(1). The results of an analogous study conducted in 1982-1984 are (group, ug/kg body wt/day): 6-11 mo, 0.0071; 2 yr, 0.0121 ; 14-16 female, 0.0039 ; 14-16 male, 0.0029; 25-30 female, 0.0044; 25-30 male, 0.0024; 60-65 female, 0.0091; 60-65 male, 0.0083(2).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Contaminant removal from wastewater may be accomplished with air stripping.

Potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration, with a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of seconds. Also, a potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration, with a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C, and a residence time of seconds. Also, a potential candidate for liquid injection incineration with a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C, and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. /Parathion/

Manufacturers or formulators of very large amounts of pesticides may find it adv antageous to build incinerators adequate to destroy all organic pesticides and equipped with scrubbers to remove acid wastes. /Organic pesticides/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, poisonous; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, flammable, toxic; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, poisonous, flammable; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, toxic, flammable/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

NA 2783; Mevinphos, liquid

UN 3018; Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid, toxic, not otherwise specified

UN 3017; Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid, toxic, flammable, not otherwise specified, flashpoint between 23 °C and 61 °C

UN 2783; Organophosphorus pesticides, solid, toxic, not otherwise specified

For more Shipping Name/ Number DOT/UN/NA/IMO (Complete) data for MEVINPHOS (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

49 215 31; Mevinphos

49 216 74; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, not otherwise specified (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, NEC)

49 216 75; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, not otherwise specified (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, NEC, liquid)

49 105 44; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, not otherwise specified (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, NEC)

49 105 45; Organophosphorus pesticide, liquid, not otherwise specified (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, NEC, liquid)

49 216 76; Organophosphorus pesticide, solid, not otherwise specified (compounds and preparations) (insecticides, other than agricultural, NEC)

49 216 77; Organophosphorus pesticide, solid, not otherwise specified (compounds and preparations) (agricultural insecticides, NEC, other than liquid)

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Severe marine pollutant.

Symbol: T+, N; R: 27/28-50/53; S: (1/2)-23-28-36/37-45-60-61

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: I