bromine pentafluoride

H271: May cause fire or explosion; strong Oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]

H305: May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways [Warning Aspiration hazard]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P210, P220, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P283, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P306+P360, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P331, P363, P370+P378, P371+P380+P375, P403+P233, P405, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Wear protective gloves when administering first aid. Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Bromine pentafluoride:

Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: WATER FLUSH IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.

Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2024)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· Contaminated clothing may be a fire risk when dry.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Water flush immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 144 [Oxidizers (Water-Reactive)]:

DO NOT USE WATER OR FOAM.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, soda ash or lime.

LARGE FIRE: DRY sand, dry chemical, soda ash or lime or withdraw from area and let fire burn. Do not move cargo or vehicle if cargo has been exposed to heat. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. NO hydrous agents. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

If material involved in fire: Do not use water on material itself. Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame-consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile radius. If material leaking (not on fire) consider evacuation form downwind area based on amount of material spilled, location and weather conditions.

... Use appropriate extinguishing agents on nearby fires. Use dry chemical, dry sand, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.

/Bromine pentafluoride/ contacts with water causes a violent reaction or explosion, oxygen being evolved.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

Large Spill

· DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST.

HF Br2 - when spill Bromine pentafluoride into water.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 144 [Oxidizers (Water-Reactive)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1745 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

When spilled on land

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 100 m (300 ft)

Large spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 500 m (1500 ft)

When spilled in water

- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.3 km (0.2 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.9 km (0.6 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 3.0 km (1.9 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.9 km (0.5 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 2.7 km (1.7 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 5.7 km (3.6 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 10.8 km (6.7 mi)

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in vermiculite, earth, dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. NEVER direct water jet on liquid.

Isolate the area until the release is under full control. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors and protect personnel.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 144 [Oxidizers (Water-Reactive)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

LARGE SPILL: DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST. (ERG, 2024)

Separated from food and feedstuffs and all other substances. See Chemical Dangers. Dry. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Separate from acids, alkalies, halogens, salts, metals, organic matter. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Keep cylinders restrained ...

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

NR = Not recommended due to insufficient data. Absence of an AEGL-1 value does not imply that exposures below the AEGL-2 value are without adverse effects.

AEGLs Status: Final

0.015 [ppm]

0.17 [ppm]

33 [ppm]

0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m³)

TWA 0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m³)

0.1 ppm (0.7 mg/m³) [Construction and Maritime only]

none See Appendix G

1.7 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)

1.7 [ppm]

See: 2017-106

0.1 [ppm]

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.1 ppm

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

0.1 ppm as TWA

0.1 ppm [1979]

· DO NOT USE WATER OR FOAM.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, soda ash or lime.

Large Fire

· DRY sand, dry chemical, soda ash or lime or withdraw from area and let fire burn.

· Do not move cargo or vehicle if cargo has been exposed to heat.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation of the vapour may cause lung oedema. Exposure could cause death.

May cause fluorosis due to formation of hydrogen fluoride. Further see ICSC 0283.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Bromine pentafluoride:

Bromine pentafluoride appears as a colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Used to make other chemicals and in rockets. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Will accelerate the burning of combustible material. If the containers are involved in a fire they may rupture violently and rocket.

Colorless to pale-yellow, fuming liquid with a pungent odor; Note: A colorless gas above 105 degrees F. Shipped as a compressed gas; [NIOSH]

PALE YELLOW OR COLOURLESS FUMING LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.

Colorless to pale-yellow, fuming liquid with a pungent odor.

Colorless to pale-yellow, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. [Note: A colorless gas above 105 °F. Shipped as a compressed gas.]

Colorless fuming liquid

Pungent odor

106 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

40.76 °C

40.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-76 °F (USCG, 1999)

-60.5 °C

Reacts with water violently (NIOSH, 2024)

Produces an explosion on contact with water

Solubility in water: reaction

Reacts violently

2.48 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

2.4604 g/cu cm at 25 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 2.5

2.466 @25 °C

6.05 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 6.1

328 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024)

406.0 [mmHg]

406 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 44

328 mmHg

328 [mm Hg] @20 °C

30.6 kJ/mol at 297-314 deg K, 31.2 kJ/mol at 213-297 deg K

Index of refraction: 1.3529

Fumes in air. Thermostable up to 460 °C. Very reactive, usually with conflagration. Produces an explosion on contact with water. Does not attack quartz when dry.

An extremely vigorous fluorinating agent. Will react with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. Explodes or ignites on contact with hydrogen-containing materials (e.g. acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane cork, grease, paper, wax, chloromethane).

Reacts with every known element except inert gases, nitrogen, and oxygen

Explodes on contact with water. Products of this rapid reaction include HF and possibly Br2 ... is decomposed exothermically by water to hydrofluoric acid and other materials.

Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Oxidizers

Corrosives

Reactive agents - 3rd degree

Produces corrosive fumes in moist air. Reacts explosively upon contact with water. Very reactive, usually with conflagration [Merck, 11th ed. 1989]. Reaction with water is violent, oxygen being evolved, [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:172 1956]. Explodes on contact with water. Products of this rapid reaction include HF and possibly Br2 (Lewis 2000). HBr gas might also be produced upon reaction with water.

Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Hydrogen Fluoride (hydrofluoric acid) gas will be created in 1.2 minutes. Experimental details are in the following: "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Oxidizing Agents, Strong

Halogenating Agents

Strong Oxidizing Agent

Water-Reactive

Air-Reactive

BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE an oxidizing agent. Is decomposed exothermically by water to hydrofluoric acid and other materials. Reacts with these other hydrogen-containing substances (among others) vigorously enough to cause a fire or explosion: acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane, cork, grease paper, wax. Mixtures with acids, halogens, metal halides, metals, nonmetals, or metal oxides at ambient or slightly above ambient temperatures have resulted in violent reaction (nitric acid, sulfuric acid, chlorine, iodine, ammonium chloride, potassium iodide, boron powder, selenium, tellurium, aluminum powder, bismuth, cobalt powder, iron powder, arsenic, nickel powder, chromium trioxide, charcoal, red phosphorus, sulfur dioxide, magnesium oxide. Solutions of acetonitrile and 9% bromine pentafluoride have been found to decompose violently at ambient temperatures. Mixtures of perchloryl perchlorate and bromine pentafluoride form shock sensitive explosives. [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 640].

Acids, halogens, arsenic, selenium, sulfur, glass, organic materials, water [Note: Reacts with all elements except inert gases, nitrogen and oxygen.]

Although soln of bromine pentafluoride in acetonitrile were reported stable at ambient temp, it has been found that a 9% soln in the anhydrous solvent prepared at -196 °C decomp violently, bursting the container, about 1 hr after attaining ambient temp.

Contact /of bromine pentafluoride/ with the following at ambient or slightly elevated temp is violent, ignition often occurring: strong nitric acid or sulfuric acids; chlorine (explodes on heating), iodine; ammonium chloride, potassium iodide; antimony, arsenic, boron powder, selenium, tellurium; aluminium powder, barium, bismuth, cobalt powder, chromium, iridium powder, iron powder, lithium powder, manganese, molybdenum, nickel powder, rhodium powder, tungsten, zinc; charcoal, red phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic pentoxide, boron trioxide, calcium oxide, carbon monoxide, chromium trioxide, iodine pentoxide, magnesium oxide, molybdenum trioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, sulfur dioxide or tungsten trioxide.

Contact /of bromine pentafluoride/ with the following materials, containing combined hydrogen, is likely to cause fire or explosion: acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane; cork, grease, paper, wax, etc. The carbon content further contributes to the observed reactivity. Chloromethane react with explosive violence.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Acids, halogens, arsenic, selenium, sulfur, glass, organic materials, water [Note: Reacts with all elements except inert gases, nitrogen & oxygen.]

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Bromine pentafluoride (BrF5) is a liquid with a sharp penetrating odor. BrF5 is predominantly used as a fluorinating agent to produce fluorocarbons and as an oxidizer in rocket propellant systems. Metal chlorides, bromides, and iodides are converted to fluorides by treatment with BrF5. Uranium is converted to uranium hexafluoride by strong oxidizing agents, including BrF5. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Acute exposure to BrF5 can cause redness and tearing of the eyes, coughing, breathing difficulty, and a burning sensation of the eyes, nose, and throat. Direct contact of this substance with the eyes or skin can cause severe thermal and chemical burns and tissue destruction. The acute effect of this substance on the lung is similar to that of phosgene. Individuals with asthma may respond to exposure to respiratory irritants with increased bronchial responsiveness. The elderly and those who are ill may also have increased susceptibility to the effects of irritants. Individuals under stress, such as those involved in emergency situations and individuals engaged in physical activity, will experience greater deposition and pulmonary irritation than individuals at rest. Furthermore, individuals who breathe through their mouths would be at greater risk. ANIMAL STUDIES: BrF5 has been shown to be acutely toxic in animals. Animals exposed to bromine pentafluoride vapor at 500 ppm exhibited immediate symptoms of gasping, swollen eyelids, clouded corneas, tearing, salivation, and acute distress; these symptoms appeared after exposure for a period as short as three minutes. Exposures to 50 ppm were fatal after 30 minutes, and chronic exposures above 3 ppm resulted in severe nephrosis (in some animals), as well as marked hepatosis and severe respiratory involvement.

Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Oral (L626) ; inhalation (L626) ; dermal (L626)

Burning sensation. Cough. Shortness of breath. Sore throat. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns. Blisters.

Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Severe deep burns.

Abdominal pain. Burning sensation. Shock or collapse.

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; corneal necrosis; skin burns; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), pulmonary edema; liver, kidney injury

Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. (L626, L627)

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water.

INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice.

SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention.

INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

Keep unconscious victims warm and on their sides to avoid choking if vomiting occurs. Immediately initiate the following emergency procedures, continuing them as appropriate en route to the emergency medical facility. 1. Eye Exposure: Tissue destruction and blindness may result from exposure to concentrated solutions, vapors, mists or aerosols of bromine pentafluoride! Immediately but gently flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 min, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. 2. Skin exposure: Severe burns, skin corrosion, and absorption of toxic amounts may result! Immediately remove all contaminated clothing! Immediately and gently wash skin for at least 15 min. Use soap and water if skin is intact; use only water if skin is not intact. 3. Inhalation exposure: If vapors, mists, or aerosols of bromine pentafluoride are inhaled, move the victim to fresh air immediately. If the victim is not breathing, clean any chemical contamination from the victim's lips and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation; if breathing is difficult, give oxygen. 4. Ingestion exposure: Take the following steps if several pentafluoride or a solution containing it is ingested: Do not induce vomiting. Have the victim rinse the contaminated mouth cavity several times with a fluid such as water. Immediately after rinsing, have the victim drink one cup (8 ox) of fluid and no more. Do not permit the victim to drink milk or carbonated beverages! Do not permit the victim to drink any fluid if more than 60 min have passed since initial ingestion.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Bromine, methyl bromide, and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Bromine, methyl bromide, and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Bromine, methyl bromide, and related compounds/

Preplacement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job with a potential for exposure to bromine pentafluoride, a licensed health care professional should evaluate and document the worker's baseline heath status with thorough medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical examination, and physiologic and laboratory tests appropriate for the anticipated occupational risks. These should concentrate on the function and integrity of the liver, kidneys, and lungs.

Periodic medical examinations and biological monitoring: Occupational health interviews and physical examinations should be performed at regular intervals ... Additional examinations may be necessary if a worker develops symptoms attributable to bromine pentafluoride exposure. The interviews, examinations, and medical screening tests should focus on identifying the adverse effects of bromine pentafluoride on the liver, kidneys, and lungs... No biological monitoring test acceptable for routine use has yet been developed for bromine pentafluoride.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acute exposure to bromine pentafluoride can cause redness and tearing of the eyes, coughing, breathing difficulty, and a burning sensation of the eyes, nose, and throat. Direct contact of this substance with the eyes or skin can cause severe thermal and chemical burns and tissue destruction.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Skin or eye contact with vapor or liquid bromine pentafluoride causes painful, deep-seated, long-lasting burns. ...

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ ...use of BrF5 and BrF3 in the synthesis of uranium hexafluoride suggests the possibility of coexposure to bromine and uranium fluorides in the context of accidental releases. As HF is a hydrolysis product of both the bromine fluorides and uranium hexafluoride, coexposure to these compounds might lead to greater toxicity due to higher levels of the reaction product HF.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Bromine pentafluoride has been shown to be acutely toxic in animals. Animals exposed to bromine pentafluoride vapor at 500 ppm exhibited immediate symptoms of gasping, swollen eyelids, clouded corneas, tearing, salivation, and acute distress; these symptoms appeared after exposure for a period as short as three minutes. Exposures to 50 ppm were fatal after 30 minutes, and chronic exposures above 3 ppm resulted in severe nephrosis (in some animals), as well as marked hepatosis and severe respiratory involvement.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ For BrF5 ...reported a 1-hr 95% lethal concentration of 500 ppm in male Sprague-Dawley rats. When the exposure duration was reduced to 30 min, none of the rats died; however, the observation period after exposure was for only 20 hr before the rats were killed.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ /Investigators/ exposed groups of 10-14 male Sprague-Dawley rats to BrF5 at 500 or 1,000 ppm for various durations. All 10 rats survived a 40-min exposure at 500 ppm, but 11 of 14 rats exposed at 500 ppm for 50 min died. All 10 rats survived a 20-min exposure at 1,000 ppm, but all 12 rats exposed at 25 min died. Rats were observed for several days following exposure. All rats survived additional exposures to BrF5 at 500 ppm for durations shorter than 40 min, and all rats survived additional exposures to 1,000 ppm for durations shorter than 20 min (data not provided). Exposed rats exhibited corrosive damage to the lungs, corneal and conjunctival damage, yellow and sticky fur, and necrotic damage to unprotected areas of the skin; however, the concentrations and exposure durations associated with those effects were not reported.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ At autopsy, animals chronically exposed to bromine pentafluoride at concentrations above 3 ppm showed toxic hepatosis and severe nephrosis, as well as severe respiratory involvement.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Individuals with asthma may respond to exposure to respiratory irritants with increased bronchial responsiveness. The elderly and those who are ill may also have increased susceptibility to the effects of irritants. Individuals under stress, such as those involved in emergency situations and individuals engaged in physical activity, will experience greater deposition and pulmonary irritation than individuals at rest. Furthermore, individuals who breathe through their mouths would be at greater risk.

