isobutylamine

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301+H311+H331 (13.9%): Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]

H301 (51%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H302 (49%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H311 (27.4%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]

H314 (99.5%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (45.2%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H331 (26.9%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (27.4%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 208 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting. Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required.

· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

Some of these materials may react violently with water.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Do not get water inside containers.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or alcohol foam.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.

· Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material.

· For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads).

· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

Large Spill

· Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.

· Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Cautiously neutralize spilled liquid. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Cautiously neutralize spilled liquid. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Then wash away with plenty of water.

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable. /Butyl Amines/

Small Spill: Use absorbent paper to pick up spilled material. Follow by washing surfaces well with soap and water. Seal all wastes in vapor-tight plastic bags for eventual disposal.

Environmental considerations-land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for ISOBUTYLAMINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Incineration; Incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions. Alternatively it may be poured into sodium bisulfate, neutralized and flushed with water. /n-Butylamine/

Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible material. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected and atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. /N-butylamine/

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Keep away from heat and open flame.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ISOBUTYLAMINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material. For hydrazine, absorb with DRY sand or inert absorbent (vermiculite or absorbent pads). Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2024)

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, strong acids and food and feedstuffs.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, strong acids, food and feedstuffs

Store in refrigerator. Keep under an inert atmosphere for long-term storage. /Butyl Amines/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

2.0 [ppm], Ceiling = 5 ppm[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

12.2 [mg/m3]

15 [mg/m3]

44 [mg/m3]

· Some of these materials may react violently with water.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.

· Do not get water inside containers.

Fire Involving Tanks, Rail Tank Cars or Highway Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause lung oedema. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Self-contained breathing apparatus; butyl rubber gloves; chemical face shield; butyl rubber apron (USCG, 1999)

Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Use non-sparking handtools.

Face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Wear protective gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin contact. Teflon is recommended by safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers for n-Butylamine and Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and VITON/chlorobutylene for Isobutylamine. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Wear dust-proof chemical goggles and face shield unless full face-piece respiratory protection is worn. Employees should wash immediately with soap when skin is wet or contaminated. Provide emergency showers and eyewash. /Butyl Amines/

Personal Protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Use non-sparking handtools.

AVOID ALL CONTACT! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Isobutylamine appears as a clear colorless liquid with a fishlike odor. Flash point 15 °F. Less dense (6.1 lb / gal) than water. Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.

Colorless liquid with an amine odor; [HSDB]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colourless to yellow liquid; Fishy cheesy aroma

Colorless liquid

Amine odor

Fish-like odor.

154 to 156 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

68-69 °C

67.00 to 71.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

68.6 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-121 °F (NTP, 1992)

-84.6 °C

-85.5 °C

15 °F (NTP, 1992)

15 °F (-9 °C) (closed cup)

-9.0 °C c.c.

Very soluble (NTP, 1992)

Very sol in alcohol, ether; Sol in acetone, benzene

In water, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible) at 25 °C

1000 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water: miscible

Soluble in water

Soluble (in ethanol)

0.739 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.724 at 25 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.72

0.731-0.737

0.731 @ 20°C

2.5 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)

2.5 (Air = 1)

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.5

100 mmHg at 65.8 °F (NTP, 1992)

138.0 [mmHg]

138 mm Hg at 25 °C

Vapor pressure, kPa at 18.8 °C: 13.3

138 [mm Hg] @25 °C

log Kow = 0.73

Stable during shipment.

712 °F (USCG, 1999)

Highly flammable. Soluble in water.

Amines, Phosphines, and Pyridines

Highly Flammable

ISOBUTYLAMINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Forms explosive mixture with air. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. n-Butylamine is a weak base; reacts with strong oxidizers and acids causing fire and explosion hazard. Incompatible with organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, epichlorohydrin, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, caprolactum solution. Attacks some metals in presence of moitsure. /Butyl Amines/

Reacts with oxidizers.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

Burning sensation. Cough. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.

Pain. Redness. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

Abdominal pain. Burning sensation. Shock or collapse.

Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.

Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.

