tetraethyllead

H300+H310+H330 (48.1%): Fatal if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H310 (100%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H330 (100%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H360 (100%): May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

H373 (100%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H400 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 81 reports by companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P203, P210, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P203, P210, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

H360Df: May damage the unborn child; Suspected of damaging fertility [Danger Reproductive toxicity]

P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer immediately for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Warning: Effects may be delayed for hours to days. Caution is advised.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Tetraethyllead Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to tetraethyllead may be severe and include anxiety, irritability, insomnia, violent/frightening dreams, headache, disorientation, hyperexcitability, delusions, and hallucinations. Muscular weakness, ataxia, tremors, convulsions, cerebral edema, and coma may occur. A metallic taste may be noted. Sneezing, bronchitis, and pneumonia may be observed. Bradycardia (slow heart rate), hypotension (low blood pressure), hypothermia, and pallor may also occur. Gastrointestinal symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea. Tetraethyllead may irritate moist skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to tetraethyllead may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:

1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to tetraethyllead.

2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

4. RUSH to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:

1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to tetraethyllead.

3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.

4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.

5. Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water.

6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

7. RUSH to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:

1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.

2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.

3. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.

4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.

6. RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Soap wash immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Fire fighting should be done from an explosive-resistant location. Use water from unmanned monitors and hose-holders to keep fire-exposed containers cool. When stopping leak, use water spray to protect firefighters. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Water spray may be used because the material can be cooled below its flash point. (EPA, 1998)

Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Motor fuel anti-knock mixtures; Motor fuel anti-knock compounds/

Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, mist, and foam.

Poisonous gases including lead and carbon monoxide are produced in fire.

Vapors are heavier than thin air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 152 [Substances - Toxic (Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

REMOVAL OF TETRAETHYLLEAD FROM WASTEWATER WITH CELLULOSE ACETATE SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE FILTRATION IS DISCUSSED.

Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ /Motor fuel anti-knock mixtures; Motor fuel anti-knock compounds/

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Motor fuel anti-knock mixtures; Motor fuel anti-knock compounds/

Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. /Motor fuel anti-knock mixtures; Motor fuel anti-knock compounds/

... The cleaning of tanks which contain, or in the past have contained, leaded gasoline is a hazardous operation owing to the presence of flammable and toxic vapors in the tank. The sludge and scale removed from the tanks should also be regarded as hazardous due to the presence of toxic lead cmpd.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P110 or D008, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Controlled incineration with scrubbing for collection of lead oxides, which may be recycled. It is also possible to recover alkyl lead compounds from wastewaters as an alternative to disposal.

Chemical Treatability of Lead; Concentration Process: Biological Treatment; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Respirometer Study; Results of Study: Oxygen uptake inhibited.

Work clothing should be changed daily if it is possible that clothing is contaminated with liquids of > 0.1% content. Remove nonimpervious clothing immediately if wet or contaminated with liquids containing > 0.1%. Provide emergency showers and eyewash if liquids containing > 0.1% are involved.

Personnel should not be allowed to eat, smoke or keep unsealed food or beverages in the work area.

Continous sampling and analysis of the air in all areas of the plant ... should be carried out as a dependable indication of the quality of maintenance of such equipment.

Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL LEAD (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 152 [Substances - Toxic (Combustible)]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Store only in original container. Well closed. Separated from strong oxidants and acids. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

0.004 [mg/m3], as Pb[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

0.030 [mg/m3]

4.0 [mg/m3]

40 [mg/m3]

0.075 mg/m³

TWA 0.075 mg/m3 [skin]

0.07 [mg/m3], as Pb

40 mg Pb/m3 (NIOSH, 2024)

40.0 [mg/m3], as Pb

Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: Human data: It has been stated that 100 mg Pb/m3 for 1 hour may produce illness [Fleming 1963].

40 mg/cu m (as Pb)

40 mg/m³

40 mg/m3 (as Pb)

See: 78002

0.1 [mg/m3], as Pb

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.1 mg/cu m, skin. /As Pb/

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /As Pb/

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /As Pb/

0.1 mg/m

0.1 mg/m³ [1992]

0.004 mg/m

Chronic Inhalation: 0.05 mg/m3 (L134)

MAC USSR 0.005 mg/cu m, skin

Australia: 0.1 mg/cu m, as Pb, skin (substance under review) (1990); Federal Republic of Germany: 0.075 mg/cu m, as Pb, short-term level 0.15 mg/cu m, as Pb, 30 min, 4 times per shift, skin (1992); Sweden: 0.05 mg/cu m, as Pb, short-term value 0.2 mg/cu m, as Pb, 15 min, skin (1990); United Kingdom: 0.10 mg/cu m, as Pb (1991).

