Sulfuryl chloride

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P319, P321, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (38%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330 (40.6%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (100%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 466 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.

Call a doctor.

INHALATION: remove to fresh air; administer artificial respiration if required.

INGESTION: give water or milk; do NOT induce vomiting.

EYES: flush with water for at least 15 min.

SKIN: wash with large amounts of water. (USCG, 1999)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

· Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

LARGE FIRE: Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply, responders should withdraw.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not get water inside containers. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. NO water. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.

Extinguish fire using agent suitable for surrounding fire. Do not use water if the sulfuryl chloride has been released.

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

Corrosive. Water reactive.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container.

· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

Small Spill

· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

HCl - when spill Sulfuryl chloride into water.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1834 datasheet.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

When spilled in water

Small spill:

- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)

Large spill:

When spilled on land

- ISOLATE in all directions: 60 m (200 ft)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.3 km (0.2 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 1.1 km (0.7 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.2 km (0.1 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.4 km (0.3 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.8 km (0.5 mi)

- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 1.5 km (0.9 mi)

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Approach release from upwind. Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Wear nitrile rubber gloves, laboratory coat, eye protection and, if necessary, a self-contained breathing apparatus. Cover the spill with a 1:1:1 mixture by weight of sodium carbonate or calcium carbonate, clay cat litter (bentonite) and sand. When the sulfuryl chloride has been absorbed, scoop the mixture into a plastic pail of cold water. Allow to stand for 24 hr. Test the pH of the solution and neutralize if necessary with sodium carbonate. Decant the solution to the drain flushing with 50 times its volume of water. Treat the solid residue as normal refuse.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024)

Separated from strong bases. Dry.

With caution, dilute alkali can be used to store sulfuryl chloride but some corrosion may occur; lead, nickel, glass, Teflon, 310 stainless steel, or baked phenolics (tested for this service) are preferred.

Storage and transport: In the United States sulfuryl chloride is classed as a material poisonous by inhalation, Zone A. Special regulations apply for packing, labeling, and transport. Transport classification: IMDG Code: Class 8. UN Code: 1834. Packing group: I. RID/ADR: Class 8, no 21 a. ADNR: Class 8, no 11 a. ICAP-TI/IATA-DGR: Prohibited.

It is important to prevent exposure to atmospheric moisture and vent hydrogen chloride pressure that builds up. Sulfuryl chloride should also be protected form prolonged exposure to strong light.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Separate from acids, alkalies, alcohols, amines, peroxides, metals, and water.

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

AEGL 1: Notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 2: Irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape (Unit: ppm)

AEGL 3: Life-threatening health effects or death (Unit: ppm)

NR = Not recommended due to insufficient data

AEGLs Status: Final

0.30 [ppm]

3.7 [ppm]

11 [ppm]

· When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

Large Fire

· Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply, responders should withdraw.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not get water inside containers.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

ERPG-1: 0.3 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 1 = mild transient health effects or objectionable odor [AIHA]

ERPG-2: 3 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 2 = impaired ability to take protective action [AIHA]

ERPG-3: 15 ppm - one hour exposure limit: 3 = life threatening health effects [AIHA]

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation of the vapour may cause lung oedema. The substance may cause effects on the respiratory tract. Exposure could cause death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Chemical goggles and face shield; mask with acid-type canister; rubber gloves and boots. (USCG, 1999)

It should be handled under max degree of enclosure & workers should be provided with personal protective equipment & respiratory protective equipment. /Sulfur chloride/

Wear special protective clothing and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.

Personnel protection: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles.

AVOID ALL CONTACT! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Sulfuryl chloride appears as a colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals and tissue.

Colorless to yellow liquid with a pungent odor; [ICSC]

COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR. TURNS YELLOW ON EXPOSURE TO AIR OR LIGHT.

Colorless, mobile liquid

Very pungent odor

156.4 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

69.1 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-54.1 °C

Miscible with benzene, toluene, ether, glacial acetic acid, and other org solvents

Solubility in water: reaction

1.67 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.6674 at 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.67

1.6674 @25 °C

4.6 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 4.65

140.0 [mmHg]

Vapor pressure = 100 mm Hg at 17.8 °C

Vapor pressures. [Table#2248]

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 14.8

100 [mm Hg] @17.8 °C

TURNS YELLOW UPON PROLONGED STANDING BECAUSE OF SLIGHT DISSOCIATION INTO SULFUR DIOXIDE AND CHLORINE

Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides/.

... if involved in a fire /sulfuryl chloride/ decomposes to produce chlorine, hydrogen chloride, oxides of sulfur, and other irritants.

0.918 mPa-s at 0 °C; 0.595 mPa-s at 37.8 °C

27.95 kJ/mol

35.26 mN at 23.5 °C

Index of refraction: 1.4437 at 20 degC/D

Dipole moment: 1.86 debyes; Trouton constant: 20.7

With ice cold water it forms hydrate, SO2Cl2.15H2O, resembling camphor in appearance

CONVERSION FACTORS: 1 MG/CU M= 0.2 PPM, 1 PPM= 5.5 MG/CU M @ 25 °C, 760 MM HG

Critical pressure at 25 °C: 134 J/(mol.K) (liquid); 77 J/(mol.K) (gas)

For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for SULFURYL CHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Schoenflies notation

Acentric factor

Boiling point

Chemical bond

Chemical shift

Corrosion

Fumes in air. Reacts with moist air to give strongly acidic mists that are heavier than air. Decomposes slowly in water to give hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid [Handling Chemicals Safely p. 881 1980].

Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Hydrogen Chloride gas will be created in 8.7 minutes. Experimental details are in the following: "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates

Water-Reactive

Air-Reactive

SULFURYL CHLORIDE reacts exothermically with water. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines. Reacts violently with bases. Attacks many metals. Can react explosively with lead dioxide [Mellor 10:676 1946-47]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

Sulfuryl chloride reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. ...

Reaction with alkalies may be explosively violent.

In absence of diluent or other effective control of reaction rate, the /dimethyl/ sulfoxide reacts violently or explosively with ... sulfuryl chloride ... /This/ violent reaction is explained in terms of exothermic polymerization of formaldehyde produced under a variety of conditions by interaction of the sulfoxide with reactive halides, acidic or basic reagents.

Interaction /of dinitrogen pentaoxide and sulfuryl chloride/ is explosively violent.

For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for SULFURYL CHLORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The acute toxicity of sulfuryl chloride following inhalation is high. In male Sprague-Dawley rats with head-only exposure to vapor a 4 h-LC50 of 878 mg/m3 was calculated. Clinical signs included nasal discharge and eye irritation. In humans, pulmonary edema of delayed onset has been reported after inhalation of sulfuryl chloride vapor. Sulfuryl chloride hydrolyzes slowly in moist air and reacts violently with water, forming chlorosulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. Due to this hydrolytic reaction, sulfuryl chloride is corrosive to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Studies with sulfuryl chloride concerning sensitizing properties are not available. The hydrolysis products sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid gave no indication for a sensitizing potential in humans and experimental animals. From a 14-day inhalation study with sulfuryl chloride in rats, a NOAEC could not be derived, since pneumonitis was still observed at the lowest exposure level of 17 mg/m3. The reported effects are in line with all other evidence regarding the chemical and biological properties, i.e. corrosivity of sulfuryl chloride and its hydrolysis products hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and chlorosulfonic acid. Studies performed with sulfuric acid gave LOAECs in the range of 0.3 mg/m3, the LOAEC found in a 90-day study with hydrochloric acid was 15 mg/m3. All findings were confined to the site of first contact and can be explained by the irritating/corrosive properties of the acid. Sulfuryl chloride as well as the hydrolysis products hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and chlorosulfonic acid are all classified as corrosive and hydrochloric acid and chlorosulfonic acid are classified as irritant to the respiratory tract. No primary systemic effects were reported. Sulfuryl chloride did not show mutagenic activity in Ames tests with Salmonella typhimurium. A slight mutagenic activity was observed in only one tester strain without metabolic activation. However, this result was found to be not reproducible in further tests. As sulfuryl chloride decomposes to acids, the resulting change in pH may induce genotoxic effects such as chromosomal aberrations and other DNA damage in vitro and in vivo at the portal-ofentry. No carcinogenicity studies with sulfuryl chloride were identified. The hydrolysis products hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid gave no clear indications for an increased tumor incidence after life-time exposure in laboratory animals. Studies with sulfuryl chloride concerning effects on fertility and development were not available and there were also no data on fertility effects for the hydrolysis products sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. Concerning developmental toxicity, the hydrolysis product sulfuric acid gave no indication for adverse effects in mice and rabbits after exposure via inhalation. Because sulfuryl chloride is a toxicant acting at the portal-of-entry, and because it is unlikely to reach the reproductive organs or the embryo/fetus, toxicity to reproduction or developmental toxicity in mammals are not likely to occur following exposure to sulfuryl chloride by any route. In humans, several epidemiological studies have suggested a relationship between exposure to strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid and an increased incidence of laryngeal cancer. IARC (1992) has concluded that occupational exposure to strong-inorganic-acid mists containing sulfuric acid is carcinogenic to humans" (Group 1). Concerns have been raised that confounding factors could not be fully excluded. The effects might be a secondary finding to be expected after prolonged exposure to strong acid due to the cytotoxicity and consequent stimulus to increased cell proliferation.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

Burning sensation. Cough. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Sore throat. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Skin burns. Pain. Blisters.

Redness. Pain. Loss of vision. Severe deep burns.