LD50 Rat oral 228 mg/kg

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mg/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/

First Aid: Inhalation - Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention. Skin Contact - Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention. Eyes - First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor. Ingestion - Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give plenty of water to drink. Refer for medical attention.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ INHALATION: Burning sensation. Cough. Shortness of breath. Labored breathing. Symptoms may be delayed. SKIN: Pain. Redness. EYES: Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns. Skin burns. INGESTION: Abdominal pain. Burning sensation. Shock or collapse.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ SKIN CONTACT CAN RESULT IN ERYTHEMA, BLISTERING. INHALATION CAUSES HEADACHE, DRYNESS OF NOSE & THROAT.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Isobutylamine induces nausea and unpleasant salivation in man at 40 mg/kg orally.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Skin contact can result in erythema and blistering; inhalation causes headache and dryness of the nose and throat.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ISOBUTYLAMINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The acute oral LD50 values of monobutylamines, incl isobutylamine, were determined in both male (195 g) and female (156 g) Sprague-Dawley rats. Signs of toxicity observed after single oral doses of the monobutylamines incl sedation, ataxia, nasal discharge, gasping, and salivation followed by convulsions and death at the higher dose levels. Gross pathol exam of animals that died after treatment revealed pulmonary edema.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In animals, it is sympathomimetic, a cardiac depressant, and a convulsant.

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ More than 60 different amines have been tested for their effect on protein degradation and protein synthesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. ... All of the typically lysosomotrophic amines inhibited protein degradation to the same extent ... and their maximal effects were nonadditive. This may indicate a complete and selective blockade of the lysosomal pathway of protein degradation, making these compounds useful tools in the study of intracellular protein metabolism.

LC50 Danio rerio (Zebrafish, embryo) 1,267 umol/L/48 hr (95% confidence 1,093-1,610 umol/L); static (DarT test) /from table/

LD50 Danio rerio (Zebrafish, embryo) 3,282 umol/kg (calculated); static (DarT test) /from table/

LC100 Semotilus atromaculatus /(Creek chub)/ 820 umol/L/24 hr; static, 15-21 °C /from table/

Isobutylamine's production and use as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of insecticides may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Isobutylamine is a natural component of tobacco and has been detected in marine algae. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 138 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates isobutylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase isobutylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours. Isobutylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, isobutylamine is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 60. The pKa of isobutylamine is 10.68 indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon its cation state. Isobutylamine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test, suggesting that biodegradation may occur in the soil and water. If released into water, isobutylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. A pKa of 10.68 indicates isobutylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to isobutylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isobutylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to isobutylamine through the ingestion of food and the use of tobacco products. (SRC)

... amines from decomposing fish ... /Amines/

/The microbe/ ... Proteus mirabilis was found to produce isobutylamine.

Isobutylamine is a natural component of tobacco(1) and has been detected in marine algae(2).

Isobutylamine's production and use as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of insecticides(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 60(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.73(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isobutylamine is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of isobutylamine is 10.68(4) indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of isobutylamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process given its cation state(SRC). Isobutylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(6). Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test(7), suggesting that biodegradation may occur in soils(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 60(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.73(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isobutylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). A pKa of 10.68(4) indicates isobutylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test(8), suggesting that biodegradation may occur in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isobutylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 138 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isobutylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), derived using a structure estimation method(3). Isobutylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Isobutylamine was biologically-oxidized by aniline-acclimated activated sludge and the bacteria Alcaligenes faecalis, isolated from activated sludge using the Warburg technique(1,2). Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded in duplicate tests during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of isobutylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 11 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Isobutylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Isobutylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for isobutylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.73(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of isobutylamine is estimated as 60(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.73(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that isobutylamine is expected to have high mobility in soil. The pKa of isobutylamine is 10.68(4) indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

A pKa of 10.68(1) indicates isobutylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(2). The potential for volatilization of isobutylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 138 mm Hg(3).

Isobutylamine was detected in the leachate from a municipal refuse waste disposal site in the Netherlands at a concn of 32 ppm(1). Isobutylamine was identified, not quantified, in the effluent of a cattle feed lot(2).

Isobutylamine was identified, not quantified, as a constituent of soil from Moscow, USSR(1).

Volatile amines /including isobutylamine were/ isolated ... from 4 month old Chanakh cheese.

The concn of various amines in 13 red and 10 white Italian wines were determined. ... The mean value for the red and white wines were 0.06 mg/L and 0.23 mg/L for isobutylamine, respectively.

Isobutylamine has been qualitatively detected in various Italian cheeses, in German wine, in American beef, in Valencia oranges, lemons from CA and cooked and boiled beef(1-6).