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. This may result in nervous disorders and unconsciousness. Exposure at high levels could cause death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

The substance may have effects on the central nervous system. This may result in mental and memory disturbances, nervous system impairment, peripheral nerve damage and cardiac disorders. May cause toxicity to human reproduction or development.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Tetraethyl lead (as Pb):

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT (>0.1%) - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. (>0.1%)

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED (>0.1%) - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. (>0.1%)

Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED (>0.1%) - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. (>0.1%)

Change: DAILY - Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.

Provide: QUICK DRENCH (>0.1%) - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (>0.1%) (NIOSH, 2024)

Wear appropriate clothing ... /and eye protection/ to prevent any possibility of contact with liquids of > 0.1% content.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. />0.1%/

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. (Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.) />0.1%/

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL LEAD (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Tetraethyl lead, liquid appears as a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. Flash point 163 °F. Density 14 lb / gal. Insoluble in water. Toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption.

Colorless liquid (unless dyed red, orange, or blue) with a pleasant, sweet odor. [Note: Main usage is in anti-knock additives for gasoline.] [NIOSH] Flammable, but not pyrophoric and does not react with water; [Sullivan, p. 979]

COLOURLESS VISCOUS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colorless liquid (unless dyed red, orange, or blue) with a pleasant, sweet odor.

Colorless liquid (unless dyed red, orange, or blue) with a pleasant, sweet odor. [Note: Main usage is in anti-knock additives for gasoline.]

Colorless, oily liquid

Colorless liquid (unless dyed red, orange, or blue).

Musty odor

Pleasant, sweet odor

392 °F at 760 mmHg Decomposes between 230 - 392 °F. (EPA, 1998)

About 200 °C, also stated as 227.7 °C with decomp

228 °F (Decomposes)

-202 °F (EPA, 1998)

133.41 K / -133.7 °C/

-136.8 °C

200 °F (EPA, 1998)

200 °F (closed cup); 185 °F (open cup)

200 °F (93 °C) (closed cup)

93 °C c.c.

less than 1 mg/mL at 70 °F (NTP, 1992)

Soluble in benzene, petroleum ether, gasoline; slightly soluble in alcohol

LIPID SOLUBLE

Soluble in all organic solvents; insoluble in dilute acids or alkalies

In water, 0.29 mg/L at 25 °C

Solubility in water: very poor

0.00002%

1.653 at 68 °F (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

1.653 at 20 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.7

1.65918 @25 °C

8.6 (EPA, 1998) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

8.6 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 8.6

0.2 mmHg at 68 °F (EPA, 1998)

0.26 [mmHg]

0.26 mm Hg at 20 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 0.027

0.2 mmHg

1 [mm Hg] @38.4 °C

log Kow = 4.15

Insoluble in water.

Organometallics

Strong Reducing Agent

TETRAETHYL LEAD decomposes under UV light. Reacts with fats; reacts violently with oxidizing agents, causing fire and explosion hazards. Attacks rubber [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 890].

Rust and some metals cause decomposition.

Strong oxidizers, sulfuryl chloride, rust, potassium permanganate [Note: Decomposes slowly at room temperature and more rapidly at higher temperatures].

Strong oxidizers, sulfuryl chloride, rust, potassium permanganate [Note: Decomposes slowly at room temperature and more rapidly at higher temperatures.]

Lead mimics other biologically important metals, such as zinc, calcium, and iron, competing as cofactors for many of their respective enzymatic reactions. For example, lead has been shown to competitively inhibit calcium's binding of calmodulin, interferring with neurotransmitter release. It exhibits similar competitive inhibition at the NMDA receptor and protein kinase C, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Lead also affects the nervous system by impairing regulation of dopamine synthesis and blocking evoked release of acetylcholine. However, it's main mechanism of action occurs by inhibiting delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, an enzyme vital in the biosynthesis of heme, which is a necesssary cofactor of hemoglobin. (T4, A20, A22, L136)

Tetraethyl lead

1 x 10 ^-7 mg/kg-day

There is limited evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of inorganic lead cmpd. There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of organic lead cmpd. There is sufficient evidence in exptl animals for the carcinogenicity of inorganic lead cmpd ... There is inadequate evidence in exptl animals for the carcinogenicity of organic lead cmpd. There is inadequate evidence in exptl animals for the carcinogenicity of tetraethyl lead ... Inorganic lead cmpd are probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). Organic lead cmpd are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3). The working group noted that organic lead cmpd are metabolized, at least in part, to ionic lead both in humans and animals. To the extent that ionic lead, generated from organic lead, is present in the body, it will be expected to exert the toxicities associated with inorganic lead.

