p-nitrophenol sodium salt

H228 (33.3%): Flammable solid [Danger Flammable solids]

H242 (10.8%): Heating may cause a fire [Danger Self-reactive substances and mixtures; Organic peroxides]

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (32.5%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H315 (34.2%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319 (45%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H332 (33.3%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H335 (33.3%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H336 (55%): May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H373 (33.3%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H411 (10.8%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P234, P235, P240, P241, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410, P411, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 120 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

P260, P264, P270, P301+P317, P308+P316, P319, P330, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P305+P351+P338, P330, P337+P317, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or foam. /Nitrotoluenes/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread the fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Nitrophenol/

Land Spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water. Neutralize with agricultural lime, crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. /Nitrophenol/

Water Spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime, crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. If material is dissolved, in the region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Nitrophenol/

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Nitrophenol is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. /SRP: Incineration must be controlled./ Care must be taken to maintain complete combustion at all times. Incineration of large quantities may require scrubbers to control the emission of NOx. /Nitrophenol cmpd/

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for 4-nitrophenol: Biological treatment, resin adsorption.

The effectiveness of various wastewater treatment processes (ie, use of activated sludge, powdered activated carbon added to activated sludge, a granular activated carbon column, and a resin column) in removing the major pollutants from wastewater from the pharmaceutical industry was studied on a field pilot plant scale. The addition of powdered activated carbon to activated sludge produced a better effluent than the extended aeration of activated sludge. However, the powdered activated carbon pilot plant did not always produce a better effluent than the granular activated carbon plant. In general, the granular activated carbon pilot plant produced a better effluent than the resin column. /4-Nitrophenol/

... Clean work clothes should be supplied daily; showers should be taken prior to changing to street clothes. ... Appropriate type respirators with organic vapor canisters should be provided in areas of concn of dust or vapors. /Nitrophenols/

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. /4-Nitrophenol/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. All contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. /Nitrophenol/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for P-NITROPHENOL SODIUM SALT (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... KEEP ALL FLAMMABLES AWAY FROM AREA WHERE OXIDIZING AGENTS ARE STORED. ... AREA ... KEPT COOL & VENTILATED, & SHOULD BE FIREPROOFED. /4-Nitrophenol/

BUTYL RUBBER GLOVES; SIDE-SHIELD SAFETY GLASSES; /NIOSH APPROVED RESPIRATOR/ OR SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS /4-NITROPHENOL/

Yellow solid; [HSDB] Dihydrate: Orange powder; [MSDSonline]

Yellow crystalline solid

SOLUBILITY: 5.97 G/100 CC WATER @ 25 °C /TETRAHYDRATE/

Sol in water

DECOMPOSES VIOLENTLY @ 279 °C ... /4-Nitrophenol/

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitroxides and Na2O.

Decomposes violently when heated.

Detection in air: 2.3 mg/cu m /4-Nitrophenol/

Detection in water: 2.5 mg/l /4-Nitrophenol/

YELLOW MONOCLINIC PRISMS; MOLECULAR WT: 233.15; LOSES 2H2O @ 36 °C & 4H2O @ 120 °C; DECOMPOSES BEFORE REACHING BOILING POINT; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ALC /TETRAHYDRATE/

Color threshold= 0.24 mg/l.

WITH NITROPHENOLS ... META-& PARA-NITROPHENOL ARE REDUCED MORE IN VIVO STUDIES WITH NITROPHENOLS ... META-& PARA-NITROPHENOL ARE REDUCED MORE READILY THAN THE ORTHO ISOMER ...

Nitrogen Compounds -> Nitrophenols

Plant Growth Regulators

Active substance -> EU Pesticides database: Approved

... Contact with strong oxidizers or sulfuric acid may cause fires and explosions. /Nitrotoluenes/

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect

LCLo (rat) > 4,700 mg/m3

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes if immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . Rapid body cooling may be necessary in case of hyperthermia. Salicylates are contraindicated. /Dinitrophenol and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in severe respiratory distress. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with lactated Ringer's to treat dehydration. Watch for signs of fluid overload and pulmonary edema. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Dinitrophenol and related compounds/