LC50 Danio rerio (Zebrafish, embryo) 1,267 umol/L/48 hr (95% confidence 1,093-1,610 umol/L); static (DarT test) /from table/

LD50 Danio rerio (Zebrafish, embryo) 3,282 umol/kg (calculated); static (DarT test) /from table/

LC100 Semotilus atromaculatus /(Creek chub)/ 820 umol/L/24 hr; static, 15-21 °C /from table/

Isobutylamine's production and use as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of insecticides may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Isobutylamine is a natural component of tobacco and has been detected in marine algae. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 138 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates isobutylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase isobutylamine will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours. Isobutylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, isobutylamine is expected to have high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 60. The pKa of isobutylamine is 10.68 indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon its cation state. Isobutylamine may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test, suggesting that biodegradation may occur in the soil and water. If released into water, isobutylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. A pKa of 10.68 indicates isobutylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to isobutylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isobutylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to isobutylamine through the ingestion of food and the use of tobacco products. (SRC)

... amines from decomposing fish ... /Amines/

/The microbe/ ... Proteus mirabilis was found to produce isobutylamine.

Isobutylamine is a natural component of tobacco(1) and has been detected in marine algae(2).

Isobutylamine's production and use as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of insecticides(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 60(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.73(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isobutylamine is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of isobutylamine is 10.68(4) indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of isobutylamine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process given its cation state(SRC). Isobutylamine is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(6). Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test(7), suggesting that biodegradation may occur in soils(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 60(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.73(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that isobutylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). A pKa of 10.68(4) indicates isobutylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test(8), suggesting that biodegradation may occur in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), isobutylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 138 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase isobutylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), derived using a structure estimation method(3). Isobutylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

AEROBIC: Isobutylamine was biologically-oxidized by aniline-acclimated activated sludge and the bacteria Alcaligenes faecalis, isolated from activated sludge using the Warburg technique(1,2). Isobutylamine was 87 percent and 68 percent biodegraded in duplicate tests during a 2 week incubation period using a Japanese MITI test(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of isobutylamine with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 11 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Isobutylamine is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Isobutylamine does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for isobutylamine(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.73(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of isobutylamine is estimated as 60(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.73(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that isobutylamine is expected to have high mobility in soil. The pKa of isobutylamine is 10.68(4) indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

A pKa of 10.68(1) indicates isobutylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(2). The potential for volatilization of isobutylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 138 mm Hg(3).

Isobutylamine was detected in the leachate from a municipal refuse waste disposal site in the Netherlands at a concn of 32 ppm(1). Isobutylamine was identified, not quantified, in the effluent of a cattle feed lot(2).

Isobutylamine was identified, not quantified, as a constituent of soil from Moscow, USSR(1).

Volatile amines /including isobutylamine were/ isolated ... from 4 month old Chanakh cheese.

The concn of various amines in 13 red and 10 white Italian wines were determined. ... The mean value for the red and white wines were 0.06 mg/L and 0.23 mg/L for isobutylamine, respectively.

Isobutylamine has been qualitatively detected in various Italian cheeses, in German wine, in American beef, in Valencia oranges, lemons from CA and cooked and boiled beef(1-6).

Isobutylamine concentrations in various foods(1). [Table#1715]

Isobutylamine has been detected in various species of marine algae(1). It has been found to occur naturally in Latakia tobacco leaves(2).

... The presence of volatile aliphatic amines ... in human breast milk and amniotic fluid /was measured/ to assess their role in neonatal hypergastrinemia. These volatile nitrogenous amino acid metabolites have been previously demonstrated to stimulate gastrin release in in vivo and in vitro laboratory preparations. ... The present study ... demonstrated that these gastrin-stimulatory volatile amines were present in significant concentrations in breast milk during the first several weeks after parturition and in amniotic fluid. The individual amines that were identified in both human milk and amniotic fluid samples were methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, trimethylamine, propylamine, isobutylamine, and butylamine. This study provides indirect evidence to support the possibility that the hypergastrinemia measured in the fetus/neonate during the period immediately before and after birth may be attributable, in part, to the ingestion of fluid containing high concentrations of gastrin-stimulating amines.

Isobutylamine was qualitatively detected in tobacco smoke(1). It was detected at a concn of 1.06 ppm in a commercial fermented egg product (FEP) used to attract coyotes(2).

Occupational exposure to isobutylamine may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where isobutylamine is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to isobutylamine through the ingestion of food and the use of tobacco products. (SRC)

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Incineration; Incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions. Alternatively it may be poured into sodium bisulfate, neutralized and flushed with water. /n-Butylamine/

Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible material. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected and atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. /N-butylamine/

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 132: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - CORROSIVE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ISOBUTYLAMINE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 1214; Isobutylamine

IMO 3; Isobutylamine

49 081 86; Isobutylamine

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid Corrosive

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container.

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Subsidiary Risks: 8; UN Pack Group: II