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /As Pb/

Lead, lead compounds: Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen

Organic lead compounds are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3). To the extent that organic lead compounds are metabolized in part to ionic lead, they are expected to exert the toxicities associated with inorganic lead (Group 2A, probably carcinogenic to humans). (L135)

Lead is a neurotoxin and has been known to cause brain damage and reduced cognitive capacity, especially in children. Lead exposure can result in nephropathy, as well as blood disorders such as high blood pressure and anemia. Lead also exhibits reproductive toxicity and can results in miscarriages and reduced sperm production. (L21)

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Oral (L136) ; inhalation (L136); dermal (L136)

Headache. Dizziness. Weakness. Vomiting. Convulsions. Unconsciousness. Symptoms may be delayed.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Further see Inhalation.

Redness.

Headache. Dizziness. Weakness. Vomiting. Convulsions. Diarrhoea. Unconsciousness.

insomnia, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), anxiety; tremor, hyper-reflexia, spasticity; bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia, pallor, nausea, anorexia, weight loss; confusion, hallucinations, psychosis, mania, convulsions, coma; eye irritation

Symptions of chronic lead poisoning include reduced cognitive abilities, nausea, abdominal pain, irritability, insomnia, metal taste in the mouth, excess lethargy or hyperactivity, chest pain, headache and, in extreme cases, seizures, comas, and death. There are also associated gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, poor appetite, weight loss, which are common in acute poisoning. (A2, L21)

central nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidneys, eyes

Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.

Hemolytic anemia - Decreased hemoglobin or number of red blood cells.

Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.

ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.

IRIS Current

LC50 (rat) = 850 mg/m3/1H

LD50: 12.3 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (T14)

LD50: 14.4 mg/kg (Intravenous, Rat) (T14)

LD50: 15 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Rat) (T14)

LD50: 13 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Mouse) (T68)

LC50: 850 mg/m3 over 1 hour (Inhalation, Rat) (T14)

LD50 oral 250 mg/kg /SRP: estimated from 16 cases but considerably higher than animal data./

LD50 Rat oral 12.3 mg/kg

LD50 Rat oral 20 mg/kg /Purity 98.5% in 1% ethylchloride/

LD50 Rat oral 14.2 mg/kg /Purity 98.5%/

LD50 Rat oral 1.2 mg/kg

For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL LEAD (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Lead poisoning is usually treated with chelation therapy using DMSA, EDTA, or dimercaprol. (L21)

THE INCORPORATION OF LABEL FROM U(14)C-LABELED GLUCOSE IN GLUTAMIC ACID & GABA WAS AFFECTED BY TETRAETHYLLEAD IN A CHARACTERISTIC MANNER IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE BRAIN. GLUCOSE UPTAKE, HOWEVER, WAS NOT INFLUENCED. PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE REVERSED THE EFFECT OF TETRAETHYLLEAD ON THE INCORPORATION, ESPECIALLY IN THE CEREBELLUM & BRAINSTEM, BUT WITH LITTLE EFFECT IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Lead and related compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Administer activated charcoal ... . /Lead and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or is in severe respiratory distress. Moderate hyperventilation (20 respiration per minute) may be beneficial for increased intracranial pressure. Start IV administration of 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. For hypotension ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Lead and related compounds/

- Remove the patient from further exposure, send for medical assistance. - Remove and discard contaminated clothing. - Exposed eyes should be irrigated with copious amounts of water. - Wash skin with soap and copious amount of water. - Control convulsions with appropriate drug regimen. - In case of ingestion, unless vomiting is extensive, perform gastric lavage and administer a cathartic. If the patient is obtunded, convulsing, comatose, insert an oro- or a naso-gastric tube and lavage after endotracheal intubation. - Open and maintain at least one intravenous route. - Administer intravenous fluids. - Chelation is indicated only if blood levels are high. Penicillamine and calcium disodium edetate have been used and the increased urinary excretion of lead does not correspond with clinical improvement. - In case of encephalopathy, BAL and edetate calcium disodium are indicated. - In cases of inhalation of vapors and fumes, symptomatic and supportive treatment are indicated. Ensure patient's airway and ventilation. Supportive measures include oxygen and artificial respiration. /Organic lead/

