2-chlorotoluene

H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P261, P271, P273, P304+P340, P317, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H226 (66.4%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H332 (99.6%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

H361d (40.1%): Suspected of damaging the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H400 (45.4%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H411 (91.2%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 262 reports by companies from 17 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]

H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264+P265, P271, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P337+P317, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

H303: May be harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H316: Causes mild skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]

H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P318, P319, P332+P317, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

(General first aid procedures)

Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Skin: Soap wash immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly.

Breathing: Respiratory support

Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Small fires: dry chemical, CO2, water spray or foam; large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (USCG, 1999)

Use water spray, carbon dioxide, foam, powder. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Chlorotoluenes/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Chlorotoluenes/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Chlorotoluenes/

... HANDLING OF MATERIAL DOES NOT PRESENT ANY SPECIAL PROBLEMS & NORMAL PRECAUTIONS FOR HANDLING CHEMICALS SHOULD BE ADEQUATE.

The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants.

50 [ppm]

52 [ppm]

310 [ppm]

50 ppm (250 mg/m³)

75 ppm (375 mg/m³)

TWA 50 ppm (250 mg/m3) ST 75 ppm (375 mg/m3)

none See Appendix G

See: IDLH INDEX

50.0 [ppm]

8 hr Time-Weighted Avg (TWA): 50 ppm.

Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.

50 ppm as TWA

50 ppm [1971]

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C; on spraying or dispersing, however, much faster.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for o-Chlorotoluene:

Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.

Remove: WHEN WET (FLAMMABLE) - Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100 °F).

Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.

Provide: EYEWASH - Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substances; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. (NIOSH, 2024)

Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. /Chlorotoluenes/

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.

Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.

Important additional information about respirator selection

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 43 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

O-chlorotoluene is a colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. Denser than water and poorly soluble in water. Hence sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)

Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor; [NIOSH]

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor.

Colorless liquid.

Aromatic odor.

318.15 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

158.97 °C

159.2 °C

318.2 °F

159 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-31.2 °F (NTP, 1992)

-35.59 °C

-35.1 °C

-31.2 °F

-35.8 °C

126 °F (NTP, 1992)

43 °C c.c.

0.009 % at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2024)

FREELY SOL IN CHLOROFORM

Miscible with alcohol, acetone, ether, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and n-heptane; slightly soluble in water.

Solubility less than 10% in acetone, benzene, ether, alcohol

Solubility in water = 374 mg/l at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.47

(77 °F): 0.009%

1.0825 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.0826 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.08

1.0825 @ 20°C

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 4.4

10 mmHg at 109.8 °F (NTP, 1992)

3.43 [mmHg]

3.43 mm Hg at 25 °C, determined from experimentally-derived coefficients

Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 0.35

4 mmHg at 77 °F

7.5 [mm Hg] @38 °C

(77 °F): 4 mmHg

Log Kow= 3.42

1.022 mPa-s @ 20 °C

-3747 kJ/mol @ 18.8 °C

Slightly water soluble.

Aryl Halides

O-CHLOROTOLUENE may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also may be incompatible with amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides. Reacts violently with dimethyl sulfoxide (NTP, 1992).

Acids, alkalis, oxidizers, reducing materials, water.

Acids, alkalis, oxidizers, reducing materials, water

o-Chlorotoluene

2 x 10 ^-2 mg/kg-day

1-Chloro-2-methylbenzene

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

Smith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Cough. Shortness of breath. Dizziness.

Dry skin. Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain.

irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; dermatitis; drowsiness, incoordination, anesthesia; cough; liver, kidney injury

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

2 x 10^-2 mg/kg-day

PDF Document

Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential

SCREEN Current

IRIS Current

PPRTV Current

LCLo (rat) = 4,400 ppm

Oral LD50 (rat) = >1600 mg/kg

/Representative of chemical production plant stated/ ... production people in plant ... who have handled material for years, have never encountered cases in skin irritation or other forms of poisoning due to contact with, or inhalation of the product.

VAPOR HARMFUL.

The undiluted material has been admin orally to rats in doses ranging from 50-1600 mg/kg. Moderate to marked weakness was noted and vasodilatation was produced at the higher dose levels. All rats survived & were gaining wt 2 wk later. ...

Undiluted liquid was applied under an occlusive dressing to two guinea pigs in doses of 1 cc and 10 cc/kg for a 24 hr period. There was moderately severe local irritation and evidence of skin absorption ... both animals had lost wt two weeks after exposure.