Abdominal pain. Burning sensation. Shock or collapse. See Inhalation.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LC50 (rat) = 159 ppm/4hr

LC50 Rat, female, inhalation (1 hr) = 242 ppm (1330 mg/cu m)

LC50 Rat, male, inhalation (1 hr) = 131 ppm (720 mg/cu m)

LD50 Rat, male, Sprague-Dawley, inhalation (4 hr) = 878 mg/cu m /(159 ppm)/ (sulfuryl chloride vapor, purity 100%)

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... Do not use emetics. Activated charcoal is not effective. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... /Inorganic acids and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's(LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... /Inorganic acids and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ /It is/ ... corrosive liquid which in contact with the body can cause burns; vapor is a respiratory irritant.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Corrosive. Causes severe eye and skin burns. May be harmful if absorbed through skin or inhaled. Symptoms of overexposure include burning, coughing, wheezing, headache, nausea, vomiting, respiratory inflammation, spasm, pulmonary edema, death.[Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 13 ed. Quincy, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 2002., p. 49-140]

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Vapors are corrosive to human skin & mucous membranes.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Corrosive: human. Liquid sulfuryl chloride as well as vapors of sulfuryl chloride are corrosive to skin and mucous membranes.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SULFURYL CHLORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The LC50 of sulfuryl chloride (approx 100% pure) in male Sprague-Dawley rats (10 animals/group) exposed to a single 4-hr inhalation (nose only) was found to be 159 ppm (equivalent to 878 mg/cu m). All exposed animals displayed red nasal and ocular discharge. The survivors showed body weight loss for 1 to 2 days after the exposure. No macroscopic findings were reported.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In male and female rats (10 animals/group), an LC50 value of 330 mg/cu m was calculated after a one-hour exposure to sulfuryl chloride (approx 100% pure). All test concentrations produced salivation and dyspnea, the severity of which was concentration-dependent. Locally, lacrimation and chemosis with erythema of the skin around the ears and nose were observed. Necropsy of the surviving and the deceased animals revealed hemorrhagic lungs. In the deceased animals, severe erythema in the gastrointestinal tract was seen in addition.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Sprague-Dawley rats were given 3, 10, or 30 ppm (about 16.4, 55, or 165 mg/cu m respectively) /sulfuryl chloride/ by inhalation for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 2 weeks. High concentration was reduced to 20 ppm (about 110 mg/cu m) after 2 exposures due to excessive weight loss and terminated after 8 exposures due to the death of 2 rats; immediately after exposure increase of RBC, hemoglobin level, lung to body weight ratio and fibrino-necrotic bronchopneumonia in the 10 and 20 (30) ppm groups; marked recovery from the lesions, normal weight gain 2 weeks after termination of exposure. In the 3 ppm group exacerbation of naturally occurring murine pneumonitis.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ /In a 14 day inhalation study/ with 10 male Sprague-Dawley rats per test group, rats were exposed 6 hours per day and 5 days per week to sulfuryl chloride (as vapor), /purity 100%, specially distilled batch/, at concentrations of 17, 55 or 166 mg/cu m. The highest concentration was reduced to 110 mg/cu m after 2 exposures due to excessive weight loss and was terminated after 8 exposures due to the death of 2 rats. Animals exhibited labored breathing, red discharge from nose, swollen nose and reduced body temperature. Body weight was reduced also at low and mid dose levels, but developed normally during recovery Immediately after exposure a concentration-dependent increase of red blood cells and hemoglobin levels, as well as of relative lung weights was observed in rats treated with 55 mg/cu m or more. Clinical chemistry showed increased blood urea nitrogen in all treated groups and increased levels of serum cholesterol in mid and high dose groups. Histopathologically these rats showed a fibrino-necrotic bronchopneumonia. Additionally, the rats of the high-dose group revealed a fibrino-purulent rhinitis and lymphoid atrophy in thymus. Marked recovery from these symptoms and return to normal weight gain was observed after the 2-week post exposure observation period. There was a decrease of monocytes in all treated groups at the end of the recovery period. In the low-dose group the only effect was an apparent exacerbation of naturally occurring murine pneumonitis.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SULFURYL CHLORIDE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Persons with pulmonary diseases

This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to water quality.

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 2,256 workers (657 of these are female) are potentially exposed to sulfuryl chloride in the US(1).

This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to water quality.

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 2,256 workers (657 of these are female) are potentially exposed to sulfuryl chloride in the US(1).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Wear nitrile rubber gloves, laboratory coat, eye protection and, if necessary, a self-contained breathing apparatus. Cover the spill with a 1:1:1 mixture by weight of sodium carbonate or calcium carbonate, clay cat litter (bentonite) and sand. When the sulfuryl chloride has been absorbed, scoop the mixture into a plastic pail of cold water. Allow to stand for 24 hr. Test the pH of the solution and neutralize if necessary with sodium carbonate. Decant the solution to the drain flushing with 50 times its volume of water. Treat the solid residue as normal refuse.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.

Table: Table of Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Sulfuryl chloride (when spilled on land) [Table#2245]

Table: Table of Isolation and Protective Action Distances for Sulfuryl chloride (when spilled in water) [Table#2246]

Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases

Table: Materials Which Produce Large Amounts of Toxic-by-Inhalation (TIH) Gas(es) When Spilled in Water [Table#2247]

/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Health: CORROSIVE and/or TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat which will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for SULFURYL CHLORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1834; Sulfuryl chloride

IMO 8.0; Sulfuryl chloride

49 302 60; Sulfuryl chloride

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Poison Inhalation Hazard Corrosive

Symbol: C; R: 14-34-37; S: (1/2)-26-45

UN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: I