Diagnosis depends on developing a history of exposure to organic lead compounds, followed by the onset of encephalopathy. Biochemical measurements are helpful but not diagnostic. Blood lead is usually not elevated in proportion to the degree of intoxication. Urine aminolevulinic acid and coproporphyrin excretion will show values close to normal with no correlation with the severity of intoxication. Erythrocyte protoporphyrin also remain within normal range.

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill, weight 5 g, length 7 (5-11) cm); Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 6.9-7.5, hardness 84.0-163 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 33.0-81.0 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen >5 mg/L; Concentration: 2000 ug/L for 24 hr

LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill, weight 5 g, length 7 (5-11) cm); Conditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 6.9-7.5, hardness 84.0-163 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 33.0-81.0 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen >5 mg/L; Concentration: 1400 ug/L for 48 hr

LC50 Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill) 0.2 mg/L/96 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/

LD50 Anas platyrhynchos (mallard duck), male, 3 to 4 months, oral 107 mg/kg (95% confidence limit, 44.5 to 258 mg/kg) /Commercially pure/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL LEAD (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ Signs of intoxication /in male Japanese quails or mallard ducks exposed orally to LD50 levels of commercially pure tetraethyllead/: Polydipsia, regurgitation, reluctance to leave the swimming pond (in mallards), shakiness, hypoactivity, wing drop, wings spread, ataxia, sitting, reluctance to move, fluffed feathers, ptosis, ataraxia, asthenia, mydriasis, tremors, and anorexia. Regurgitation in mallards occurred as soon as 7 min, other signs appeared as soon as 20 min, and mortalities usually occurred between 1 and 4 days after treatment. Remission took up to 8 days.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ In darkness tetraethyllead was not toxic to the algae even at extremely high concentrations. Depending on concentration, growth, mitosis, and cytokinesis of the cells were inhibited in illuminated cultures, resulting in formation of giant cells. Tetraethyllead was converted to highly toxic derivatives by light in presence or absence of living cells.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The toxicity of tetraethyl lead to denitrification of heterotrophic microorganisms existing in estuarine and marine sediment was evaluated by measuring adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) levels. A linear correlation existed between the reduction of ATP and the decline of denitrification rate after addition of organolead compounds.

/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ Complete defoliation /of Bougainvillea/ was seen after 60 hr /exposure to tetraethyl lead/ at 4.5 mg Pb/L.

For more Ecotoxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL LEAD (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

7.80e-03

1.20e-01

1.30e-03

1.00e+01

Volatile

2.43e+00

2.30e-02

3.50e-01

3.90e-03

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. Bioaccumulation of this chemical may occur along the food chain. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Tetraethyl lead's production and use as an anti-knock agent in fuels may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. The use of tetraalkyl lead additives in on-road automotive gasoline is no longer permitted in the United States; however tetraethyl lead is still used in leaded aviation gasoline. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 0.26 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates tetraethyl lead will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetraethyl lead will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.1 hours. Half-lives for the direct photolysis of vapor-phase tetraethyl lead exposed to bright sunlight at solar zenith angles of 40 and 75 deg are 2.3 and 9.0 hours, respectively. If released to soil, organic matter in the soil will influence tetraethyl lead's mobility because possibilities exist for inhibited mobility by sorption to soil organic matter and for enhanced mobility by the formation of soluble chelate complexes with soluble organic anions. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon a Henry's Law constant of 0.568 atm-cu m/mole. However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization. Tetraethyl lead is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Approximately 70 to 90% disappearance of C-14 labeled tetraethyl lead from both sterile and non-sterile soils was observed within 8 hours to 3 days indicating that abiotic processes were primarily responsible for the degradation of this substance; however, a more rapid initial rate of biodegradation in the non-sterile soils indicated that some biodegradation was taking place as well. If released into water, organic matter in the suspended solids and sediment may influence tetraethyl lead's mobility. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5.3 hours and 7.1 days, respectively. However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The volatilization half-life from a model pond is about 53 days when adsorption is considered. Measured BCF values ranging from 120 to 18,138 suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high to very high. Tetraethyl lead is expected to undergo hydrolysis based on half-lives of approximately 8 days in freshwater and 14 hours in seawater. Occupational exposure to tetraethyl lead may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tetraethyl lead is produced or used. The use of tetraalkyl lead additives in on-road automotive gasoline is no longer permitted in the United States; however tetraethyl lead is still used in leaded aviation gasoline. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to tetraethyl lead via inhalation of ambient air and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing tetraethyl lead, such as leaded gasoline. (SRC)