One drop of undiluted material instilled in the eye of a rabbit resulted in a delayed reaction which produced moderate erythema of the conjunctiva. After 24 hr the anterior portion of the cornea was opaque but had grossly returned to its normal appearance 14 days later.

Rats exposed for 6 hr to an atm of 21 mg/l or about 4000 ppm lost coordination in 1.5 hr, prostration occurred in 1.75 hr, and tremors in 2 hours. Marked vasodilation also developed. All 3 animals survived, and 14 days later had gained wt averaging 33 grams each. Three rats were exposed to an atmospheric concn of 73 mg/l or 14,000 ppm. They suffered loss of coordination, vasodilatation, labored respiration, /CNS depression/, red tears, but all survived. Rats exposed to 900 mg/l (approximately 175,000 ppm). One animal died. There was severe prostration of the other two. They survived and were gaining wt 14 days later.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 2-CHLOROTOLUENE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The frequency of forward mutations was determined at the (TK) locus of the mouse lymphoma L5178Y cell line when exposed to orthochlorotoluene. No significant increases in the mutant frequency produced. Orthochlorotoluene was assayed at concentrations up to 40 nl/ml without activation and 60 nl/ml with metabolic activation by rat liver S9 fraction, and nondetectable to moderate toxicities were induced. Percent relative growth ranged from 58.3% to 19.3% in the absence of activation, and from 127.1% to 23.8% with activation.

The ability of ortho-chlorotoluene to induce specific locus mutations at the TK locus in cultured L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells (Mouse Lymphoma Mutagenicity Assay) was evaluated in the presence of Aroclor-induced rat liver S9 metabolic activation. Based on preliminary toxicity tests, 12 activated cultures exposed from 40 nl/ml to 90 nl/ml were cloned, producing a range of 69.7 - 6.1% relative growth. None of the activated cultures produced mutant frequencies significantly greater than the solvent control (DMSO).

The frequency of chromosome aberrations was determined in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, in an in vitro cytogenetic assay, with and without metabolic activation by rat liver S9 fraction. In nonactivated experiments, orthochlorotoluene was tested at 6 concentrations ranging from 0.83 nl/ml to 250.00 nl/ml. There was no significant increase in chromosome damage in the cultures tested up to the toxic dose of 83.3 nl/ml, (severe toxicity at 250.00 nl/ml). In the presence of metabolic activation there was again no increase in aberrations in the test cultures up to 83.3 nl/ml.

An inhalation teratology study was conducted with New Zealand white rabbits receiving whole body exposure to 2-chlorotoluene at nominal concentrations of 0, 1.5, 4 and 10 mg/l in an air exposure chamber. At each concentration 16 female rabbits were exposed for 6 hr/day on days 6-28 inclusive of gestation. At a nominal concentration of 10 mg/l, lachrymation, salivation and ptosis was observed during initial exposures. At 4 and 10 mg/l there was a significant dose-related reduction in food consumption during the treatment period, which resulted in retardation of mean weight gain between the onset of treatment and day 9 of gestation. Among litter parameters, there was no significant effect upon mean values for litter size, pre- and post implantation loss, or litter and mean fetal weight. Also, there was no significant effect upon incidence of skeletal anomalies and variants.

For more TSCA Test Submissions (Complete) data for 2-CHLOROTOLUENE (38 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1.60e+03

2.30e+04

2.40e+02

8.0E+01(G)

2.30e-01

2.00e-02

Volatile

1.60e+03

2.30e+04

2.40e+02

8.0E+01(G)

2.30e-01

2.00e-02

Volatile

9.07e+02

4.70e+03

7.00e+04

7.10e+02

8.0E+01 (G)

The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms. This substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to crustacea and fish.