Bromine pentafluoride's production and use as a fluorinating agent in uranium processing and as the oxidizer component of some rocket propellants may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 406 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates bromine pentafluoride will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Bromine pentafluoride is a relatively heavy vapor with a vapor density 6.05 times that of air. Therefore, if released in the atmosphere, it may tend to remain close to the ground and be transported to soil by wet deposition. Bromine pentafluoride decomposes on contact with water, sometimes explosively, to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials. It fumes in air, reacts with steam, and decomposes on contact with hydrogen-containing materials. Therefore, decomposition is expected to be the only environmental fate process. Occupational exposure to bromine pentafluoride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bromine pentafluoride is produced or used. (SRC)

Bromine pentafluoride's production and use as a fluorinating agent in uranium processing and as the oxidizer component of some rocket propellants(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water(1) and hydrogen-containing materials(2).

AQUATIC FATE: Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bromine pentafluoride, which has a vapor pressure of 406 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Bromine pentafluoride is a relatively heavy vapor with a vapor density 6.05 times that of air(3). Bromine pentafluoride explodes and decomposes on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(4). It fumes in air(5), reacts with steam, and decomposes on contact with hydrogen-containing materials(3).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). It also explodes or ignites on contact with hydrogen-containing materials (e.g. acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane cork, grease, paper, wax)(2).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). Therefore, bioconcentration in fish is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

Bromine pentafluoride's production and use as a fluorinating agent in uranium processing and as the oxidizer component of some rocket propellants may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 406 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates bromine pentafluoride will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Bromine pentafluoride is a relatively heavy vapor with a vapor density 6.05 times that of air. Therefore, if released in the atmosphere, it may tend to remain close to the ground and be transported to soil by wet deposition. Bromine pentafluoride decomposes on contact with water, sometimes explosively, to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials. It fumes in air, reacts with steam, and decomposes on contact with hydrogen-containing materials. Therefore, decomposition is expected to be the only environmental fate process. Occupational exposure to bromine pentafluoride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bromine pentafluoride is produced or used. (SRC)

Bromine pentafluoride's production and use as a fluorinating agent in uranium processing and as the oxidizer component of some rocket propellants(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water(1) and hydrogen-containing materials(2).

AQUATIC FATE: Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bromine pentafluoride, which has a vapor pressure of 406 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Bromine pentafluoride is a relatively heavy vapor with a vapor density 6.05 times that of air(3). Bromine pentafluoride explodes and decomposes on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(4). It fumes in air(5), reacts with steam, and decomposes on contact with hydrogen-containing materials(3).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). It also explodes or ignites on contact with hydrogen-containing materials (e.g. acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane cork, grease, paper, wax)(2).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). Therefore, bioconcentration in fish is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water(1). It also explodes or ignites on contact with hydrogen-containing materials (e.g. acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ethanol, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane cork, grease, paper, wax)(2).

Bromine pentafluoride decomposes, sometimes explosively, on contact with water to yield hydrofluoric acid and other materials(1). Therefore, volatilization from water is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC).

Occupational exposure to bromine pentafluoride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bromine pentafluoride is produced or used. (SRC)

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Bromine pentafluoride (when spilled on land) ID: 1745 [Table#7139]

Table: Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Bromine pentafluoride (when spilled in water) ID: 1745 [Table#7140]

Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases.

Table: Materials Which Produce Large Amounts of Toxic-by-Inhalation (TIH) Gas(es) When Spilled in Water [Table#7141]

/GUIDE 144 OXIDIZERS (Water-Reactive)/ Fire or Explosion: May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). React vigorously and/or explosively with water. Produce toxic and/or corrosive substances on contact with water. Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in tanks and hopper cars. Some may produce flammable hydrogen gas upon contact with metals. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1745; Bromine pentafluoride

IMO 5.1; Bromine pentafluoride

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials. Bromine pentafluoride is included on the dangerous goods list.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article. Bromine pentafluoride is included on the dangerous goods list.

Oxidizer Poison Inhalation Hazard Corrosive

Airtight. Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs.

UN Hazard Class: 5.1; UN Subsidiary Risks: 6.1 and 8; UN Pack Group: I