Release of tetraethyl lead by sediment samples possibly due to biological activity was observed but no indication of a large-scale natural source for tetraalkyl lead compounds was found(1).

Tetraethyl lead's production and use as an anti-knock agent in fuels(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). The use of tetraalkyl lead additives in on-road automotive gasoline is no longer permitted in the United States; however tetraethyl lead is still used in leaded aviation gasoline(2). Sludge accumulating in the bottom of gasoline storage tanks is an important source of tetraalkyl lead compounds in the environment during subesquent cleaning and disposal of these tanks(1).

Tetraethyl lead and tetramethyl lead decompose during combustion of leaded gasoline, and the lead is scavenged from the engine by halogenated fuel additives(1). Lead is emitted in the exhaust as particulate matter primarily in the form of lead halides(1). In the case of starting engines or the subsequent short period of driving "fat" fuel-air mixtures, the dissociation of the lead alkyls is incomplete, and as a result considerable quantities of gaseous lead alkyls are emitted into the atmosphere(2). However with warm engines, the gaseous lead emissions are negligible compared with the amount of emitted lead particles(2). Emissions to the atmosphere also occur through evaporative losses during the filling of leaded-gasoline tanks, accidental spillages, and releases during production(3,4).

The combustion products of fuels containing antiknock lead compounds (tetraethyl lead (TEL) or tetramethyl lead) are the largest source of atmospheric lead pollution. The organometallic TEL and TML decompose during combustion and the lead is scavenged from the engine by halogenated fuel additives. Lead is emitted in the exhaust as particulate matter primarily in the form of lead halides.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: FATE: Organic matter in the soil will influence tetraethyl lead's mobility because possibilities exist for inhibited mobility by sorption to soil organic matter and for enhanced mobility by the formation of soluble chelate complexes with soluble organic anions(1). Volatilization of tetraethyl lead from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 0.568 atm-cu m/mole(3). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). Tetraethyl lead is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.26 mm Hg(2). Approximately 70 to 90% disappearance of C-14 labeled tetraethyl lead from both sterile and non-sterile soils was observed within 8 hours to 3 days indicating that abiotic processes were primarily responsible for the degradation of this substance(4,5). However, a more rapid initial rate of biodegradation in the non-sterile soils indicated that some biodegradation was taking place as well(4,5).

TERESTRIAL FATE: Tetraethyl lead (in gasoline) at an initial concentration of approximately 600 ug/mL in Arredondo fine sand was degraded by 54% after 2 hours and 67% after 48 hours(1). Tetraethyl lead (in a gasoline-water microemulsion) was degraded from an initial concentration of 20 ug/mL to 2.5 ug/mL after 6 hours and 1 ug/L after 48 hours(1). The degradation of tetraethyl lead was considered to proceed through a dealkylation process forming triethyl lead(1).