2-Chlorotoluene may be released to the environment in emissions and effluents from sites of its manufacture or industrial use, from venting during storage and transport, and from disposal of industrial waste products which contain this compound (ie. spent solvent). If released to the atmosphere, 2-chlorotoluene will exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere based on a measured vapor pressure of 3.43 mm Hg at 25 °C. Vapor-phase 2-chlorotoluene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals with a half-life of about 9 days. Measured Koc values from 170-880 indicate that 2-chlorotoluene may have low to moderate mobility in soil. Volatilization from moist and dry soil surfaces may occur based on a measured Henry's Law constant of 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole and 2-chlorotoluene's measured vapor pressure, respectively. Based on limited data, 2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to biodegradation. A second order rate constant for the microbial degradation of 2-chlorotoluene in natural water was experimentally determined to be 2.7X10-11 L/organism-hr. At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0-<30% biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial consortium of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was able to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days. 2-Chlorotoluene may adsorb to sediment and suspended matter in water based on its measured Koc values. This compound may volatilize from water surfaces given its Henry's Law constant. Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively. BCF values from 20-112, measured in carp, indicate that 2-chlorotoluene may bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms. The general population may be exposed to 2-chlorotoluene by inhalation of contaminated air or ingestion of contaminated drinking water. Workers involved in the manufacture, use, packaging, or transport of this compound may be exposed by inhalation and/or dermal contact. (SRC)

2-Chlorotoluene's production and use as a solvent and intermediate in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic rubber chemicals(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), measured Koc values from 170-880(2) indicate that 2-chlorotoluene will have low to moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-chlorotoluene may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given a measured Henry's Law constant of 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(3) and from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on an experimental vapor pressure of 3.43 mm Hg(SRC), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients(4). Based on limited data, 2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to biodegradation(SRC). At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0(5)-<30%(6) biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial blend of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was able to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days(7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), measured Koc values from 170-880(2) indicates that 2-chlorotoluene may adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Based on limited data, 2-chlorotoluene may be resistant to aerobic biodegradation(SRC). A second order rate constant for the microbial degradation of 2-chlorotoluene in natural water was experimentally determined to be 2.7X10-11 L/organism-hr(8). At 100 ppm, 2-chlorotoluene showed only 0(3)-<30%(4) biodegradation in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum. However, a microbial blend of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was able to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days(5). 2-Chlorotoluene should volatilize from water surfaces based on a measured Henry's Law constant of 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(6). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 4 hours and 5 days, respectively(1,SRC). BCF values from 20-112(3), measured in carp, indicate that 2-chlorotoluene may moderately bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC), according to a recommended classification scheme(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-chlorotoluene, which has a measured vapor pressure of 3.43 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), determined from experimentally-derived coefficients, will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-chlorotoluene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 9 days(3,SRC).

In the Japanese MITI test, using an initial concn of 100 ppm 2-chlorotoluene, <30% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum(1,2). In the modified MITI test, using an initial concentration of 100 ppm 2-chlorotoluene, 0% of the theoretical BOD was reached in 14 days(3). A second order rate constant for the microbial degradation of 2-chlorotoluene in natural water was experimentally determined to be 2.7X10-11 L/organism-hr(4). Microorganisms capable of degrading 2-chlorotolune were isolated from soil samples collected at a landfill site used for the disposal of chlorinated organic wastes(5). A microbial blend of 10 different bacteria and 2 fungi was used to degrade 2-chlorotoluene at a concentration of 200 mg/l; complete biodegradation occurred in 3 days(6).

2-Chlorotoluene is inert to chemical hydrolysis under environmental conditions(1). Reaction of 2-chlorotoluene with free-radical oxidants found in natural waters is not expected to be an environmentally important fate process(1,2). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-chlorotoluene with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.8X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(3,SRC). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 9 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(3,SRC).

Carp exposed to 2-chlorotoluene at 0.045 and 0.45 mg/L had measured BCF values of 20-112 and 41.6-87.2, respectively(1). An estimated BCF value of 230 was calculated for 2-chlorotoluene(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 3.42(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3). According to a recommended classification scheme(4), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration of 2-chlorotoluene in aquatic organisms may occur(SRC).

Measured soil adsorption coefficients (Koc) for 2-chlorotoluene ranged between 170-880, the average value was 370(1). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggest that 2-chlorotoluene will have low to moderate mobility in soil(2,SRC).

An experimental marine mesocosm was set up under simulated winter conditions (3-7 °C), with an initial 2-chlorotoluene concn of 2.3 ug/l; using monitoring data, the half-life of 2-chlorotoluene was estimated to be 12 days(1). Volatilization appeared to be the dominant removal mechanism. Volatilization in a bay or ocean should be significantly faster (perhaps up to an order of magnitude)(SRC) since turbulence in the mesocosm was substantially less than is found in bays or open oceans(1). The Henry's Law constant for 2-chlorotoluene was measured as 3.57X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). This value indicates that 2-chlorotoluene will volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 4 hours(3,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 5 days(3,SRC). 2-Chlorotoluene's experimental value for vapor pressure(4) and its measured Henry's Law constant(2) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil surfaces, respectively, is likely(SRC).