Liver and renal function and blood should be evaluated in placement or periodic examinations. /Nitrophenols/

Excretion of 4-nitrophenol, a metabolite of the organophosphorous pesticides, parathion, methylparathion, O-ethyl-O-(p-nitrophenyl) phenyl phosphorothioic acid (EPN), and decapthion is a good indicator of human exposure to these pesticides. /4-Nitrophenol/

Initial Medical Exam: A complete history & physical exam: ... Exam of blood, nervous system, GI system, & cardiovascular system should be stressed. Skin should be examined for evidence of chronic disorders. ... A complete blood count should be performed, including red cell count, a white cell count, a differential count of stained smear, as well as hemoglobin & hematocrit. Periodic Medical Exam: The ... /initial med exam/ should be repeated on an annual basis. Methemoglobin determinations should be performed if overexposure is suspected or signs & symptoms of toxicity occur.

Inhalation or ingestion causes headaches, drowsiness, nausea, and blue color in lips, ears, and fingernails (cyanosis). ... Contact with eyes causes irritation. ... Can be absorbed through intact skin to give same symptoms as for inhalation. /4-Nitrophenol/

Harmful effects and symptoms: anoxia, cyanosis, headaches, weakness, dizziness, ataxia, dyspnea, tachycardia, nausea, and vomiting.

FORMS METHEMOGLOBIN, IRRITATION, & KIDNEY & LIVER DAMAGE.

Target Organs: Blood; Central nervous system; Gastrointestinal; Cardiovascular system; and Skin.

Occupational exposure to nitrotoluenes has been associated with optic neuropathy, dysfunction of the adrenal cortex and disturbances of intestinal digestion.

HAS EXPTL PRODUCED HYPERTHERMIA, METHEMOGLOBINEMIA & CNS DEPRESSION. /4-Nitrophenol/

SYMPTOMS ... IN ANIMALS INCLUDE SHORTNESS OF BREATH, AND INITIAL STIMULATION FOLLOWED BY PROGRESSIVE DEPRESSION. /4-NITROPHENOL/

FLOW THROUGH, ACUTE (96 HR) AND EARLY LIFE STAGE (28 DAYS AFTER HATCH) TOXICITY TESTS /SRP: ON C VARIEGATUS (SHEEPSHEAD MINNOWS)/ REVEALED THAT MAX ACCEPTABLE TOXICANT CONCN (MATC) FOR 4-NITROPHENOL WAS GREATER THAN 10 BUT LESS THAN 16 MG/L, WITH AN APPLICATION FACTOR OF 0.31-0.50. /4-NITROPHENOL/

ITS TOXICITY IS IDENTICAL TO THAT OF O-NITROPHENOL. O-NITROPHENOL CAUSES CENTRAL & PERIPHERAL VAGUS STIMULATION, CNS DEPRESSION, METHEMOGLOBINEMIA, & DYSPNEA IN ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION. /4-NITROPHENOL/

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for P-NITROPHENOL SODIUM SALT (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... Individuals with cardiovascular, renal, or pulmonary disease and those with anemia are probably more subject to poisoning by nitrophenol. /Nitrophenols/

Persons with blood disorders may be at increased risk from exposure.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Nitrophenol is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. /SRP: Incineration must be controlled./ Care must be taken to maintain complete combustion at all times. Incineration of large quantities may require scrubbers to control the emission of NOx. /Nitrophenol cmpd/

The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for 4-nitrophenol: Biological treatment, resin adsorption.

The effectiveness of various wastewater treatment processes (ie, use of activated sludge, powdered activated carbon added to activated sludge, a granular activated carbon column, and a resin column) in removing the major pollutants from wastewater from the pharmaceutical industry was studied on a field pilot plant scale. The addition of powdered activated carbon to activated sludge produced a better effluent than the extended aeration of activated sludge. However, the powdered activated carbon pilot plant did not always produce a better effluent than the granular activated carbon plant. In general, the granular activated carbon pilot plant produced a better effluent than the resin column. /4-Nitrophenol/

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Nitrophenols/

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors, and sewers explosion hazards. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form. /Nitrophenols/

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Nitrophenols/

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Nitrophenols/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for P-NITROPHENOL SODIUM SALT (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.