AQUATIC FATE: Organic matter in the suspended solids and sediment may influence tetraethyl lead's mobility(1). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(2) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 0.568 atm-cu m/mole(3). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(2), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 5.3 hours and 7.1 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The volatilization half-life from a model pond is about 53 days when adsorption is considered(4). According to a classification scheme(5), BCF values ranging from 120 to 18,138(6,7) suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high to very high(SRC). Tetraethyl lead is expected to undergo hydrolysis based on reported hydrolysis half-lives of approximately 8 days in freshwater and 14 hours in seawater(8,9). Some biodegradation of tetraethyl lead in water is expected to occur based on a more rapid initial rate of degradation measured in non-sterile soil than in sterile soil (70-90% degradation after 8 hours and 18 hours, respectively); however, abiotic mechanisms are considered to be the dominant degradation processes for this substance(10). Liquid tetraethyl lead is relatively insoluble in water and has high density, thus a spill of tetraethyl lead into a stream will sink and spread along the stream bottom(11).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetraethyl lead, which has a vapor pressure of 0.26 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetraethyl lead is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.1 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 6.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). The rate constants for direct photolysis of vapor-phase tetraethyl lead exposed to bright sunlight at solar zenith angles of 40 and 75 deg have been experimentally determined to be 5.1X10-3/min and 1.29X10-3/min, respectively(4). These values correspond to respective photolytic half-lives of 2.3 and 9.0 hours in air(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: WHEN GASOLINE CONTAINING TETRAETHYL LEAD (TEL) IS BURNED, ALL OF TEL IS CONVERTED TO EITHER LEAD HALIDES OR LEAD PHOSPHATE (IF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS CMPD ... ALSO ADDED TO GASOLINE). ABOUT A QUARTER OF THE ADDED LEAD IS RETAINED WITHIN THE EXHAUST SYSTEMS & ENGINE OIL OF MOTOR CARS. THE REMAINDER IS DISCHARGED VIA THE EXHAUST MAINLY IN FORM OF FINE PARTICLES OF LEAD COMPOUNDS. HALF OF THE LEAD PARTICULATE MATTER FALLS TO THE GROUND ... & IS DISPERSED IN SOIL & DRAINS. FINER PARTICLES ARE DISPERSED IN ATMOSPHERE & MAY BE CARRIED CONSIDERABLE DISTANCES BY AIR MOVEMENTS BEFORE THEY ARE EVENTUALLY DEPOSITED.

AEROBIC: Approximately 5 to 7% of C-14 applied to soil as C-14 labeled tetraethyl lead was evolved as C-14 labeled CO2 after 28 days incubation in non-sterile soil(1). The initial concentration of tetraethyl lead (labeled and non-labeled) was approximately 10 ug/g(1). All C-14 labeled tetraethyl lead was removed from both sterile and non-sterile soil after 28 days during a soil-die away study(2). Initial degradation was more rapid in the non-sterile soil than in the sterile soil with 70-90% degradation after 8 hours and 18 hours, respectively(2). This difference along with the observation of C-14 CO2 evolution indicated that some biodegradation was taking place(2). Disappearance of 14-C labeled tetraethyl lead was reported to be greater than 90% within 1 day in non-sterile soil and greater than 90% within 3 days in autoclaved soil(1). Based on these data, it was estimated that biodegradation was responsible for 10-20% of the degradation of tetraethyl lead during the first day of incubation; abiotic degradation was considered to be the major factor resulting in the disappearance of this substance(1). Tetraethyl lead was completely degraded within 14 days in soil not contaminated with gasoline (initial concentration of 1.315 ug/g); however, 4 to 17% of the applied tetraethyl lead remained after 77 days in soil contaminated with 1000 to 5000 ug/g gasoline(3). The slower rate of degradation observed in the gasoline-contaminated soil was attributed to the high solubility of tetraethyl lead in gasoline and the protection from biotic and abiotic degradation processes that petroleum hydrocarbons provide for tetraethyl lead(3). Sieved agricultural soil samples were treated with tetraethyl lead and the resulting effects were analyzed by microcalorimetry(4). At an initial concentration of 2 g/kg dry weight in soil, the biodegradation rate was about 780 umol/day kg dry weight(4). At higher concentrations, the biodegradation of tetraethyl lead was less pronounced. At an initial concn of 10 g/kg dry weight in soil, 75% of tetraethyl lead still remained after 10 days(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tetraethyl lead with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 6.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 6.1 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). Reaction of tetraethyl lead with hydroxyl radicals yields triethyl lead compounds, diethyl lead compounds and inorganic lead, with the ionic alkyllead compounds occurring in either the gas-phase or in aerosol form(3). The hydrolysis half-life of tetraethyl lead in fresh water at pH 7 and 40 °C was reported to be approximately 8 days(4). The rate constant for chemical hydrolysis of tetraethyl lead in seawater is reported to be 1.33X10-5/sec(5); this corresponds to a half-life of 14 hrs(SRC). Triethyl lead chloride has been identified as a reaction product(5,6). Degradation of tetraethyl lead in water results in the formation of trialkyl and dialkyl lead compounds(7). Copper and iron ions have been found to catalyze the decomposition of tetraethyl lead in water(8). The rate constants for direct photolysis of vapor-phase tetraethyl lead exposed to bright sunlight at solar zenith angles of 40 and 75 deg have been experimentally determined to be 5.1X10-3/min and 1.29X10-3/min, respectively(9). These values correspond to respective photolytic half-lives of 2.3 and 9.0 hours in air(SRC).