DRINKING WATER: Drinking water concentrates: Oct 1978, Cincinnati, OH - 1.6-2.0 ng/l; Feb 1976, Miami, FL - 1.2 ng/l; Nov 1976, Seattle, WA - 0.1-0.2 ng/l(1).

GROUNDWATER: As of June 30, 1984 - Wisconsin, 1174 community wells, 0.09% pos, 617 private wells, 0% pos, detection limit 1.0-5.0 ug/l(1). During 1981-1982, 945 wells scattered throughout the USA, 0.1% pos, concn detected 2.4 ug/l, detection limit 0.2-0.5 ug/l(2). The Biscayne Aquifer sites in northeast Dade County, FL were found to be contaminated with 2-chlorotoluene at a maximum concentration of 97 ug/l(3).

SURFACE WATER: Delaware River, winter - 3 ug/l, summer - not detected(1). Identified in the Niagara River(2). 1976, River Maas at Eysden (The Netherlands), concn range not detected-0.1 ug/l(1). 1976, River Maas at Keizersveer (The Netherlands), median concn- not detected, concn range not detected to 0.1 ug/l(detection limit not specified)(1). 1977-1979 Detected in the river Rhine(3). Detected in Rhine water at a concentration >1 ug/l, but was not identified in related tap-water (water treated by bank filtration)(4).

Advances waste treatment concentrates from publicly owned treatment works: Jan-Feb 1976, Orange County, CA - 0.2 ng/l; July 1975, Escondido, CA - 0.2 ng/l(1). Detected in the raw influent to a textile finishing plant waste treatment system, but not found in the final effluent(2). Identified in effluent from an organics and plastic industry and an organic chemical industry(3). Detected in chlorinated leachate from a simulated landfill lysimeter used to study codisposal of metal plating sludge with municipal solid waste(4). Identified as a principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the emissions from an incinerator test burn(5).

July-Aug 1981, New Jersey program on Airborne Toxic Elements and Organic Substances (ATEOS), detection limit 0.005 ppb: Newark, NJ, 38 samples, 76% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 37 samples, 49% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Camden, NJ, 35 samples, 89% pos, mean concn 0.01 ppb(1). Jan-Feb 1982, NJ ATEOS program, detection limit 0.005 ppb, Newark, NJ, 28 samples, 89% pos, mean concn 0.03 ppb; Elizabeth, NJ, 38 samples, 76% pos, mean concn 0.02 ppb; Camden, NJ, 37 samples, 62% pos, mean concn 0.01 ppb(1). During 1983-84, detected in air samples collected at 6 hazardous waste sites in NJ, mean concn range not detected-0.40 ppb (detection limit 0.10 ppb), and one sanitary landfill in NJ, mean concn 0.02 ppb(2). Air in the vicinity of leachate pools at 2 abandoned hazardous waste sites in NJ, mean concn range 0.06-0.44 ppb(2). Chlorotoluene isomers (o-, m-, and p-): Love Canal in Niagara Falls, NY, 15 samples, 80% pos, concn range trace-12,274 ng/cu m(3); Love Canal, 10 samples, 50% pos, concn range <0.010-1.64 ng/cu m(4); Baton Rouge, LA, 11 samples, 9% pos, 35 ng/cu m(3).

The general population may be exposed to o-chlorotoluene by inhalation of contaminated air or ingestion of contaminated drinking water(1,2,3,SRC). Workers involved in the manufacture, use, packaging, or transport of this compound may be exposed by inhalation and/or dermal contact(4,SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 11,618 workers (963 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 2-chlorotoluene in the USA(1).

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. /Chlorotoluenes/

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Chlorotoluenes/

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Chlorotoluenes/

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Chlorotoluenes/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 2-CHLOROTOLUENE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

UN 2238; Chlorotoluenes

IMO 3.3; Chlorotoluenes

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.

The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Flammable Liquid

Marine pollutant.

Symbol: Xn, N; R: 20-51/53; S: (2)-24/25-61; Note: C

UN Hazard Class: 3; UN Pack Group: III