During a study on the degradation of tetraalkyl lead compounds in water, all tested compounds (in the dark and in daylight) decomposed completely within 5 days in natural water(1). Based on the observed degradation, it was concluded that tetraalkyl lead compounds are eventually converted into inorganic lead through trialkyllead salts(1). Most uncombusted tetraalkyl lead compounds in the atmosphere undergo rapid photolytic decomposition to ionic elemental lead, which settles out on the ground and becomes bound to soil organic matter(2). In distilled water, tetraethyl lead is fairly stable with only 2% decomposing to triethyl lead in 77 days(2). However, the rate of decomposition increases with decreasing water purity(2).

Measured BCF values located for tetraethyl lead range from 120 to 18,138(1,2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF range suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high to very high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).

Exposure of eastern oysters to tetraethyl lead concentrations of 0.1 and 0.8 ug Pb/L resulted in measured BCF values of 17,600 and 18,138, respectively(1). Exposure of shrimp, mussel, and plaice to LC50 concentrations of tetraethyl lead for 96 hours resulted in BCF values of 650, 120, and 130, respectively(2). A study of a large spill of tetraethyl lead in the Adriatic Sea in 1974 revealed that tetraethyl lead showed a relatively low level of accumulation by aquatic fauna(3).

Mobility of tetraethyl lead may be inhibited by sorption to soil organic matter; however, it may also be enhanced by the formation of soluble chelate complexes with soluble organic anions(1). When spilled onto soil, tetraethyl lead tends to spread on the surface and penetrate into the soil at a rate dependent on the soil permeability and water content(1). As rainwater infiltrates into soils, the leachability of tetraethyl lead will be determined largely by sorption reactions(1). During spills of leaded gasoline onto soils, the nonpolar nature of gasoline serves as a mobile solvent capable of transporting lead alkyl compounds through the soil(1).

Rapid initial absorption of tetraethyl lead from gasoline to soil was observed in a mixture with a ratio of 1 g of Arrendondo surface soil per 1 mL gasoline(1). Greater than 75% loss of tetraethyl lead from the gasoline (initial concentrations 180 to 720 ug/mL) occurred within 20 to 50 hours(1).

The Henry's Law constant for tetraethyl lead is 0.568 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tetraethyl lead is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 5.3 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 7.1 days(SRC). Tetraethyl lead's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The volatilization half-life from a model pond is about 53 days when adsorption is considered(3). Tetraethyl lead is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.26 mm Hg(4).

SURFACE WATER: Tetraethyl lead was detected in freshwater samples from the Colchester river at 0.20 ng/L(1). It was also detected in a freshwater lagoon in England at 0.02 ng/L(1). Tetraethyl lead was detected in estuarine water at Wivenhoe at 0.10 ng/L(1). Tetraethyl lead was detected at a fresh water reservoir surrounded by roads in Ardeleigh, England at 0.05 ng/L(1). Tetraethyl lead levels were <0.3-5 ng Pb/L in road surface water in Colchester, England sampled during 1986, <4-29 ng Pb/L in road surface runoff in Lancaster, England sampled during 1985, and below detection (<0.3 ng Pb/L) in 2 seawater samples from Colchester, England(2,3).

GROUNDWATER: The concentration of tetraethyl lead measured in 2 groundwater samples from Colchester, England was below the detection limit, <0.3 ng Pb/L(1).

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P110 or D008, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Controlled incineration with scrubbing for collection of lead oxides, which may be recycled. It is also possible to recover alkyl lead compounds from wastewaters as an alternative to disposal.

Chemical Treatability of Lead; Concentration Process: Biological Treatment; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Respirometer Study; Results of Study: Oxygen uptake inhibited.

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Health: TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Tetraethyl lead, liquid/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Tetraethyl lead, liquid/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Tetraethyl lead, liquid/

/GUIDE 131: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS-TOXIC/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Tetraethyl lead, liquid/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for TETRAETHYL LEAD (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

NA 1649; Tetraethyl lead, liquid

IMO 6.1; Tetraethyl lead, liquid

49 214 84; Tetraethyl lead, liquid

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Severe marine pollutant.

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: I